JPH1038234A - Thermal decomposition and incineration unit - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To unify the equipment and the operation, to improve the economy, and to improve the durability of the equipment by dividing the inside of a furnace into the thermal decomposition zone, the gas combustion zone, the secondary combustion zone, and the surface combustion zone to realize a furnace body of integrated structure type. SOLUTION: An inside part of a furnace of a thermal decomposition incinerator body 6 is divided into the thermal decomposition zone 6A, the gas combustion zone 6B, the secondary combustion zone 6C, and the surface combustion zone 6D. The thermal decomposition zone 6A and the gas combustion zone 6B are continuously located in a horizontal part, and the secondary combustion zone 6C and the surface combustion zone 6D are located in upper and lower parts continuously in the vertical direction. In the inside part of the furnace of the thermal decomposition incinerator body 6, the combustion control is performed by the air compartment group, and the consistent incineration can be performed in series singly in the furnace from the charge of the stuff to be burned to the discharge of ash.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pyrolysis incinerator for pyrolysis and incineration of various kinds of wastes such as medical and industrial wastes, shredder dusts and general wastes having a large amount of waste plastics.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A fixed-bed batch furnace is often used for conventional incineration of medical waste containing waste plastics. FIG. 7 shows general equipment of such a pyrolysis incinerator, and FIG. 8 shows the operation progress (temporal change in temperature) of the pyrolysis incineration process. In such an apparatus, the processed material is placed in a charging bucket 101.
Is injected into the thermal decomposition furnace 103 through the opened inlet 109, and the ignition temperature is raised by the starting burner 105. The heat input required for pyrolysis is the starting burner 105
In addition, it is generated by air introduced from the gasification blower 110 through the hearth air port 106, and thermally decomposes combustibles to generate pyrolyzed combustible gas. The pyrolytic combustible gas reaches the secondary combustion furnace 114 from the upper gas outlet of the pyrolysis furnace 103 via the gas duct 117. At the inlet of the secondary combustion furnace 114, an auxiliary burner 113 is provided, and the secondary combustion fan 112 performs complete combustion of the generated pyrolysis gas by the secondary air introduced into the gas duct 117. The exhaust gas after the combustion is discharged from the exhaust stack 115. On the other hand, the residue after releasing the pyrolysis gas becomes char and forms the pyrolysis furnace 1
03, and accumulates at the bottom of the primary combustion fan 111.
The charcoal fire is incinerated by air introduced through the combustion air hole 107. After a lapse of a predetermined time, the ash content of the char after the cooling process is taken out by opening the ash outlet 104. The operation process of waste pyrolysis incineration in this facility is as follows:
This is as shown in FIG. In a fixed-bed batch furnace, ash is removed after a large amount of processed material is supplied at one time and the processing time has been approximately one night. After the ash is removed, the batch is charged, and after closing the sealing of the inlet 109, the starting burner 105 is ignited, the temperature is raised and the carbonization is performed in the pyrolysis furnace 103, and the generation of combustible gas by the thermal decomposition of volatile components is started. I do. At the same time, the auxiliary burner 113 in the secondary combustion furnace 114 is ignited, and the pyrolysis gas introduced via the gas duct 117 is ignited and burned. As shown in FIG. 8, the incineration of the treated material is generally carried out every day.
The pyrolysis gasification reaction takes place in the reactor, during which the gas temperature is 40
The gasification dry distillation is performed between 0 ° C. and 600 ° C., and the generated gas is simultaneously burned in the secondary combustion furnace 114 between 800 ° C. and 1100 ° C. during this time. The treated product after the gasification of the volatiles in the pyrolysis furnace 103 becomes residual char and settles down in the lower portion of the pyrolysis furnace 103, and is heated by the char combustion air introduced from the hearth air hole and the starting burner 105. Char combustion is continued, and after raising the temperature to about 800 ° C. to 1000 ° C., the combustion shifts to fire combustion. Furnace burning is continued for about 4 to 5 hours until the incineration of the remaining unburned material is completed, and then the burning of the burning is measured in the state of the fire. After about 9 to 10 hours, the ash exit 10
4 is discharged after opening. In the case of batch processing, it is operated in a closed state for about 20 to 22 hours except for the time for ashing and processing material introduction. In addition, 102 is a horizontal two-point hanging electric trolley chain block, 108 is a cooling water spray nozzle, 11
0 is a gasification blower and 116 is an auxiliary fuel tank.

[0003]

