JP3335871B2 - Grain processing method and grain processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a receiving step for receiving a cereal in a receiving section and performing a receiving process for measuring the received cereal, and for receiving the cereal based on discrimination information for sorting. The present invention relates to a grain processing method including a drying step of performing a drying process in a sorted state, and a storage step of storing dried grains, and a grain processing facility using the processing method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional grain processing method is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 3-201941. In other words, after the grain is put into the receiving hopper as the receiving unit, impurities and immature grains are removed by the roughing machine and weighed by the weighing machine. Sample grains are collected during the process. And
After the sample cereal is dried to a predetermined moisture content, classification information (for example, moisture, trait grade, taste, etc.) is measured by a measuring device, and the sample cereal is classified based on the determination information. In such a state, subsequent processing such as drying is performed.

Further, as shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 7-68188, similarly to the case of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 3-201941, a sample grain is collected at the time of weighing with a weighing machine, and drying treatment is performed. Without performing the process, the sample grain is supplied to a measuring device (near-infrared spectroscopic analyzer), and discrimination information for sorting is measured. Based on the discrimination information, subsequent processing such as drying is performed in the sorted state. Some were made to take place.

[0004]

In this type of grain processing equipment, for example, harvested and harvested grains are brought in by a plurality of farmers, and the brought-in grains are appropriately received by a receiving section. It is designed to perform processing such as drying and storage of grains in a state managed separately for each agricultural worker, and the receiving step, drying step, storage step, and the like are sequentially performed on the grains. It has become.

By the way, in the above-mentioned conventional configuration, when the weighing is performed in the receiving step, the sample grain is collected and the discrimination information for sorting is detected.
There were the following disadvantages.

[0006] It takes a predetermined discrimination time to perform the above-mentioned processes such as the drying process and the detection of the discrimination information for sorting. However, when the weighing is performed in the receiving process, the sample grain is collected. After that, since the time required for the above-described determination for detecting such determination information is further required, the processing of the grain (transition from the receiving step to the drying step, etc.) is waited until such time elapses. However, there is a disadvantage in that the waiting time increases and the time efficiency for processing decreases.

The present invention has been made in view of such a point, and an object of claim 1 is to improve the time efficiency for grain processing by unnecessary waiting time by a rational processing method. Another object of the present invention is to provide a grain processing method that can perform the following.

An object of claims 2 and 3 is to provide a grain processing facility capable of improving the time efficiency for grain processing by an unnecessary waiting time or the like with a reasonable configuration.

[0009]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a grain processing method, comprising: receiving a grain in a receiving unit;
Receiving process that performs a receiving process to measure the received grain
And the discrimination information for sorting
Drying process in which the drying process is performed in a state of sorting based on the report
And a storage step for storing the dried grain.
A grain before receiving to the receiving unit,
Before the weighing is performed after acceptance in the receiving unit
A sample grain is collected from the grain, and the sample grain is
Measure the total weight of the sample grain without drying
After hulling, the weight of brown rice is measured and the sample grain
Sort objects into appearance grade meters and taste meters,
By performing a predetermined measurement, the discrimination information for sorting
Trait grade and taste are detected. That is, a receiving step of receiving a grain in the receiving unit and performing a receiving process of weighing the received grain, and a drying process of performing a drying process on the received grain in a state where the grain is sorted based on the discrimination information for sorting. The steps and a storage step of storing the dried grains are sequentially performed. On the other hand, in a state in which the sample grain is collected from the grain before being received in the receiving section, or from the grain before being subjected to the weighing after being received in the receiving section, and the collected sample grain is not subjected to the drying process. In, sample grain
After measuring the total weight of the product and hulling, the weight of brown rice is
Measures and distributes sample grain to appearance grade meter and taste meter
Then, by performing predetermined measurement in parallel with them , the trait quality and taste as the discrimination information for the sorting are detected.

[0010] Therefore, sample grains are collected from the grain before being received by the receiving section or from the grain before being measured after being received by the receiving section, and the discrimination information for sorting is obtained without drying. As a result, the classification information for sorting is detected while the processing in the receiving step is being performed on the grain after the sample grain is collected, and the drying process requires a long time. Since the discrimination time itself is short because it is not performed, the waiting time for the detection result of the discrimination information as described above can be completed as short as possible, and the processing such as the receiving step and the drying step for the grain can be performed. In execution, it has become possible to improve the time efficiency of such processing.

