JPH111112A - Air conditioner for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize a more comfortable air conditioning state according to conditions at the time by arbitrarily setting the target value of a thermal sense index showing thermal sense and controlling thermal sense to that a deviation of a thermal sense index estimated value calculated by a compartment temperature and regulated air volume from the thermal sense target value may be eliminated. SOLUTION: A target PMV(predicted mean vote) is set from a PMV setting device 52 capable of arbitrarily setting a PMV value of a thermal sense index and is inputted. Detection signals 53, 54, 55 of an atmospheric temperature, amount of solar radiation and a compartment temperature are inputted in a PMV predictive and arithmetic means 56, and the present PMV value is calculated and estimated. A target blow temperature is calculated by a target blow temperature arithmetic means 57 by this PMV estimated value, each detection signal value and the target PMV. The number of revolutions of an air blower, an air mix damper opening and suction pressure of a compressor are controlled so that the blow temperature may be the target blow temperature. Therefore, an actual PMV value is controlled to be the target PMV, regardless of condition changes, and a comfortable air conditioning state can be realized.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vehicle air conditioner, and more particularly to a vehicle air conditioner which can arbitrarily set a passenger's thermal sensation, and precisely controls a set target thermal sensation to create an extremely comfortable air conditioning state. The present invention relates to an air conditioner for a vehicle that is capable of operating.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional vehicle air conditioner is configured as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, for example. In FIG.
Reference numeral 1 denotes the entire mechanical components of the vehicle air conditioner. At the inlet side of the ventilation duct 2, the amount of air suction from the inside air inlet 3 and the amount of air suction from the outside air inlet 4 are set. Is provided. The sucked air is sucked and pressure-fed inside the duct 2 by a blower 7 driven by a motor 6.

An evaporator 8 as a cooler is provided downstream of the blower 7, and a hot water heater 9 as a heater is provided downstream of the evaporator 8. The hot water heater 9 has
The engine cooling water 10 is circulated and heated.

[0004] A refrigerant circulated in the cooler cycle 11 is supplied to the evaporator 8. The refrigerant is compressed by, for example, a variable capacity compressor (compressor) 12 and
After being condensed in 3, it is sent to the evaporator 8 via the reservoir tank 14 and the expansion valve 15, and is sucked into the compressor 12 from the evaporator 8. This suction pressure is controlled by the suction pressure controller 16.
Can be controlled arbitrarily.

[0005] An air mix damper 17 is provided immediately downstream of the hot water heater 9. The amount of air passing through the heater 9 is adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the air mix damper 17 operated by the air mix damper actuator 18. And the amount of bypass air can be controlled.

The temperature-controlled air is supplied to each of the outlets 19, 20,
21 (for example, DEF, VENT, FOOT outlet)
Is blown out into the vehicle interior. Each outlet 19, 20,
21 is provided with dampers 22, 23 and 24, respectively.

The voltage (rotation speed) of the motor 6 of the blower 7, the air mix damper actuator 18, and the suction pressure controller 16 of the compressor 12 are controlled based on signals from a main controller 25. The main controller 25 includes a vehicle interior temperature setting device 2
The target vehicle interior temperature set by 6 is input and set, and detection signals from the vehicle interior temperature sensor 27, the outside air temperature sensor 28, and the solar radiation sensor 29 are respectively input.

In the main controller 25, for example, as shown in FIG. 9, a target vehicle interior temperature TV set by a vehicle interior temperature setting device 26, an outside air temperature AMB detected by an outside air temperature sensor 28, and a solar radiation sensor 29 are detected. The sunshine amount RAD and the vehicle interior temperature TR detected by the vehicle interior temperature sensor 27 are input, respectively. Based on these input signals, the target outlet temperature TOs is calculated by the following equation. TOs = Kp1 (TR-TV) + f (AMB, RAD,
TV) Here, Kp1 is a proportionality constant.

