WO2018202984A1 - Thermal management system for a motor vehicle passenger compartment - Google Patents

Thermal management system for a motor vehicle passenger compartment Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018202984A1
WO2018202984A1 PCT/FR2018/051043 FR2018051043W WO2018202984A1 WO 2018202984 A1 WO2018202984 A1 WO 2018202984A1 FR 2018051043 W FR2018051043 W FR 2018051043W WO 2018202984 A1 WO2018202984 A1 WO 2018202984A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
passenger
passenger compartment
thermal
representative
camera
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2018/051043
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Josselin GOUR
Laurent Rede
Daniel Neveu
Original Assignee
Valeo Systemes Thermiques
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Systemes Thermiques filed Critical Valeo Systemes Thermiques
Priority to EP18725289.5A priority Critical patent/EP3619067A1/en
Priority to CN201890000802.4U priority patent/CN213501729U/en
Publication of WO2018202984A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018202984A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00735—Control systems or circuits characterised by their input, i.e. by the detection, measurement or calculation of particular conditions, e.g. signal treatment, dynamic models
    • B60H1/00742—Control systems or circuits characterised by their input, i.e. by the detection, measurement or calculation of particular conditions, e.g. signal treatment, dynamic models by detection of the vehicle occupants' presence; by detection of conditions relating to the body of occupants, e.g. using radiant heat detectors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/0073—Control systems or circuits characterised by particular algorithms or computational models, e.g. fuzzy logic or dynamic models
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00735—Control systems or circuits characterised by their input, i.e. by the detection, measurement or calculation of particular conditions, e.g. signal treatment, dynamic models

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a thermal management system for a motor vehicle.
  • the invention also relates to a thermal management method implemented by such a thermal management system.
  • the detection and / or taking into account of the thermal state of the passengers is practically non-existent, except for some examples of the use of infrared sensors which detect the superficial temperature of the clothes of the passengers to better hold initial conditions during the transitory phase of the passengers. home (when the person comes from a cold or hot environment) and thermal balance resulting from radiative and convective exchanges.
  • the measurement of the thermal state of the passenger compartment is limited to an air temperature measurement combined with a sunshine sensor.
  • the invention aims in particular to propose an improvement of the known thermal management systems.
  • the invention thus relates to a thermal management system for a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle, a system comprising a processing unit arranged for:
  • the invention makes it possible to meet increasing expectations in terms of comfort and well-being in a vehicle, and in particular by increasing the ability to adapt to the needs of each passenger.
  • the system according to the invention allows the following aspects:
  • the system comprises at least one sensor arranged to measure a parameter for determining at least one of the first, second and third data.
  • the sensor is chosen from:
  • a camera in particular a DMS camera, arranged to observe a passenger in the passenger compartment,
  • an infrared dome formed by a wide-angle infrared camera placed on a ceiling of the passenger compartment and which makes it possible to measure the temperatures of the walls and windows of the passenger compartment,
  • a temperature sensor at the outlet of an air conditioning device or an HVAC after the exchangers a temperature sensor prevailing in the passenger compartment.
  • a DMS (Driver Monitoring System) camera is a camera operating in the near infrared and can recover an image of the face and / or the bust of the driver, regardless of the brightness in the cabin. Thanks to algorithms, in particular by physical analysis or by using big data or big data in English, we can deduce a lot of information such as: the recognition of the identity of the passenger, evaluation of the level of fatigue, estimation of the cardiac rhythm, recognition of the clothes worn at the top of the body.
  • the system comprises an air conditioning device, in particular an HVAC, and the system is arranged to measure a parameter for determining the third data representative of the thermal environment of the passenger in the passenger compartment, this parameter being related to the condition of the air conditioning device, in particular the power of a blower of the air conditioning device or the distribution of air conditioning of the air conditioning device.
  • an air conditioning device in particular an HVAC
  • the system is arranged to measure a parameter for determining the third data representative of the thermal environment of the passenger in the passenger compartment, this parameter being related to the condition of the air conditioning device, in particular the power of a blower of the air conditioning device or the distribution of air conditioning of the air conditioning device.
  • the first datum (Clo) representative of the passenger's clothing level in the passenger compartment corresponds to a thermal resistance of the clothing worn by the passenger.
  • the system is arranged to process an image taken by a camera and, from this image, to determine the type of clothing (T-shirt and / or shirt and / or sweater and / coat and and / or scarf and / or hat) carried by the passenger including image recognition, the system being further arranged to determine the thermal resistance from the type of clothing thus measured.
  • the type of clothing T-shirt and / or shirt and / or sweater and / coat and and / or scarf and / or hat
  • the second representative data (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger is dependent at least on a passenger heart rate which is measured in particular by a camera of the system, in particular a DMS camera.
  • this camera is arranged to observe changes in the color of the passenger's face due to the movement of blood in the skin of the face, and the system measures from these images the heart rate.
  • the second representative data (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger is dependent on at least one characteristic passenger physics which is measured in particular by a camera of the system, in particular a DMS camera.
  • the camera is arranged to measure, in particular by image processing, the physical characteristics of the passenger, including gender, age, size and volume. It is possible to deduce the weight.
  • the second representative data (MET) of the passenger metabolic activity is dependent on both a passenger heart rate and at least one passenger physical characteristic.
  • the second representative data (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger corresponding to a thermal surface power produced by the passenger.
  • the system is arranged for, from the temperatures of the walls and / or window measured by a sensor, in particular by an infrared dome, to calculate the radiative temperature for at least a part, in particular several parts, of the passenger body such as head, bust, back, legs, calves, feet, arms.
  • the calculation is performed for at least six distinct parts of the body, including at least ten distinct parts of the body such as head, neck, torso, arms, hands, back, buttocks, thighs, legs, feet .
  • the system is arranged to estimate the air temperature in contact with the passenger for a portion of the passenger's body, in particular several parts of the passenger's body, in particular the head, bust, back, legs, calves. , feet, arms, especially from the power of an air blower and / or distribution of the HVAC and / or the blown air temperature and the temperature of the passenger compartment and in particular on the base of charts.
  • the system is arranged for, from the distribution of the HVAC and / or the power of the air blower, to estimate, especially from charts, the air velocity at contact of one or more parts of the passenger's body.
  • the system is arranged to acquire HVAC characteristics, such as the position of the flaps and a characteristic of the blower, for estimating the air speed at the level of the passengers. According to one aspect of the invention, these temperatures and / or speeds are used to calculate the third data representative of the thermal environment of the passenger in the passenger compartment.
  • the system is arranged to estimate the total thermal power exchanged (P_tot_theoritical) by the passenger with his environment by estimating the heat power exchanged part by part of the body, in particular the head, the bust, the back, legs, calves, feet, arms.