For medical wastes containing a large amount of polymer-based plastic waste, a fixed-bed batch furnace shown in FIG. 7 is often used, and thermal decomposition and incineration of the treated material is carried out. Have been done. In such a furnace, stable combustion and sanitary and low-pollution incineration are indispensable for performing complete sterilization at a high temperature. In addition, small- and medium-scale furnaces require particularly economical equipment that is easy to operate and maintain. As a drawback of the batch type processing furnace, a large amount of the batch is measured, the ratio of the equipment scale to the processing amount becomes large, and a large space is required. Further, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 in operation, a pyrolysis furnace for generating a pyrolysis gas into which the treated material is injected and a secondary combustion furnace for burning the generated gas are required. Again, double caution is needed. In addition, since a large amount of material to be treated is put into the furnace at a time, the time required for the treatment is long, and the operational effect is poor. In the pyrolysis gas furnace in the reference, the introduction of air is restricted during the gasification reaction, and the pyrolysis of the polymer plastic is performed at 400 to 600 ° C. At the same time, the high temperature combustion of the introduced gas is performed in the secondary combustion furnace. The treated material after the gasification of volatile components in the cracking furnace becomes residual char and settles on the hearth, where it is necessary to further incinerate the char for a long time. At this time, the secondary combustion furnace only introduces the residual heat of the char combustion gas. In such a state, the time required for the treatment requires 20 to 22 hours including the time required for cooling the furnace and removing the ash as shown in the illustrated example. The following are common issues in pyrolysis incinerators of processed materials containing a large amount of high polymer waste such as medical waste, waste plastic, shredder dust, and the like. When performing high-temperature combustion of a treated material containing a large amount of polymer-based waste, there is a smoke phenomenon accompanying the generation of tar components, and it is difficult to maintain stable combustion. Despite the long-term thermal decomposition, the supply distribution of air and gas is not uniform, so that high-temperature combustion occurs locally and high-temperature corrosion of the furnace material occurs. In addition, acid corrosion due to partial supercooling has occurred at a contact or leaking part with cold air. Due to the uneven combustion of the fire at the bottom of the furnace, unburned components are likely to remain, and sterilization of medical wastes may be incomplete, causing problems in ash treatment.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has been made in order to solve the problems. It is an object of the present invention to provide a two-part system of a batch type pyrolysis furnace and a secondary combustion furnace. In order to reduce the processing time and to achieve efficient complete incineration, the furnace body adopts an integrated collective structure system that enables continuous or intermittent incineration of each processed material pack, and unifies equipment and operation. An object of the present invention is to provide a pyrolysis incinerator capable of improving economic efficiency and improving the durability of equipment.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a furnace body having a triple structure on the outer peripheral side, the outermost layer being a divided air layer, the intermediate layer being a water-cooled layer, and the inner layer being a fireproof layer. Air nozzles, which are each constituted by a material structure and penetrate through the intermediate layer and the inner layer to the outermost air layer and communicate with the furnace, are provided in the longitudinal direction, circumferential direction, and front and rear surfaces of the furnace, respectively. The pyrolysis zone, gas combustion zone, secondary combustion zone and bonfire combustion zone are divided from the input side toward the discharge port side.The pyrolysis zone and the gas combustion zone are divided horizontally, and the secondary combustion zone and The igniting combustion zone is divided into upper and lower zones, a starting burner is arranged in the pyrolysis zone, an auxiliary burner is arranged in the gas combustion zone, and a furnace outlet duct facing the secondary combustion zone is provided. Connect downstream to scrubber A discharge port is provided downstream of the igniting combustion zone, an in-furnace baffle having the above air nozzle is provided at the boundary between the gas combustion zone and the secondary combustion zone, and the gas frame at the outlet of the gas combustion zone is U-turned. It consists of a means to improve the mixed ignition of fuel gas, to extend the residence time in the furnace, to separate the gas and char, and to promote the complete burning of the residue inside the char by applying radiant heat to the igniting combustion zone. Things.

Here, as a preferred mode, a plurality of sliding special grate having an air nozzle therein are provided in a vertical combustion step in a vertical fire combustion zone, and each grate is alternately arranged in the front-rear direction in each step. It is provided to be able to advance and retreat freely, thereby facilitating burning agitating combustion and discharging ash. Further, an evaporating cylinder is provided for separating the steam-water mixture generated in the water-cooled layer in the middle layer of the furnace body,
A water pipe for circulation is arranged between the water cooling layer and the evaporating cylinder, and the hot water separated by the evaporating cylinder is recirculated to the water cooling layer and the steam is sent, and the saturation temperature obtained by arbitrarily adjusting the pressure in the evaporating tower is obtained. The hot water is circulated through the water cooling layer to maintain the furnace wall temperature of the furnace body at a constant temperature to prevent corrosion. In addition, a furnace outlet gas outlet for extracting combustion gas is provided in the furnace outlet duct, and the downstream side of the furnace outlet gas outlet communicates with a recirculation gas furnace inlet provided to the pyrolysis zone in the furnace. A high-temperature gas is extracted by an ejector provided downstream of the gas outlet at the furnace outlet, and is recirculated to the pyrolysis zone in the furnace to control the rate of pyrolysis and to suppress combustion of the pyrolysis gas to the incineration zone. To make it possible. Further, the outer periphery of the scrubber to which the downstream side of the furnace outlet duct is connected is formed with a water cooling jacket for the scrubber to have a water jacket structure.The water cooling jacket for the scrubber and the evaporating cylinder are communicated with a water pipe, and the circulating water is branched from the evaporating cylinder. Is introduced to maintain the water temperature in the jacket and prevent corrosion. Further, an emergency exhaust pipe is provided in the furnace outlet duct, a chemical spray nozzle is arranged on the upper part of the scrubber, and a lower part is a neutralization liquid injection reservoir.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically based on embodiments of the invention shown in the drawings. Here, FIG. 1 is a system flow diagram of the pyrolysis incinerator, FIG. 2 (A) is a schematic side sectional view of a pyrolysis incinerator main body of the pyrolysis incinerator, and FIG. 2 (B) is FIG. ) Is a cross-sectional view taken along the left half arrow BB, FIG. 2C is a cross-sectional view taken along the right half arrow EE of FIG. 2A, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of a pyrolysis incinerator main body of the pyrolysis incinerator, FIG. 5 is a view on the right half of CC in FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is DD in FIG. It is a left half arrow view.

In the figure, a pyrolysis incinerator 1 is an apparatus for pyrolysis incineration of various kinds of wastes such as medical and industrial wastes, shredder dusts, general garbage, etc., which have a large amount of waste plastics. The pyrolysis incinerator main body 6 adopts an integrated collective structure system that enables continuous or intermittent incineration of each pack of the processed material a, thereby unifying equipment and operation, improving economic efficiency, and improving equipment durability. Features that can be.

[0009] The hopper 2 is a place where the processing object a is charged, and is provided at one end side of the pyrolysis incinerator main body 6. A processing object pushing device 3 for pushing the processing object a put into the bottom of the hopper 2 into the pyrolysis incinerator main body 6 is provided outside the bottom side of the hopper 2. For example, a cylinder mechanism is used in the workpiece pushing device 3.

A furnace entrance door 4 is attached to one end of the pyrolysis incinerator main body 6 on the side connected to the hopper 2.
A furnace entrance door opening / closing device 5 that slides and opens the furnace entrance door 4 is provided. The furnace entrance door opening / closing device 5 uses, for example, a cylinder mechanism.

