JPH11159718A - Device and method for combustion - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device and method for combustion by which the generation and regeneration of dioxine can be prevented at a low cost. SOLUTION: A combustion device is composed of a combustion chamber 1, a regenerative burner 10, a tubular reactor 2 positioned in the chamber 1, a material charge inlet 3 communicating with reactor 2, a distributor 4 connected to the reactor 2, a heat-resistant filter 5 at the upper end of the distributor 4, and a discharge port 6 at the lower end of the distributor 4. In the combustion method, a material is burnt with the burner 10 by charging the material in the reactor 2 together with water and a neutralizer and sending the material to the distributor 4 after dry-distilling the material in the reactor 2, and then, making the distilled gas to flow to the chamber 1 and the exhaust gas is quickly cooled by discharging the gas through the heat storage body 30 of the burner 10.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to a combustion apparatus and a combustion method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art General combustibles, industrial waste, construction waste,
Landfill and incineration are methods of treating medical waste and the like, and incineration is practical due to lack of landfills. In incineration, it is important to control the emission of highly toxic dioxins. It is said that the pyrolysis of dioxins requires three combustion conditions in the combustion chamber, namely, high temperature, strong agitation, and a residence time above a predetermined value. In order to approach these conditions, incineration by large-scale equipment is promoted. I have.
Also, even if the combustion conditions in the combustion chamber are strictly controlled, it is known that dioxin is regenerated from the exhaust gas duct and the sediment of the dust collector (memory effect). , Sediment cleaning and continuous operation functions are required. Therefore, waste heat recovery boiler,
Furnace top showering is provided, but it is difficult to completely prevent regeneration of dioxins even if they are provided, and in practice, adsorption treatment with activated carbon or the like is also used.

[0003]

However, large-scale incinerators, waste heat recovery boilers, and furnace top showering have high initial costs, and running costs are higher when combined with adsorption treatment using activated carbon. Even if all of the above conditions for accelerating high-temperature pyrolysis of dioxins and suppressing re-generation by quenching are satisfied, if the amount of dioxins generated during waste combustion is large, this is still not a complete measure. If organic chlorine-based resin and copper alloy-based scrap are mixed in the object to be treated, chlorine is generated from hydrogen chloride gas using copper as a catalyst, and this accelerates the dioxin generation reaction. Because you do. An object of the present invention is to provide a combustion apparatus and a combustion method capable of promoting high-temperature pyrolysis of dioxins at a lower cost than in the past, and suppressing regeneration by rapid cooling. Another object of the present invention is to provide, in addition to the above objects, a combustion apparatus and a combustion method capable of reducing the amount of dioxins generated during waste combustion.

[0004]

The present invention to achieve the above object is as follows. (1) A combustion chamber, a heat storage combustion burner provided in the combustion chamber, a tubular reactor arranged in the combustion chamber, and an openable and closable material input port arranged outside the combustion chamber and communicating with the tubular reactor. A heat dissipator connected to an end of the tubular reactor opposite to the material input port, and provided at one end of the dispenser for communicating between the dispenser and the combustion chamber through itself. A combustion device comprising: a filter; and an openable and closable outlet provided at an end of the distributor opposite to the heat resistant filter and located outside the combustion chamber. (2) a material charging step of charging a material into a tubular reactor while adding water and a neutralizing agent, and heating the tubular reactor from a combustion chamber and charging the material into the tubular reactor by the tubular reaction; Dry distillation, gasification, and incineration in a vessel; a dry distillation / gasification / ashing step; a separation step of separating dry distillation gas and dry distillation residual ash of the material sent from the tubular reactor into a distributor; A combustion step in which the carbonized gas is sent into the combustion chamber through a heat-resistant filter disposed at one end of the vessel, and the carbonized gas is burned in the combustion chamber at about 1000 ° C. or higher by combustion using a regenerative combustion burner; A gas discharge step of passing the heat through the heat storage body of the heat storage combustion burner and rapidly cooling it to 300 ° C. or lower, and then discharging it to the atmosphere; and a residual ash discharging step of removing dry distillation residual ash from a discharge port arranged at the other end of the distributor. Burning method.

