JPH108443A - Form structure for structure and construction method for structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a form which has a simple structure and is self-supported without a crane or the like. SOLUTION: A standard form 1 and a small-sized form 2 are alternately arranged on a flattening concrete 3A to install a saw-tooth form, and concrete is placed in this form. After that, in order to fill up the saw-tooth recessed part, the standard form 1 is installed on the small-sized form, and further concrete is placed to be bulky. Hereinafter, similarly installation of the standard form 1 and placing of concrete are repeated several times, and in the uppermost stage, the small-sized form 2 is installed in such a manner as to fill up the saw-tooth recessed part, and the top ends are made uniform to place concrete.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a formwork structure for a structure and a method of constructing a structure using the same.

More specifically, a unit form is continuously provided in the height direction and the lateral direction, and serves as a concrete form to be cast, and a structural form for forming a part of the structure. The present invention relates to a structure and a method of constructing a structure such as a dam body using the structure.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when constructing a structure such as a dam embankment, when constructing a small structure, a wooden or steel formwork is mainly assembled manually, and anchors and thick ends are used. The concrete is poured into this formwork, and after the poured concrete is solidified, the formwork is removed and concrete is poured on the upper part by the same procedure. It was building structures repeatedly. When constructing a relatively large-sized structure, a so-called slide form system in which a movable form is slid using hydraulic pressure or electricity has been used.

However, in the construction method of assembling manually,
The burden on the worker is large, and a work scaffold must be created each time the formwork is assembled. This requires time and effort, and there is a risk of a fall accident if safety measures are not strictly implemented. Further, if the anchor or the like is not frequently taken, deformation of the mold will occur, resulting in a decrease in finished quality and the like.

On the other hand, a method of constructing a structure using a slide-type mold requires a large-scale apparatus to be used for the method, which increases costs and is suitable for constructing a large structure. However, the construction of a small structure is not worth the cost.

Therefore, in recent years, various methods have been proposed for a method of constructing a structure by using precast concrete and integrating the precast concrete and the concrete to be cast, and a precast concrete panel used for the method. .

As one example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-64612 discloses a panel which is continuously connected in a height direction and a horizontal direction, serves also as a form of cast concrete, and becomes a part of a concrete body. It consists of a plate-shaped main body and a projection continuously protruding in the height direction on the concrete skeleton side of the main body and juxtaposed in the horizontal direction.
There is disclosed a formwork / concrete panel in which an insertion hole through which a steel rod for connecting with each other is inserted is formed. In addition, a new formwork / concrete panel is continuously installed on the already installed formwork / concrete panel, and the steel rod inserted into the insertion hole of the newly provided formwork / concrete panel and the lower mold are connected. After connecting the steel rod of the concrete panel which also serves as a frame, concrete is poured on the projecting side of the new concrete panel which also serves as a formwork, and a new concrete panel also serves as a formwork. The method of constructing a formwork / concrete panel, which is installed while being connected to each other in the height direction, is disclosed.

[0008]

In the concrete panel described in the above publication, steel rods are provided on the concrete panel, and when this is used as a formwork, the steel rods of the existing concrete panel and the new concrete panel are used. Are connected with a coupler, and the concrete panels are fixed with bolts and nuts so that the new concrete panel can stand on its own.

However, this structure requires a steel bar, a coupler, a bolt and a nut, etc. to make the concrete panel self-supporting, so that the concrete panel cannot stand alone. Therefore, when the new concrete panel is made to stand on its own, the new concrete panel is supported by some means (the specific publication does not disclose any specific means) while the steel bars are being connected. The workability is not excellent. Furthermore, the technical idea described in the publication is that the panels are arranged in a grid pattern, connected by steel bars in the height direction, connected by plates and bolts in the horizontal direction, and supplementarily vertically adjacently. The metal parts whose parts are buried in the ends in advance are connected to each other with bolts and nuts, and there is no idea that the concrete panel will be made independent.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a formwork structure for a structure which has a simple structure and which is capable of stably and independently standing by itself, thereby providing excellent assembling workability. It is in.