The pyrolysis incinerator main body 6 is a place where various wastes such as medical and industrial wastes, shredder dusts, general wastes, etc. having a large amount of waste plastics are pyrolyzed and incinerated. It has a triple structure. The outermost layer of the pyrolysis incinerator body 6 is composed of an air layer having a dividing plate 9a therein, an intermediate layer of a water-cooled layer, and an inner layer of a refractory material structure.

That is, the main body 6 of the pyrolysis incinerator comprises a refractory wall 7 in the furnace constituting the in-furnace combustion chamber, a water cooling jacket 8 composed of a steel plate surrounding the outer periphery thereof, and a dividing plate 9 surrounding the outermost wall.
a and an air cooling jacket 9 having a number of air nozzles 10.

When viewed from the side, the pyrolysis incinerator main body 6 has a shape in which one end of a horizontally installed cylindrical body is formed so as to have a right downward angle, ie, a horizontal portion and upper and lower portions which are formed downward at a right angle. The horizontal cylindrical body portion and the upper and lower cylindrical body portions are joined and connected by respective flanges 6a formed circumferentially at respective joining ends. The pyrolysis incinerator main body 6 is divided into blocks by a flange 6a to facilitate manufacture of each block, and can be integrally assembled after the manufacture.

The cylindrical inner layer of the pyrolysis incinerator main body 6 is constituted by an in-furnace refractory wall 7, and a water-cooling jacket 8 is formed on the inner wall of the in-furnace refractory wall 7.
An air-cooling jacket 9 is formed on the outer periphery.

[0015] The molten pool 6 formed in the hearth portion of the horizontal portion
A refractory weir 7b in the hearth as an E weir is formed. The hearth portion of the melting reservoir 6E is made of a hearth refractory material 7c. As described above, the molten pool 6E is composed of the hearth refractory material 7c and the hearth refractory weir 7b, and is thermally decomposed and burned from the molten pool air internal pipe 24a and the molten pool air introduction pipe 24b built in the wall. With the introduction of air injection, pyrolysis and gas combustion can be promoted.

The inside of the furnace of the pyrolysis incinerator main body 6 has a pyrolysis zone 6A, a gas combustion zone 6
B, secondary combustion zone 6C and bonfire combustion zone 6D
Among them, the pyrolysis zone 6A and the gas combustion zone 6B are continuously located in the horizontal portion, and the secondary combustion zone 6C and the fire combustion zone 6D are vertically located in the upper and lower portions. . An arc-shaped baffle 7a in the furnace is formed at a boundary between the gas combustion zone 6B and the secondary combustion zone 6C. Then, the split plate 9a in the air cooling jacket 9 is adjusted so that the air distribution can be adjusted.
A number of air nozzles 10 and the air nozzles 10a in the arch baffle, which are divided by a circle, are arranged.

The interior of the furnace of the pyrolysis incinerator main body 6 is made to be able to control combustion by these air conditioner groups, so that the incineration process is performed in a single furnace in a single furnace from the input of the treated material a to the discharge of ash. Can be done if possible.

In the thermal decomposition and incineration of polymer waste, the treated material a is first melted and liquefied in the process of endothermic temperature rise, dropped on the hearth, vaporized with the temperature rise, and started ignited combustion. For this reason, the refractory weir 7b in the hearth is provided at the outlet at the bottom of the furnace straddling the pyrolysis zone 6A and the gas combustion zone 6B of the pyrolysis incinerator main body 6, thereby forming a molten pool 6E and melting. It is possible to prevent the dripping of the material at an early stage, to promote the gasification by radiant heat of the polymer-based combustible material that has been melted and liquefied, and to measure the early ignition.

The cylindrical outer wall air layer of the pyrolysis incinerator main body 6 is formed by an air-cooled jacket 9 and has a plurality of air nozzles 1 in the longitudinal direction, circumferential direction, and front and rear surfaces of the furnace.
It has 0. An air nozzle 10a in the arch baffle is formed in the furnace arch baffle 7a at the boundary between the gas combustion zone 6B and the secondary combustion zone 6C. The air nozzle 10 and the air nozzle 1 in the arch baffle
No. 0a penetrates the water cooling wall of the middle layer and the refractory material wall, respectively, and makes the air cooling jacket 9 and the inside of the furnace communicate with each other. In addition, the supply of combustion air is measured, and the pressure-resistant members for air pressure and water pressure and the anchor for holding the refractory material can also be used.

The outer air layer composed of the air cooling jacket 9 is divided by a plurality of dividing plates 9a installed in the longitudinal direction of the furnace, and the inside of the air cooling jacket 9 divided by each dividing plate 9a is provided with the air nozzle 10 and the air nozzle 10 described above. The air nozzle 10a in the arch baffle can communicate with the inside of the furnace to measure the supply of combustion air, and the air conditioning part structure having the air nozzles 10 and the air nozzles 10a in the arch baffle arbitrarily divided by the dividing plates 9a,
Each air volume can be adjusted arbitrarily.

The refractory wall 7 and the arched baffle 7a in the furnace of the pyrolysis incinerator main body 6 are provided with a number of air nozzles 10 penetrating therethrough and the air nozzles 10a in the arch baffle as support anchors. Further, since the outer wall is cooled and protected by the water cooling jacket 8, the life of the furnace material can be extended without fear of high-temperature corrosion.

The water cooling jacket 8 is used for cooling the furnace wall and recovering heat by generating steam by flowing saturated water at a predetermined pressure inside the water cooling jacket 8.
0 and the air nozzle 10a in the arch baffle are welded and attached to the steel plate surrounding the inner and outer surfaces of the through hole so that the inner pressure of the water cooling jacket 8 can be sufficiently endured.