In the combustion apparatus of (1) and the combustion method of (2), the material is charged into a tubular reactor. The input material is sent to the distributor inside the tubular reactor, and the heat from the combustion chamber heats the tubular reactor from the outside, so that water turns into steam and shields the tubular reactor from the atmosphere. In a relatively low temperature stage, chlorine is removed as hydrogen chloride and removed under neutral conditions and neutralized by a neutralizing agent. The material from which hydrogen chloride has been removed is carbonized while suppressing the generation of dioxins. The material is gasified and ashed by the carbonization and sent to the distributor. The gas produced by the carbonization and the carbonization ash are separated in the distributor, the gas rises to remove dust through a heat resistant filter, and flows into the combustion chamber at a lower pressure than in the distributor. Removal of the dust does not cause a blockage of the heat storage of the heat storage combustion burner. The carbonization gas is burned in a combustion chamber at a high temperature (about 1000 ° C. or more, for example, about 1300 ° C. to 1400 ° C.) by a regenerative combustion burner, and dioxins are thermally decomposed at the high temperature. The combustion in the combustion chamber is maintained by the combustion heat of the carbonized gas and the combustion heat of the fuel gas of the regenerative combustion burner. When the combustion is maintained by the combustion heat of the carbonized gas alone, the supply of the fuel gas of the regenerative combustion burner is not performed. You may stop. The heat of combustion of the carbonization gas itself is used for external heating and carbonization of the tubular reactor, and thermal recycling has been established. Exhaust gas from the combustion in the combustion chamber is finally discharged to the atmosphere through the heat storage element of the heat storage combustion burner. As the exhaust gas passes through the regenerator, the temperature changes from a high temperature of 1000 ° C. or more to about 300 ° C. or less for 0.1 second or less (for example, 0.0
(3 seconds or less), so that there is no time for dioxins to regenerate, and the regeneration of dioxins is suppressed. The heat stored in the heat storage body is used for preheating the air supply, and thermal recycling is established. Residual ash (possibly containing molten metal) is removed from the outlet at the lower end of the distributor and solidified. A safe glassy solid with no elution of heavy metals can be obtained and can be recycled for roadbed materials.

[0006]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows a combustion apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 shows an example of a regenerative combustion burner constituting a part of the combustion apparatus, and FIG. 3 uses the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 shows a combustion method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

First, a combustion apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, for example. The input materials to be treated include general combustibles, industrial waste, building waste, medical waste, irregular waste, and the like. General combustible materials include soft resin for packaging, garbage, paper waste, wood chips, shoes, leather,
Fibers, combustible gases from other furnaces (eg, other incinerators, carbonization furnaces), and the like. Industrial waste includes shredder dust for automobiles and home appliances, used tires, FRP boats, and the like. Building waste includes organochlorine-based resin piping waste, resin-coated wiring waste, and new building materials in building demolition waste. Medical waste includes non-openable containers such as syringes, specimen containers, gloves, blood stain fibers, and removed organs.
Atypical waste includes septic tank sludge, incineration residues, fly ash, dust, carbonized gas, condensed waste liquid, and the like.

As shown in FIG. 1, a combustion apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention has a combustion chamber 1 formed in a furnace body 9, a heat storage combustion burner 10 provided in the combustion chamber 1, and a combustion chamber 1 in the combustion chamber 1. An openable and closable material inlet 3 disposed outside the combustion chamber 1 and communicating with the arranged tubular reactor 2 and the tubular reactor 2;
Distributor 4 having an end opposite to material input port 3 connected thereto
And a heat-resistant filter 5 provided at one end of the distributor 4 for communicating the inside of the distributor 4 and the inside of the combustion chamber 1 through itself, and a filter provided at an end of the distributor 4 opposite to the heat-resistant filter 5. An openable and closable discharge port 6 located outside the combustion chamber 1.
A water adding mechanism 7 and a neutralizing agent adding mechanism 8 are provided near the material inlet 3 or the inlet of the tubular reactor 2. The water added from the water addition mechanism 7 is heated and becomes steam,
The material inlet 3 in the tubular reactor 2 is shielded from the atmosphere. The neutralizing agent (eg, CaCO ₃ ) added from the neutralizing agent adding mechanism 8 neutralizes hydrogen chloride generated from the material (2HCl + CaCO ₃ = CaCl ₂ + H ₂ O + C).
O ₂ ) and salt (CaCl ₂ ).

The tubular reactor 2 may be a stationary body or may rotate. The tubular reactor 2 extends substantially horizontally. However, the installation position of the tubular reactor 2 is not limited to a substantially horizontal position, and may be inclined at an arbitrary angle as long as the material can be fed, for example, may be vertical. A screw conveyor 11 is provided in the tubular reactor 2 for moving the input material in the tubular reactor 2. The screw conveyor 11 may be replaced with a pusher (not shown). Since the material is heated while moving in the tubular reactor 2, the temperature of the material increases as the material approaches the distributor 4 from the material inlet 3.