Further, the heater inlet air temperature TINh is calculated according to the conditions when the compressor is ON and when it is OFF. When the compressor is ON: TINh = f (TINe, BLV, PS) When the compressor is OFF: TINh = TINe where TINe is the cooler inlet air temperature, BLV is the blower (blower) voltage signal value, and PS is the compressor suction pressure. is there.

Further, the cooler inlet air temperature TINe is set to TINe = AMB when outside air is introduced, and TINe = TR when inside air is introduced.

On the basis of these calculated values, the blower voltage B
LV is calculated by BLV = f (TOs), and the opening AM of the air mix damper 17 is calculated.
D is calculated by AMD = f (TOs, TINh, TW), and the compressor suction pressure PS is calculated by PS = f (TOs, BLV, TINe). Here, TW is a heater inlet hot water temperature.

Based on such calculations, the blower voltage signal is sent to the blower voltage controller 30, the air mix damper position signal is sent to the air mix damper actuator 18,
The compressor suction pressure signal is supplied to the suction pressure controller 16.
The rotation speed of the blower 7, the opening degree of the air mix damper 17, and the suction pressure of the compressor 12 are respectively controlled.

That is, in such conventional control, a vehicle interior temperature target value is set, and the air flow rate and the air flow rate are set so that the vehicle interior temperature by the vehicle interior temperature detecting means installed in the vehicle interior becomes equal to the target value. The heating amount, cooling amount, etc. were adjusted. The amount of heating can be adjusted, for example, in a heater using engine cooling water and using the engine exhaust heat as a heat source, when adjusting the air flow rate passing through the heater, or when adjusting the engine cooling water passing through the heater. In some cases, the flow rate is adjusted. For example, in a heater using a heat pump, the capacity such as the number of revolutions of a compressor may be adjusted. In addition, the amount of cooling can be adjusted by adjusting the capacity such as the compressor speed during the cooler cycle,
In some cases, the opening degree of a refrigerant throttle valve (evaporation pressure control valve or the like) between the evaporator and the compressor during the cooler cycle is adjusted.

In the case of the control as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the control characteristics are as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 10A, the air outlet temperature is controlled so that the vehicle interior temperature becomes a target value. For example, even when the temperature changes from the presence of solar radiation to the absence of solar radiation, the vehicle interior temperature becomes the target value. The outlet temperature is controlled to change.

[0015] However, the main factors that affect the thermal sensation of a person are the metabolic rate, the amount of clothing, the air temperature, the radiation temperature, the air flow, and the humidity. Of these, regarding metabolism, the amount of occupant activity during boarding the vehicle does not differ significantly, and humidity does not significantly affect comfort under environmental conditions near comfort without sweating, etc. It greatly affects the thermal comfort of the occupants. Therefore, factors relating to the thermal sensation of the vehicle occupant include not only the temperature inside the vehicle but also the amount of air blown by the airflow, the amount of solar radiation and the outside air temperature related to the radiation temperature, and the outside air temperature related to the amount of clothes. Therefore, in the case of the air conditioner that keeps the vehicle interior temperature constant as described above, the user may feel uncomfortable depending on the outside air temperature and the amount of solar radiation, and cannot maintain a comfortable feeling. To correct it, frequent change of set values is required.

A representative index indicating the thermal sensation of a person is a PMV value (predicted meanvote). IS
In O7730, this PMV is defined as follows. PMV +3 +2 +1 0 -1 -2 -3 warmth hot warm slightly warm neutral slightly cool cool cold

In the case of the conventional air conditioner described above, for example, it is as shown in FIG. In other words, the target value of the PMV changes between when there is solar radiation and when there is no solar radiation. However, as described above, only the control is performed so that the vehicle interior temperature becomes the target value. It may not be able to follow, and the PVM value may deviate from the target value, which may be unpleasant.

[0018]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to focus on the above problems and control the thermal sensation to a target value.
An object of the present invention is to realize a more comfortable air-conditioning state according to the conditions at that time.