The starting burner 1 is provided in the above-mentioned pyrolysis zone 6A.
1 is arranged. The starting burner 11 is attached to a side surface inside the furnace of the pyrolysis incinerator main body 6 so as to be directed obliquely rearward. Further, an auxiliary burner 1 is provided in the gas combustion zone 6B.
2 are arranged. The auxiliary burner 12 is attached to the ceiling of the pyrolysis incinerator main body 6 inside the furnace so as to face downward.

The starting burner 11 and the auxiliary burner 12 are connected to a fuel tank 33 through a fuel supply pipe, and a fuel pump 34 is provided in the middle of the fuel supply pipe. The start-up burner 11 is provided with a start-up burner control valve 35, and the auxiliary burner 12 is provided with an auxiliary burner control valve 37. The starting burner control valve 35 is connected to the pyrolysis incinerator main body 6.
Temperature detection and control unit 36 provided in the pyrolysis zone 6A
The burner control valve 37 for auxiliary combustion is controlled by a temperature detection and controller 38 provided in the secondary combustion zone 6C of the pyrolysis incinerator main body 6.

The portion where the auxiliary burner 12 is installed in the gas combustion zone 6B is used as a primary combustion zone, and the internal combustion combustion zone 6D is provided at the outlet side of the downward vertical portion. (V-shaped) Air-cooled sliding special grate 13 of a baffle is provided vertically in a stepwise manner, and each grate 13 is provided alternately in each step so as to be able to move forward and backward. A discharge port 40 for discharging burned ash is formed on the opposite side of the sliding special grate 13, and a discharge port damper 40 a is attached to an end of the pyrolysis incinerator main body 6 in front of the discharge port 40. ing. Air nozzle 13
An air nozzle is opened at a, and the air for burning the charcoal is introduced and ejected.

The air nozzle 13a is provided with a grate air distribution duct 23a and a grate air inlet nozzle 24c, and the amount of air is adjusted by a grate air inlet damper 22a.

A sliding rod 13b is mounted on an extension of the air nozzle 13a of each grate 13, and the upper and lower sliding rods 13b are pivotally supported by one T-shaped link 13c.
Each of the plurality of T-shaped links 13 c is a grate sliding cylinder 13.
It is linked to d. By the sliding action of the grate sliding cylinder 13d, the link action of each T-shaped link 13c causes each grate 13 to alternately advance and retreat in the front-rear direction in each step alternately and accumulate in the sliding special grate 13. The unburned char is discharged through the discharge port 40 from the discharge port damper 40a formed at the bottom of the hearth while repeating the stirring, sliding and dropping of the unburned char, and the mixed incineration with air. It has a structure that allows easy discharge.

The sliding type special grate 13 makes the gas flame at the outlet of the gas combustion zone 6B U-turn to improve the mixing and ignition of unburned gas, thereby extending the residence time in the furnace and separating gas and char. , Fire burning zone 6D
In this method, the complete incineration of the char residue is promoted by applying radiant heat to the furnace, and gas is introduced into the secondary combustion zone 6C on the furnace outlet side.

The water cooling jacket 8 has a function of circulating hot water having a saturation temperature obtained by arbitrarily designing the pressure in the evaporating tower to maintain the furnace wall metal temperature at a constant temperature and to prevent corrosion. The steam-water mixture generated in the water-cooling jacket 8 is separated into steam and water in the evaporating cylinder, the hot water is recirculated from the lower part of the water-cooling wall via the downcomer, and the steam is sent to a necessary portion. The water supply is provided with an evaporator and a hot water generator incorporating a simple deaerator that sprays into the evaporator cylinder, is heated by the vapor in the cylinder, is deaerated, and mixes with the circulating water.

An inlet 32 in the recirculating gas furnace is provided on the furnace inlet door 4 side of the pyrolysis incinerator main body 6, and the pyrolysis zone 6A
The temperature inside is controlled by the recirculation gas control damper 31 together with the amount of combustion of the starting burner 11, thereby stabilizing the combustion. The inlet 32 in the recirculating gas furnace has a main air duct 2
1 is connected to the recirculation gas control damper 3
1 is provided in the middle of the end side of the main air duct 21. The air volume of the recirculation gas control damper 31 is controlled by a temperature detection and controller 36 provided in the pyrolysis zone 6A of the pyrolysis incinerator main body 6.

At the beginning of the main air duct 21, the air intake 1
8 and a high pressure blower 19 are provided, and an air volume control damper 20 is provided in the middle of the main air duct 21 immediately downstream of the blower. The air volume of the air volume control damper 20 is controlled by an exhaust gas O ₂ detector 39 provided in the furnace outlet duct 14.

A plurality of air distribution ducts 23 and one end of a grate air distribution duct 23a are connected in the middle of the main air duct 21 downstream of the air volume control damper 20, respectively. The other end of each of the plurality of air distribution ducts 23 is connected to a plurality of distribution air inlet nozzles 24 formed on the air cooling jacket 9 constituting the outer wall side of the pyrolysis incinerator main body 6 and a melt reservoir air introduction pipe 24b. Air distribution dampers 22 are provided in the middle of each air distribution duct 23.

The distal end of the air inlet tube 24b for the molten pool is connected to an air pipe 24a in the molten pool formed in the front and rear direction inside the hearth of the molten pool 6E. The other end of the grate air distribution duct 23a is connected to a grate air inlet nozzle 24c formed in each air nozzle 13a of the sliding special grate 13, and the grate air distribution duct 23a Is provided with a grate air inlet damper 22a.

A furnace outlet duct 14 is provided on the side of the pyrolysis incinerator main body 6 opposite to the furnace inlet door 4. Downstream of the furnace outlet duct 14 where the exhaust gas O ₂ detector 39 is attached,
An emergency exhaust stack 15 is provided to take safety measures when the furnace pressure is abnormal.