[0011]

Further, according to the characterizing feature of claim 1, is detected trait quality grain as the discrimination information by visual quality meter, grain is sorted on the basis of that trait quality detection information. In the case of rice grains as an example of cereal grains, depending on the maturity of the grains, immature grains (good enough grains) or dead rice It is expressed by the degree of mixing of (unsatisfactory grains) and the like. Processing can be performed by sorting grains having different trait grades, for example, different degrees of mixing of different grains.

Furthermore, according to the characterizing feature of claim 1, cereal taste is detected as the distinguishing information by taste meter grain is sorted based on the detection information of the taste. In the case of rice grains, for example, as an example of cereals, the taste has a correlation with the sensory value of cooking and eating. In this way, it is possible to sort and process the grains having different tastes, for example, to mix and ship those having different tastes at a set ratio, or to ship grains having different tastes separately, such as for subsequent grains. It will be easier to manage.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a grain processing facility, comprising: a receiving section for receiving a grain in a receiving section and performing a receiving process for measuring the received grain; and a sorting section for receiving the grain. In the one provided with a drying unit that performs a drying process in a state of being sorted based on the discrimination information, and a storage unit that stores the dried grain, the grain before receiving the receiving unit, or received in the receiving unit after the sample grains taken from a previous grain metering is performed, for the collected samples grains, while not performing the drying process, the sample
After measuring the total weight of grain and hulling, the weight of brown rice
And distribute the sample grain to the appearance grade meter and the taste meter.
In addition, by performing predetermined measurements in parallel,
A discriminating information detecting means for detecting a trait grade and a taste as the discriminating information for the sorting is provided.

Therefore, it is possible to discriminate the grains before receiving them into the receiving section or the sample grains collected from the grains before being measured after receiving them in the receiving section without sorting them for drying. Since the information is detected, the discrimination information detecting means performs the detection of the discrimination discrimination information while the processing in the receiving step is being performed on the grain after the sample grain is collected, In addition, since the discriminating operation can be performed in a short time without performing a long-time drying process, the waiting time for the detection result of the discrimination information as described above can be minimized, and the grain receiving process can be performed. Thus, it has become possible to provide a grain processing facility capable of performing the grain processing in each of the drying step and the storage step in a time-efficient manner with little waste time.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the grain processing equipment according to the second aspect , the discrimination information detecting means starts the weighing process of the grain from which the sample grain is collected in the load receiving unit. By this time, the detection operation is finished.

For example, in a configuration in which the detection operation is completed after the measurement process is performed, it is necessary to store and wait in the storage means until the detection operation is completed. However, since the detection operation has been completed by the time the weighing process is started as described above, the weighing process can be started without waiting time, and after the weighing process is completed, the storage operation is completed. The drying process can be performed immediately without performing the drying process, and the time efficiency can be further improved.

[0018]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A grain processing facility according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the grain processing equipment includes a receiving section A in which a grain receiving process performed by a supplier is performed, a drying section B in which a grain drying process is performed, and a storage for storing dried grains. It is configured to include a section C, a grain hulling adjustment section D, a shipping section E for shipping grains, and the like. The receiving section A includes a receiving hopper 1 as a receiving section for receiving cereals, a receiving conveyor 2 for laterally feeding cereals from the receiving hopper 1, a first lifting conveyor 3 for discharging cereals, and a flow rate adjustment for temporarily storing cereals. A tank 4, a roughing machine 5 for removing foreign matter such as straw waste from grains,
It comprises two sets of load receiving weighing machines 6 and the like for weighing the grains discharged from the roughing machine 5. The drying unit B includes a plurality of storage bins 8 for temporary storage, each of which is provided with two sets corresponding to the two sets of the reception unit A, in order to store grains supplied from the reception unit A, A dryer k and the like for performing a drying process on the grains supplied from the storage bin 8 are provided. The storage unit C is provided with a plurality of silos 9 for storing dried grains, and the hulling adjustment unit D is provided with an adjustment tank 10, a selection machine 11, a weighing machine 12 for sale, a hulling adjustment device 13 , A stone removal machine 14 and the like are provided, and a shipping adjustment tank 15, shipping weighing machines 16 and 17,
A plurality of shipping tanks 18 and the like are provided. Although not shown, these machines use the internal space of the building,
It is arranged three-dimensionally (multi-layer floor type).