  • the powers exchanged are a function of the local air speed, the local air temperature, the local radiative temperature, the passenger surface, the level of passenger clothing (Clo ) and the second representative data (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger.
  • the system is arranged to compare the total thermal power exchanged with the environment (P_tot_theoritical) with the theoretical power produced by the passengers' metabolism and, by multiplying this power difference by a coefficient, to determine a value of the thermal comfort index (PMV).
  • this model can then be used to estimate the instant comfort of the passengers. It is also possible to set guidelines for thermal actuators to achieve passenger comfort. There is thus a personalized regulation of the thermal system.
  • the invention preferably uses both external data and passenger characteristics. It is thus possible to refine the thermal need to arrive at the thermal comfort of the passengers.
  • the invention further relates to a thermal comfort management method in a passenger compartment using an estimated model of thermal sensations and thermal comfort based on a calculation of heat exchange on the different parts of the body and the analysis of temperatures. balance and power balances resulting therefrom, characterized in that the method simultaneously determines, for estimating a comfort index:
  • the method is arranged to take into account heat exchanges by breathing, sweating and perspiration, as a function of the temperature and humidity and metabolism to estimate a comfort index.
  • the metabolic activity is determined according to the day and / or time, sex, age, other personal characteristics of the passenger, and the data or knowledge of his current or past activities.
  • the method is arranged to take into account variations in time or between parts of the face of the skin temperature measured by an infrared camera.
  • the method is arranged to take into account an estimate of a local and global thermal sensation based on the skin temperature data taken as a reference of comfort on each part of the body, and on a calculation of the thermal deficit resulting from a balance of local and global exchanges obtained with these temperatures.
  • the method is arranged to take into account a skin temperature map taken as a comfort reference in the form of tabulated values and / or modeled and / or obtained by learning, according to the profile and preferences of each passenger, the ambient conditions and the context of use.
  • the method is arranged to take into account an estimate of an overall thermal comfort based on the application of a formula that combines and weights the influence of the gap on each part of the body between the equilibrium skin temperature and the comfort reference temperature, as well as the variation over time of this deviation.
  • the method is arranged to take into account weighting coefficients of the impact of each term (difference between equilibrium temperature and reference temperature and / or its local variation) under form of tabulated and / or modeled values and / or obtained by learning, according to the profile and preferences of each passenger, the ambient conditions and the context of use.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates, schematically and partially, a thermal system according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 illustrates steps of the thermal comfort management method in the system of FIG. 1,
  • Figure 3 shows the different passenger areas involved in the process of Figure 2.
  • FIG. 1 shows a thermal management system 1 for a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle, a system comprising a processing unit 2 arranged for:
  • the system includes a plurality of sensors arranged to measure a plurality of parameters for determining the first, second and third data.
  • These sensors include:
  • a DMS camera 3 arranged to observe a passenger in the passenger compartment
  • an infrared dome 4 formed by a wide-angle infrared camera placed on a ceiling of the passenger compartment and which makes it possible to measure the temperatures of the walls and windows of the passenger compartment,
  • a sun sensor 5 a temperature sensor 6 at the output of an air conditioning device or of the HVAC 10,
  • the system 1 is arranged to measure a parameter for determining the third data representative of the passenger's thermal environment in the passenger compartment, this parameter being related to the condition of the air conditioning device, in particular the power of a device blower. air conditioning or distribution of air conditioning of the air conditioning device.
  • the first datum (Clo) representative of the passenger's clothing level in the passenger compartment corresponds to a measured thermal resistance of the clothes worn by the passenger.
  • the system 1 is arranged to process an image taken by the camera 3 and, from this image, to determine the type of clothing (T-shirt and / or shirt and / or sweater and / coat and / or scarf and / or hat) carried by the passenger in particular by image recognition, the system 1 being further arranged to determine the thermal resistance from the type of clothing thus measured.
  • the type of clothing T-shirt and / or shirt and / or sweater and / coat and / or scarf and / or hat
  • the second representative data (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger is dependent on a HR heart rate of the passenger which is measured in particular by the camera 3, as can be seen in FIG.
  • This camera 3 is arranged to observe changes in the color of the passenger's face due to the movement of blood at the level of the facial skin, and the system measures from these images the heart rate.
  • the second representative data (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger is dependent on a physical characteristic of the passenger that is measured by the camera 6 to determine, by image processing, the passenger's physical characteristics PC, including sex, age, size and volume, and indirectly weight.
  • the second representative data MET of the metabolic activity of the passenger corresponds to a PS thermal power produced by the passenger deduced using the PC data.
  • the system 1 is arranged for, from the temperatures of the walls and / or window measured by the infrared dome 4, to calculate the radiative temperature for several parts of the passenger body such as the head Z1, the bust Z2, the back Z3, the Z4 legs, Z5 feet, Z6 arms and Z7 hands, as can be seen in Figure 3.
  • the system 1 is arranged to estimate the air temperature in contact with the passenger for a portion of the passenger's body, in particular several parts of the passenger's body, in particular the head, bust, back, legs, calves, feet, arms, particularly at from the power of an air blower and / or the distribution of the HVAC and / or the blown air temperature and the temperature of the passenger compartment and in particular on the basis of abacuses.
  • the system 1 is arranged for, from the distribution of the HVAC and / or the power of the air blower, to estimate, in particular from charts, the air velocity in contact with a part or several parts of the passenger's body.
  • These temperatures and / or TV speeds are used to calculate the third data representative of the thermal environment of the passenger in the passenger compartment.
  • the system 1 is arranged to estimate the total thermal power exchanged (P_tot_theoritical) by the passenger with his environment by estimating the heat power exchanged part by part of the body, in particular the head, the bust, the back, the legs, the calves, the feet, arms.
  • This total thermal power exchanged (P_tot_theoritical) depends on data Clo, Met and PS.
  • the powers exchanged are a function of the local air velocity, the local air temperature, the local radiative temperature, the passenger surface, the level of passenger clothing (Clo) and the second data.
  • representative (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger are a function of the local air velocity, the local air temperature, the local radiative temperature, the passenger surface, the level of passenger clothing (Clo) and the second data.
  • representative (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger is a function of the local air velocity, the local air temperature, the local radiative temperature, the passenger surface, the level of passenger clothing (Clo) and the second data.
  • MET representative
  • the system 1 is arranged to compare the total thermal power exchanged with the environment (P_tot_theoritical) with the theoretical power produced by the passengers' metabolism and, by multiplying this power difference by a coefficient, to determine a value of the comfort index thermal (PMV).
