JPH10141629A - Treatment method and device for waste - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To treat waste through a melting furnace stably by preventing channeling of gas in the melting furnace surely. SOLUTION: Waste W is treated by a method wherein the waste is charged into the furnace chamber of a vertical type melting furnace 1 and the combustion as well as the pyrolysis of the waste W are effected by supplying combustion air and fuel into the furnace chamber 20 through a plurality of tuyere pipes 51 and assist burners 41, which are provided at the lower part of the melting furnace 1 so as to surround the same furnace 1, then, molten metals and slag are discharged out of a hearth unit 21. In this case, the supplying amount of fuel, supplied into the furnace chamber 20 through the assist burners 41, is changed periodically.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste disposal method and apparatus for burning and thermally decomposing waste such as industrial waste and municipal waste using a vertical melting furnace.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, waste such as industrial waste and municipal waste has generally been landfilled after incineration or without incineration. Comprehensive review of waste disposal has been undertaken due to incineration facilities not being able to adequately cope with the increase in heat generation, tight landfill sites, and the occurrence of secondary pollution such as groundwater contamination. I'm under pressure.

Recently, attention has been paid to a so-called pyrolysis melting method in which waste is pyrolyzed using a vertical melting furnace simulating a blast furnace which is a shaft furnace for iron making. In this pyrolysis melting method, waste is charged into the melting furnace from the furnace top instead of iron ore in the case of blast furnace operation, and this waste is used to reduce the combustion heat of the fuel supplied from the burner at the furnace bottom. Pyrolysis is performed as a heat source, and the generated pyrolysis gas is taken out of the system and used effectively, while metal and glass are melted and taken out from the furnace bottom as slag. Very similar to the case.

When such a thermal decomposition and melting method is employed, wastes include woody wastes such as paper and wood chips, household wastes such as garbage, metal wastes such as scraps from automobiles, and the like.
Even if all types of materials, such as non-combustible waste such as glass products and ceramic products, and plastic product waste, are mixed, they must be sequentially charged into the furnace chamber from the top of the melting furnace. As a result, it is possible to recover the useful substances and the energy easily, and the future development is expected.

[0005]

The melting furnace, which is a shaft furnace, is a simple cylindrical vessel made of a refractory, and the body itself of the melting furnace is very simple in structure. Although the structure is simple, there is a problem that the operation is very difficult. In particular, in waste treatment in which various wastes are charged into a melting furnace in a cobblestone mixed state, the operation is more difficult than in the case of a blast furnace because the properties of the thermal decomposition products are not constant.

[0006] That is, in the furnace chamber of the melting furnace, the charged waste takes on a stratified shape and gradually descends to burn and decompose, while the stratified waste is subjected to the progress of the pyrolysis. Accordingly, they are joined to each other by welding or the like, whereby a plurality of so-called shelves traversing the furnace chamber are formed. The thermal decomposition of waste proceeds while these shelves move downward in the furnace chamber. However, depending on the type of waste and the temperature distribution in the furnace chamber, the shelves do not move smoothly, and the shelves do not move smoothly. In many cases, a so-called shelf hanging phenomenon in which the shelves stay, a shelves falling phenomenon in which the shelves collapse and fall, and an uneven gas flow in the furnace chamber often occur.

[0007] Therefore, massive coke is charged alternately with the waste, and a coke layer is formed in the furnace chamber by utilizing the cohesiveness of the coke at a high temperature. A so-called coke bed system has been proposed in which a heat treatment is performed while moving down the furnace chamber while being clamped (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-184314). However, coke is very expensive and waste treatment cost is high. However, there is a problem that the bulk increases. Also, even if you use coke,
Gas drift in the furnace chamber is not completely avoided.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and it is possible to prevent fatal drift of gas in a melting furnace without using coke. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus for treating waste which realizes stable operation of a melting furnace.