The exhaust gas O ₂ detector 39 of the furnace outlet duct 14
A furnace outlet gas extraction port 29 is provided downstream of the mounting point. The furnace outlet gas extraction port 29 is connected in the middle of the main air duct 21 connected to the recirculation gas furnace inlet 32 through the circulation passage and the ejector 30. As described above, the furnace outlet duct 14 has the furnace outlet gas extraction port 29 for the combustion gas, the high temperature gas is extracted by the ejector 30, and the hot gas is recirculated to the pyrolysis zone 6A at the furnace inlet 32 in the recirculating gas furnace. By controlling the thermal decomposition rate, the gas combustion zone 6B
A combustion gas recirculation mechanism is configured to enable the suppressed combustion of the pyrolysis gas into the combustion gas.

The downstream end of the furnace outlet duct 14 is connected to a scrubber 16
It is connected to the. A water cooling jacket 8a for the scrubber is formed on the outer periphery of the lower part of the scrubber 16, and branches off from the downcomer 43 of the evaporating cylinder 42 of the furnace body 6 to introduce circulating water.
The structure is such that water temperature in the jacket 8a is maintained to prevent corrosion. On the ceiling side inside the scrubber 16, a chemical spray nozzle 17 for neutralizing acid components generated for pollution prevention and removing dust is provided, and has a structure for spraying a chemical into the scrubber 16.

The chemical spray nozzle 17 is connected to a downstream end of a scrubber spray pipe 54. An upstream end of the scrubber spray pipe 54 is connected to the cooling tower 52, and a cooling water circulation pump 53 is provided on the upstream side of the scrubber spray pipe 54. One end of a scrubber makeup water pipe 51 is connected to the cooling tower 52, and the scrubber makeup water pipe 5 is connected to the cooling tower 52.
A makeup water pump 49 is provided in the middle of 1, and makeup water is supplied to the cooling tower 52 through the scrubber makeup water pipe 51 by the operation of the makeup water pump 49.

The lower side of the scrubber 16 is a storage tank for injecting a neutralizing solution. That is, a circulating water reservoir 16a made of a neutralized liquid injection and storage water is formed on the lower side inside the scrubber 16. A scrubber blow pipe 56 is connected to the bottom surface, and an upstream end of a scrubber circulation water pipe 55 is connected to a bottom side surface inside the scrubber 16. Scrubber circulation water pipe 55
Is connected to a cooling tower 52.

The downstream end of the neutralizing liquid injection pipe 59 is connected to the bottom side surface inside the scrubber 16. Neutralization liquid injection tube 59
Is connected to a neutralizing solution tank 57, and a neutralizing solution pump 58 for supplying the neutralizing solution in the neutralizing solution tank 57 to the bottom side of the scrubber 16 is provided in the middle of the neutralizing solution injection pipe 59. ing. The neutralizing liquid pump 58 is controlled by a pH detection and control unit 60 attached to the circulating water reservoir 16a on the bottom side of the scrubber 16.

One end of an exhaust gas duct 25 is connected to the upper end of the scrubber 16 on the ceiling side. The other end of the exhaust gas duct 25 is connected to a chimney 28, and a furnace pressure control damper 26 is provided in the exhaust gas duct 25, and an induction ventilator 27 is provided downstream of the damper 26. Furnace pressure control damper 26
Is controlled by an in-furnace pressure detection and control unit 41 attached to the pyrolysis zone 6A on the inlet side of the pyrolysis incinerator main body 6.

A water supply spray nozzle 50a for spraying downward is arranged on the upper side inside the evaporating cylinder 42. This water supply spray nozzle 50a is provided with a scrubber makeup water pipe 51.
Is connected to one end of the evaporating cylinder water supply pipe 50 branching from the middle of the pipe. An evaporating cylinder water supply control valve 61 is provided in the middle of the evaporating cylinder water supply pipe 50. The evaporating cylinder water supply control valve 61 is
It is controlled by an evaporating cylinder level detection controller 62 mounted below the liquid level inside the evaporating cylinder.

One end of an evaporating cylinder air pipe 65 is connected to the upper end of the evaporating cylinder 42. An evaporating cylinder pressure control valve 63 is provided in the middle of the evaporating cylinder air supply pipe 65. The evaporation cylinder pressure control valve 63 is controlled by an evaporation cylinder pressure detection controller 64 provided at the upper end of the evaporation cylinder 42.

The bottom end of the evaporation tube 42 is connected to the upstream end of a downcomer 43, and the downstream end of the downcomer 43 is connected to a distribution header 44. One side of the distribution header 44 is connected to the scrubber water cooling jacket 8 a of the scrubber 16. A circulating water pipe circulating from the scrubber water cooling jacket 8a to the evaporating cylinder 42 and returning is formed by the scrubber water cooling jacket 8a and the evaporating cylinder 42.
And is provided between them.

The other side of the distribution header 44 is connected to a plurality of circulating water inlet nozzles 46 formed on the water cooling jacket 8 on the outer periphery of the pyrolysis incinerator main body 6. An upstream end of a distribution pipe 45 is connected to the other side of the distribution header 44, and a downstream end of the distribution pipe 45 is connected to a circulating water inlet nozzle 46 formed in a water cooling jacket 8 on the outer periphery of the pyrolysis incinerator main body 6.
It is connected to the.

A plurality of brine outlet nozzles 47 are formed in the water cooling jacket 8 on the outer periphery of the pyrolysis incinerator main body 6.
The upstream end of a brine rising pipe 48 is connected to each brine outlet nozzle 47. The downstream end of each irrigation pipe 48 is connected to the side surface of the evaporation cylinder 42.

Next, the operation based on the configuration of the embodiment of the present invention will be described below. In the incineration treatment of medical waste sealed in a plastic container (especially in the case of infectious disease, special management is required), the treated material a is placed in a container (hereinafter referred to as a pack) sealed receiving hopper 2. It is thrown into.