As a conventional technique for controlling PMV,
The indoor air-conditioning control disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-215394 is known, but the control as in the present invention is not disclosed, and in particular, no technique for arbitrarily setting a target value of PMV is disclosed. .

[0020]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an air conditioner for a vehicle, comprising: a blower for blowing air into a vehicle interior through a ventilation duct; A cooler and / or a heater that heats the air by cooling the air by exchanging heat with the air, and a ventilation duct outlet air according to the degree of cooling of the cooler and / or the degree of heating of the heater An air conditioner for a vehicle, comprising: an outlet air temperature adjusting means for adjusting a temperature; an air volume adjusting means for adjusting an air volume of the blower; and a cabin temperature detecting means for detecting a cabin temperature.
A thermal sensation target value setting means for arbitrarily setting a target value of a thermal sensation index indicating a thermal sensation; (b) a vehicle interior temperature detected by the vehicle interior temperature detecting means; and adjustment of the air volume adjusting means. A thermal sensation index estimating means for calculating a thermal sensation index estimation value corresponding to the thermal sensation felt by the occupant by referring to the signal corresponding to the amount, and referring to a deviation between the thermal sensation target value and the thermal sensation index estimation value While the outlet air temperature adjusting means, or a thermal sensation control means for controlling the air sensation so as to eliminate the deviation by adjusting the air volume adjusting means and the outlet air temperature adjusting means. Consists of

In this vehicle air conditioner, the thermal sensation index estimating means converts the thermal sensation index estimation value into at least a supply voltage of the blower motor or a state quantity corresponding thereto, and a vehicle interior temperature or a state referring to this. It can be calculated with reference to the quantity.

The vehicle air conditioner according to a second aspect of the present invention includes at least a blower that blows air into a passenger compartment through a ventilation duct, and a heat exchanger that exchanges heat with air in the ventilation duct. A cooler for cooling air and / or a heater for heating air; outlet air temperature adjusting means for adjusting the air temperature of the ventilation duct outlet according to the degree of cooling of the cooler and / or the degree of heating of the heater; A vehicle air conditioner comprising: a solar radiation amount detecting means for detecting an amount and / or an outside air temperature detecting means for detecting an outside air temperature; and a cabin temperature detecting means for detecting a cabin temperature.
(A) a thermal sensation target value setting means capable of arbitrarily setting a target value of a thermal sensation index representing a thermal sensation; (b) a vehicle interior temperature detected by the vehicle interior temperature detecting means; And / or a thermal sensation index estimating means for calculating a thermal sensation index estimation value corresponding to a thermal sensation felt by an occupant with reference to the outside air temperature, and calculating a deviation between the thermal sensation target value and the thermal sensation index estimation value. It is characterized by having a thermal sensation control means for controlling the thermal sensation so as to eliminate the deviation by adjusting the outlet air temperature adjusting means while referring to the temperature.

In this vehicle air conditioner, when the thermal sensation index estimating means calculates the thermal sensation index estimation value, it can be assumed that the occupant's clothing amount is correlated with the outside air temperature. .

Further, in these vehicle air conditioners,
In the thermal sensation control means, the outlet air temperature adjusting means can be adjusted by using an arithmetic operation including a proportional control or an integral control with respect to a deviation between the thermal sensation target value and the thermal sensation index estimation value.

That is, the main control of the vehicle air conditioner according to the first aspect can be represented, for example, as a control flow 41 shown in FIG. For example, it can be represented as a control flow 42 shown in FIG.

In such a vehicle air conditioner, first, since the target value of the thermal sensation index can be set arbitrarily, it can be set according to the situation at that time, or based on the occupant's own sense criteria or the occupant's current state. Accordingly, it is possible to set the optimal thermal sensation target value to be controlled.

