JPH111113A - Air conditioner for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize a more comfortable air conditioning state by arbitrarily setting a target thermal sense, estimating a target compartment temperature so that actual thermal sense may be a target sense set value, regardless of changes of external conditions, and controlling an actual compartment temperature to be the target compartment temperature. SOLUTION: A target PMV(predicted mean vote) is set from a PMV setting device capable of arbitrarily setting a PMV value of a thermal sense index and is inputted. Signals 53, 54 and 55 of a PMV set value, an atmospheric temperature and amount of solar radiation are inputted in a compartment temperature target value arithmetic means 56 and a target compartment temperature corresponding to the PMV set value is calculated and estimated. A target blow temperature is calculated by a target blow temperature arithmetic means 58 by an estimated value of this target compartment temperature, signals 54, 55 of the atmospheric temperature and amount of solar radiation and a signal value 57 of the compartment temperature. The number of revolutions of an air blower, an air mix damper opening and suction pressure of a compressor are controlled so that a blow temperature may be the target blow temperature. Thus, an air conditioning state of comfortable thermal sense can be realized.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air conditioner for a vehicle, and more particularly to a vehicle air conditioner which can set a passenger's thermal sensation arbitrarily and accurately control a vehicle interior temperature to a target value so as to obtain a comfortable thermal sensation. And a vehicle air conditioner capable of creating an extremely comfortable air conditioner.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional vehicle air conditioner is configured as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, for example. In FIG.
Reference numeral 1 denotes the entire mechanical components of the vehicle air conditioner. At the inlet side of the ventilation duct 2, the amount of air suction from the inside air inlet 3 and the amount of air suction from the outside air inlet 4 are set. Is provided. The sucked air is sucked and pressure-fed inside the duct 2 by a blower 7 driven by a motor 6.

An evaporator 8 as a cooler is provided downstream of the blower 7, and a hot water heater 9 as a heater is provided downstream of the evaporator 8. The hot water heater 9 has
The engine cooling water 10 is circulated and heated.

[0004] A refrigerant circulated in the cooler cycle 11 is supplied to the evaporator 8. The refrigerant is compressed by, for example, a variable capacity compressor (compressor) 12 and
After being condensed in 3, it is sent to the evaporator 8 via the reservoir tank 14 and the expansion valve 15, and is sucked into the compressor 12 from the evaporator 8. This suction pressure is controlled by the suction pressure controller 16.
Can be controlled arbitrarily.

[0005] An air mix damper 17 is provided immediately downstream of the hot water heater 9. The amount of air passing through the heater 9 is adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the air mix damper 17 operated by the air mix damper actuator 18. And the amount of bypass air can be controlled.

The temperature-controlled air is supplied to each of the outlets 19, 20,
21 (for example, DEF, VENT, FOOT outlet)
Is blown out into the vehicle interior. Each outlet 19, 20,
21 is provided with dampers 22, 23 and 24, respectively.

The voltage (rotation speed) of the motor 6 of the blower 7, the air mix damper actuator 18, and the suction pressure controller 16 of the compressor 12 are controlled based on signals from a main controller 25. The main controller 25 includes a vehicle interior temperature setting device 2
The target vehicle interior temperature set by 6 is input and set, and detection signals from the vehicle interior temperature sensor 27, the outside air temperature sensor 28, and the solar radiation sensor 29 are respectively input.

In the main controller 25, for example, as shown in FIG. 9, a target vehicle interior temperature TV set by a vehicle interior temperature setting device 26, an outside air temperature AMB detected by an outside air temperature sensor 28, and a solar radiation sensor 29 are detected. The sunshine amount RAD and the vehicle interior temperature TR detected by the vehicle interior temperature sensor 27 are input, respectively. Based on these input signals, the target outlet temperature TOs is calculated by the following equation. TOs = Kp1 (TR-TV) + f (AMB, RAD,
TV) Here, Kp1 is a proportionality constant.