After the processing object a is put into the hopper 2, the receiving port of the hopper 2 is closed. Thereafter, the furnace entrance door 4 is opened by the opening / closing device 5, and the processing object a is transferred by the processing object pushing device 3 to each of the packs. , Into the pyrolysis incinerator body 6.
In this case, the pack of the processed material a is illustrated as one pack,
If the container is large, several packs can be charged at the same time.

The treated material a that has entered the furnace body 6 is heated from the outer surface of the pack by the starter burner 11, and is thermally decomposed to evaporate (gasify) volatile products, including melting. The heat required for this melting and gasification is obtained from the starting burner 11, but after the generated gas has risen to the ignition point or more, since a small amount of air is injected by the consumption of the pyrolysis gas generated by itself, it is performed. The starting burner 11 may extinguish the fire. The range from the pack charging section composed of the hopper 2 to the vicinity of the installation of the starting burner 11 is referred to as a pyrolysis zone 6A shown in FIG. 2A.

In the pyrolysis zone 6A, the cracked gas enters the gas combustion zone 6B shown in FIG. The temperature is ignited by the auxiliary burner 12 installed therein to become a high-temperature gas, which is turned into a high-temperature gas by a U-turn in the arched baffle 7a in the furnace and completely burns into the secondary combustion zone 6C. It is discharged in a turning direction to a scrubber 16 provided outside the main body 6.

The residual components are accumulated at the bottom of the pyrolysis incinerator main body 6 while being pyrolyzed and melted and vaporized. , The molten pool 6 at the bottom of the pyrolysis incinerator body 6
It crosses the refractory weir 7b in the hearth on the exit side of E and enters the char secondary combustion zone 6C shown in FIG. 2D.

In the char secondary combustion zone 6C, the residual component char is ignited by the sliding special grate 13 to complete incineration and sterilization of the unburned material in the char, and to sequentially agitate. The ash is discharged from the discharge port 40 by repeating the progressive drop.

In the gas combustion zone 6B, the unburned gas is supplied to an auxiliary burner 12 provided in the upper part of the pyrolysis incinerator main body 6.
In order to continuously receive the radiant heat of the in-furnace arched baffle 7a disposed on the rear surface after stable combustion,
It is possible to extinguish the fire of the auxiliary burner 12.

An air nozzle 10a in the arch baffle built in the arch baffle 7a in the furnace retains the arch refractory material and performs residual heat of the air by absorbing heat, and jets out into the arch to measure agitated combustion of unburned gas, thereby performing gas combustion. The purpose is to separate the unburned char contained in the gas and extend the gas residence time while turning as a U-shaped frame by changing the direction of the gas entering from the zone 6B.

The residual unburned matter extruded from the molten pool 6E and the unburned char fall into the char-firing combustion zone 6D, and are completely burned and sterilized on the special sliding grate 13.

The unburned gas mixed with the air through the arcuate baffle 7a in the furnace and made U-turn is supplied to the secondary combustion zone 6C.
The mixture is further stirred and mixed with air to become a high-temperature gas and complete combustion, and is discharged from the furnace outlet duct 14 of the pyrolysis incinerator body 6.

The combustion air is blown from the air inlet 18 by the high pressure blower 19, controlled by the air volume control damper 20, and passed through the main air duct 21 to the air distribution damper 2.
2 adjusts the air volume of the air sent to each zone of the pyrolysis incinerator main body 6, and passes from the air distribution duct 23 to each zone in the pyrolysis incinerator main body 6 through the distribution air inlet nozzle 24 through the air nozzle 10. It is injected.

The combustion exhaust gas discharged from the scrubber 16 becomes a low-temperature screen gas, passes through an exhaust gas duct 25, is controlled by a furnace pressure control damper 26, and is then discharged from a chimney 28 by an induction draft fan 27.

Exhaust gas is extracted through a furnace outlet gas extraction port 29 provided in the furnace outlet duct 14, and the extracted exhaust gas is pressurized by an ejector 30 and controlled by a recirculation gas control damper 31 to recycle gas. It is recharged into the pyrolysis incinerator main body 6 from the furnace inlet 32.

The starting and auxiliary fuel is supplied from the fuel tank 33 through the fuel pump 34 to the starting burner 11 through the starting burner control valve 35. Adjustment of the burner 11 fuel is performed by a temperature detection and control unit 36 provided in the pyrolysis zone 6A. The fuel for the auxiliary burner 12 is supplied by the auxiliary burner control valve 3.
The adjustment of the fuel in the burner 12, which is introduced via 7, is carried out by a temperature detection and control 38 provided in the secondary combustion zone 6C.

Adjustment of the combustion air is controlled by an outlet air volume adjusting damper 20 of the high pressure blower 19 in accordance with an instruction from an exhaust gas O ₂ detector 39 provided in the furnace outlet duct 14.

The air is distributed to each of the zones 6A, 6B, 6C and 6D via a plurality of air distribution ducts 23 branched from the main air duct 21 and connected to each other, and a distribution air inlet nozzle 24. From 10 is injected into the furnace. This air distribution is performed by each air distribution damper 22 provided at the entrance of the air distribution duct 23 in each zone.

The furnace pressure is detected by a furnace pressure detection and control unit 41 installed in the pyrolysis incinerator main body 6, and the induction ventilator 27 is set so as to keep the predetermined pressure constant.
The furnace pressure control damper 26 is adjusted.

The steam-water mixture generated from the water-cooled jacket 8 for maintaining the inner wall of the pyrolysis incinerator body 6 at a constant temperature to protect the refractory material and metal from cooling and introducing circulating water to generate steam is supplied to the pyrolysis incinerator main body. The water is introduced into the evaporating cylinder 42 from a plurality of watering outlet nozzles 47 provided at the upper part of the tube 6 through a watering rising pipe 48.

At this point, steam and water are separated from each other, and hot water is supplied from a distribution pipe 44 through a downcomer 43 provided at the lower part of the evaporator cylinder 42.
Through a plurality of distribution pipes 45 and into a water cooling jacket 8 from a circulating water inlet nozzle 46 provided at a lower portion of the pyrolysis incinerator main body 6.