Another object of the present invention is to make it possible to efficiently construct a structure by applying the formwork structure for a structure.

[0012]

According to the present invention, there is provided a formwork structure for a structure, in which unit formwork is continuously provided in a height direction and a lateral direction, and a concrete formwork to be cast. And a structural formwork constituting a part of the structure; wherein the unit formwork has a main body wall having an outer surface forming a wall surface of the structure, and a back surface of the main body wall. A support wall portion protruding from the brim is formed integrally with the main body wall portion, and the lower surface of the main body wall portion and the lower surface of the support wall portion are substantially at the same level; The main body walls are arranged on the same plane with the respective main body walls adjacent to the lower unit formwork located thereunder, and the main body walls are laterally adjacent to the one unit formwork and are the same. Connection between two adjacent horizontal unit forms arranged on a plane, which is arranged after the adjacent arrangement Each is integrally connected via the wood, it is characterized in that the said level in said one unit formwork is concrete joint surface.

In the present invention, since the main body wall and the support wall are supported by each other to be self-supporting, there is no need for any means for erecting when the structure form is installed. . Therefore, it has a simple structure and excellent workability.

Here, as the unit formwork used in the present invention, a unit form in which the support wall portion is formed substantially only from the center to the lower portion of the main body wall portion is preferably used.

In the present invention, preferably, the aforementioned 1
The main body walls of the two unit forms are in mesh with the lower unit form body wall located below.

Since the main body wall of one unit mold and the lower unit mold main body wall located below the unit mold are engaged with each other, the unit mold located above can be arranged in a stable state. . As a specific mode of this engagement, for example, the upper surface of the main body wall portion is formed in a convex shape, and the lower surface is formed in a concave shape having the same curvature as the convex shape of the upper surface.

Furthermore, in the present invention, preferably, a notch portion for biting a jack is formed between the lower end surface of the support wall portion and the concrete joining surface.

By adjusting the height of the rear portion of the formwork by engaging a jack or the like in the notch, the gradient of the formwork surface can be easily adjusted.

Further, in the present invention, it is possible to adopt a structure in which the lower portions of the two adjacent horizontal unit forms are buried in the already-cast concrete under the joint surface.

Further, the lower part of the two adjacent horizontal unit forms may be embedded substantially entirely in the lower part of the two adjacent horizontal unit forms in the already-cast concrete under the joint surface. it can.

In the present invention, it is preferable that the lower unit form and two adjacent horizontal unit forms constitute the lowermost wall of the structural form. At least two are connected via a support member between the main body wall rear surface and an anchor that is placed corresponding to a position behind the main body wall portion on the construction base surface,
It is fixed to the construction base surface.

As described above, by fixing at least two of the unit formwork groups constituting the lowermost wall of the structure formwork to the anchor cast on the construction base surface via the support member,
It is possible to reliably prevent the two unit molds from falling over. In addition, the other unit formwork that constitutes this unit formwork group is directly or indirectly connected to two unit formwork fixed to the construction base surface via a connecting member,
It is possible to reliably prevent other unit molds from overturning.

Further, in the method of constructing a structure according to the present invention using the above-described formwork structure, concrete is cast on a structure formwork in which unit formworks are continuously provided in a height direction and a lateral direction. And a structure is constructed while leaving the structure form; the unit form has a main body wall having an outer surface forming a wall surface of the structure, and the main body wall has The back wall of the support wall is formed integrally with the main body wall, and the lower surface of the main body wall and the lower surface of the support wall are substantially at the same level; Are arranged in such a manner that the upper end surfaces of the main body walls are staggered, and when the upper unit form group row is arranged with respect to the lower unit form group row, the saw teeth mesh with each other. And that the adjacent unit forms are connected to each other by connecting members. It is an.

Preferably, two types of unit forms having different body wall heights are staggered at the upper end face of each body wall as the lowermost unit form group row of the structure. Arrange and configure.