[0009]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for treating waste, comprising the steps of charging waste into a furnace chamber of a vertical melting furnace; A waste disposal method for burning and thermally decomposing waste by supplying hot air, fuel and air from a burner into a furnace chamber, respectively, wherein the fuel amount of the auxiliary burner is periodically changed. It is.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for treating wastes, wherein the wastes are charged into a furnace chamber of a vertical melting furnace, and the hot air supply means and an auxiliary burner provided in the melting furnace are respectively supplied into the furnace chamber. In the waste disposal method of burning and thermally decomposing waste by supplying hot air and fuel and air, the hot air supply means has a plurality of tuyere tubes provided in the lower part of the melting furnace in the circumferential direction, It is characterized in that the amount of protrusion of the tuyere tube into the furnace chamber is changed periodically.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for treating waste, wherein waste is charged into a furnace chamber of a vertical melting furnace, and the furnace is supplied from a hot air supply means and an auxiliary burner provided in the melting furnace to the furnace chamber. A waste disposal method for burning and thermally decomposing waste by supplying hot air and fuel and air, wherein the amount of hot air supplied from the hot air supply means into the furnace chamber is periodically changed. It is.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for treating waste, comprising: charging waste into a furnace chamber of a vertical melting furnace; A waste disposal method in which waste is burned and thermally decomposed by supplying hot air and fuel and air, wherein the oxygen concentration of hot air supplied into the furnace chamber from the hot air supply means is periodically changed. It is assumed that.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a waste disposal method as set forth in any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein one of the temperature distribution and the pressure distribution in the furnace chamber is provided. Alternatively, both are controlled so as to have a preset distribution.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for treating wastes, wherein the wastes are charged into a furnace chamber of a vertical melting furnace, and the hot air supply means and an auxiliary burner provided in the melting furnace are respectively supplied into the furnace chamber. In a waste treatment method in which waste is burned and pyrolyzed by supplying hot air and fuel and air, a plurality of waste layers and interstitial spaces between the respective layers are formed in a furnace chamber. The waste is burned and thermally decomposed while sequentially moving the layers downward.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a waste treatment apparatus comprising: a melting furnace having a furnace chamber therein; hot air supply means and a combustion burner provided below the melting furnace; In the waste treatment apparatus for burning and pyrolyzing the waste charged in the furnace, a control device for controlling the operation of the melting furnace is provided, and the control device periodically changes the combustion amount of the auxiliary burner. It is characterized in that it is controlled so that

According to a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for treating waste, comprising: a melting furnace having a furnace chamber therein; hot air supply means and an auxiliary burner provided below the melting furnace; In the waste treatment apparatus for burning and pyrolyzing the waste charged in the furnace, the hot air supply means has a plurality of tuyere tubes provided in a lower part of the melting furnace in a circumferential direction, and operates the melting furnace. Is provided, and the control device controls the projection amount of the tuyere tube into the furnace chamber to be periodically changed.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a waste treatment apparatus, comprising: a melting furnace having a furnace chamber therein; hot air supply means and a combustion burner provided below the melting furnace; In the waste treatment apparatus for burning and pyrolyzing the waste charged in the furnace, a control device for controlling the operation of the melting furnace is provided, and the control device includes a hot air supply means from the hot air supply means to the furnace chamber. The present invention is characterized in that the supply amount is controlled to be changed periodically.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for treating waste, comprising: a melting furnace having a furnace chamber therein; hot air supply means and an auxiliary burner provided below the melting furnace; In a waste treatment apparatus for burning and pyrolyzing the waste charged in the furnace, a control device for controlling the operation of the melting furnace is provided, and the control device is supplied from the hot air supply means into the furnace chamber. The oxygen concentration of hot air is controlled so as to be periodically changed.

According to the present invention, there is provided a waste treating apparatus as set forth in claim 9 or 10, wherein a plurality of the hot air supply means are provided in a lower part of the melting furnace in a circumferential direction. It has a tuyere tube.

According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the waste treatment apparatus according to the ninth or tenth aspect, wherein a water-cooled roaster for supporting the waste is provided at a lower portion of the furnace chamber. The roaster is characterized in that it also serves as the hot air supply means.

According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the waste disposal apparatus according to any one of the seventh to twelfth aspects, wherein a plurality of thermometers whose detection signals are inputted to the control unit. And one or both of a pressure gauge and a pressure gauge are provided, and the control device controls such that one or both of the temperature distribution and the pressure distribution in the furnace chamber have a preset distribution. It is characterized by being.