  • this model can then be used to estimate the instant comfort of the passengers. It is also possible to set guidelines for thermal actuators to achieve passenger comfort. There is thus a personalized regulation of the thermal system.
  • the method is arranged to take into account heat exchange by breathing, sweating and perspiration, as a function of the ambient temperature and humidity and of the metabolism to estimate a comfort index.
  • the metabolic activity is determined by the day and / or time, sex, age, other personal characteristics of the passenger, and the data or knowledge of current or past activities.

Abstract

The invention concerns a thermal management system for a motor vehicle passenger compartment, the system comprising a processing unit arranged to: - acquire a first piece of data representative of the level of clothing of a passenger in the passenger compartment, - acquire a second piece of data (MET) representative of the metabolic activity of the passenger, - acquire a third piece of data representative of the thermal environment of the passenger in the passenger compartment, - determine a value of a thermal comfort index (PMV) associated with the passenger in the passenger compartment based on the three pieces of data acquired in this way.

Description

SYSTEME DE GESTION THERMIQUE POUR UN HABITACLE DE  THERMAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR A HABITACLE OF
VEHICULE AUTOMOBILE  MOTOR VEHICLE
L'invention concerne un système de gestion thermique pour véhicule automobile. L'invention concerne encore un procédé de gestion thermique mis en œuvre par un tel système de gestion thermique. The invention relates to a thermal management system for a motor vehicle. The invention also relates to a thermal management method implemented by such a thermal management system.
Dans un véhicule automobile, il est connu de prévoir une gestion des débits, températures et répartition de l'air soufflée par les différents aérateurs en fonction des conditions extérieures de température et d'ensoleillement. Sur certains véhicules, cela peut être combiné avec l'activation d'un volant chauffant et/ou d'un siège chauffant ou refroidissant, et parfois de surfaces chauffantes par contact tel qu'un repose coude. In a motor vehicle, it is known to provide a management of flow rates, temperatures and distribution of the air blown by the different aerators according to the external conditions of temperature and sunshine. On some vehicles, this may be combined with the activation of a heated steering wheel and / or a heated or cooled seat, and sometimes contact heating surfaces such as a bend rest.
La détection et/ou la prise en compte de l'état thermique des passagers est quasiment inexistante, hormis quelques exemples d'utilisation de capteurs infrarouges qui détectent la température superficielle des vêtements des passagers pour mieux tenir des conditions initiale lors de la phase transitoire d'accueil (lorsque la personne vient d'une ambiance froide ou chaude) et de l'équilibre thermique résultant des échanges radiatifs et convectifs. En général la mesure de l'état thermique de l'habitacle se limite à une mesure de températures d'air combinée avec un capteur d'ensoleillement.  The detection and / or taking into account of the thermal state of the passengers is practically non-existent, except for some examples of the use of infrared sensors which detect the superficial temperature of the clothes of the passengers to better hold initial conditions during the transitory phase of the passengers. home (when the person comes from a cold or hot environment) and thermal balance resulting from radiative and convective exchanges. In general, the measurement of the thermal state of the passenger compartment is limited to an air temperature measurement combined with a sunshine sensor.
Des approches plus sophistiquées de la gestion du confort ont été proposées en s'appuyant sur de nouveaux capteurs, en particulier des caméras infrarouges, et de nouveaux actionneurs, en particulier des panneaux radiants et/ou des apports d'air localisés.  More sophisticated approaches to comfort management have been proposed based on new sensors, particularly infrared cameras, and new actuators, particularly radiant panels and / or localized air intakes.
L'invention vise notamment à proposer une amélioration des systèmes de gestion thermiques connus.  The invention aims in particular to propose an improvement of the known thermal management systems.
L'invention a ainsi pour objet un système de gestion thermique pour un habitacle de véhicule automobile, système comportant une unité de traitement agencé pour : The invention thus relates to a thermal management system for a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle, a system comprising a processing unit arranged for:
- acquérir une première donnée représentative du niveau d'habillement d'un passager dans l'habitacle (Clo) et/ou une deuxième donnée représentative (MET) de l'activité métabolique du passager, - acquérir une troisième donnée représentative de l'environnement thermique du passager dans l'habitacle, notamment un ensemble de données permettant de caractériser l'environnement thermique, acquiring a first datum representative of the level of clothing of a passenger in the passenger compartment (Clo) and / or a second representative datum (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger, acquiring a third datum representative of the passenger's thermal environment in the passenger compartment, in particular a set of data making it possible to characterize the thermal environment,
- déterminer une valeur d'un indice de confort thermique (PMV) associé au passager dans l'habitacle sur la base des données ainsi acquises.  determining a value of a thermal comfort index (PMV) associated with the passenger in the passenger compartment on the basis of the data thus acquired.
L'invention permet de répondre à des attentes croissantes en matière de confort et de bien-être à bord d'un véhicule, et notamment en augmentant la capacité à s'adapter aux besoins de chaque passager. The invention makes it possible to meet increasing expectations in terms of comfort and well-being in a vehicle, and in particular by increasing the ability to adapt to the needs of each passenger.
Le système selon l'invention permet les aspects suivants :  The system according to the invention allows the following aspects:
- la capacité de s'adapter au profil particulier de chaque passager, c'est-à- dire prendre en compte ses attentes ou préférences particulières, ainsi que son domaine spécifique de confort lié à son profil personnel (sexe, âge, ratio masse musculaire / graisse, etc ..)  - the ability to adapt to the particular profile of each passenger, that is to say, take into account his particular expectations or preferences, as well as his specific area of comfort related to his personal profile (sex, age, muscle mass ratio) / fat, etc. ..)
- la capacité de prendre en compte chaque contexte d'usage ou d'état des passagers pouvant impacter le confort thermique: habillement, métabolisme (digestion, sport, heure...), stress, fatigue...  - the ability to take into account each context of use or condition of passengers that may impact thermal comfort: clothing, metabolism (digestion, sport, time ...), stress, fatigue ...