Next, a transport route for transporting grain in this facility will be described. The receiving hopper 1
Of the undried grain from the receiving conveyor 2
After being transported in the horizontal direction by the first conveyor 3
After being transported to the upper part by the above, temporarily stored in the flow rate adjusting tank 4 and foreign matter such as straw chips mixed therein by the roughing machine 5, it is weighed by the load receiving weighing machine 6. . If the function of the flow rate adjusting tank 4 is explained, the weighing machine for receiving 6 is configured as a so-called batch type weighing machine, so that the weighing machine for receiving 6 temporarily stores grains therein during weighing. State. Therefore, the next measurement cannot be performed unless the grain received for measurement is discharged. Therefore, by providing two storage sections in the flow rate adjusting tank 4 and storing the grain in the other storage section while one of the storage sections is performing the weighing operation, the grain received earlier Even if the weighing is not completed, the next receiving process can be started, and the efficiency of the receiving process can be improved. However, when the receiving amount is large, there is a case where the two receiving units store the grain in the same receiving destination in a state of being distributed. The weighed grains discharged from the receiving weighing machine 6 are lifted upward by the second lifting conveyor 7 and stored in one of the storage bins 8 via the relay conveyor 19 and the moving conveyor 20. become.
The grains stored in the storage bins 8 are selectively opened by separately opening shutters 21 provided at a discharge portion at a lower end portion of each storage bin 8 and discharged from the lower end portions thereof. And transported upward by the third transport conveyor 23, and further transported by the transport conveyor 24 to a position near a silo or a drying unit,
The switching valve 25 can switch between sending to the dryer k and sending to the storage process. The dryer k
In the case where the grain is sent to the drying machine k, the cereal delivered by the fourth delivering conveyor 26 is put into the dryer k. In the case where the grain is sent to the storage step, the grain is delivered by the fifth delivering conveyor 27.
The switching valve 28 switches between transport to the storage bin 8 and transport to the silo 9. The cereal discharged from the lower end of the dryer k is switched by the switching valve 29 between the state in which the cereal is introduced into the dryer k again and the state in which the grain is returned to the start end of the fifth conveyor 27. When the grain is sent to the storage step, the grain is selectively supplied to one of the silos 9 by the upper conveyor 30. Silo 9
The grain discharged from the lower end portion is discharged to the drying transport conveyor 32 for returning to the fourth lifting conveyor 26 for drying by the switching valve 31 or the shipping transport conveyor 33a for transporting to the shipping process. , 33b.

The switching valve 31 is switched so as to convey to the shipping process, and the rotary valves 34 provided separately at the lower end of the silo 9 are operated, whereby the first shipping conveyor 33a and the second shipping Conveyor 3
The grain discharged from 3b is conveyed to the selection machine 11 or the weighing machine 12 for sale via the flow control tank 10. However, the grain discharged from the selection machine 11 can be transported to the weighing machine 12 for sale. The grain weighed by the weighing machine 12 for sale is
After being lifted by the sixth lifting conveyor 35, the hulling adjustment device 1
3. However, a switching valve 36 is provided at the terminal end of the sixth lifting conveyor 35, and the grains pumped by the sixth lifting conveyor 35 can be returned to the silo 9 from the horizontal transportation conveyor 37 at the upper part of the silo 9. It has become.

The grains discharged from the hulling adjusting device 13 are as follows:
It is lifted upward by the seventh lifting conveyor 38 via the quarrying machine 14 and transported via the switching valve 39 to the adjustment tank 15 of the shipping weighing machine 16 or another shipping weighing machine 17. It has become. The grains discharged from the shipping weighing machine 17 are lifted upward by an eighth lifting conveyor 40, and are sorted into a plurality of shipping tanks 18 by a predetermined amount via a horizontal transportation conveyor 41. It is designed to be stored in the state where it was done. The grain discharged from the shipping tank 18 is discharged from the shipping transport conveyor 42 to a loading platform of a transport truck or the like and shipped.

A blower 45 is provided at the lower end of the storage bin 8 for blowing air into the storage space in a state shared by a plurality of storage bins. The blower 45 discharges the internal air from above the storage bin 8 to the outside. A suction type exhaust fan 46 is provided.

In this grain processing facility, when a supplier puts in grain, the receptionist U first completes the reception processing, and then puts the grain in the receiving hopper 1. And in this grain processing equipment, it is constituted so that the drying process may be performed by the dryer k in a state of being sorted based on the discrimination information for sorting, and before receiving into the receiving hopper 1, that is, after receiving. Quality judging device as discriminating information detecting means for collecting discriminating sample as a sample grain from the grain to be put in, and detecting discriminating information for sorting without performing a drying process on the collected sample paddy. F is provided.