In the tubular reactor 2, about 100 to 300
The low temperature zone A of ° C. is a zone for drying the material and generating steam. In the tubular reactor 2, a middle temperature zone B of about 300 to 500 ° C is a zone for dechlorination of materials and neutralization of hydrogen chloride. In the tubular reactor 2, a semi-high temperature region C of about 500 to 1000 ° C. is a dry distillation and reduction pyrolysis region, and is a dry distillation gas and dry distillation residue generation region. About 10 in the tubular reactor 2
The high-temperature region D of 00 to 1200 ° C. is an incineration and gasification region of the dry distillation residue. Here, gasification refers to a water gas generation reaction in which hydrogen and carbon monoxide are generated by a reaction between carbonized carbon dioxide and water vapor (C + H ₂ O = H ₂ + CO).

The distributor 4 is a stationary body having a vertically extending portion, and the vertically extending portion is connected to an end of the tubular reactor 2 on the side opposite to the material input port. Residual ash is extruded from 2 and the carbonized gas flows out. The heat resistant filter 5 is provided at the upper end of the distributor 4. The heat-resistant filter 5 is made of a gas-permeable board made of a heat-resistant material (for example, ceramics, ceramics containing SiO ₂ and the like), and removes dust in passing gas. The removal of the dust (fly ash, dust) prevents the heat storage body of the heat storage combustion burner 10 from being clogged. The distributor 4 may further be provided with an auxiliary combustion mechanism 12 that can insert flame of an auxiliary burner and / or auxiliary air into the distributor 4. The auxiliary combustion mechanism 12 promotes the melting of dry distillation residual ash and fly ash. When the combustion can be maintained only by the carbonization residue ash and fly ash (the carbonization residue ash and fly ash usually contain insufficiently carbonized carbide), the fuel discharge of the auxiliary combustion mechanism 12 is stopped, and the carbonization residue ash and fly ash are removed. Only the amount of air required for ash combustion may be supplied. Approximately 1300-1400 ° C in distributor 4
Is an ultra-high temperature zone F, a zone where the carbonized residue ash and fly ash are melted, and a zone where slag is stabilized for heavy metals.

The heat resistant filter 5 has a size of about 1200 to 13
A grate E of 00 ° C. constitutes a region for performing thermal decomposition of polymers and polycyclic aromatics in addition to filtering and removing fly ash and dust. Dioxins are thermally decomposed by thermal decomposition at high temperature.
The temperature of the combustion chamber 1 (G area) is about 1300 to 1400 ° C., and is a complete combustion area of the finely divided dust that has passed through the dry distillation gas and the heat resistant filter 5. Due to this high temperature, dioxins are almost completely thermally decomposed. In the combustion chamber 1, a flame is formed by the heat storage combustion burner 10, and the carbonization gas and fine dust passing through the heat resistant filter 5 and the fuel (generally, gas) supplied through the heat storage combustion burner 10 are burned. When the combustion is maintained only by the combustion heat of the carbonized gas and the fine dust, the supply of the fuel gas through the heat storage combustion burner 10 may be stopped.

The heat storage combustion burner 10 may be a single burner having a built-in supply / exhaust switching mechanism, or a burner system having a switching valve outside the burner body and switching the supply / exhaust of a pair of burners by the switching valve. It may be.
FIG. 2 shows a heat storage combustion burner 10 composed of a single burner. The single-type regenerative combustion burner 10 is provided with a fuel supply mechanism 20 (not fuel of dry distillation gas from the input material,
A fuel gas supply mechanism that is purchased and supplied from the outside), a heat storage body 30 disposed around the fuel supply mechanism 20, and an air supply / exhaust switching mechanism 40 disposed on one side of the heat storage body 30.
And a burner tile 62 arranged on the other side of the heat storage body 30
And consisting of

The heat accumulator 30 is divided into a plurality of regions in the circumferential direction of the burner, and is arranged in a plurality of sleeves 31 provided in a cylinder 34 in the embodiment. Heat storage element 30
Consists of heat-resistant materials (ceramics, heat-resistant metals)
It is composed of a monolith having air permeability (for example, a honeycomb structure), a bundle of a large number of rods, or a bundle of a large number of granules in a sleeve 31. When the exhaust gas from the combustion chamber 1 passes through the regenerator 30, the exhaust gas is rapidly cooled from a temperature of about 1300 ° C. or more to a temperature of about 300 ° C. or less (in a short time of about 0.1 second or less, for example, 0.03 second or less). Cooling), and there is no time for dioxins to regenerate. In other words, rapid cooling when passing through the heat storage body 30 (region I) prevents dioxins from being regenerated. When the supply / exhaust gas flowing through the heat storage unit 30 is switched and the supply air flows into the heat storage unit 30, the heat stored when the exhaust gas flows is released to the supply air, and the supply air is preheated to about 900 ° C. or more.