- la capacité de prendre en compte une grande variété des échanges thermiques sur les passagers, que ce soit en nature (convection, rayonnement, contacts) ou localisation (tête, cou, torse, bras, mains, dos, cuisses, jambes, pieds)  - the ability to take into account a wide variety of heat exchanges on passengers, whether in nature (convection, radiation, contacts) or location (head, neck, torso, arms, hands, back, thighs, legs, feet)
Selon un aspect de l'invention, le système comporte au moins un capteur agencé pour mesurer un paramètre servant à déterminer l'une au moins des première, deuxième et troisième données. According to one aspect of the invention, the system comprises at least one sensor arranged to measure a parameter for determining at least one of the first, second and third data.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, le capteur est choisi parmi :  According to one aspect of the invention, the sensor is chosen from:
- une caméra, notamment une caméra DMS, agencée pour observer un passager dans l'habitacle,  a camera, in particular a DMS camera, arranged to observe a passenger in the passenger compartment,
- un dôme infrarouge formé par une caméra infrarouge grand angle placée sur un plafond de l'habitacle et qui permet de mesurer les température des parois et fenêtres de l'habitacle,  an infrared dome formed by a wide-angle infrared camera placed on a ceiling of the passenger compartment and which makes it possible to measure the temperatures of the walls and windows of the passenger compartment,
- un capteur d'ensoleillement,  - a sunshine sensor,
- un capteur de température à la sortie d'un dispositif de climatisation ou d'un HVAC après les échangeurs, - un capteur de température régnant dans l'habitacle. a temperature sensor at the outlet of an air conditioning device or an HVAC after the exchangers, a temperature sensor prevailing in the passenger compartment.
Une caméra DMS (Driver Monitoring System en anglais) est une caméra fonctionnant dans le proche infrarouge et peut permettre de récupérer une image du visage et/ou du buste du conducteur, peu importe la luminosité dans l'habitacle. Grâce à des algorithmes, notamment par analyse physique ou en utilisant des mégadonnées ou big data en anglais, on peut en déduire de nombreuses informations telles que : la reconnaissance de l'identité du passager, évaluation du niveau de fatigue, estimation du rythme cardiaque, reconnaissance des habits portés en haut du corps. A DMS (Driver Monitoring System) camera is a camera operating in the near infrared and can recover an image of the face and / or the bust of the driver, regardless of the brightness in the cabin. Thanks to algorithms, in particular by physical analysis or by using big data or big data in English, we can deduce a lot of information such as: the recognition of the identity of the passenger, evaluation of the level of fatigue, estimation of the cardiac rhythm, recognition of the clothes worn at the top of the body.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, le système comporte un dispositif de climatisation, notamment un HVAC, et le système est agencé pour mesurer un paramètre servant à déterminer la troisième donnée représentative de l'environnement thermique du passager dans l'habitacle, ce paramètre étant lié à l'état du dispositif de climatisation, notamment la puissance d'un pulseur du dispositif de climatisation ou la distribution d'air climatisé du dispositif de climatisation.  According to one aspect of the invention, the system comprises an air conditioning device, in particular an HVAC, and the system is arranged to measure a parameter for determining the third data representative of the thermal environment of the passenger in the passenger compartment, this parameter being related to the condition of the air conditioning device, in particular the power of a blower of the air conditioning device or the distribution of air conditioning of the air conditioning device.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, la première donnée (Clo) représentative du niveau d'habillement du passager dans l'habitacle correspond à une résistance thermique des vêtements portés par le passager.  According to one aspect of the invention, the first datum (Clo) representative of the passenger's clothing level in the passenger compartment corresponds to a thermal resistance of the clothing worn by the passenger.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, le système est agencé pour traiter une image prise par une caméra et pour, à partir de cette image, déterminer le type de vêtements (T-shirt et/ou chemise et/ou pull et/ manteau et/ou écharpe et/ou chapeau ) portés par le passager notamment par reconnaissance d'image, le système étant agencé en outre pour déterminer la résistance thermique à partir du type de vêtements ainsi mesuré.  According to one aspect of the invention, the system is arranged to process an image taken by a camera and, from this image, to determine the type of clothing (T-shirt and / or shirt and / or sweater and / coat and and / or scarf and / or hat) carried by the passenger including image recognition, the system being further arranged to determine the thermal resistance from the type of clothing thus measured.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, la deuxième donnée représentative (MET) de l'activité métabolique du passager est dépendante au moins d'un rythme cardiaque du passager qui est mesuré notamment par une caméra du système, notamment une caméra DMS.  According to one aspect of the invention, the second representative data (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger is dependent at least on a passenger heart rate which is measured in particular by a camera of the system, in particular a DMS camera.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, cette caméra est agencée pour observer des changements de couleur du visage du passager dus au déplacement du sang au niveau de la peau du visage, et le système mesure à partir de ces images le rythme cardiaque.  According to one aspect of the invention, this camera is arranged to observe changes in the color of the passenger's face due to the movement of blood in the skin of the face, and the system measures from these images the heart rate.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, la deuxième donnée représentative (MET) de l'activité métabolique du passager est dépendante au moins d'une caractéristique physique du passager qui est mesuré notamment par une caméra du système, notamment une caméra DMS. According to one aspect of the invention, the second representative data (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger is dependent on at least one characteristic passenger physics which is measured in particular by a camera of the system, in particular a DMS camera.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, la caméra est agencée pour mesurer, notamment par traitement d'images, des caractéristiques physiques du passager, notamment le sexe, l'âge, la taille et le volume. Il est possible d'en déduire le poids.  According to one aspect of the invention, the camera is arranged to measure, in particular by image processing, the physical characteristics of the passenger, including gender, age, size and volume. It is possible to deduce the weight.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, la deuxième donnée représentative (MET) de l'activité métabolique du passager est dépendante à la fois d'un rythme cardiaque du passager et au moins d'une caractéristique physique du passager.  According to one aspect of the invention, the second representative data (MET) of the passenger metabolic activity is dependent on both a passenger heart rate and at least one passenger physical characteristic.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, la deuxième donnée représentative (MET) de l'activité métabolique du passager correspondant à une puissance surfacique thermique produit par le passager.  According to one aspect of the invention, the second representative data (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger corresponding to a thermal surface power produced by the passenger.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, le système est agencé pour, à partir des températures des parois et/ou fenêtre mesurés par un capteur, notamment par un dôme infrarouge, calculer la température radiative pour au moins une partie, notamment plusieurs parties, du corps du passager telle que la tête, le buste, le dos, les jambes, les mollets, les pieds, les bras.  According to one aspect of the invention, the system is arranged for, from the temperatures of the walls and / or window measured by a sensor, in particular by an infrared dome, to calculate the radiative temperature for at least a part, in particular several parts, of the passenger body such as head, bust, back, legs, calves, feet, arms.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, le calcul est réalisé pour au moins six parties distinctes du corps, notamment au moins dix parties distinctes du corps telles que tête, cou, torse, bras, mains, dos, fessier, cuisses, jambes, pieds.  According to one aspect of the invention, the calculation is performed for at least six distinct parts of the body, including at least ten distinct parts of the body such as head, neck, torso, arms, hands, back, buttocks, thighs, legs, feet .