Next, the quality judging device F will be described. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, an input port 48 into which the sample paddy collected from the grain is input and a touch panel 49 for an artificial operation are provided on the front of the apparatus.
Cell 50 for detecting the total weight of sample paddy flowing down from the container, hulling machine 51 for hulling the sample paddy, load cell 52 for measuring the weight of brown rice after hulling, trait quality of the sample paddy, for example, immature Appearance grade meter 53 for measuring appearance grades such as grains, damaged grains, dead rice, coloring, cracks in the body, etc., taste gauge 54 for judging the taste of sample paddy, grain sorter 55 for sorting grain, grain sorting machine, Load cell 56 for measuring the weight of
And a transport unit 57 for transporting and transporting the paddy between them. As shown in FIG. 4, a rotary valve 58 whose operation time can be changed and adjusted is provided at the input port 48.
Is provided, and a set amount of sample paddy can be supplied from the input paddy, and the set amount can be supplied a plurality of times. Note that the paddy remaining in the input port 48 is discharged to the outside from the discharge unit 60 via the outlet side path by switching the flow path switching valve 59 and can be collected.

Then, as shown in FIG. 5, after the total weight of the sample paddy is measured and hulling is performed, the weight of the brown rice is measured, and the sample paddy is distributed to the appearance quality meter 53 and the taste meter 54. Then, they perform a predetermined measurement in parallel. Those measurement results are input to a control device 61 as described later. Further, the yield is measured from the sieved weight measured after the grain sorting, the brown rice weight, the whole paddy weight, and the like, and this information is also input to the control device 61. In addition, the processing time from the input of the sample paddy to the start of the processing until the measurement results of the appearance quality meter 53 and the taste meter 54 are obtained is about 90 seconds, and further until the yield is measured. About 90
Takes seconds of processing time.

After charging the grain into the receiving hopper 1 and charging the sample paddy into the charging port 48, the supplier receives the identification number (for example, home telephone number) and the target grain at the reception U. Information such as a production lot number (field number, etc.), a variety of cereals, and information on which one of the two receiving hoppers 1 is to be fed are input. Input to the device 61,
Based on the input information, subsequent processing of the grain, quality measurement information, and the like are managed.

FIG. 6 shows a moving state of the grains in the whole grain processing equipment and a flow of various kinds of measurement information.
Grains brought in from a plurality of suppliers (farmers) may differ from each other in quality and moisture content such as the above-mentioned taste, trait grade, etc. Based on the measurement result, the quality of the grain is comprehensively evaluated and sorted, and the subsequent processing such as the drying step is processed under different conditions suitable for each measurement state. The fact that the flow of the grain after the drying step is branched into a plurality in the figure does not mean that the grains are processed in parallel by a plurality of dryers at the same time. Represents. In addition, based on the shipping instruction information that is separately input, the control device 61 ships the grains of different qualities managed separately, respectively, in a state where they are individually shipped, and in a state where they are mixed at a set mixing ratio. In order to control the discharge of the grain from the silo 9, it is configured to be freely switchable, and the drying process and the measurement information of a temperature sensor and a moisture meter (not shown) provided in the silo 9 are displayed on the monitor. It has become.
Further, the detection information and the like in each step are stored as a quality information database for each input information such as a plurality of identification numbers and production lot numbers, and various kinds of information for each supplier are provided to each supplier. Is to be given.

The control device 61 specifically performs the following operation. That is, the state of grain transport in each of the transport conveyors and each of the unloading conveyors, the switching operation of each switching valve, and the storage bin 8
And opening and closing operations of each shutter 21 provided in the silo 9,
A blending process based on the shipping instruction information and a sorting operation for storing grains in a state where the grains are selectively sorted into any one of the plurality of storage bins 8 are executed in a preset order. It is configured to be.

Next, the sorting process for evaluating and sorting the quality of grains will be described. When the supplier inputs the sample paddy collected from the cereal at the reception into the input port 48, inputs the input information, and instructs the touch panel 49 to start measurement, the measurement by the quality determination device F is started. .
After that, the grain is put into the receiving hopper 1 and the conveyance of the grain is started. As shown in FIG. 7, it takes about 60 seconds to process the grain, and the time required to transport the grain from the receiving hopper 1 to the roughing machine 5 is about 90 seconds. is there. As described above, the time required for the measurement of the taste, trait quality, and moisture by the quality determination device F is about 90 seconds, so that the determination operation by the quality determination device F is the weighing operation by the receiving weighing machine 6. It will end before it starts.