Then, the control units are controlled so that the deviation between the target value of the thermal sensation and the estimated value of the thermal sensation index is eliminated so that the actual thermal sensation becomes the target value. Therefore, it is possible to control the actual thermal sensation to an optimum value without being influenced by external conditions, and it is possible to realize a comfortable air-conditioning state that cannot be obtained by merely controlling the temperature in the vehicle interior.

Further, since the current thermal sensation index is estimated according to the change of the external condition (state quantity), frequent change of the set value is not required at all, and the target thermal sensation state can be easily and accurately set. Is controlled.

[0029]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of a vehicle air conditioner according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 3 shows a system diagram of a vehicle air conditioner according to one embodiment of the present invention. Since the hardware device system is substantially the same as that shown in FIG. 8, the description is omitted by attaching the same reference numerals as those shown in FIG. In the present embodiment, a target PMV as a thermal sensation target value is set and input to the main controller 51 from a PMV setting device 52 that can arbitrarily set a PMV value as a thermal sensation index.
In this embodiment, PMV is used as the thermal sensation index. However, other than PMV, for example, there are also indexes called so-called operating temperature, equivalent temperature, effective temperature, and new effective temperature, and any of these is adopted. It is also possible.

In the main controller 51, the current PMV value is estimated (predicted calculation), and this estimated value is
In order to approach the target PMV set by the V setting device 52,
The blower voltage, heating amount and cooling amount are adjusted.

This control is performed, for example, as shown in FIG. The outside air temperature AMB detected by the outside air temperature sensor 28 and the amount of insolation R detected by the insolation sensor 29
The signals 53, 54, 55 of the vehicle interior temperature TR detected by the AD and the vehicle interior sensor 27 are input to a PMV prediction calculation means 56 as a thermal sensation index estimating means, and the current PMV value is calculated by the means 56. Guessed.
This PMV is derived from the outside air temperature AMB, the amount of solar radiation RAD, the vehicle interior temperature TR, and the blower (blower) voltage signal value BLV. PMV = a-TR + b-AMB + c-RAD + d-BL
V + e Here, the blower voltage signal value BLV is the current operating voltage signal value, that is, the previous calculated value. A to e are constants, and among them, the constant b is the clothing thermal resistance CLO,
This is a constant when the relationship shown in FIG. That is, b · AMB = b ₁ · CLO + b ₂ · AMB where CLO = b ₃ · AMB, so that there is a relationship of b = b ₁ · b ₃ + b ₂ .

Using the estimated PMV value, the signal value from each sensor and the target PMV signal TP, the target outlet temperature calculating means 57 calculates the target outlet temperature TOs. The calculation is performed by, for example, the signals TP and PMV of the target PMV.
Referring to the estimated value (PMV), the outside air temperature AMB, the insolation RAD, and the vehicle interior temperature TP, the calculation is performed by the following equation. TOs = Kp2 · [(TP-PMV) + I _n] + g · A
MB + h · RAD + i · TR + j where Kp2 · (TP−PMV) is a proportional control term,
p2 is the proportionality constant. In _denotes an integral control term. g, h, i, and j are constants, respectively. However, it is _{I n = I n-1 +} (Δt / Ki) · (TP-PMV). Here, Δt is a control cycle, and Ki is a constant.

The blower voltage BLV is calculated by the blower voltage calculating means 58 using the target blowout temperature calculation result. This calculation is performed, for example, as shown in FIG.

The heater inlet air temperature TINh is calculated by the heater inlet air temperature calculating means 59 according to the conditions when the compressor is ON and when it is OFF. When the compressor is ON: TINh = f (TINe, BLV, PS) When the compressor is OFF: TINh = TINe where TINe is the cooler inlet air temperature, BLV is the blower (blower) voltage signal value, and PS is the compressor suction pressure. is there. Note that PS is estimated from the current suction pressure control calculation value.

The cooler inlet air temperature TINe is determined by the cooler inlet air temperature determining means 60 as TINe = AMB when outside air is introduced, and TIN when inside air is introduced.
e = TR.