The water supply is pumped by a make-up water pump 49,
In order to control the water level in the evaporating cylinder 42 to a predetermined level, the level is controlled by an evaporating cylinder water supply control valve 61 which is adjusted by an evaporating cylinder level detection controller 62, and provided in the in-cylinder evaporating portion via an evaporating cylinder water supply pipe 50. Spraying is performed from the supplied water spray nozzle 50a. Here, the supply water is heated and heated by steam to remove dissolved oxygen contained therein and becomes hot water, mixed with brine and circulated.

The internal pressure of the evaporation cylinder 42 is controlled by an evaporation cylinder pressure control valve 63 so as to be maintained at a predetermined pressure by an evaporation cylinder pressure detection controller 64. The generated steam is effectively used through the evaporator cylinder air pipe 65.

The exhaust gas is introduced into the scrubber 16 in the swirling direction, separates carryover dust, and is cooled by the scrubber water cooling jacket 8a to recover waste heat and protect metal. The gas is neutralized by the spray nozzle 17, cooled to a low temperature, and discharged to the exhaust gas duct 25.

The cooling water dropped after the neutralization treatment is extracted from the scrubber blow pipe 56 below the scrubber 16 and maintains the water level of the circulating water reservoir 16a constant.

The circulating water in the circulating water reservoir 16 a provided below the scrubber 16 is supplied to the cooling tower 5 through a scrubber circulating water pipe 55.
After the temperature is controlled to a predetermined temperature through the nozzle 2, the cooling water circulation pump 53 sprays the exhaust gas from the chemical solution spray nozzle 17 through the scrubber spray pipe 54 to neutralize and cool the gas and remove dust.

The chemical liquid is injected from the neutralizing liquid tank 57 through the neutralizing liquid pump 58 into the circulating water reservoir 16a through the neutralizing liquid injection pipe 59. The injection amount is controlled by controlling the neutralizing liquid pump 58 so as to be a neutral value by the pH detection and control unit 60 in the circulating reservoir 16a.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment of the present invention, and it is needless to say that various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0072]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the thermal decomposition incinerator according to the present invention, the thermal decomposition incineration treatment of a large amount of high polymer (plastic) waste, particularly medical waste, is effective. This system is very effective, and the following effects can be obtained by adopting the present system.

The integrated processing of the pyrolysis-gas combustion-char combustion-exhaust gas and ash emission can be performed in an integrated furnace, and the continuous or intermittent incineration of the processed material can be performed. You can measure improvement. Further, a temperature of the pyrolysis zone of 600 ° C. to 800 ° C. and a temperature of the gas combustion zone of 900 ° C. to 1200 ° C. are obtained, so that the processing time can be significantly reduced.

In the triple furnace body structure, an appropriate adjustment of the air distribution can be obtained by the air jacket having the dividing plate and the multi-hole nozzle. In addition, the anchoring effect of the air nozzle penetrating the inside of the refractory material can prevent the air nozzle from falling off. further,
The adoption of the hot water jacket protects the refractory material from the high-temperature atmosphere in the furnace, and at the same time, makes the temperature of the metal constituting the furnace wall appropriate and uniform, which is also effective in preventing corrosion.

The air nozzles installed in the furnace body in the circumferential direction and in the depth direction allow the proper distribution of the air amount to each zone in the furnace, so that complete incineration processing and reduction in processing time by improving thermal decomposition and combustion efficiency are achieved. I can do it.

It is possible to control the gasification rate and reduce NOx in the pyrolysis zone by recirculating exhaust gas.

The baffle with a V-shaped arch with a built-in air nozzle provided at the outlet of the gas combustion zone can promote the ignition of unburned gas and extend the gas residence time due to the U-turn effect, and can separate the char and gas. It is effective in treating unburned char and measures against vizine.

The sliding-type special grate having a built-in air-cooled nozzle is effective in promoting sliding of unburned char and mixing with air, and particularly effective in sterilizing medical waste.

A scrubber with a hot water jacket having a swirl-type hot gas inlet can promote cooling of a high-temperature gas and prevent corrosion of metal, thereby improving durability.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system flow diagram of a pyrolysis incinerator showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2A is a schematic side sectional view of a pyrolysis incinerator main body of a pyrolysis incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2B is a left half arrow view taken along the line BB in FIG.
FIG. 2C is a cross-sectional view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 2 (A).

FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of a pyrolysis incinerator main body of the pyrolysis incineration apparatus showing the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a right half arrow view taken along the line CC of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a left half arrow view of FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a schematic overall sectional view showing a typical example of a conventional pyrolysis incinerator apparatus.

FIG. 8 is a graph showing a curve (temperature-time) showing the operation progress in the apparatus of FIG. 7;