Selon un aspect de l'invention, le système est agencé pour estimer la température d'air au contact du passager pour une partie du corps du passager, notamment plusieurs parties du corps du passager, notamment la tête, buste, dos, jambes, mollets, pieds, bras, notamment à partir de la puissance d'un pulseur d'air et/ou de la distribution de l'HVAC et/ou de la température d'air soufflée et de la température de l'habitacle et notamment sur la base d'abaques.  According to one aspect of the invention, the system is arranged to estimate the air temperature in contact with the passenger for a portion of the passenger's body, in particular several parts of the passenger's body, in particular the head, bust, back, legs, calves. , feet, arms, especially from the power of an air blower and / or distribution of the HVAC and / or the blown air temperature and the temperature of the passenger compartment and in particular on the base of charts.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, le système est agencé pour, à partir de la distribution de l'HVAC et/ou de la puissance du pulseur d'air, estimer, notamment à partir d'abaques, la vitesse d'air au contact d'une partie ou plusieurs parties du corps du passager.  According to one aspect of the invention, the system is arranged for, from the distribution of the HVAC and / or the power of the air blower, to estimate, especially from charts, the air velocity at contact of one or more parts of the passenger's body.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, le système est agencé pour acquérir des caractéristiques de l'HVAC, telles que la position des volets et une caractéristique du pulseur, pour estimer la vitesse d'air au niveau des passagers. Selon un aspect de l'invention, ces températures et/ou vitesses sont utilisées pour calculer la troisième donnée représentative de l'environnement thermique du passager dans l'habitacle. According to one aspect of the invention, the system is arranged to acquire HVAC characteristics, such as the position of the flaps and a characteristic of the blower, for estimating the air speed at the level of the passengers. According to one aspect of the invention, these temperatures and / or speeds are used to calculate the third data representative of the thermal environment of the passenger in the passenger compartment.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, le système est agencé pour estimer la puissance thermique totale échangée (P_tot_theoritical) par le passager avec son environnement en estimant la puissance thermique échangée partie par partie du corps, notamment la tête, le buste, le dos, les jambes, les mollets, les pieds, les bras.  According to one aspect of the invention, the system is arranged to estimate the total thermal power exchanged (P_tot_theoritical) by the passenger with his environment by estimating the heat power exchanged part by part of the body, in particular the head, the bust, the back, legs, calves, feet, arms.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, les puissances échangées sont fonction de la vitesse d'air locale, de la température d'air locale, de la température radiative locale, de la surface des passagers, du niveau d'habillement du passager (Clo) et de la deuxième donnée représentative (MET) de l'activité métabolique du passager.  According to one aspect of the invention, the powers exchanged are a function of the local air speed, the local air temperature, the local radiative temperature, the passenger surface, the level of passenger clothing (Clo ) and the second representative data (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, le système est agencé pour comparer la puissance thermique totale échangée avec l'environnement (P_tot_theoritical) à la puissance théorique produite par le métabolisme des passagers et, en multipliant cette différence de puissance par un coefficient, déterminer une valeur de l'indice de confort thermique (PMV).  According to one aspect of the invention, the system is arranged to compare the total thermal power exchanged with the environment (P_tot_theoritical) with the theoretical power produced by the passengers' metabolism and, by multiplying this power difference by a coefficient, to determine a value of the thermal comfort index (PMV).
Selon un aspect de l'invention, ce modèle peut ensuite servir à estimer le confort instantané des passagers. On peut aussi définir des consignes pour les actuateurs thermiques afin d'atteindre le confort des passagers. On a ainsi une régulation personnalisé du système thermique.  According to one aspect of the invention, this model can then be used to estimate the instant comfort of the passengers. It is also possible to set guidelines for thermal actuators to achieve passenger comfort. There is thus a personalized regulation of the thermal system.
Contrairement aux régulations connues qui se basent exclusivement sur des paramètres extérieurs aux passagers (température cabine, température extérieure, ensoleillement), l'invention utilise de préférence à la fois des données extérieures et des caractéristiques des passagers. On peut ainsi affiner le besoin thermique pour arriver au confort thermique des passagers.  Contrary to known regulations which are based exclusively on parameters outside the passengers (cabin temperature, outside temperature, sunshine), the invention preferably uses both external data and passenger characteristics. It is thus possible to refine the thermal need to arrive at the thermal comfort of the passengers.
L'invention a encore pour objet un procédé de gestion du confort thermique dans un habitacle automobile utilisant un modèle estimatif des sensations thermiques et du confort thermique basé sur un calcul des échanges thermiques sur les différentes partie du corps et l'analyse des températures d'équilibre et bilans de puissance qui en résultent, caractérisé en ce que le procédé détermine simultanément, pour estimer un indice de confort: The invention further relates to a thermal comfort management method in a passenger compartment using an estimated model of thermal sensations and thermal comfort based on a calculation of heat exchange on the different parts of the body and the analysis of temperatures. balance and power balances resulting therefrom, characterized in that the method simultaneously determines, for estimating a comfort index:
- l'activité métabolique du ou des passagers, issue de données de mesures et/ou d'un modèle d'estimation prédéterminé, - le niveau d'habillement du ou des passagers, issu de données de mesures et/ou d'un modèle d'estimation prédéterminé, the metabolic activity of the passenger or passengers resulting from measurement data and / or from a predetermined estimation model, - the level of clothing of the passenger or passengers, derived from measurement data and / or from a predetermined estimation model,
- les échanges par convection, rayonnement et contact avec le ou les passagers, pris sur au moins six zones distinctes du corps.  - exchanges by convection, radiation and contact with the passenger or passengers, taken on at least six distinct areas of the body.
Selon un aspect de l'invention le procédé est agencé pour prendre en compte des échanges thermiques par respiration, sudation et perspiration, comme fonction de la température et humidité ambiante et du métabolisme pour estimer un indice de confort. According to one aspect of the invention the method is arranged to take into account heat exchanges by breathing, sweating and perspiration, as a function of the temperature and humidity and metabolism to estimate a comfort index.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, l'activité métabolique est déterminée en fonction du jour et/ou de l'heure, du sexe, de l'âge, d'autres caractéristiques personnelles du passager, et de la donnée ou connaissance de ses activités courantes ou antérieures.  According to one aspect of the invention, the metabolic activity is determined according to the day and / or time, sex, age, other personal characteristics of the passenger, and the data or knowledge of his current or past activities.