The measurement information of taste, trait grade and water measured by the quality judging device F is transmitted to the control device 61 as soon as the measurement is completed. Then, the control device 61, based on the measurement information of the taste, trait quality, and moisture, among the plurality of storage bins 8, the storage bin 8 in which a grain is to be stored.
Is selected, and at this time, the weighing by the load receiving weighing machine 6 is started. When the weighing is completed, the weighing information is transmitted to the control device 61. In addition, the selection of the storage bin 8 by the control device 61 is, specifically, moving the whole of the moving conveyor 20 provided on the upper part of the storage bin 8 in the horizontal direction so that the grain discharging position (the lower end in the transport direction) is changed. By adjusting the position of the storage bin 8 so as to be positioned above the selected storage bin 8. The moving conveyor 20 can freely switch the transport direction between forward and reverse, so that the discharge position can be selectively adjusted for any of the storage bins 8 while reducing the amount of lateral movement.

Thereafter, the grain is discharged from the storage bin 8 and transported to the dryer k to perform the drying process. At this time, based on the moisture information measured by the quality determination device F, While drying under appropriate conditions,
When the drying is completed, in a state managed on the basis of the input information, any of the silos 9 is stored, and
Shipping processing will be performed.

[Other Embodiments] (1) In the above embodiment, the sampling of the sample paddy is performed after the reception processing is performed at the reception and before the grain is put into the receiving hopper 1. The method is not limited to such a method, and the sampling may be performed immediately after being charged into the load receiving hopper 1 or during the transport from the load receiving hopper 1 to the flow control tank 4. However, the determination information may be obtained before the sorting is performed based on the quality information.

(2) In the above embodiment, the measurement of taste, trait quality, moisture, etc. by the quality discriminating apparatus is completed before the weighing by the receiving weighing machine is started. However, the present invention is not limited to such a method. Instead, the measurement may be completed before the transfer to the storage bin is started after the measurement is started.

(3) In the above-described embodiment, in the receiving process, the storage is temporarily stored in the storage bin after the weighing by the receiving weighing machine is completed. However, the present invention is not limited to such a configuration. Alternatively, the processing may be executed so as to directly proceed to the drying step in a state managed based on the discrimination information.

(4) In the above embodiment, the taste, trait grade, and water information are measured as the discrimination information. However, the sorting of the grains is performed based on any one of the information. Alternatively, only any two of these pieces of information may be measured, and the determination may be made based on information other than taste, trait quality, and moisture.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a receiving process, a drying process, and a storage process of a grain processing facility.

FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a hulling adjustment process and a shipping process of a grain processing facility.

FIG. 3 is a front view of the quality judgment device.

FIG. 4 is a side view of the quality judgment device.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a quality determination device.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the flow of grains and information in a grain processing facility.

FIG. 7 is a time chart for the sorting process.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Receiving part A Receiving part B Drying part C Storage part F Discrimination information detecting means

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI A23B 9/00 A23B 9/00 B02B 1/02 B02B 1/02 G01N 33/10 G01N 33/10 (56) References JP 3-201941 (JP, A) JP-A-2-126132 (JP, A) JP-A-60-23773 (JP, A) JP-A-7-68188 (JP, A) JP-A-3-85840 (JP, A) U) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F26B 17 / 14,25 / 00 A01F 25 / 00,25 / 14

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] A receiving step of receiving a cereal in a receiving unit and weighing the received cereal; and a drying process in which the received cereal is sorted on the basis of sorting determination information. And a storage step of storing the dried cereal, wherein the cereal before receiving in the receiving unit, or before the weighing after receiving in the receiving unit respect of the sample grain were taken from cereals, sample grain were the collected line drying process
Do not know, after measuring the total weight of sample grain and hulling
In addition, measure the weight of brown rice
And then perform predetermined measurements in parallel.
Trait grade and discrimination information for sorting
And a grain processing method for detecting taste and taste . 2. The cereal is received in a receiving section, and the cereal is received.
A receiving unit that performs a receiving process for weighing grain, and a receiving process
Processed grain based on discrimination information for sorting
A drying section that performs a drying process in a sorted state,
A grain processing facility having a storage unit for storing grains.
The grain before receiving it in the receiving part, or receiving the grain in the receiving part.
Taken from the grain before weighing
The sample grain is dried by drying the sample grain.
Without performing the experiment, measure the total weight of the sample grain
After weighing the brown rice, the sample grain is
And a taste meter, and they are measured in parallel.
Traits as sorting information for sorting
Provided with discrimination information detection means for detecting the position and taste.
Grain processing equipment. 3. The discriminating information detecting means, wherein the cereal from which the sample cereal is collected is sent to the receiving part.
Before the weighing process is started,
3. The cereal treatment of claim 2, wherein the cereal treatment is configured to terminate.
Facility.