The opening AMD of the air mix damper 17 is
The air mixing damper opening calculating means 61 calculates AMD = f (TOs, TINh, TW) and adjusts the outlet temperature to TOs. The compressor suction pressure PS is calculated by the compressor suction pressure calculating means 62 as PS = F (TOs, BLV, TINe), and the outlet temperature is adjusted to be TOs. Here, TW is a heater inlet hot water temperature.

Based on such calculations, the blower voltage signal is sent to the blower voltage controller 30, the air mix damper position signal is sent to the air mix damper actuator 18,
The compressor suction pressure signal is supplied to the suction pressure controller 16.
The rotation speed of the blower 7, the opening degree of the air mix damper 17, and the suction pressure of the compressor 12 are respectively controlled.

In the above description, the adjustment of the opening degree of the air mix damper is the adjustment of the heating amount of the heater, and the adjustment of the compressor suction pressure is the adjustment of the cooling amount of the cooler.
When TOs> TINe, air mix damper, TOs
When <TINe, the outlet temperature is adjusted by the compressor suction pressure. Adjustment of the compressor suction pressure is achieved by controlling the compressor discharge capacity (or the compressor rotation speed) by the suction pressure controller 16.

With the above control, the actual control characteristics are as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, for example.
That is, as shown in FIG. 7A, the blowout temperature is controlled, and the vehicle interior temperature is controlled, for example, in response to a change in conditions between the presence and absence of solar radiation. At this time, instead of controlling the vehicle interior temperature to be a constant target value regardless of a change in conditions as in the conventional case, the vehicle interior temperature is automatically controlled to a slightly higher vehicle interior temperature under conditions of no solar radiation. . As a result, as shown in FIG. 7B, the actual PMV value is controlled to be the target PMV irrespective of the condition change as described above, and the thermal sensation becomes the target set value regardless of the conditions. Maintained and a comfortable air-conditioning state is realized. Further, since the control automatically follows the change in the condition, frequent change of the set value is not required at all.

In the vehicle air conditioner according to the present invention,
The PMV value specified in ISO7730 is approximately-
It is sufficient if the target value can be set in the range of 2.0 to +2.0. The PMV value may be displayed on the PMV setting device and set as it is. However, if it is possible to display and set the temperature value in degrees Celsius in correspondence with the PMV value, it is uncomfortable with the temperature setting device of the conventional vehicle air conditioner. Does not occur. For example,
A Celsius temperature value Ts calculated by the following relational expression between the Celsius temperature and the PMV value under standard conditions (outside air temperature 20 to 30 ° C., no solar radiation, minimum blower air volume) can be displayed and set. Ts = K × PMV + 25 (K is 3 to 5)

[0041]

As described above, according to the vehicle air conditioner of the present invention, the target thermal sensation can be set arbitrarily, and the thermal sensation which aims at the actual thermal sensation irrespective of the change of the external condition or the like. The air condition can be controlled automatically, and an extremely comfortable air-conditioning state can be realized without any operation such as setting change.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a basic concept of the invention according to claim 1;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a basic concept of the invention according to claim 2;

FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vehicle air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating an example of control of the vehicle air conditioner of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram of clothing thermal resistance in the control of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a characteristic diagram of a fan voltage used for a fan voltage calculation in the control of FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a characteristic diagram showing a characteristic example obtained as a result of the control of FIG. 4;

FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram of a conventional vehicle air conditioner.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing an example of control of the vehicle air conditioner of FIG.