According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a waste treatment apparatus comprising: a melting furnace having a furnace chamber therein; hot air supply means and an auxiliary burner provided below the melting furnace; In a waste treatment apparatus that burns and pyrolyzes waste loaded in a furnace chamber above the hot air supply means and the auxiliary burner, a plurality of waste layers by supporting the waste, A plurality of stages of rostrals are provided to form a clearance space between each layer, and each rostr is configured to move the supported waste downward. .

According to the waste treatment method of the first aspect and the waste treatment apparatus of the seventh aspect, the supply amount of the fuel supplied from the burner into the furnace chamber varies periodically. As the size of the flame rising upward in the furnace chamber changes due to the combustion of the fuel, the strong pyrolysis zone due to the flame of the waste moves, and this movement causes multiple strong pyrolysis zones in the furnace chamber. Is set at a plurality of locations.

In the stress pyrolysis zone where a plurality of portions are set, cavitation occurs due to the fact that the pyrolysis of waste proceeds faster than other portions, and a plurality of cavitation portions are formed in the furnace chamber. Therefore, a gas passage is ensured in the furnace chamber in a state where the flue gas and the pyrolysis gas are prevented from drifting, whereby stable treatment of waste in the furnace is realized.

According to the waste treatment method of the second aspect and the waste treatment apparatus of the eighth aspect, the hot air supply position in the furnace chamber supplied from the tuyere tube into the furnace chamber changes periodically. As a result, the position of the hot air supplied to the fuel changes in the furnace chamber, whereby the shape of the flame rising upward changes periodically. Therefore, the strong thermal decomposition zone for waste generated by the flame moves due to the change in the flame shape, and a plurality of strong thermal decomposition zones are set in the furnace chamber by this movement.

In the stress pyrolysis zone where a plurality of portions are set, cavitation occurs due to the fact that the pyrolysis of waste proceeds faster than other portions, and a plurality of cavitation portions are formed in the furnace chamber. Therefore, in the furnace chamber, a gas passage is ensured in a state in which an excessive drift of the combustion exhaust gas or the pyrolysis gas is prevented, and thereby stable pyrolysis processing of waste in the furnace is realized.

According to the waste treatment method of the third aspect and the waste treatment apparatus of the ninth aspect, the amount of hot air supplied from the tuyere tube into the furnace chamber varies periodically. The amount of oxygen provided to the fuel changes, which periodically changes the shape of the flame rising upward. Therefore, the strong thermal decomposition zone for waste generated by the flame moves due to the change in the flame shape, and a plurality of strong thermal decomposition zones are set in the furnace chamber by this movement.

In the stress pyrolysis zone where a plurality of portions are set, cavitation occurs due to faster progress of pyrolysis of waste than other portions, and a plurality of cavitation portions are formed in the furnace chamber. As a result, the gas passage is secured in the furnace chamber in a state where the flue gas and the pyrolysis gas are prevented from being extremely deflected, whereby a stable pyrolysis treatment of waste in the furnace is realized.

According to the waste treatment method of the fourth aspect and the waste treatment apparatus of the tenth aspect, the oxygen concentration of the hot air supplied from the hot air supply means into the furnace chamber is periodically changed. Due to this, the oxygen concentration of the oxidant supplied from the tuyere tube into the furnace chamber changes periodically, which can increase the flame temperature and the amount of oxygen. Due to the movement, a plurality of strong thermal decomposition zones are set in the furnace chamber.

In the stress pyrolysis zone where a plurality of portions are set, cavitation occurs due to thermal decomposition of waste proceeding faster than other portions, and a plurality of cavitation portions are formed in the furnace chamber. Therefore, a gas passage is ensured in the furnace chamber in a state where the flue gas and the pyrolysis gas are prevented from drifting, whereby stable treatment of waste in the furnace is realized.

According to the waste treatment method of the fifth aspect and the waste treatment apparatus of the thirteenth aspect, one or both of the temperature distribution and the pressure distribution in the furnace chamber are set in advance. By controlling the distribution so that the gas distribution is poor, it is possible to focus on the pyrolysis treatment of the waste in the part where the gas flow is poor. A stable pyrolysis treatment that prevents drift is realized.