Selon un aspect de l'invention le procédé est agencé pour prendre en compte des variations dans le temps ou entre parties du visage de la température de peau mesurées par une caméra infrarouge.  According to one aspect of the invention the method is arranged to take into account variations in time or between parts of the face of the skin temperature measured by an infrared camera.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, le procédé est agencé pour prendre en compte une estimation d'une sensation thermique locale et globale basée sur la donnée de températures de peau prises comme référence du confort sur chaque partie du corps, et sur un calcul du déficit thermique résultant d'un bilan des échanges locaux et globaux obtenu avec ces températures.  According to one aspect of the invention, the method is arranged to take into account an estimate of a local and global thermal sensation based on the skin temperature data taken as a reference of comfort on each part of the body, and on a calculation of the thermal deficit resulting from a balance of local and global exchanges obtained with these temperatures.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, le procédé est agencé pour prendre en compte une carte des températures de peau prises comme référence du confort sous forme de valeurs tabulées et/ou modélisées et/ou obtenues par apprentissage, en fonction du profil et préférences de chaque passager, des conditions ambiantes et du contexte d'usage.  According to one aspect of the invention, the method is arranged to take into account a skin temperature map taken as a comfort reference in the form of tabulated values and / or modeled and / or obtained by learning, according to the profile and preferences of each passenger, the ambient conditions and the context of use.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, le procédé est agencé pour prendre en compte une estimation d'un confort thermique global basée sur l'application d'une formule qui combine et pondère l'influence de l'écart sur chaque partie du corps entre la température de peau à l'équilibre et la température de référence du confort, ainsi que la variation au cours du temps de cet écart.  According to one aspect of the invention, the method is arranged to take into account an estimate of an overall thermal comfort based on the application of a formula that combines and weights the influence of the gap on each part of the body between the equilibrium skin temperature and the comfort reference temperature, as well as the variation over time of this deviation.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, le procédé est agencé pour prendre en compte des coefficients de pondération de l'impact de chaque terme (écart entre températures d'équilibre et température de référence et/ou sa variation locale) sous forme de valeurs tabulées et/ou modélisées et/ou obtenues par apprentissage, en fonction du profil et préférences de chaque passager, des conditions ambiantes et du contexte d'usage. L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres détails, caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description suivante faite à titre d'exemple non limitatif en référence au dessin annexé dans lequel : According to one aspect of the invention, the method is arranged to take into account weighting coefficients of the impact of each term (difference between equilibrium temperature and reference temperature and / or its local variation) under form of tabulated and / or modeled values and / or obtained by learning, according to the profile and preferences of each passenger, the ambient conditions and the context of use. The invention will be better understood and other details, characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent on reading the following description given by way of non-limiting example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
- la figure 1 illustre, schématiquement et partiellement, un système thermique selon l'invention,  FIG. 1 illustrates, schematically and partially, a thermal system according to the invention,
- la figure 2 illustre des étapes du procédé de gestion du confort thermique dans le système de la figure 1 ,  FIG. 2 illustrates steps of the thermal comfort management method in the system of FIG. 1,
- la figure 3 représente les différentes zones du passager impliquées dans le procédé de la figure 2.  - Figure 3 shows the different passenger areas involved in the process of Figure 2.
On a représenté sur la figure 1 un système de gestion thermique 1 pour un habitacle de véhicule automobile, système comportant une unité de traitement 2 agencé pour : FIG. 1 shows a thermal management system 1 for a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle, a system comprising a processing unit 2 arranged for:
- acquérir une première donnée (Clo) représentative du niveau d'habillement d'un passager dans l'habitacle,  acquiring a first datum (Clo) representative of the level of clothing of a passenger in the passenger compartment,
- acquérir une deuxième donnée représentative (MET) de l'activité métabolique du passager,  acquire a second representative datum (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger,
- acquérir une troisième donnée représentative de l'environnement thermique du passager dans l'habitacle,  acquiring a third datum representative of the thermal environment of the passenger in the passenger compartment,
- déterminer une valeur d'un indice de confort thermique (PMV) associé au passager dans l'habitacle sur la base des trois données ainsi acquises.  determining a value of a thermal comfort index (PMV) associated with the passenger in the passenger compartment on the basis of the three data thus acquired.
Le système comporte plusieurs capteurs agencés pour mesurer plusieurs paramètres servant à déterminer les première, deuxième et troisième données. The system includes a plurality of sensors arranged to measure a plurality of parameters for determining the first, second and third data.
Ces capteurs comportent :  These sensors include:
- une caméra DMS 3 agencée pour observer un passager dans l'habitacle, a DMS camera 3 arranged to observe a passenger in the passenger compartment,
- un dôme infrarouge 4 formé par une caméra infrarouge grand angle placée sur un plafond de l'habitacle et qui permet de mesurer les température des parois et fenêtres de l'habitacle, an infrared dome 4 formed by a wide-angle infrared camera placed on a ceiling of the passenger compartment and which makes it possible to measure the temperatures of the walls and windows of the passenger compartment,
- un capteur d'ensoleillement 5, - un capteur de température 6 à la sortie d'un dispositif de climatisation ou de l'HVAC 10, a sun sensor 5, a temperature sensor 6 at the output of an air conditioning device or of the HVAC 10,
- un capteur de température 7 régnant dans l'habitacle. Le système 1 est agencé pour mesurer un paramètre servant à déterminer la troisième donnée représentative de l'environnement thermique du passager dans l'habitacle, ce paramètre étant lié à l'état du dispositif de climatisation, notamment la puissance d'un pulseur du dispositif de climatisation ou la distribution d'air climatisé du dispositif de climatisation.  a temperature sensor 7 prevailing in the passenger compartment. The system 1 is arranged to measure a parameter for determining the third data representative of the passenger's thermal environment in the passenger compartment, this parameter being related to the condition of the air conditioning device, in particular the power of a device blower. air conditioning or distribution of air conditioning of the air conditioning device.
La première donnée (Clo) représentative du niveau d'habillement du passager dans l'habitacle correspond à une résistance thermique mesurée des vêtements portés par le passager.  The first datum (Clo) representative of the passenger's clothing level in the passenger compartment corresponds to a measured thermal resistance of the clothes worn by the passenger.
A cet effet, le système 1 est agencé pour traiter une image prise par la caméra 3 et pour, à partir de cette image, déterminer le type de vêtements (T-shirt et/ou chemise et/ou pull et/ manteau et/ou écharpe et/ou chapeau ) portés par le passager notamment par reconnaissance d'image, le système 1 étant agencé en outre pour déterminer la résistance thermique à partir du type de vêtements ainsi mesuré.  For this purpose, the system 1 is arranged to process an image taken by the camera 3 and, from this image, to determine the type of clothing (T-shirt and / or shirt and / or sweater and / coat and / or scarf and / or hat) carried by the passenger in particular by image recognition, the system 1 being further arranged to determine the thermal resistance from the type of clothing thus measured.