The burner tile 62 is made of a single piece made of a heat-resistant material (ceramic, heat-resistant metal, etc.). The burner tile 62 has a supply / exhaust surface 63, a plurality of (the same number as the number of partitions in the burner circumferential direction of the heat storage body 30) opening in the supply / exhaust surface 63, and a supply / exhaust air at a central portion of the burner tile 62. A projecting portion 64 projecting forward from the surface 63;
4 has a fuel and pilot air discharge hole formed at the center of the fuel cell 4 and a fuel release surface 65 formed at the tip of the discharge hole.

The supply / exhaust switching mechanism 40 includes a plurality of holes 47.
, A movable (eg, rotating) member 41 having at least one air supply vent 42 and at least one exhaust air hole 43, an air supply flow portion and an exhaust flow portion formed in the movable member 41. And a drive mechanism 45, such as a motor or a cylinder, for rotating the movable member 41 in one direction or reciprocatingly around the burner axis. The air supply vent hole 42 communicates with the air supply inlet 51, and the exhaust air hole 43 communicates with the exhaust outlet 52. By rotating the movable member 41, the air supply vent 4
By switching between the hole 47 communicating with 2 and the hole 47 communicating with the exhaust ventilation hole 43, the flow of air supply and exhaust flowing through each part of the heat storage body 43 is switched.

The fuel supply mechanism 20 is accommodated in a pilot air supply pipe 21, and pilot air flows through an annular space between the outer surface of the pipe of the fuel supply mechanism 20 and the pipe 21. A part of the fuel supplied from the fuel supply mechanism 20 flows into the annular space through a hole formed at the tip of the fuel supply mechanism 20, and mixes with pilot air and is ignited to form a pilot flame. Further, the main part of the fuel supplied from the fuel supply mechanism 20 and the dry distillation gas (including fine dust) from the filter 5 are discharged from the fuel supply mechanism 20 as it is and exit from the fuel opening surface 65, and then a part of the supply / exhaust holes is provided. It mixes with the air supply discharged from 66 (air supply that has been preheated to a high temperature while passing through the regenerator) to form a main flame.

The combustion gas in the combustion chamber 1 is supplied to the remaining supply / exhaust holes 66.
The heat accumulating material 30 is heated to a high temperature when passing through the heat accumulating material 30 and passes through the heat accumulating material 30, and the temperature of the heat accumulating material 30 drops to about 300 ° C. or less. By switching the flow of air supply / exhaust through the heat storage body 30, the heat of the exhaust gas is taken away and stored, and the heat is released to the air supply, thereby increasing the thermal efficiency to about 90% or more. Since the exhaust gas (combusted gas) is circulating in the combustion chamber 1, the combustion is performed slowly, and the flame is extended for a long time, thereby enabling low NOx combustion. It can be heated to a high temperature (eg, 1300-1400 ° C.).

The exhaust gas is stored in the heat storage body 3 of the heat storage combustion burner 10.
After passing through the switching mechanism 40, the air is discharged to the atmosphere through the exhaust duct 13 and then through a dust collector (not shown) and an exhaust fan (not shown). When the exhaust gas passes through a portion (J region in FIG. 1) of the switching mechanism 40 downstream of the oxygen concentration sensor in the exhaust flow direction, a part of the supply air is bypassed to the exhaust gas, thereby rapidly increasing the temperature of the exhaust gas. The temperature can be lowered (for example, from 300 ° C. to 150 ° C.), and the regeneration of dioxins can be more completely prevented, and the dust collector can be protected from heat. The driving force of the gas flow from the distributor 4 to the combustion chamber 1 is suction by the exhaust fan.

A temperature sensor 14 is provided in the combustion chamber 1, and an output signal of the temperature sensor 14 is guided to a control device (computer) 16 and a valve 17 of a fuel supply system to the regenerative combustion burner 10 is output by the control device 16. The amount of fuel supply to the regenerative combustion burner 10 can be controlled according to the temperature in the combustion chamber by changing the opening degree of the combustion chamber. In addition, temperature sensor 1
The output signal of the control unit (computer) 16 is guided to the control unit (computer) 16 to change the material supply amount, thereby controlling the material input amount from the material input port 3 to the tubular reactor 2 according to the temperature of the combustion chamber. It is possible. A temperature sensor 15 is installed at the outlet of the tubular reactor 2, an output signal of the temperature sensor 15 is guided to a control device (computer) 16, and a material supply amount is changed by an output of the control device 16. It is possible to control the amount of material input from the material input port 3 to the tubular reactor 2 in accordance with.