Further, the heater inlet air temperature TINh is calculated according to the conditions when the compressor is ON and when it is OFF. When the compressor is ON: TINh = f (TINe, BLV, PS) When the compressor is OFF: TINh = TINe where TINe is the cooler inlet air temperature, BLV is the blower (blower) voltage signal value, and PS is the compressor suction pressure. is there.

Further, the cooler inlet air temperature TINe is set to TINe = AMB when outside air is introduced, and TINe = TR when inside air is introduced.

On the basis of these calculated values, the blower voltage B
LV is calculated by BLV = f (TOs), and the opening AM of the air mix damper 17 is calculated.
D is calculated by AMD = f (TOs, TINh, TW), and the compressor suction pressure PS is calculated by PS = f (TOs, BLV, TINe). Here, TW is a heater inlet hot water temperature.

Based on such calculations, the blower voltage signal is sent to the blower voltage controller 30, the air mix damper position signal is sent to the air mix damper actuator 18,
The compressor suction pressure signal is supplied to the suction pressure controller 16.
The rotation speed of the blower 7, the opening degree of the air mix damper 17, and the suction pressure of the compressor 12 are respectively controlled.

That is, in such conventional control, the target value of the temperature in the vehicle compartment itself is set, and the air flow rate is set so that the vehicle interior temperature detected by the vehicle interior temperature detecting means is the same as the target value. The amount of heating, the amount of cooling, etc. were adjusted. The amount of heating can be adjusted, for example, in a heater using engine cooling water and using the engine exhaust heat as a heat source, when adjusting the air flow rate passing through the heater, or when adjusting the engine cooling water passing through the heater. In some cases, the flow rate is adjusted. For example, in a heater using a heat pump, the capacity such as the number of revolutions of a compressor may be adjusted. In addition, the amount of cooling is adjusted by adjusting the capacity of the compressor such as the number of revolutions of the compressor during the cooler cycle, and by adjusting the opening degree of the refrigerant throttle valve (evaporation pressure adjusting valve, etc.) between the evaporator and the compressor during the cooler cycle. May be adjusted.

In the case of the control as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the control characteristics are as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 10A, the air outlet temperature is controlled so that the vehicle interior temperature becomes a target value. For example, even when the temperature changes from the presence of solar radiation to the absence of solar radiation, the vehicle interior temperature becomes the target value. The outlet temperature is controlled to change.

[0015] However, the main factors that affect the thermal sensation of a person are the metabolic rate, the amount of clothing, the air temperature, the radiation temperature, the air flow, and the humidity. Of these, regarding metabolism, the amount of occupant activity during boarding the vehicle does not differ significantly, and humidity does not significantly affect comfort under environmental conditions near comfort without sweating, etc. It greatly affects the thermal comfort of the occupants. Therefore, factors relating to the thermal sensation of the vehicle occupant include not only the temperature inside the vehicle but also the amount of air blown by the airflow, the amount of solar radiation and the outside air temperature related to the radiation temperature, and the outside air temperature related to the amount of clothes. Therefore, in the case of the air conditioner that keeps the vehicle interior temperature constant as described above, the user may feel uncomfortable depending on the outside air temperature and the amount of solar radiation, and cannot maintain a comfortable feeling. To correct it, frequent change of set values is required.

A representative index indicating the thermal sensation of a person is a PMV value (predicted meanvote). IS
In O7730, this PMV is defined as follows. PMV +3 +2 +1 0 -1 -2 -3 warmth hot warm slightly warm neutral slightly cool cool cold

In the case of the conventional air conditioner described above, for example, it is as shown in FIG. In other words, the target value of the PMV changes between the case where there is solar radiation and the case where there is no solar radiation. However, as described above, only the control is performed so that the vehicle interior temperature becomes the target value without considering the PMV value. The value cannot follow such a change, and the PVM value may deviate from the target value and may be uncomfortable.

[0018]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to focus on the above-mentioned problems and to make it possible to arbitrarily set a target value of a thermal sensation, and to provide a vehicle for achieving the set thermal sensation. An object of the present invention is to realize a more comfortable air-conditioning state by calculating a target value of the interior temperature and controlling the actual vehicle interior temperature to approach the target value.