La deuxième donnée représentative (MET) de l'activité métabolique du passager est dépendante d'un rythme cardiaque HR du passager qui est mesuré notamment par la caméra 3, comme on peut le voir sur la figure 3.  The second representative data (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger is dependent on a HR heart rate of the passenger which is measured in particular by the camera 3, as can be seen in FIG.
Cette caméra 3 est agencée pour observer des changements de couleur du visage du passager dus au déplacement du sang au niveau de la peau du visage, et le système mesure à partir de ces images le rythme cardiaque.  This camera 3 is arranged to observe changes in the color of the passenger's face due to the movement of blood at the level of the facial skin, and the system measures from these images the heart rate.
La deuxième donnée représentative (MET) de l'activité métabolique du passager est dépendante d'une caractéristique physique du passager qui est mesuré par la caméra 6 pour déterminer, par traitement d'images, des caractéristiques physiques PC du passager, notamment le sexe, l'âge, la taille et le volume, et indirectement le poids.  The second representative data (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger is dependent on a physical characteristic of the passenger that is measured by the camera 6 to determine, by image processing, the passenger's physical characteristics PC, including sex, age, size and volume, and indirectly weight.
La deuxième donnée représentative MET de l'activité métabolique du passager correspond à une puissance surfacique thermique PS produit par le passager déduit à l'aide de la donnée PC.  The second representative data MET of the metabolic activity of the passenger corresponds to a PS thermal power produced by the passenger deduced using the PC data.
Plusieurs données représentatives de l'activité métabolique du passager (MET) sont utilisées. Le système 1 est agencé pour, à partir des températures des parois et/ou fenêtre mesurés par le dôme infrarouge 4, calculer la température radiative pour plusieurs parties du corps du passager telle que la tête Z1 , le buste Z2, le dos Z3, les jambes Z4, les pieds Z5, les bras Z6 et les mains Z7, comme on peut le voir sur la figure 3. Several data representative of the metabolic activity of the passenger (MET) are used. The system 1 is arranged for, from the temperatures of the walls and / or window measured by the infrared dome 4, to calculate the radiative temperature for several parts of the passenger body such as the head Z1, the bust Z2, the back Z3, the Z4 legs, Z5 feet, Z6 arms and Z7 hands, as can be seen in Figure 3.
Le système 1 est agencé pour estimer la température d'air au contact du passager pour une partie du corps du passager, notamment plusieurs parties du corps du passager, notamment la tête, buste, dos, jambes, mollets, pieds, bras, notamment à partir de la puissance d'un pulseur d'air et/ou de la distribution de l'HVAC et/ou de la température d'air soufflée et de la température de l'habitacle et notamment sur la base d'abaques.  The system 1 is arranged to estimate the air temperature in contact with the passenger for a portion of the passenger's body, in particular several parts of the passenger's body, in particular the head, bust, back, legs, calves, feet, arms, particularly at from the power of an air blower and / or the distribution of the HVAC and / or the blown air temperature and the temperature of the passenger compartment and in particular on the basis of abacuses.
Le système 1 est agencé pour, à partir de la distribution de l'HVAC et/ou de la puissance du pulseur d'air, estimer, notamment à partir d'abaques, la vitesse d'air au contact d'une partie ou plusieurs parties du corps du passager.  The system 1 is arranged for, from the distribution of the HVAC and / or the power of the air blower, to estimate, in particular from charts, the air velocity in contact with a part or several parts of the passenger's body.
Ces températures et/ou vitesses TV sont utilisées pour calculer la troisième donnée représentative de l'environnement thermique du passager dans l'habitacle.  These temperatures and / or TV speeds are used to calculate the third data representative of the thermal environment of the passenger in the passenger compartment.
Le système 1 est agencé pour estimer la puissance thermique totale échangée (P_tot_theoritical) par le passager avec son environnement en estimant la puissance thermique échangée partie par partie du corps, notamment la tête, le buste, le dos, les jambes, les mollets, les pieds, les bras. Cette puissance thermique totale échangée (P_tot_theoritical) est fonction des données Clo, Met et PS.  The system 1 is arranged to estimate the total thermal power exchanged (P_tot_theoritical) by the passenger with his environment by estimating the heat power exchanged part by part of the body, in particular the head, the bust, the back, the legs, the calves, the feet, arms. This total thermal power exchanged (P_tot_theoritical) depends on data Clo, Met and PS.
En effet les puissances échangées sont fonction de la vitesse d'air locale, de la température d'air locale, de la température radiative locale, de la surface des passagers, du niveau d'habillement du passager (Clo) et de la deuxième donnée représentative (MET) de l'activité métabolique du passager.  In fact, the powers exchanged are a function of the local air velocity, the local air temperature, the local radiative temperature, the passenger surface, the level of passenger clothing (Clo) and the second data. representative (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger.
Le système 1 est agencé pour comparer la puissance thermique totale échangée avec l'environnement (P_tot_theoritical) à la puissance théorique produite par le métabolisme des passagers et, en multipliant cette différence de puissance par un coefficient, déterminer une valeur de l'indice de confort thermique (PMV).  The system 1 is arranged to compare the total thermal power exchanged with the environment (P_tot_theoritical) with the theoretical power produced by the passengers' metabolism and, by multiplying this power difference by a coefficient, to determine a value of the comfort index thermal (PMV).
Selon un aspect de l'invention, ce modèle peut ensuite servir à estimer le confort instantané des passagers. On peut aussi définir des consignes pour les actuateurs thermiques afin d'atteindre le confort des passagers. On a ainsi une régulation personnalisé du système thermique. Le procédé est agencé pour prendre en compte des échanges thermiques par respiration, sudation et perspiration, comme fonction de la température et humidité ambiante et du métabolisme pour estimer un indice de confort. According to one aspect of the invention, this model can then be used to estimate the instant comfort of the passengers. It is also possible to set guidelines for thermal actuators to achieve passenger comfort. There is thus a personalized regulation of the thermal system. The method is arranged to take into account heat exchange by breathing, sweating and perspiration, as a function of the ambient temperature and humidity and of the metabolism to estimate a comfort index.