As shown in FIG. 2, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, the heat storage combustion burner 10 has an oxygen concentration sensor 70 (at the portion between the heat storage body 30 and the switching mechanism 40) at the portion 48 which is concave from the exhaust gas flow passage. For example, an oxygen sensor used for controlling the air-fuel ratio of an internal combustion engine for an automobile is disposed.
Then, the output of the oxygen concentration sensor 70 is led to the control device 16 and the control valve 18 of the air supply duct is controlled by the output of the control device 16.
By controlling the amount of air supply so that the oxygen concentration in the combustion chamber 1 becomes a target value (for example, the oxygen concentration in the furnace is about 5%), the air supply is controlled in accordance with the oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas. The amount can be controlled (combustion control). Further, the output of the oxygen concentration sensor 70 is led to the control device 16 and the control device 16
The amount of material supplied from the material inlet 3 to the tubular reactor 2 can be controlled in accordance with the oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas by changing the amount of material supplied according to the output.

The oxygen concentration sensor 70 is used not only for controlling combustion but also for detecting unburned components such as carbon monoxide (CO). When the oxygen concentration sensor 70 is configured as a vehicle-mounted lean mixture sensor, the applied voltage of the oxygen sensor 70 is changed to an air ratio control voltage (for example, 0.7 V) and an unburned component detection voltage (for example, 0 V or a voltage near 0 V). ), The voltage is used as an air ratio control voltage for combustion control (supply amount control and fuel gas control), and is used as an unburned component detection voltage for unburned component detection. In the unburned component detection, when the applied voltage is set to 0 V or near 0 V, if there is an unburned component in the exhaust gas, the absolute value of the negative output current value of the oxygen concentration sensor 70 is not affected by the air ratio. Becomes larger than a predetermined value. For example, in the case of complete combustion, the output current value of the oxygen concentration sensor 70 is 0 mA from a predetermined value (−2.3 mA).
However, in the case of incomplete combustion (with CO), the output current value of the oxygen concentration sensor 70 is about -5 mA, so that the output current value of the oxygen concentration sensor 70 becomes a predetermined value (for example,-). It can be determined whether or not there is an amount of CO equal to or larger than the allowable value in the exhaust gas, depending on whether or not it is closer to 0 mA than 2.3 mA).

When the oxygen concentration sensor 70 installed in the regenerative combustion burner 10 is used as a CO concentration sensor, the output of the oxygen concentration sensor 70 is led to the control device 16 and the absolute value of the negative output value of the oxygen concentration sensor 70 is determined by a predetermined value. When the value is larger than the value, the supply of the fuel gas to the regenerative combustion burner 10 is cut off by the output of the control device 16, so that the C
The fuel supply can be cut off according to the O concentration,
Combustion safety can be maintained. Similarly, when the oxygen concentration sensor 70 provided in the regenerative combustion burner 10 is used as a CO concentration sensor, the output of the oxygen concentration sensor 70 is guided to the control device 16 so that the absolute value of the negative output value of the oxygen concentration sensor 70 becomes a predetermined value. When the value is larger than the value, the input of the material is shut off by the output of the control device 16, so that the input of the material can be stopped according to the CO concentration of the exhaust gas, and the safety of combustion can be maintained.

If the input material is a flammable gas generated from another incineration process or a dry distillation process, a flammable gas supply duct 19A is connected to the material input port 3, and the apparatus (furnace 9) of the present invention uses a flammable gas. It becomes a gas secondary combustion furnace. The input material is a powder or sludge-like fluid generated from another incineration process or a water treatment process, and a feeder 19B for the powder or sludge-like fluid is connected to the material input port 3 to continuously feed the powder or sludge-like fluid. It can be processed. When the input material is a small solid generated from another pulverizing step or a separation step, a feeder 19C for the small solid is connected to the material input port 3 so that the small solid can be continuously processed.
When the input material is a large solid generated from another collection step or a separation step, a feeder 19D for the large solid is connected to the material input port 3 so that the large solid can be continuously processed. When the input material is an unopened material stored in a container of a predetermined size, a feeder 19E of the unopened material is connected to the material input port 3 so that the unopened material can be processed without being opened and crushed. I have.

The discharge port 6 is provided with a heat-resistant forced discharge mechanism 22, and a water tank 23 is provided on the secondary side thereof so that the discharged material can be rapidly cooled. Further, a conveyor 24 for taking out the cooled discharge in the water tank is provided. The above-mentioned forced discharge mechanism 22, water tank 23, conveyor 24
Alternatively, an externally cooled rotary cooler may be provided at the discharge port 6 to discharge and cool the discharged material.

