KR100780700B1 - Boiler for solid fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

A boiler for solid fuel is provided to improve heat absorption of a combustion chamber and prevent clinker by maintaining the temperature of a furnace at an optimum temperature level during combustion of solid fuel. A boiler for solid fuel includes an upper combustion chamber(20), a lower combustion chamber(21), a first pass furnace, a second pass furnace, a water pipe grate(40), a plurality of heating pipes(41), an air passage(50), a first air supply pipe(52), and a second air supply pipe(53). The upper combustion chamber is formed in an upper portion of a combustion chamber(13), and the lower combustion chamber is formed in a lower portion of a water chamber(11). The first pass furnace includes a plurality of flue pipes(31) interposed between the upper combustion chamber and the lower combustion chamber for passage of heat and exhaust gas generated during combustion. The second pass furnace includes a plurality of flue pipes(31') for guiding exhaust gas passed through the first pass furnace toward an outer flue(32) of a boiler body(10). The water pipe grate is spaced apart from the bottom of the combustion chamber, and supports solid fuel. Water contained in the water chamber circulates along the water pipe grate. The heating pipes are arranged above the water pipe grate, and permit water in the water chamber to circulate so as to prevent clinker of solid fuel when the combustion temperature in a furnace is excessively high. The air passage is arranged at the bottom of the boiler body so as to pre-heat air. The first air supply pipe supplies air compulsorily blown through the air passage from beneath the water pipe grate to a combustion area. The second air supply pipe is connected to the first air supply pipe via a valve so as to supply air from the upper portion of the combustion chamber.

Description

Boiler for solid fuel

1 is a side cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a boiler for solid fuel in an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a cross-sectional view of the solid fuel boiler,

3 is a partial sectional view showing the front of the boiler for solid fuel.

<Explanation of Signs of Major Parts of Drawings>

10: main body 11: water chamber

12: furnace pain 13: combustion chamber

14: fuel inlet 15: door

20: upper chamber 21: lower chamber

22: Dust-cleaning zone 30: First pass

30 ': 2nd pass 31, 31': water pipe

32: year 40: water pipe loss stall

41: heating tube 50: air passage

51: step down pump 60: water inlet

61: outlet

The present invention relates to a boiler for solid fuel, and more particularly, in a boiler using solid fuel such as lignite, lump coal and coke, the air for burning fuel is preheated by waste heat to supply the heated air into the furnace. It is possible to maximize combustion efficiency by selectively ejecting at the same time or only at the bottom or at the bottom of the fuel being used, and to prevent the clinker phenomenon occurring in the combustion solid fuel when the combustion temperature is excessive. It relates to a boiler for fuel.

In general, boilers using liquefied petroleum gas fuel such as gas or oil are widely used due to their high thermal efficiency, safety in use, and convenience of handling and management, but are faced with resource depletion along with expensive and uneconomical problems.

Due to the non-economic factors, boilers using coal-based solid fuels such as lignite, lump coal or coke, which are relatively inexpensive, are available for house farms, livestock farms, and factories and restaurants located in independent areas that require continuous heating for a long time. I use it.

Boilers using solid fuel are mainly composed of a combustion method of supplying the air necessary for combustion by natural ventilation or directly blowing external air from the high pressure blower into the combustion chamber. In this case, it is almost impossible to completely burn the solid fuel. The problem that heat loss of unburned fuel is generated, heat absorption rate is lowered due to lack of technology for the second heat transfer effect in the process of exhausting combustion heat, exhaust gas temperature rise and unburned gas There are a number of problems, such as polluting the environment due to dust is contained in the exhaust gas emissions.

The present invention has been invented to fundamentally solve the problems of the conventional coal-based boiler, the object of which is to maximize the heat absorption rate of the combustion gas while maximally reducing the heat loss of the boiler and the loss due to incomplete combustion of the fuel. It is to provide a boiler for solid fuel that can be increased.

 Another object of the present invention is to provide a boiler for solid fuel, which maintains the furnace temperature during combustion of the solid fuel in the combustion chamber at an appropriate temperature to maximize the heat absorption rate of the combustion chamber and prevents the clinker phenomenon generated during solid fuel combustion.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a furnace having a water chamber in which water is contained and a combustion chamber in which a combustion chamber is formed in a boiler body using coal-based solid fuel such as lignite, lump coal or coke, to an upper side of the combustion chamber. A first pass having a plurality of associations forming an upper combustion chamber into which combustion heat is introduced, wherein a lower combustion chamber is formed at a lower side of the water chamber corresponding to the upper combustion chamber, and exhaust gas is passed along with combustion heat between the upper and lower combustion chambers; A second path with a plurality of associations is provided to guide the exhaust gas via the furnace and the first path to the outside of the boiler body, and supports the solid fuel injected into the combustion chamber so as to be combustible. Water pipe rostol is installed in which the water contained in the water is circulated, and solid fuel in combustion when the combustion temperature in the furnace is excessive in the upper portion of the water pipe rostol. A plurality of heating tubes through which the water contained in the water chamber 11 is circulated are installed so as to prevent the occurrence of the clinker phenomenon, and is provided to supply air forcedly blown from the lower portion of the boiler body to the combustion site from the bottom of the water pipe roaster. A first-class engine and a second-class engine for supplying air from the upper part of the combustion chamber through a control valve artificially controlling the supply of air to the feature is characterized in that connected.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, the solid fuel boiler of the present invention will be described in detail.