In a more desirable mode, a unit mold having a main body wall having a length corresponding to the height is arranged so that the saw teeth of the uppermost unit form group row are filled in the recesses and the height of the upper end of the main body wall is made uniform. It is something to arrange.

[0026]

Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings. The unit form 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is a unit form of a standard size (hereinafter referred to as “standard form”), and the unit form 2 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
Is a small unit formwork (hereinafter, referred to as "small formwork"), and both are so-called precast concrete.

The standard formwork 1 is composed of a main body wall 11 whose outer surface constitutes the wall surface of the structure, and a support wall 12 formed integrally with and protruding from the back surface 11A of the main body wall 11. The upper end surface 11B of the main body wall portion 11 projects upward and has a cross-section having a curved (for example, circular) convex shape, and the lower end surface 11C has a concave shape whose cross-section has substantially the same curvature as this curve. Even when the standard form 1 and the standard form 1 are stacked in the height direction, even if the gradient of the standard form 1 of the lower form and the gradient of the standard form 1 of the upper form change, they contact without gap. Have been to be.

The side surfaces 11D and 11E are tapered so as to narrow from the outer surface 11F toward the back surface 11A. Since the outer surface 11F constitutes the wall surface of the structure to be constructed, appropriate makeup is applied according to the scene of the place where the structure is constructed. Also, six inserts 11a to 11f are drilled in the rear surface 11A, and bolts or other bolts for locking the connection fittings are screwed when connected to the adjacent formwork. ing.

On the other hand, concave grooves 12A and 12B are formed in the support wall 12 so as to increase the contact area with the cast concrete after solidification and to resist shearing force when constructing a structure. In addition, a through hole 12C communicating with the concave grooves 12A and 12B is formed. Further, a notch 12D for biting a jack or the like is cut in an inverted L-shape, for example, at the lower rear end of the support wall 12 so that the inclination angle of the standard form 1 can be finely adjusted. It is formed. Further, the lower surface of the main body wall 11 and the support wall 12
The lower surface of the support wall portion 12E is substantially the same level as the lower surface of the support wall portion 12, as shown in FIG.
Is slightly higher than the lowermost side of the lower end surface 11C of the main body wall 11, for example, about 2 cm higher. The level is determined within a range that does not impair the unit form itself.

The dimensions of the standard form 1 are, for example, that the height of the main body wall 11 is 2 m, the width is 1 m, and the weight is about 1 t.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the small formwork 2 is different from the standard formwork 1 in that the length of the main body wall 21 in the height direction is smaller than that of the standard formwork 1. Is approximately half of the length in the height direction, and the inserts 21a to 21d are different in a portion having four inserts, and the other specifications are the same as the standard form 1. Therefore, the same parts are denoted by reference numerals in the 20's, and the description thereof will be omitted.

Next, a method of constructing a structure using these structural forms 1 and 2 will be described. (1) First, the target ground on which a structure is to be constructed is excavated to a certain depth of a stable ground (for example, rock) and leveled there. (2) After that, the leveling concrete casting formwork 40 is installed at a predetermined position on the upstream and downstream of the dam.
After drilling every m, the anchor reinforcing bar 41 is inserted and fixed. An angle 42 is horizontally arranged on the anchor rebar 41 so as to match the installation height of the leveling concrete casting formwork 40 and is fixed by welding or the like. (3) Pour leveling concrete 3A with a pump truck or crane truck.

(See FIG. 6) After the casting, as shown in FIG. 7, the support walls of the two small molds 2 are used to stabilize the first-stage small mold 2 at the time of concrete casting. Part 22
Anchor reinforcing bars 43 are inserted one by one on both sides of the position corresponding to the installation.

(4) As described above, the lower end surfaces of the support wall portion 12 of the large formwork 1 and the support wall portion 22 of the small formwork 2 are positioned approximately 2 cm higher than the main body wall portions 11 and 21. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7, empty kneading mortar 5 is spread at a pitch of 1 m in the space for the purpose of adjusting the height and gradient of the unit molds 1 and 2 and reliably filling concrete.