An air conditioning control disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H8-25941 is known as a conventional technique for controlling the temperature in the vehicle compartment. And a target room temperature calculated from the airflow, the amount of clothing, the amount of radiation, and the like, and is basically different from the control in the present invention.

[0020]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an air conditioner for a vehicle, comprising: a blower for blowing air into a vehicle interior through a ventilation duct; A cooler and / or a heater that heats the air by cooling the air by exchanging heat with the air, and a ventilation duct outlet air according to the degree of cooling of the cooler and / or the degree of heating of the heater An air conditioner for a vehicle, comprising: an outlet air temperature adjusting means for adjusting a temperature; an air volume adjusting means for adjusting an air volume of the blower; and a cabin temperature detecting means for detecting a cabin temperature.
Thermal sensation setting means for arbitrarily setting a target value of a thermal sensation index representing a thermal sensation; (b) a thermal sensation set value by the thermal sensation setting means; and an air volume corresponding to an adjustment amount of the air volume adjusting means. A room temperature control unit that calculates a target value of the vehicle interior temperature with reference to the adjustment amount, and controls the outlet air temperature adjustment unit and / or the air volume adjustment unit so that the vehicle interior temperature approaches the target value; It is characterized by having.

In this vehicle air conditioner, at least the motor voltage of the blower or a state quantity corresponding to the motor voltage of the blower is used as the air volume adjustment amount referred to by the indoor temperature control means to calculate the target value of the vehicle interior temperature. Can be used.

The vehicle air conditioner according to a second aspect of the present invention includes at least a blower that blows air into a passenger compartment through a ventilation duct, and a heat exchanger that exchanges heat with air in the ventilation duct. A cooler for cooling air and / or a heater for heating air; outlet air temperature adjusting means for adjusting the air temperature of the ventilation duct outlet according to the degree of cooling of the cooler and / or the degree of heating of the heater; A vehicle air conditioner comprising: a solar radiation amount detecting means for detecting an amount and / or an outside air temperature detecting means for detecting an outside air temperature; and a cabin temperature detecting means for detecting a cabin temperature.
(A) a thermal sensation setting unit that can arbitrarily set a target value of a thermal sensation index representing a thermal sensation; (b) a thermal sensation set value by the thermal sensation setting unit; the amount of solar radiation and / or the outside air Indoor temperature control means for calculating the target value of the vehicle interior temperature with reference to the temperature and controlling the outlet air temperature adjusting means so as to bring the vehicle interior temperature close to the target value. Consists of

In this vehicle air conditioner, when the outlet air temperature adjusting means calculates the target value of the vehicle interior temperature, it is assumed that the occupant's clothes are correlated with the outside air temperature. Can be.

Further, in these vehicle air conditioners,
In the indoor temperature control unit, the adjustment of the outlet air temperature adjusting unit is performed using an arithmetic operation including at least a proportional control or an arithmetic operation including an integral control regarding a deviation between the target value of the vehicle interior temperature and the vehicle interior temperature. be able to. Further, it can be assumed that the target value of the vehicle interior temperature in the interior temperature control means is calculated by the following calculation. TV = aTC + bAMB + cRAD + dBLV
+ E Here, TV: target value of vehicle interior temperature, TC: set value of thermal sensation, AMB: outside air temperature, RAD: solar radiation amount, BLV: blower air volume adjustment amount, a to e: constant.

That is, the main control of the vehicle air conditioner according to the first aspect can be represented, for example, as a control flow 41 shown in FIG. For example, it can be represented as a control flow 42 shown in FIG.

In such a vehicle air conditioner, first, since the target value of the thermal sensation index can be set arbitrarily, it can be set according to the situation at that time, or based on the occupant's own sense criteria or the occupant's current state. Accordingly, it is possible to set the optimal thermal sensation target value to be controlled.

Then, the target vehicle interior temperature is estimated by calculation so that the actual thermal sensation can reach the above-mentioned thermal sensation set value, and each section adjusting means controls so that the actual vehicle interior temperature approaches the target vehicle interior temperature. Is done. Therefore, it is possible to control the actual vehicle interior temperature to an optimal target vehicle interior temperature in consideration of the set value of thermal sensation without being influenced by external conditions, and it cannot be obtained only by simple vehicle interior temperature control. , Comfortable air conditioning can be realized.