1 is a side cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a solid fuel boiler according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a flat cross-sectional view of the solid fuel boiler, Figure 3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the front of the solid fuel boiler, The present invention relates to a boiler capable of heating as a heated water by heat-exchanging the heat of combustion and the water contained in the water chamber when burning with coal-based solid fuel such as lignite, lump coal or coke.

The boiler body 10 has a configuration in which a water chamber 11 in which water is contained is disposed outside, and a furnace 12 having a combustion chamber 13 in which combustion occurs is formed in the water chamber 11. The upper combustion chamber 20 is formed in the upper combustion chamber 20 through which the heat of combustion flows, and the lower combustion chamber 21 is formed at the lower side of the water chamber 11 corresponding to the upper combustion chamber 20, and the upper and lower combustion chambers 20 are formed. The first main passage 30 having a plurality of associations 31 for passing the exhaust gas together with the heat of combustion generated at the time of combustion between the passages 21 and the exhaust gas via the first pass passage are supplied to the boiler body 10. A second path 30 'is formed, each having a plurality of associations 31' leading to the outer year 32 of the crankshaft.

A fuel inlet 14 for injecting solid fuel into the combustion chamber 13 is formed at one side of the furnace 12, and is collected as a bottom of the furnace 12 after combustion at the lower side of the fuel inlet 14. One or more doors 15 are provided which can discharge ash.

In the combustion chamber 13, a water pipe roast 40 is formed to be connected to the water chamber 11 to support the solid fuel injected while maintaining a space from the bottom, and a furnace is disposed above the water pipe roast 40. In order to prevent the clinker phenomenon generated in the solid fuel during combustion when the internal combustion temperature is excessive, a plurality of heating tubes 41 through which water contained in the water chamber 11 is circulated are piped.

In the process of burning solid fuel, the clinker phenomenon generated when the temperature in the furnace is excessively high causes an incomplete combustion and causes a problem of accelerating the erosion of the furnace wall by slag. The heating tube 41 of the to absorb the heat of combustion to prevent overheating (maintaining below 1300 ℃), the heating tube 41 is to be buried in the solid fuel in the combustion while maintaining a slight inclination to facilitate the circulation of water It is desirable to install.

At the lower end of the boiler body 10, an air passage 50 for preheating the air by heat conducted from the water chamber 11 is formed when the air required for combustion is forcedly blown by the high pressure blower 51, and the air passage 50 is formed. In many places, the first air supply pipe 52 for supplying forcedly blown air from the lower portion of the water pipe loss 40 to the upper portion thereof is connected via the outside of the furnace 12, and the first air supply pipe 52 is provided. ) Is connected to a secondary air supply pipe 53 for supplying air from the upper portion of the combustion chamber 13 through a control valve 54 for artificially controlling the supply of air.

The upper combustion chamber 20 and the lower combustion chamber 21 are formed at a position eccentric from the combustion chamber 13 and are provided in the group 31 of the association 31 provided in the first path 30 and the second path 30 '. Through the associated 31 'group, the heat transfer capacity of the exhaust gas is maximized while securing sufficient heat transfer area in the process of discharging the exhaust gas including the combustion heat to the flue 32, thereby maximizing thermal efficiency.

At the rear of the lower combustion chamber 21, a dust cleaning device 22 is installed to remove the dust generated when the solid fuel is burned and accumulated at the bottom of the lower combustion chamber by the action of gravity, and the boiler main body 10 is provided. An inlet 60 for supplying water to the water chamber 11 is formed at an upper portion of the main body 10, and a water outlet 61 is formed at the lower portion of the main body 10 to discharge water having a high temperature by heating in the boiler. The hot water circulation pump (not shown) is installed to smoothly circulate the water when the water is introduced into the inlet 60 through the heating pipe from the outlet 61 so as to circulate and heat the water of the boiler at a high speed.

Therefore, in the solid fuel boiler of the present invention as described above, in the state in which the water chamber 11 in the body 10 is filled with water, lignite or lump coal or the like in the combustion chamber 13 in the furnace 12 through the fuel inlet 14. Solid fuel, such as coke, is supplied and supplied. At this time, the solid fuel injected into the combustion chamber 13 is placed on the upper part of the water pipe rostol 40 with a thickness of about 200 mm, and the ignition coal ignited with sparks is placed thereon. Is covered again with solid fuel so that the furnace 13 is filled with fuel.

In this state, as the forced blower 22 is driven to force air to the air passage 50, the air is preheated by the heat conducted from the outer wall of the water chamber 11, and the preheated air has a large number of air passages 50. Through the first-class engine 52 and the second-class engine 53 connected to the place is continuously supplied toward the solid fuel burning in the upper and lower portions in the combustion chamber 13, smooth combustion is achieved.