(5) The unit forms 1 and 2 which are carried in by truck and temporarily placed are lifted by a truck crane and set at a predetermined position.

(6) As shown in FIG. 8, the unit mold 1, the camber and the jack 6 biting the notch 12D
Fine adjustment of the height and the gradient of the mortar 2 is performed.
And after filling, the jack 6 is removed. Check the installation height using a level, installation as a transit, and installation slope as a slant.

(7) Next, as shown in FIG. 9, the vertical joint between the unit molds 1 and 2 is sealed with, for example, a butyl rubber-based sealing material 7, and the connecting member 8, for example, a channel steel material 8A and a bolt 8B. With the inserts 11d, 21
a (11c, 21b) is connected and fixed by the joint hardware 8A. In this manner, as shown in FIG. 10, the unit molds 1, 2,... Are alternately arranged in the horizontal direction, and the upper end faces are arranged so as to be staggered, and a part of the structural mold is formed. To form

(8) Thereafter, hooks 44 are screwed to the inserts 21c and 21d of the small formwork 2 as shown in FIG.
The hook 44 and the anchor reinforcing bar 43 are connected by a turnbuckle 45. In this way, the unit forms 1 and 2 that are directly or indirectly connected to the small forms 2 and 2 via the connecting members 8 and the small forms 2 and 2 fixed to the anchor rebar, Fall is prevented.

(9) Then, using a crane truck or a concrete pump truck, the unit frames 1, 2,... Connected by the connecting members 8, 8,. Concrete 3B is poured to the height of.

(10) The concrete 3B is sprinkled with water or a curing mat is used.
Cure B. When the curing is completed, the latence is removed and the placing of the concrete 3B is completed.

(11) After the concrete 3B has been cast, the concrete 3C is further raised to a height of about 50 cm, as shown by the solid line in FIG. 12, in the same manner as the process shown in (9). Is installed. Then, the concrete 3C is cured in the same manner as in the step shown in (10), and the casting is completed.

(12) Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 13, 2 m of empty kneading mortar 5 is provided in the space for the purpose of adjusting the height and gradient of the standard form 1 and securely filling the concrete.
At the same pitch, the temporarily placed standard formwork 1 is lifted by a truck crane, and the lower unit formwork group row is meshed with the sawtooth of the lower unit formwork group row and the upper unit formwork group row. A new standard form 1 is placed on top of the small form 2
Place. The upper part of the standard form 1 forming the lower unit form group row and the lower part of the standard form 1 forming the lower unit form group row are connected to each other between adjacent unit forms 1 and 1. Connected by 8.

(13) In the same manner as in the step (6), the height of the unit mold 1 and the gradient are finely adjusted by the jack 6 in which the jack 6 is bitten by the camber and the notch 12D. After the adjustment, the blank kneading mortar 5 is again pressed into the gap formed at the bottom of the standard form 1 to be filled, and then the jack 6 is removed. Next, the vertical joints between the standard molds 1 and 1 are sealed with, for example, a butyl rubber-based sealing material 7 and the inserts 11d and 11a (1
1b and 11c) are connected and fixed by the joint hardware 8A.

(14) Then, as shown in FIG. 14, in the same manner as in the step (9), concrete 3D is poured to a height of about 1 m, and in the same manner as in the step (10), the concrete 3D is cast. Complete the 3D casting.

Thereafter, the steps (12) to (14) are repeated to complete the casting to the concrete 3G as shown in FIG.

(15) Next, concrete 3H is cast. At this time, since the slope of the structure changes above the concrete 3H, as shown in FIG. The small mold 2 is arranged between the standard molds 1 and 1 so as to fill the concave portion and make the height of the upper end of the main body wall uniform. Then, when casting concrete 3H, as shown in FIG. 17, for stabilizing the deformed formwork 1 installed above the concrete 3H at the time of concrete placement, as shown in FIG.
1, anchor bars 43 are inserted one by one on both sides of the position corresponding to the installation of the support wall, and concrete 3
After the casting of H is completed, the empty kneading mortar 5 is spread at a pitch of 1 m for the purpose of adjusting the height and gradient of the deformed formwork 1 and securely filling the concrete.