Further, since the target vehicle interior temperature is estimated so as to obtain the target thermal sensation in accordance with the change of the external condition (state quantity), frequent change of the set value is not required at all, and it is easy. The vehicle interior temperature and the thermal sensation state are accurately and accurately controlled.

[0029]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of a vehicle air conditioner according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 3 shows a system diagram of a vehicle air conditioner according to one embodiment of the present invention. Since the hardware device system is substantially the same as that shown in FIG. 8, the description is omitted by attaching the same reference numerals as those given in FIG. In the present embodiment, P as a thermal sensation setting device that can arbitrarily set a PMV value as a thermal sensation index in the main controller 51.
From the MV setter 52, the target PM as the thermal sensation target value
V is set and input. In this embodiment, PMV is used as the thermal sensation index, but other than PMV, for example, there are also so-called operating temperature, equivalent temperature, effective temperature, and new effective temperature, and any of these is adopted. It is also possible.

In the main controller 51, PM
The target value of the vehicle interior temperature corresponding to the value set by the V setting device 52 is estimated by calculation. Then, the blower voltage, the heating amount, and the cooling amount are adjusted so that the actual vehicle interior temperature approaches the target value.

This control is performed, for example, as shown in FIG. The signal 5 of the set value TP by the PMV setting device 52, the outside air temperature AMB detected by the outside air temperature sensor 28, and the solar radiation amount RAD detected by the solar radiation sensor 29
3, 54, and 55 are input to a vehicle interior temperature target value calculating means 56 as a means for calculating a vehicle interior temperature target value, and the means 56 estimates the target vehicle interior temperature corresponding to the PMV set value by calculation. Is done. The target vehicle interior temperature corresponding to this PMV set value is a PMV set value TP, an outside air temperature A
MB, solar radiation RAD, blower (blower) voltage signal value BL
V is derived from V, and the operation is, for example, according to the following equation. TV = aTC + bAMB + cRAD + dBLV
+ E Here, the meaning of each symbol is as described above. The blower voltage signal value BLV is a current operating voltage signal value, that is, a previous calculated value. A to e are constants,
Among them, the constant b is a coefficient in a case where the clothing thermal resistance CLO uniquely has a relationship shown in FIG. 5 with respect to the outside air temperature. That is, b · AMB = b ₁ · CLO + b ₂ · AMB However, CLO = b ₃ · AMB, so that there is a relationship of b = b ₁ · b ₃ + b ₂ .

The estimated value TV of the target vehicle interior temperature, the signal values AMB and RAD from each sensor and the vehicle interior sensor 2
The target outlet temperature calculating means 58 calculates the target outlet temperature TOs using the signal value 57 of the vehicle interior temperature TR detected by the controller 7. The calculation includes, for example, target vehicle interior temperature TV, outside air temperature AMB, solar radiation amount RAD, vehicle interior temperature T
This is performed by the following equation with reference to R. TOs = Kp2 · [(TV-TR) + I _n] + g · AM
Here B + h · RAD + i · TR + j, Kp2 is a proportional constant, I _n denotes the integral control term. g, h, i, and j are constants, respectively. Here, I _n = I _n-1 + (Δt / Ki) · (TV-TR). Here, Δt is a control cycle, and Ki is a constant.

The blower voltage BLV is calculated by the blower voltage calculating means 59 by using the result of the target blowout temperature calculation. This calculation is performed, for example, as shown in FIG.

The heater inlet air temperature TINh is calculated by the heater inlet air temperature calculating means 60 according to the conditions when the compressor is ON and when it is OFF. When the compressor is ON: TINh = f (TINe, BLV, PS) When the compressor is OFF: TINh = TINe where TINe is the cooler inlet air temperature, BLV is the blower (blower) voltage signal value, and PS is the compressor suction pressure. is there. Note that PS is estimated from the current suction pressure control calculation value.