According to the waste treatment method of the sixth aspect, a plurality of waste layers and interstitial spaces between the respective layers are formed in the furnace chamber, and these layers are sequentially moved downward. While the waste is burned and thermally decomposed, the waste charged in the furnace chamber is in a state in which layers according to the degree of progress of the thermal decomposition are stacked in the furnace chamber via interstitial spaces. As a result, a vertical temperature distribution is formed in the furnace chamber according to the progress of the regular processing, whereby stable operation is performed. In addition, since the waste is forcibly moved downward sequentially, the phenomenon of hanging or dropping the waste in the furnace chamber is reliably prevented. Further, the gas is reliably circulated by the gap space, and the thermal decomposition treatment of the waste is efficiently performed.

[0033] According to the waste treatment apparatus of the eleventh aspect, the oxidizing agent is supplied into the furnace chamber through a plurality of tuyeres provided in the circumferential direction, and is evenly distributed in the furnace chamber.

According to the waste treatment apparatus of the twelfth aspect, a water-cooled roaster supporting the waste is provided at the lower portion of the furnace chamber, and the water-cooled roaster also serves as a hot air supply means. The oxidant can be fed directly into the center of the chamber, so that the oxidant can be uniformly supplied into the furnace chamber.

According to the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention, the waste in the furnace chamber is supported by the plurality of rostrors to form a plurality of waste layers, and each layer faces downward. Since the waste is moved, the waste is regularly and sequentially lowered while being guided to the rostral in accordance with the progress of the treatment, whereby the treatment state is stabilized. Then, the gas is surely circulated by the interstitial space between the rostles, and the thermal decomposition treatment of the waste is efficiently performed.

[0036]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a melting furnace applied to a waste treatment method and apparatus according to the present invention. As shown in FIG.
Is a furnace body 2 erected on a base G, a waste charging mechanism 3 provided on the top of the furnace body 2, and a furnace body 2
A fuel supply means 4 provided to surround the furnace, a hot air supply means 5 provided to surround the furnace main body 2 above the fuel supply means 4, and a portion corresponding to the hot air supply means 5 of the furnace main body 2 The apparatus comprises a heated waste support means 6 provided therein and an exhaust means 7 provided so as to surround the furnace main body 2 immediately below the waste charging mechanism 3.

The furnace main body 2 has a cylindrical shape with a bottom as a whole, has a mortar-shaped furnace bottom 21 at the lowermost portion, and a tuyere portion 22 extending upward at the top of the furnace bottom 21. A body 23 is provided to burn, thermally decompose and melt the waste W charged above the tuyere 22. On the bottom side surface of the furnace bottom 21, a tap hole 21a communicating with the outside is formed. In this tap 21a,
Usually, a refractory such as refractory clay is filled, and the refractory is removed only when the molten metal accumulated in the furnace bottom 21 is discharged.

The waste charging mechanism 3 includes a mortar-shaped upper hopper 31 formed on the furnace top, a lower hopper 32 concentrically connected to a lower portion of the upper hopper 31, and a bottom portion of the upper hopper 31. Small bell 33 which is an on-off valve for opening and closing the opening
And a large bell 34 for opening and closing the bottom opening of the lower hopper 32.
And Each of the bells 33 and 34 is independently operated and opened and closed by the vertical movement of the drive means (not shown). The waste W supplied to the upper hopper 31 is small. When the bell 33 is released from the state shown in FIG.
Is then introduced into the furnace chamber 20 of the furnace body 2 from the lower hopper 32 when the large bell 34 is opened by lowering.