(16) The deformed formwork 1 loaded and temporarily placed on a truck is lifted by a truck crane and set at a predetermined position. Thereafter, concrete is poured and completed in the same manner as in the steps shown in (9) and (10), and when the final concrete 3J is completed, the structure, as shown in FIG. Complete.

By the way, as the construction of the structure progresses in this way, work is performed at a high place, and there is a risk that a worker working at a high place may fall. In order to avoid this danger and prevent the worker from falling from a high place, as shown in FIG. 19, it is preferable to install a handrail 30 between the standard molds 1 and 1 projecting in the height direction. It is suitable. In order to install the handrail 30, for example, a mounting bracket 31 as shown in FIGS.
33 are screwed to the inserts 11a and 11b, and the single tube 34 is fixed to the inserts 11a and 11b to form the handrail 30. Here, in order to fix the single pipe 34 to the mounting bracket 31, the bolt 3
The single pipe 34 penetrates the ring 31B fixed to 1A, and can be subjected to ring welding. Further, in order to fix the single tube 34 to the mounting bracket 32, the single tube 34 penetrates the hook portion 32B fixed to the bolt 32A, and the fastening screw 32
C, the hook 32B is tightened.
B may be clamp-welded. Furthermore, the mounting bracket 3
In order to fix the single tube 34 to the single tube 34, the single tube 34 may be sandwiched between the reinforcing bars 33B, 33B fixed to the bolt 33A, and the reinforcing bars 33B, 33B and the single tube 34 may be welded.

Since these standard molds 1 and 2 are made of precast concrete, they are produced in a factory and transported to a construction site. For example, as shown in FIGS. Then 8 standard formwork 1,1
.. Can be loaded on the truck 40 and transported.

As shown in FIGS. 23 and 24,
Using the lifting angle 50, the standard form 1 is lifted by a crane or the like (not shown), and the standard form 1 is placed at a predetermined position.
Can be arranged. The lifting angle 50 is
Lifting holes 51, 51 are provided near both ends in the longitudinal direction, and fixing bolt holes 52, 52 are provided on the inner side in the longitudinal direction at the same interval as the width between the inserts 11e, 11f formed in the standard form 1. Perforated. The fixing angles 53 are fixed to the standard form 1 by screwing the fixing bolts 53, 53 to the inserts 11e, 11f through the fixing bolt holes 52, 52. Then, the lifting hardware 55, 55 to which the wire 54 is fixed
Penetrating the lifting holes 51, 51,
The standard form 1 can be arranged at a predetermined position by lifting the wire with a crane or the like.

[0051]

As described above, according to the present invention, a formwork structure for a structure which has a simple structure and which is excellent in the assembling workability by stably and independently standing by the panel itself. Can be provided. In addition, it is possible to efficiently construct a structure by applying the formwork structure for a structure.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a rear perspective view of a mold according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view thereof.

FIG. 3 is a rear view thereof.

FIG. 4 is a rear perspective view of a small formwork according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a rear view thereof.

FIG. 6 is a side view showing a state where the formwork according to the present invention is leveled on concrete.

FIG. 7 is a front view showing a state in which empty kneading mortar is laid on leveling concrete.

FIG. 8 is a side view showing a state in which the gradient of the formwork according to the present invention is being adjusted.

FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a state where the molds according to the present invention are fixed to each other with a fitting hardware.

FIG. 10 is a rear view showing a state where a mold according to the present invention is arranged.

FIG. 11 is a side view of a mold according to the present invention fixed by an anchor.

FIG. 12 is a partial perspective view showing a state where concrete is poured into a formwork according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a partial perspective view showing a state where unit molds are further arranged on cast concrete.

FIG. 14 is a partial perspective view showing a state where concrete is further poured.

FIG. 15 is a side sectional view of a structure under construction.

FIG. 16 is a back view of the wall surface of the structure under construction.

FIG. 17 is a back view of the structure under construction.