The combustion chamber 1 is provided with an apparatus 25 for performing thermal recycling of combustion heat. The device 25 for performing thermal recycling includes, for example, a device in which a water pipe is installed in the combustion chamber 1 and hot water or steam can be generated by passing water through the water pipe. The device 25 for performing thermal recycling may be a device in which a trachea is installed in a combustion chamber and warm air or hot air can be generated by passing air through the trachea. The combustion device according to claim 1.

Device 2 for thermal recycling
Reference numeral 5 may be such that a Stirling engine (the Stirling engine itself is publicly known) is installed in the combustion chamber 1 and a generator is connected to the drive side of the Stirling engine. Further, a water pipe or a trachea may be provided in a cooler of the Stirling engine to generate hot water or hot air. Further, a water pipe or a trachea may be provided in the cooler of the Stirling engine to obtain hot water or hot air, and then the absorption heat pump may be operated to obtain cold water or cold air.

The combustion method according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a material charging step of charging a material into the tubular reactor 2 while adding water and a neutralizing agent, and a heating step of the tubular reactor 2 from the combustion chamber 1. And a gasification and incineration process in which the material charged into the reactor 2 is carbonized in the tubular reactor 2 and gasified and incinerated. And a separation step of separating the carbonized residue ash, and a carbonized gas is sent into the combustion chamber 1 through a heat-resistant filter 5 disposed at one end of the distributor 4 and the carbonized gas is burned in the combustion chamber 1 by the regenerative combustion burner 10 for about 1000. ° C or more (for example, 1300-140
0 ° C.), a gas discharging step in which the combustion gas in the combustion chamber 1 is passed through the regenerator 30 of the regenerative combustion burner 10, rapidly cooled to 300 ° C. or lower, and then discharged to the atmosphere. A residual ash discharging step of removing the dry distillation residual ash from the discharge port 6 arranged at the end.

In the dry distillation / gasification / ashing process, the following ST
EP-1 to EP-4 are performed. STEP-1: Drying of the material and steam generation. When the material is added while adding a neutralizing agent (Ca (OH) ₂ , CaCO _3, etc.) and water to the material, first, steam is generated, and the effect of steam to shield the outside air is obtained. STEP-2: Air shielding dechlorination and neutralization. Since the chloride gas is released at a relatively low temperature, it is neutralized with a neutralizer added in advance before reaching a higher temperature range. This prevents chlorination by the copper-based catalyst beforehand and contributes to suppression of corrosion of equipment. In the air-shielded state, the reaction of the following equation (1) does not occur, and the reaction of the following equation (2) is suppressed from the equilibrium state theory in a steam atmosphere, so that the effect of preventing chlorination increases. 2CuCl + 1/2 · O ₂ → Cu ₂ OCl ₂ (1) Cu ₂ OCl ₂ + 2HCl → 2CuCl + H ₂ O + Cl ₂ (2) Furthermore, in the air-shielded state, the aromatic oxygen cross-linking structure is unlikely to change. Therefore, coupled with the chlorination suppression effect,
The generation of dioxins can be prevented. STEP-3: Dry distillation reduction pyrolysis and gasification. Oxygen-free pyrolysis of polycyclic aromatics is promoted by further raising the temperature in a reducing gas atmosphere in which the processed material is generated by itself during the carbonization process. STEP-4: Ashing and gasification of the dry distillation residue. By applying high-temperature steam to the red-hot carbon-based residue, a water gas reaction is induced to reduce the gasification volume, which is the original purpose.

In the combustion step, the following STEP-5 and STEP-6 are performed. STEP-5: Thermal decomposition of polymer and polycyclic aromatic compound. The dry distillation residue including fly ash is filtered by a ceramic grate 5, and only the combustible dry distillation gas and a small amount of fine dust enter the combustion chamber 1. In this process, the thermal decomposition of the polymer / polycyclic aromatic is promoted when passing through the high-temperature grate 5. STEP-6: Complete combustion of carbonization gas and dust. In a strong circulation type combustion chamber 1 controlled to a high temperature and an appropriate oxygen concentration,
Not only combustible low-molecular substances such as carbon monoxide but also gaseous tar and polycyclic aromatics and other high-molecular substances which cannot be thermally decomposed and dust that has passed through the filter 5 are completely burned.