When the large bell 34 is open, the small bell 33 is open.
Is closed and the large bell 3 is open while the small bell 33 is open.
4 is closed, and the small bell 33 and the large bell 34 are repeatedly opened and closed alternately. Therefore, the gas in the furnace chamber 20 does not leak through the furnace top and leak outside.
A predetermined amount of the waste W is intermittently supplied into the furnace chamber 20 in accordance with the vertical movement of the large bell 34.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the fuel supply means 4 is provided with a plurality of auxiliary burners 41 arranged at a constant pitch in the circumferential direction on the furnace bottom 21, and is provided so as to surround these auxiliary burners 41. An annular fuel supply pipe 42 and a fuel communication pipe 43 interposed between the annular fuel supply pipe 42 and each of the auxiliary combustion burners 41. Each fuel connection pipe 43 is provided with a fuel control valve 44.
The fuel supply to the furnace bottom 21 and the supply stop are performed by the opening / closing operation of the furnace, and the amount of fuel supply to the auxiliary burner 41 can be adjusted by changing the opening degree.

The auxiliary burner 41 is supplied with air required for combustion from an air supply means (not shown) via an air control valve 45. The line for supplying air is connected to the fuel communication pipe 43 in FIG. By controlling the air control valve 45, the supply and stop of air to the auxiliary burner 41 and the adjustment of the air supply amount are performed.

In this embodiment, the furnace bottom 21 has 6
Although the base combustion burners 41 are provided, the number is not limited to six, and may be less than six or seven or more.

In this embodiment, the recovered gas generated in the melting furnace 1 is used as the fuel, but instead of the recovered gas, a gas such as a coke oven gas, a blast furnace gas, a mixed gas thereof, or a liquefied petroleum gas is used. You can use fuel,
Liquid fuels may be used instead of these gaseous fuels,
A so-called COM that mixes pulverized coal and liquid fuel
(Coal and Oil Mixture) may be used. However, when liquid fuel or COM is used, the fuel atomized by a predetermined atomizing device is supplied into the furnace chamber 20 in advance.

The hot air supply means 5 includes a plurality of tuyere tubes 51 arranged at equal pitches in the circumferential direction at the tuyere portion 22 located above the auxiliary combustion burner 41, and surrounds the tuyere tubes 51. And an annular hot air supply pipe 52 arranged in such a manner. The tuyere tube 51 comprises a lower tuyere tube 51a provided immediately above the auxiliary burner 41 and an upper tuyere tube 51b provided above the lower tuyere tube 51a.
A tuyere tube advance / retreat mechanism 54 is provided between the upper tuyere tube 51b and the annular hot air supply tube 52 via a hot air communication tube 53, and the upper tuyere tube 51b is operated by the operation of the tuyere tube advance / retreat mechanism 54. Can advance and retreat into the tuyere portion 22.

Hot air from a hot air stove (not shown) is supplied into the tuyere portion 22 through a hot air control valve 55, an annular hot air supply pipe 52, and a tuyere pipe 51. In the present embodiment, hot air, that is, heated air heated by a not-shown hot blast stove is used as combustion air, but oxygen may be used instead of air. Further, oxygen may be contained in the heated air at a required concentration, and it is also effective to make the concentration controllable.

The heated waste supporting means 6 comprises a plurality of water-cooled rosters 61 cross-linked between the combustion burner 41 and the lower tuyere tube 51a so as to cross the tuyere portion 22 and to be parallel to each other. And a large number of granular or flake refractories 6 filled in the tuyere portion 22 at the upper part of the water-cooled roaster 61.
2 is formed. Each of the refractories 62 has a particle size set so as not to pass through a gap between the adjacent water-cooled roasters 61, so that a large number of refractories 62 are supported by the water-cooled roasters 61. Then, a refractory bed 63 that is heated to a high temperature and allows molten waste W to pass therethrough is formed by a packed layer of a large number of refractories 62 on the water-cooled roaster 61.

The water-cooled roaster 61 employs a hollow tube. The water-cooled roaster 61 is cooled by passing cooling water through the hollow tube, thereby preventing the water-cooled roaster 61 from melting in a high-temperature atmosphere.

The exhaust means 7 includes a plurality of exhaust ducts 71 arranged at equal pitches at the upper end of the body 23 of the furnace body 2 so as to surround the body 23, and surrounds the furnace body 2 and each exhaust It is formed with an annular duct 72 connected to the duct 71. The annular duct 72 is connected to an exhaust gas treatment device (not shown), and includes an exhaust duct 71 and an annular duct 72.
The exhaust gas introduced into the exhaust gas treatment device through the above is subjected to cooling, dust removal and regeneration processing, and then a part of the exhaust gas is supplied to a combustion burner 41 as a recovered gas, and the remainder is effectively used as a fuel gas. .