FIG. 18 is a longitudinal sectional view of the constructed structure.

FIG. 19 is a partial perspective view showing a state in which a handrail for preventing falling is erected.

FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram showing various aspects of a handrail for preventing falling.

FIG. 21 is a side view of a truck carrying a formwork according to the present invention.

FIG. 22 is a side view thereof.

FIG. 23 is a front view of an angle used when arranging the formwork according to the present invention.

FIG. 24 is a perspective view showing a state in which a mold according to the present invention is installed.

[Explanation of symbols]

1: Standard formwork, 2: Small formwork, 3: Concrete, 40
... Forming concrete casting formwork, 41,43 ... Anchor rebar, 42 ... Angle, 44 ... Hook, 45 ... Turnbuckle, 5 ... Empty mortar, 6 ... Jack, 7 ... Seal material, 8 ... 8 ... Connection Means, 8A: Joint hardware, 8B: Joint bolt, 11, 21: Body wall, 12, 22: Support wall.

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A structural formwork provided with a unit formwork continuously in a height direction and a lateral direction to serve as a concrete formwork to be cast and as a part of a structure; The unit mold has an outer surface that has a main body wall that constitutes a wall surface of the structure, and a support wall that protrudes from the back of the main body wall is formed integrally with the main body wall. The lower surface of the main body wall and the lower surface of the support wall portion are substantially at the same level; one unit form is arranged such that each main body wall is adjacent to a lower unit form located thereunder. Between two adjacent horizontal unit molds which are arranged on the same plane and which are arranged on the same plane with each body wall portion being laterally adjacent to the one unit mold, after the adjacent arrangement. Respectively connected together via a connecting member provided, and A formwork structure for a structure, characterized in that a concrete joint surface is provided at the level described above. 2. The formwork structure for a structure according to claim 1, wherein said support wall portion is formed only from a substantially center to a lower portion of the main body wall portion. 3. The structural formwork structure according to claim 1, wherein the body wall of the one unit formwork is in mesh with a lower unit formwork body wall located below the unit formwork. 4. A formwork structure for a structure according to claim 1, wherein a notch portion for biting a jack is formed between a lower end surface of said support wall portion and said concrete joining surface. 5. The formwork structure for a structure according to claim 1, wherein the lower portions of the two adjacent horizontal unit forms are buried in the concrete already placed under the joint surface. 6. The structure according to claim 1, wherein the lower part of the two adjacent horizontal unit forms is substantially entirely buried in the concrete already placed under the joint surface. Formwork structure for goods. 7. The case where the lower unit form and two adjacent horizontal unit forms constitute the lowermost wall of the structural form, and at least two of these unit form groups are composed of at least two of them. The anchor between the rear surface of the main body wall portion and an anchor that is placed at a position rearward from the main body wall portion on the construction base surface is connected via a support member, and is fixed to the construction base surface. 2. The structure form for a structure according to 1. 8. A structure is constructed by casting concrete into a structural form having a unit form continuously provided in the height direction and the lateral direction, and leaving the structure form. The unit mold has a main body wall part whose outer surface constitutes a wall surface of the structure, and a support wall part whose back surface protrudes aside is integrated with the main body wall part. The lower surface of the main body wall portion and the lower surface of the support wall portion are substantially at the same level. The unit form group arranged in the horizontal direction is formed by the upper end surface of each main body wall portion. When the upper unit form group row is arranged with respect to the lower unit form group group, the saw unit is arranged so as to mesh with each other, and the adjacent unit form forms are connected to each other by a connecting member. A method for constructing a structure characterized by the following. 9. A lowermost unit form group group row of the structure,
9. The method for constructing a structure according to claim 8, wherein two types of unit forms having different body wall heights are arranged so that the upper end faces of the body walls are staggered. 10. A unit mold having a main body wall having a length corresponding to the height of the uppermost unit form group row so as to fill the recesses with the saw teeth and align the heights of the upper ends of the main body walls. Item 10. A method for constructing a structure according to Item 8.