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Pyrolysis incinerator 2 Hopper 3 Workpiece pushing device 4 Furnace entrance door 5 Furnace entrance door opening and closing device 6 Pyrolysis incinerator main body 6a Flange 6A Pyrolysis zone 6B Gas combustion zone 6C Secondary combustion zone 6D Fire combustion zone 6E Melting Reservoir 7 Refractory wall in furnace 7a Arch-shaped baffle in furnace 7b Refractory weir in hearth 7c Furnace floor refractory material 8 Water cooling jacket 8a Water cooling jacket for scrubber 9 Air cooling jacket 9a Divider plate 10 Air nozzle 10a Air nozzle in arch baffle 11 Burner burner 12 13 Sliding special grate 13a Air nozzle 13b Sliding rod 13c T-shaped link 13d Grate sliding cylinder 14 Furnace outlet duct 15 Emergency exhaust tube 16 Scrubber 16a Circulating water reservoir 17 Chemical spray nozzle 18 Air intake 19 High pressure blower 20 Air volume control damper 2 Main air duct 22 Air distribution damper 22a Grate air inlet damper 23 Air distribution duct 23a Grate air distribution duct 24 Distribution air inlet nozzle 24a Molten reservoir air inner tube 24b Molten reservoir air inlet tube 24c Grate air inlet nozzle 25 Exhaust Gas Duct 26 Furnace Pressure Control Damper 27 Induction Ventilator 28 Chimney 29 Furnace Outlet Gas Extraction Port 30 Ejector 31 Recirculation Gas Control Damper 32 Recirculation Gas Furnace Inlet 33 Fuel Tank 34 Fuel Pump 35 Startup Burner Control Valve 36 Temperature detector及controller 37 aids燃用burner control valve 38 temperature detector及controller 39 exhaust gas O ₂ detector 40 outlet 40a outlet damper 41 furnace pressure detector及controller 42 evaporation tube 43 downcomer 44 distribution header 45 minutes piping 46 Circulating water inlet nozzle 47 Irrigation outlet nozzle 48 Above the irrigation Ascending pipe 49 Make-up water pump 50 Evaporating cylinder water supply pipe 50a Water supply spray nozzle 51 Scrubber make-up water pipe 52 Cooling tower 53 Cooling water circulation pump 54 Scrubber spray pipe 55 Scrubber circulation water pipe 56 Scrubber blow pipe 57 Neutralizing liquid tank 58 Neutralizing liquid pump 59 Medium Japanese liquid injection pipe 60 pH detection and control unit 61 Evaporation cylinder water supply control valve 62 Evaporation cylinder level detection controller 63 Evaporation cylinder pressure control valve 64 Evaporation cylinder pressure detection controller 65 Evaporation cylinder air pipe a

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Agency reference number FI Technical display location F23G 5/16 ZAB F23G 5/16 ZABE 5/44 ZAB 5/44 ZABD 5/48 ZAB 5/48 ZAB 7/12 ZAB 7/12 ZABZ F23J 15/06 F23M 5/00 G 15/04 5/08 B F23M 5/00 F23J 15/00 K 5/08 E (72) Inventor Akira Hirayama Ogawa, Omura City, Nagasaki Prefecture 53-1 Uchimachi (72) Inventor Kenjiro Hayashi 245-7 Nodago, Togitsu-cho, Nishisonogi-gun, Nagasaki Prefecture (72) Inventor Yoshinori Higashito 26-11 Kitasakae-cho, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki Prefecture (72) Inventor Yukio Miura Tanaka, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki Prefecture 1869-3 Machi (72) Inventor Nobuyoshi Morikawa 772-1 Kogacho, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki Prefecture

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. An outer peripheral side of a furnace body has a triple structure, an outermost layer is constituted by a divided air layer, an intermediate layer is constituted by a water-cooled layer, and an inner layer is constituted by a refractory material structure. Air nozzles penetrating the inner layer and communicating with the inside of the furnace are provided in the furnace in the longitudinal direction and in the circumferential direction and on the front and rear surfaces, respectively. It is divided into a secondary combustion zone and an igniting combustion zone, the pyrolysis zone and the gas combustion zone are divided horizontally, the secondary combustion zone and the igniting combustion zone are divided up and down, and a start-up burner is placed in the pyrolysis zone. An auxiliary burner is provided in the gas combustion zone, and a furnace outlet duct facing the secondary combustion zone is provided.The downstream side of the furnace outlet duct is connected to a scrubber, and the downstream side of the igniting combustion zone is discharged. An outlet is provided and the gas combustion zone An in-furnace baffle with the above air nozzle is provided at the boundary between the gas and the secondary combustion zone, and the gas flame at the outlet of the gas combustion zone is U-turned to improve the mixing and ignition of unburned gas, and the residence time in the furnace is extended. A pyrolysis incinerator characterized in that it separates gas and char and promotes complete incineration of the residue inside the char by applying radiant heat to an igniting combustion zone. 2. A special sliding grate having an air nozzle therein is provided in the vertical combustion zone in a stepwise manner up and down, and each grate is provided alternately in each step so as to be able to advance and retreat in the front-rear direction. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the burning of the fire is facilitated and the ash is easily discharged.
The thermal decomposition incinerator according to the above. 3. An evaporating cylinder for separating air-water mixture generated in the water-cooling layer in the middle layer of the furnace main body is provided, and a water pipe for circulation is provided between the water-cooling layer and the evaporating cylinder. Separated hot water is recirculated to the water cooling layer and steam is sent, and hot water at the saturation temperature obtained by arbitrarily adjusting the pressure inside the evaporator is circulated through the water cooling layer to maintain the furnace wall temperature at a constant temperature. 2. The pyrolytic incinerator according to claim 1, wherein corrosion prevention is performed. 4. A recirculation gas furnace inlet provided with a furnace outlet gas extraction port for extracting combustion gas in a furnace outlet duct, and a downstream side of the furnace outlet gas extraction port facing a pyrolysis zone in the furnace. High-temperature gas is extracted by an ejector provided downstream of the gas outlet at the furnace outlet, and is recirculated to the pyrolysis zone in the furnace to control the rate of pyrolysis. 2. The pyrolysis incinerator according to claim 1, wherein said combustion can be suppressed. 5. A water jacket structure in which the outer periphery of the scrubber to which the downstream side of the furnace outlet duct is connected is formed by a water cooling jacket for the scrubber, and the water cooling jacket for the scrubber communicates with the evaporating cylinder via a water pipe, and branches off from the evaporating cylinder. 2. A pyrolysis incinerator according to claim 1, wherein circulating water is introduced to maintain the water temperature in the jacket to prevent corrosion. 6. The pyrolysis incinerator according to claim 1, wherein an emergency exhaust stack is provided in the furnace outlet duct. 7. The thermal decomposition and incineration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a chemical solution spray nozzle is disposed at an upper portion of the scrubber, and a lower portion is a storage tank for injecting a neutralizing solution.