In the gas discharging step, the following STEP-7 is performed. STEP-7: Rapid cooling and purification of exhaust gas. The exhaust gas completely burned in the combustion chamber 1 is stored in the heat storage body 3 of the heat storage combustion burner 10.
In the process of passing through 0, the temperature is rapidly cooled from about 1300 ° C. to about 300 ° C. in less than 0.1 second in less than 0.03 second, and is further reduced to 150 ° C. by dilution air introduced into the switching mechanism 40. Quenched into the dust collector. Therefore, there is no regeneration of dioxins.

In the residual ash discharging step, the following STEP-8 is performed. STEP-8: Melting of dry distillation residual ash and fly ash. STEP-
The dry distillation residue ash and fly ash separated in step 5 are melted in the distributor 4 maintained at a high temperature and flow out of the system and solidified to become a safe glassy solid without elution of heavy metals. Can be recycled. The heat of combustion is calculated by the following ST.
It is thermally recycled as in EP-9. STEP-9: Stirling engine drive. As one of the thermal recycling methods, it is conceivable to drive a Stirling engine using a carbonized gas as a heat source, thereby enabling high-efficiency power generation. However, the thermal recycling is not limited to the driving of the Stirling engine, but may be the generation of hot water, hot water, hot air or the like by a boiler.

[0033]

According to the combustion apparatus of claims 1 to 25, by providing a combustion chamber for performing combustion using a heat resistant filter and a heat storage combustion burner, dioxins can be kept in a high temperature range (for example, 1300 to 1400 ° C). ), And the provision of the regenerative combustion burner allows rapid cooling (to about 300 ° C.) at the regenerator site when exhausting gas through the burner, thereby preventing the regeneration of dioxins. According to the combustion device of the second aspect, since the combustion burner or the combustion air insertion mechanism is provided, it is possible to melt residual carbonized ash and heavy metals, and to improve safety when solidified into glass. According to the combustion device of claims 4 to 9, since various sensors are provided to control the combustion, there are two types of heat sources, the dry distillation gas generated from the input material and the fuel gas of the regenerative combustion burner. Continuous combustion can be performed by increasing the ratio of the carbonization gas as much as possible. According to the combustion device of claims 10 to 12, since the CO sensor is provided, safe combustion without emission of CO can be performed. According to the combustion apparatus of claims 13 to 17, by providing a feeder according to the type of the input material, it is possible to cope with a wide range of materials. Claim 2
According to the combustion apparatus of No. 0, since a water addition mechanism is provided, steam can be generated, and the inside of the annular reactor is cut off from the outside air to enable dry distillation, reduction, and thermal decomposition. Enables a neutralization reaction with a wetting agent. According to the combustion apparatus of claim 21, since the neutralizing agent addition mechanism is provided, the dechlorination can be neutralized and the generation of dioxin from the input material can be suppressed. According to the combustion method of the twenty-sixth aspect, dioxins are brought into a high temperature range (for example, 13
(1 ° C. to 1400 ° C.), and the re-generation of dioxins can be prevented by quenching the exhaust gas (to about 300 ° C.) with the regenerator of the regenerative combustion burner. Further, by providing the water addition mechanism and the neutralizing agent adding mechanism, chlorine in the material can be converted into hydrogen chloride and neutralized with the neutralizing agent, and the generation of dioxins from the material itself can be suppressed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a combustion device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a single type heat storage combustion burner.

FIG. 3 is a schematic process diagram of a combustion method according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[Description of Signs] 1 Combustion chamber 2 Tubular reactor 3 Material input port 4 Distributor 5 Heat resistant filter 6 Outlet 7 Water addition mechanism 8 Neutralizer addition mechanism 9 Furnace body 10 Heat storage combustion burner 12 Combustion burner 14, 15 Temperature Sensor 16 Control device 17, 18 Valve 25 Stirling engine 30 Heat storage element 70 Oxygen sensor

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI F23G 5/14 ZAB F23G 5/16 ZABB 5/16 ZAB 5/44 ZABB 5/44 ZAB 5/46 ZABB 5/46 ZAB 5 / 50 ZABM 5/50 ZAB ZABJ ZABG ZABN B09B 3/00 302E 303J

Claims (26)