Next, the operation of the melting furnace 1 configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, FIG.
This shows a state where the operation of the melting furnace 1 is in a steady state.
First, the waste W is transported to the top of the melting furnace 1 by a predetermined amount, such as a bucket, by a transporting means such as a bucket, and is thrown into the upper hopper 31 of the waste loading mechanism 3. In the waste charging mechanism 3, the small bells 33 and the large bells 34 are alternately opened and closed at a predetermined timing, and the waste W in the upper hopper 31 is dropped and supplied into the lower hopper 32 when the small bell 33 is opened. Then, the waste W in the lower hopper 32 is charged into the furnace chamber 20 of the furnace main body 2 by opening the large bell 34 after the small bell 33 is closed.

On the other hand, fuel flows through the annular fuel supply pipe 42, the fuel communication pipe 43, the fuel control valve 44 and the auxiliary burner 41 of the fuel supply means 4 into the furnace bottom 21 of the furnace body 2.
The hot air is supplied from the annular hot air supply pipe 52 into the tuyere portion 22 of the furnace main body 2 via the lower tuyere pipe 51a and the upper tuyere pipe 51b.

The fuel from the auxiliary burner 41 obtains the hot air from the tuyere tubes 51a and 51b, burns, becomes combustion exhaust gas, and rises in the furnace chamber 20. Waste W charged into the furnace chamber 20 from
The waste W is heated by the countercurrent contact with the air, and is drawn out of the system via the exhaust duct 71 and the annular duct 72 at the upper part of the furnace chamber 20. Further, the combustion exhaust gas of the waste W burned by the heating and the pyrolysis gas generated by the thermal decomposition of the waste W are also discharged out of the system through the exhaust duct 71. The pyrolysis gas discharged out of the system is subjected to a predetermined purification treatment,
The fuel is regenerated and supplied to the melting furnace 1.

By the way, the waste W is charged into the furnace chamber 20 with one charge by one opening of the large bell 34, and the next one charge is charged by the next valve opening. Since one charge amount is charged into the furnace chamber 20 at predetermined time intervals, the waste W forms a layer in the furnace chamber 20, and the lower the layer, the more advanced the heat treatment. .

In the lower half layer of the waste W, the central portion is subjected to the combustion and thermal decomposition treatment before the other portions due to the effect of the combustion exhaust gas rising upward in the furnace chamber 20. As a result, the central portion is hollowed out, and each layer of the waste W has a donut shape in plan view.
Is heat-treated by the combustion exhaust gas diffused radially from the donut-shaped hollow portion. Therefore, the donut-shaped waste W has a larger diameter as its hollow portion becomes lower, and the waste W disappears near the upper tuyere tube 51b at the lower part of the body 23.

The combustion ash generated in the heat treatment of the waste material W in the furnace chamber 20 is once used as the refractory bed 6.
3 is dropped on the furnace bottom 21 through the gaps between the refractories 62 sequentially, and the molten metals are also deposited on the refractory 6.
The solution is dropped through the gap between the two and stored in the furnace bottom 21.
When the storage amount of the slag composed of the molten metal and the combustion ash in the furnace bottom 21 reaches a predetermined amount, the refractory filled in the tap hole 21a is removed, and the molten metal and the slag are discharged therefrom.

The waste treatment method and apparatus according to the present invention include:
In the melting furnace 1 configured and operated as described above, the combustion amount of the auxiliary combustion burner 41 is periodically changed, or the protrusion amount of the upper tuyere tube 51b into the furnace chamber is periodically changed. Or the supply amount of the hot air from the tuyere tube 51 is periodically changed, or the oxygen concentration of the hot air from the tuyere tube 51 is controlled to be periodically changed. It is intended to prevent the flow from being extremely biased, and to stably perform the combustion and thermal decomposition treatment of the waste W charged in the furnace chamber 20.