L'activité métabolique est déterminée en fonction du jour et/ou de l'heure, du sexe, de l'âge, d'autres caractéristiques personnelles du passager, et de la donnée ou connaissance de ses activités courantes ou antérieures.  The metabolic activity is determined by the day and / or time, sex, age, other personal characteristics of the passenger, and the data or knowledge of current or past activities.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 . Système de gestion thermique pour un habitacle de véhicule automobile, système comportant une unité de traitement agencé pour : 1. Thermal management system for a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle, a system comprising a processing unit arranged for:
- acquérir une première donnée représentative du niveau d'habillement d'un passager dans l'habitacle (Clo) et/ou une deuxième donnée représentative (MET) de l'activité métabolique du passager,  acquiring a first datum representative of the level of clothing of a passenger in the passenger compartment (Clo) and / or a second representative datum (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger,
- acquérir une troisième donnée représentative de l'environnement thermique du passager dans l'habitacle,  acquiring a third datum representative of the thermal environment of the passenger in the passenger compartment,
- déterminer une valeur d'un indice de confort thermique (PMV) associé au passager dans l'habitacle sur la base des données ainsi acquises.  determining a value of a thermal comfort index (PMV) associated with the passenger in the passenger compartment on the basis of the data thus acquired.
2. Système selon la revendication précédente, le système comportant au moins un capteur agencé pour mesurer un paramètre servant à déterminer l'une au moins des première, deuxième et troisième données. 2. System according to the preceding claim, the system comprising at least one sensor arranged to measure a parameter for determining at least one of the first, second and third data.
3. Système selon la revendication précédente, le capteur étant choisi parmi :3. System according to the preceding claim, the sensor being chosen from:
- une caméra (3), notamment une caméra DMS, agencée pour observer un passager dans l'habitacle, a camera (3), in particular a DMS camera, arranged to observe a passenger in the passenger compartment,
- un dôme infrarouge (4) formé par une caméra infrarouge grand angle placée sur un plafond de l'habitacle et qui permet de mesurer les température des parois et fenêtres de l'habitacle,  an infrared dome (4) formed by a wide-angle infrared camera placed on a ceiling of the passenger compartment and which makes it possible to measure the temperatures of the walls and windows of the passenger compartment,
- un capteur d'ensoleillement,  - a sunshine sensor,
- un capteur de température à la sortie d'un dispositif de climatisation, a temperature sensor at the outlet of an air conditioning device,
- un capteur de température régnant dans l'habitacle. a temperature sensor prevailing in the passenger compartment.
4. Système selon l'une des revendications précédentes, le système comportant un dispositif de climatisation, notamment un HVAC, et le système est agencé pour mesurer un paramètre servant à déterminer la troisième donnée représentative de l'environnement thermique du passager dans l'habitacle, ce paramètre étant lié à l'état du dispositif de climatisation, notamment la puissance d'un pulseur du dispositif de climatisation ou la distribution d'air climatisé du dispositif de climatisation. 4. System according to one of the preceding claims, the system comprising an air conditioning device, including an HVAC, and the system is arranged to measure a parameter for determining the third data representative of the thermal environment of the passenger in the passenger compartment. , this parameter being related to the condition of the air conditioning device, in particular the power of a air conditioning device blower or air conditioning distribution of the air conditioning device.
5. Système selon l'une des revendications précédentes, le système étant agencé pour traiter une image prise par une caméra et pour, à partir de cette image, déterminer le type de vêtements portés par le passager notamment par reconnaissance d'image, le système étant agencé en outre pour déterminer la résistance thermique à partir du type de vêtements ainsi mesuré. 5. System according to one of the preceding claims, the system being arranged to process an image taken by a camera and, from this image, determine the type of clothing worn by the passenger including image recognition, the system being further arranged to determine the thermal resistance from the type of clothing thus measured.
6. Système selon l'une des revendications précédentes, la deuxième donnée représentative (MET) de l'activité métabolique du passager étant dépendante au moins d'un rythme cardiaque du passager qui est mesuré notamment par une caméra du système. 6. System according to one of the preceding claims, the second representative data (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger being dependent at least on a passenger heart rate which is measured in particular by a camera of the system.
7. Système selon l'une des revendications précédentes, la deuxième donnée représentative (MET) de l'activité métabolique du passager étant dépendante au moins d'une caractéristique physique du passager qui est mesuré notamment par une caméra du système, notamment une caméra (3). 7. System according to one of the preceding claims, the second representative datum (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger being dependent at least on a physical characteristic of the passenger which is measured in particular by a camera of the system, in particular a camera ( 3).
8. Système selon l'une des revendications précédentes, la deuxième donnée représentative (MET) de l'activité métabolique du passager correspondant à une puissance surfacique thermique produit par le passager. 8. System according to one of the preceding claims, the second representative data (MET) of the metabolic activity of the passenger corresponding to a thermal surface power produced by the passenger.
9. Système selon l'une des revendications précédentes, la système 1 étant agencé pour estimer la température d'air au contact du passager pour une partie du corps du passager, notamment plusieurs parties du corps du passager, notamment la tête, buste, dos, jambes, mollets, pieds, bras, notamment à partir de la puissance d'un pulseur d'air et/ou de la distribution de l'HVAC et/ou de la température d'air soufflée et de la température de l'habitacle et notamment sur la base d'abaques. 9. System according to one of the preceding claims, the system 1 being arranged to estimate the air temperature in contact with the passenger for a portion of the passenger's body, including several parts of the body of the passenger, including the head, bust, back , legs, calves, feet, arms, especially from the power of an air blower and / or the distribution of HVAC and / or the blown air temperature and the temperature of the passenger compartment and in particular on the basis of charts.
10. Procédé de gestion du confort thermique dans un habitacle automobile utilisant un modèle estimatif des sensations thermiques et du confort thermique basé sur un calcul des échanges thermiques sur les différentes partie du corps et l'analyse des températures d'équilibre et bilans de puissance qui en résultent, caractérisé en ce que le procédé détermine simultanément, pour estimer un indice de confort: 10. A method of managing thermal comfort in a passenger compartment using an estimated model of thermal sensations and thermal comfort based on a calculation of the heat exchanges on the different parts of the body and the analysis of equilibrium temperatures and power balances that result, characterized in that the method simultaneously determines, for estimating a comfort index:
- l'activité métabolique du ou des passagers, issue de données de mesures et/ou d'un modèle d'estimation prédéterminé,  the metabolic activity of the passenger or passengers resulting from measurement data and / or from a predetermined estimation model,
- le niveau d'habillement du ou des passagers, issu de données de mesures et/ou d'un modèle d'estimation prédéterminé,  - the level of clothing of the passenger or passengers, derived from measurement data and / or from a predetermined estimation model,
- les échanges par convection, rayonnement et contact avec le ou les passagers, pris sur au moins six zones distinctes du corps.  - exchanges by convection, radiation and contact with the passenger or passengers, taken on at least six distinct areas of the body.
PCT/FR2018/051043 2017-05-03 2018-04-25 Thermal management system for a motor vehicle passenger compartment WO2018202984A1 (en)

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