The cooler inlet air temperature TINe is determined by the cooler inlet air temperature determining means 61 as TINe = AMB when outside air is introduced, and TIN when inside air is introduced.
e = TR.

The opening AMD of the air mix damper 17 is
The air mixing damper opening calculating means 62 calculates AMD = f (TOs, TINh, TW), adjusts the blow-out temperature to TOs, and calculates the compressor suction pressure PS by the compressor suction pressure calculating means 63. = F (TOs, BLV, TINe), and the outlet temperature is adjusted to be TOs. Here, TW is a heater inlet hot water temperature.

Based on such calculations, the blower voltage signal is sent to the blower voltage controller 30, the air mix damper position signal is sent to the air mix damper actuator 18,
The compressor suction pressure signal is supplied to the suction pressure controller 16.
The rotation speed of the blower 7, the opening degree of the air mix damper 17, and the suction pressure of the compressor 12 are respectively controlled.

In the above description, the adjustment of the opening degree of the air mix damper is the adjustment of the heating amount of the heater, and the adjustment of the compressor suction pressure is the adjustment of the cooling amount of the cooler.
When TOs> TINe, air mix damper, TOs
When <TINe, the outlet temperature is adjusted by the compressor suction pressure. The adjustment of the compressor suction pressure is achieved by controlling the compressor discharge capacity (or the compressor rotation speed) by the suction pressure controller 16.

With the above control, the actual control characteristics are as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, for example.
That is, as shown in FIG. 7A, the blowout temperature is controlled, and the vehicle interior temperature is controlled, for example, in response to a change in conditions between the presence and absence of solar radiation. At this time, instead of controlling the vehicle interior temperature to be a constant target value irrespective of a change in conditions as in the related art, a target calculated so as to achieve the PMV target value set by the PMV setting device is achieved. In order to approach the vehicle interior temperature, that is, in the illustrated control example,
Under the condition of no solar radiation, the temperature is automatically controlled to a slightly higher vehicle interior temperature. As a result, as shown in FIG. 7 (b), the vehicle interior temperature is controlled such that the actual PMV value becomes the PMV target value regardless of the above-mentioned condition change between the presence and absence of solar radiation, and the vehicle is comfortable. An air-conditioning state with a warm feeling is realized. Further, since the control automatically follows the change in the condition, frequent change of the set value is not required at all.

In the vehicle air conditioner according to the present invention,
The PMV value specified in ISO7730 is approximately-
It is sufficient if the target value can be set in the range of 2.0 to +2.0. The PMV value may be displayed on the PMV setting device and set as it is. However, if it is possible to display and set the temperature value in degrees Celsius in correspondence with the PMV value, it is uncomfortable with the temperature setting device of the conventional vehicle air conditioner. Does not occur. For example,
A Celsius temperature value Ts calculated by the following relational expression between the Celsius temperature and the PMV value under standard conditions (outside air temperature 20 to 30 ° C., no solar radiation, minimum blower air volume) can be displayed and set. Ts = K × PMV + 25 (K is 3 to 5)

[0041]

As described above, according to the vehicle air conditioner of the present invention, the target thermal sensation can be set arbitrarily, and the actual thermal sensation can be set to the target thermal irrespective of changes in external conditions. Estimate the target cabin temperature so that it becomes the feeling set value,
It is possible to control the actual vehicle interior temperature so as to approach the target vehicle interior temperature, and it is possible to achieve an extremely comfortable air-conditioning state without an operation such as setting change.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a basic concept of the invention according to claim 1;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a basic concept of the invention according to claim 2;

FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vehicle air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating an example of control of the vehicle air conditioner of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram of clothing thermal resistance in the control of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a characteristic diagram of a fan voltage used for a fan voltage calculation in the control of FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a characteristic diagram showing a characteristic example obtained as a result of the control of FIG. 4;

FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram of a conventional vehicle air conditioner.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing an example of control of the vehicle air conditioner of FIG.