FIG. 10 is a characteristic diagram showing a characteristic example obtained as a result of the control of FIG. 9;

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 air conditioner 2 ventilation duct 5 inside / outside air switching damper 6 motor 7 blower 8 evaporator as cooler 9 hot water heater as heater 11 cooler cycle 12 compressor 13 condenser 16 suction pressure controller 17 air mix damper 18 air mix damper Actuator 19, 20, 21 Blow-out port 22, 23, 24 Damper 27 Car interior temperature sensor 28 Outside air temperature sensor 29 Solar radiation sensor 30 Blower voltage controller 51 Main controller 52 PMV setter 56 PMV prediction calculation means 57 Target blowout temperature calculation means 58 Blower Voltage calculating means 59 Heater inlet air temperature calculating means 60 Cooler inlet air temperature determining means 61 Air mix damper opening calculating means 62 Compressor suction pressure calculating means

Claims (7)

[Claims] At least a blower for blowing air into a vehicle interior through a ventilation duct, a cooler in the ventilation duct for cooling air by exchanging heat with air, and / or
Or, a heater for heating air, outlet air temperature adjusting means for adjusting the air temperature at the outlet of the ventilation duct according to the degree of cooling of the cooler and / or the degree of heating of the heater, and adjusting the amount of air blown by the blower. In a vehicle air conditioner provided with an air volume adjusting means and a vehicle interior temperature detecting means for detecting a vehicle interior temperature, (a) a thermal sensation target in which a target value of a thermal sensation index representing a thermal sensation can be arbitrarily set. (B) a thermal sensation index corresponding to the thermal sensation felt by the occupant by referring to a signal corresponding to the vehicle interior temperature detected by the vehicle interior temperature detecting means and an adjustment amount of the air volume adjusting means. A thermal sensation index estimating means for calculating an estimated value, wherein the outlet air temperature adjusting means, or the air volume adjusting means and the outlet air temperature control, while referring to a deviation between the thermal sensation target value and the thermal sensation index estimation value. Adjust the unit, air conditioning system and having a heat sensitive control means for controlling the thermal sensation as the deviation is eliminated. 2. A blower for blowing air into a vehicle interior through a ventilation duct, a cooler in the ventilation duct for cooling air by exchanging heat with air, and / or
Or a heater for heating the air, an outlet air temperature adjusting means for adjusting an outlet air temperature of the ventilation duct according to a cooling degree of the cooler and / or a heating degree of the heater, and a solar radiation detection for detecting a solar radiation Means and / or an outside air temperature detecting means for detecting an outside air temperature, and a vehicle interior temperature detecting means for detecting a vehicle interior temperature, wherein (a) a target value of a thermal sensation index representing a thermal sensation is determined. A thermal sensation target value setting means configured to be arbitrarily set; (b) a vehicle interior temperature detected by the vehicle interior temperature detecting means;
A thermal sensation index estimating means for calculating a thermal sensation index estimation value corresponding to a thermal sensation felt by an occupant by referring to the amount of solar radiation and / or the outside air temperature, the thermal sensation target value and the thermal sensation index estimation value And a thermal sensation control means for controlling the thermal sensation so as to eliminate the deviation by adjusting the outlet air temperature adjusting means while referring to the deviation of the air conditioner. 3. The thermal sensation index estimating means calculates a thermal sensation index estimation value by referring to at least a supply voltage of a blower motor or a state quantity corresponding thereto, and a vehicle interior temperature or a state quantity referring thereto. Characterized in that
The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1. 4. The thermal sensation control means adjusts the outlet air temperature adjustment means with an arithmetic operation including at least a proportional control or an arithmetic operation including an integral control on a deviation between the thermal sensation target value and the thermal sensation index estimation value. The air conditioner for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the air conditioning is performed by using the air conditioner. 5. The air conditioner for a vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the thermal sensation index estimating means calculates a thermal sensation index estimation value on the assumption that the occupant's clothing amount is correlated with the outside air temperature. . 6. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the estimated value of the thermal sensation index in the thermal sensation index estimating means is calculated by the following calculation. Estimated value of thermal sensation index = a · TR + b · AMB + c · RAD
+ D · BLV + e Here, TR: vehicle interior temperature AMB: outside air temperature RAD: solar radiation amount BLV: blower air volume adjustment amount a to e: constant. 7. The thermal sensation target value setting means includes means for setting a Celsius temperature value corresponding to the thermal sensation index,
The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1 or 2.