That is, the air introduced into the air passage 50 improves combustion efficiency by burning in a state of being heated by heat exchange with the water chamber 11, and at the upper portion of the solid fuel that is burning through the secondary class 53. The ejected air has a function of completely burning unburned gas, thereby minimizing dust generation and maximizing combustion efficiency.

The air supply is controlled by the opening and closing operation of the control valve 54 installed on the pipe connected to the first air supply pipe 52, and the second air supply pipe 53 is operated by the stepped blower 51 and the heating temperature of the hot water. And the temperature of the combustion chamber 13 are automatically controlled by a controller (not shown).

Therefore, as the solid fuel is combusted in the combustion chamber 13, the water contained in the water chamber 11 is heated by high temperature heat, and the hot gas completely burned in the combustion chamber 13 is formed to be biased at the upper part of the furnace 12. After passing through the plurality of associations 31 provided in the first path 30 via the upper chamber 20, the flow was introduced into the lower combustion chamber 21 formed at the lower side of the water chamber 11, and then the second path ( 30 ') through the plurality of plumbing 31' and exiting the flue 32, so that the exhaust gas discharged into the atmosphere passes through the plumbing 31, 31 'group in the water chamber 11; Heat exchange with water will increase the thermal efficiency of the boiler.

As described above, the solid fuel boiler of the present invention preheats the air necessary for the combustion of the solid fuel, and supplies the fuel to the combustion chamber provided in the furnace in the elevated temperature state in which heat loss is prevented, and the solid fuel is burned. By supplying the secondary from the top to maximize the combustion efficiency by completely burning the unburned gas of the fuel, there is an effect to prevent environmental pollution by removing the dust due to the combustion gas.

In addition, the intermediate portion of the solid fuel is passed through the heating tube connected to the water chamber to absorb the heat of combustion of the solid fuel has the advantage of preventing the clinker phenomenon and incomplete combustion due to overheating.

In addition, the exhaust gas including the heat of combustion has an effect of achieving high efficiency of the boiler by maximizing heat absorption in the process of being discharged to the outside of the boiler body via the water pipe group connected to the first and second passes through the water chamber.

Claims (4)

A furnace having a combustion chamber 13 in which water is placed in the boiler body 10 that uses coal-based solid fuel such as lignite, lump coal, coke or the like, is burned outward, and the combustion chamber 13 is combusted. In (12) formed, A lower chamber 21 formed at a lower side of the water chamber 11 corresponding to the upper chamber 20, wherein an upper chamber 20 is formed to inject combustion heat into one upper side of the combustion chamber 13; A first path 30 provided between the combustion chambers 20 and 21 and having a plurality of links 31 passing through the exhaust gas together with combustion heat generated at the time of combustion, and via the first path. A second path 30 'having a plurality of plumbing 31' installed to direct one exhaust gas to the outer flue 32 of the boiler body 10 and to be isolated from the bottom of the combustion chamber 13 And the water pipe rostol 40 through which the solid fuel injected into the water chamber 11 can be burned and the water contained in the water chamber 11 is circulated, and the combustion temperature in the furnace is excessive. When the water contained in the water chamber 11 is circulated in order to prevent the clinker phenomenon generated in the solid fuel during combustion The pipe 41, the air passage 50 for preheating the forced air is provided at the bottom of the boiler body 10, and the air forcibly blown through the air passage 50 to the water pipe rostol (40) The combustion chamber 13 is connected to the first air supply pipe 52 installed to supply the combustion site from the lower part of the combustion chamber, and a control valve 54 that artificially controls whether air is supplied to the first air supply pipe 52. Boiler for solid fuel, characterized in that the configuration including a second class engine (53) for supplying air from the top of the.  The fuel inlet of claim 1, wherein a fuel inlet 14 through which solid fuel can be introduced into the combustion chamber 13 is formed at one side of the furnace 12, and the after-burning furnace 12 is disposed at a lower side of the fuel inlet 14. One or more doors 15 are installed to discharge the ash collected to the bottom of the bottom), and behind the lower chamber 21, dust generated when the solid fuel is burned falls to the bottom of the lower chamber by gravity. Boiler for solid fuel, characterized in that the dust cleaning equipment 22 is installed to remove the accumulated. The solid fuel according to claim 1, wherein the heating pipe (41) installed in the combustion chamber (13) is installed to maintain a slight inclination to facilitate the circulation of water from the water chamber (11) while being buried in the combustion solid fuel. Boiler.  According to claim 1, wherein the water inlet 60 is formed in the upper portion of the boiler body 10 for supplying water to the water chamber 11 is heated in the boiler in the lower portion of the body 10 is discharged water Water outlet (61) is formed, the solid fuel boiler characterized in that the hot water circulation pump is installed to facilitate the circulation of water when the heated water is introduced into the inlet (60) via the heating pipe from the outlet (61).

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