FIG. 10 is a characteristic diagram showing a characteristic example obtained as a result of the control of FIG. 9;

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 air conditioner 2 ventilation duct 5 inside / outside air switching damper 6 motor 7 blower 8 evaporator as cooler 9 hot water heater as heater 11 cooler cycle 12 compressor 13 condenser 16 suction pressure controller 17 air mix damper 18 air mix damper Actuator 19, 20, 21 Air outlet 22, 23, 24 Damper 27 Car interior temperature sensor 28 Outside air temperature sensor 29 Solar radiation sensor 30 Blower voltage controller 51 Main controller 52 PMV setter 56 Car interior temperature target value calculation means 58 Target outlet temperature calculation Means 59 Blower voltage calculating means 60 Heater inlet air temperature calculating means 61 Cooler inlet air temperature determining means 62 Air mix damper opening calculating means 63 Compressor suction pressure calculating means

Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI B60H 1/00 101 B60H 1/00 101X

Claims (7)

[Claims] At least a blower for blowing air into a vehicle interior through a ventilation duct, a cooler in the ventilation duct for cooling air by exchanging heat with air, and / or
Or, a heater for heating air, outlet air temperature adjusting means for adjusting the air temperature at the outlet of the ventilation duct according to the degree of cooling of the cooler and / or the degree of heating of the heater, and adjusting the amount of air blown by the blower. In a vehicle air conditioner provided with an air volume adjusting means and a vehicle interior temperature detecting means for detecting a vehicle interior temperature, (a) a thermal sensation setting in which a target value of a thermal sensation index representing a thermal sensation can be arbitrarily set. Means,
(B) The target value of the vehicle interior temperature is calculated by referring to the thermal sensation set value by the thermal sensation setting means and the air flow adjustment amount corresponding to the adjustment amount of the air flow adjustment means, and the vehicle interior temperature is set to the target value. An air conditioner for a vehicle, comprising: an outlet air temperature control unit and / or an indoor temperature control unit that controls the air volume control unit so as to approach the value. 2. A blower for blowing air into a vehicle interior through a ventilation duct, a cooler in the ventilation duct for cooling air by exchanging heat with air, and / or
Or a heater for heating the air, an outlet air temperature adjusting means for adjusting an outlet air temperature of the ventilation duct according to a cooling degree of the cooler and / or a heating degree of the heater, and a solar radiation detection for detecting a solar radiation Means and / or an outside air temperature detecting means for detecting an outside air temperature, and a vehicle interior temperature detecting means for detecting a vehicle interior temperature, wherein (a) a target value of a thermal sensation index representing a thermal sensation is determined. Thermal sensation setting means that can be set arbitrarily; (b) a thermal sensation set value by the thermal sensation setting means;
Or an indoor temperature control unit that calculates a target value of the vehicle interior temperature with reference to the outside air temperature and controls the outlet air temperature adjustment unit so that the vehicle interior temperature approaches the target value. Vehicle air conditioner. 3. The indoor temperature control means uses at least a motor voltage of a blower or a state quantity corresponding thereto as an air volume adjustment amount referred to for calculating the target value of the vehicle interior temperature. A vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1. 4. The indoor temperature control means, wherein the adjustment of the outlet air temperature adjustment means includes a calculation including at least proportional control or an integral control relating to a deviation between a target value of the vehicle interior temperature and the vehicle interior temperature. 3. The air conditioner for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the air conditioning is performed using a calculation. 5. The method according to claim 2, wherein the outlet air temperature adjusting means calculates a target value of the vehicle interior temperature on the assumption that an occupant's clothing amount has a correlation with an outside air temperature.
Vehicle air conditioner. 6. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein a target value of the vehicle interior temperature in the interior temperature control means is calculated by the following calculation. TV = aTC + bAMB + cRAD + dBLV
+ E Here, TV: target value of vehicle interior temperature, TC: set value of thermal sensation, AMB: outside air temperature, RAD: solar radiation amount, BLV: blower air volume adjustment amount, a to e: constant. 7. The air conditioner for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein said thermal sensation setting means comprises means for setting a Celsius temperature value corresponding to said thermal sensation index.