[Claims] 1. A combustion chamber, a heat storage combustion burner provided in the combustion chamber, a tubular reactor disposed in the combustion chamber, and an openable / closable material input disposed outside the combustion chamber and communicated with the tubular reactor. A distributor connected to an end of the tubular reactor opposite to the material input port, and a distributor provided at one end of the distributor for communicating between the distributor and the combustion chamber through the distributor. A combustion device comprising: a heat-resistant filter; and an openable and closable outlet provided at an end of the distributor opposite to the heat-resistant filter and located outside the combustion chamber. 2. The combustion apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a combustion support mechanism capable of inserting a flame of a combustion burner and / or combustion air into the distributor. 3. The combustion device according to claim 1, wherein the heat storage combustion burner is a single burner. 4. The combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a temperature sensor is provided in the combustion chamber, and a fuel supply amount to the heat storage combustion burner can be controlled according to a temperature in the combustion chamber. 5. The combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a temperature sensor is provided in the combustion chamber, and the amount of material input from the material input port to the tubular reactor can be controlled according to the temperature of the combustion chamber. 6. A temperature sensor is provided at an outlet of the tubular reactor, and the amount of material charged from the material inlet to the tubular reactor can be controlled in accordance with the outlet temperature of the tubular reactor. Combustion equipment. 7. The combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an oxygen concentration sensor is provided in the heat storage combustion burner, and an air supply amount can be controlled according to an oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas. 8. The combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an oxygen concentration sensor is provided in the heat storage combustion burner, and a fuel supply amount can be controlled according to an oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas. 9. The combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an oxygen concentration sensor is provided in the regenerative combustion burner, and a material input amount can be controlled according to an oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas. 10. The combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a CO concentration sensor is provided in the heat storage combustion burner, and the fuel supply can be cut off according to the CO concentration of the exhaust gas. 11. The combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a CO concentration sensor is provided in the heat storage combustion burner, and the material input can be stopped according to the CO concentration of the exhaust gas. 12. The combustion device according to claim 10, wherein the CO concentration sensor comprises an oxygen concentration sensor. 13. The input material is a flammable gas generated from another incineration step or a dry distillation step, a supply duct for the flammable gas is connected to the material input port, and the apparatus includes The combustion device according to claim 1, which is a secondary combustion furnace. 14. The input material is a powder or sludge-like fluid generated from another incineration step or a water treatment step, and a feeder for the powder or sludge-like fluid is connected to the material input port. 2. The combustion device according to claim 1, wherein the sludge-like fluid can be continuously processed. 15. The input material is a small solid generated from another pulverizing step or a separating step, and a feeder for the small solid is connected to the material input port, so that the small solid can be continuously processed. The combustion device according to claim 1. 16. The input material is a large solid generated from another recovery step or a separation step, and a feeder for the large solid is connected to the material input port so that the large solid can be continuously processed. The combustion device according to claim 1. 17. An unopened material stored in a container of a predetermined size in which the input material is contained, a feeder for the unopened material is connected to the material input port, and the unopened material is opened and crushed. Claim 1 which can be processed without performing
A combustion device as described. 18. A heat-resistant forcible discharge mechanism is provided at the discharge port, a water tank is provided on the secondary side thereof to enable rapid cooling of the discharge, and a conveyor for taking out the cooled discharge in the water tank is provided. The combustion device according to claim 1. 19. The combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an externally cooled rotary cooler is provided at the discharge port to discharge and cool the discharged material. 20. The combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a water addition mechanism is provided at an inlet of the tubular reactor so that steam can be generated in the tubular reactor. 21. The combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a neutralizing agent addition mechanism is provided at an inlet of the tubular reactor so that HCl can be neutralized in the tubular reactor. 22. A water pipe is provided in the combustion chamber, and hot water or steam can be generated through water in the water pipe.
A combustion device as described. 23. The combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a trachea is provided in the combustion chamber, and warm air or hot air can be generated by passing air into the trachea. 24. The combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a Stirling engine is installed in the combustion chamber, and a generator is connected to a drive side of the Stirling engine. 25. The combustion apparatus according to claim 24, wherein a water pipe or a trachea is provided in a cooler of the Stirling engine to generate hot water or hot air. 26. A material charging step of charging a material into a tubular reactor while adding water and a neutralizing agent, and heating the tubular reactor from a combustion chamber and charging the material into the tubular reactor. Dry distillation in a tubular reactor, gasification,
An incineration dry distillation / gasification / ashing step; a separation step of separating the dry distillation gas and the dry distillation residual ash of the material sent out from the tubular reactor into the distributor; a heat resistant filter arranged at one end of the distributor A combustion step of sending a carbonized gas into the combustion chamber through the combustion chamber and burning the carbonized gas in the combustion chamber at a temperature of about 1000 ° C. or higher by combustion with a regenerative combustion burner; A combustion method comprising: a gas discharging step of quenching to 300 ° C. or lower and then discharging to the atmosphere; and a residual ash discharging step of removing dry distillation residual ash from a discharge port arranged at the other end of the distributor.