In order to perform such control, a control device 8 for controlling the operation of the melting furnace 1 is provided near the melting furnace 1. The control device 8 controls the entire operation of the melting furnace 1, and controls the furnace body 2 of the waste W.
Control of the amount and timing of charging into the furnace, control of the temperature and pressure in the furnace chamber 20, control of fuel supply from the auxiliary burner 41, control of hot air supply from the tuyere tube 51, etc. It is configured to perform all such controls.

Among the controls by the control device 8, in particular, according to the present invention, first, the auxiliary burner 41 is used.
The combustion amount variation control, which is a control for periodically varying the amounts of fuel and air supplied into the furnace body 2 from the furnace, is performed. Also, if necessary, the furnace body 2 from the tuyere tube 51
Hot air supply amount variation control for periodically varying the amount of hot air supplied to the inside is performed. Further, tuyere tube advance / retreat control for adjusting the amount of advance / retreat of the upper tuyere tube 51b with respect to the inside of the tuyere portion 22 is performed as necessary. In addition,
If necessary, the hot air oxygen concentration control for periodically fluctuating the oxygen concentration of the hot air (combustion air) from the tuyere tube 51 is performed, and these controls cause an extremely uneven distribution of the gas in the furnace chamber 20. Is prevented from occurring, so that the combustion of the waste W and the pyrolysis treatment in the furnace chamber 20 can proceed favorably.

Specifically, in the control device 8, the waste W
The opening degree of each fuel control valve 44 and the air control valve 45 is repeatedly changed with time based on the type of fuel and the amount of waste W charged into the furnace chamber 20 per charge and the charging time interval. A program for causing the hot-air control valve 55 to repeatedly change over time; a program for causing the tuyere tube advance / retreat mechanism 54 to move the upper tuyere tube 51b back and forth in the tuyere portion 22; By operating a means (not shown) for supplying the hot air, any one of programs for repeatedly changing the oxygen concentration of hot air with time,
Alternatively, a program that combines them is stored in advance.

The control valve 44 for fuel, the control valve 45 for air, the control valve 5 for hot air,
5, the amount of combustion of the auxiliary burner 41, the amount of supplied hot air, and the supply of oxygen contained by the intermittent change in the opening degree, the amount of intermittent advance and retreat of the upper tuyere tube 51b, and the amount of oxygen supplied to the hot air. The amount varies, or the supply position of the hot air in the furnace chamber 20 fluctuates, whereby the three-dimensional shape of the flame rising in the furnace chamber 20 is intermittently changed. Therefore, since the heating position of the waste W in the furnace chamber 20 by the highest temperature portion of the flame fluctuates intermittently, the harm caused by the partial heating of the waste W is eliminated, and the flow path of the combustion exhaust gas is secured over a wide range. Thereby, stable operation of the melting furnace 1 is realized.

In order to more efficiently perform each of the above-mentioned controls, a plurality of thermometers 81 and a plurality of thermometers 81 are provided on the body 23 of the furnace main body 2 so as to surround the body 23 and to be a plurality of stages in the vertical direction. A pressure gauge 82 is provided, and detection signals of the thermometer 81 and the pressure gauge 82 are constantly input to the control device 8.

That is, the control device 8 calculates the temperature distribution and the pressure distribution in the furnace chamber 20 based on the above-mentioned detection signal, and the calculation result is based on a predetermined amount of waste W charged per unit time. When it is deviated beyond the allowable deviation from the ideal temperature distribution and pressure distribution set in advance based on the above, the control device 8 directs the target fuel control valve 44 and air control valve 45 to A control signal for opening / closing the valve is output, and a control signal for opening / closing the valve is output to the hot air control valve 55 as necessary, so that the upper tuyere tube 51 b moves toward and away from the tuyere tube moving mechanism 54. A signal is output, and in some cases, a control signal for changing the amount of oxygen supply to the means for supplying oxygen to hot air is output, whereby the temperature distribution and the pressure distribution in the furnace chamber 20 return to within the allowable deviation. To do Control signal output system of the so-called feedback control is programmed.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory plan view showing an embodiment of the combustion state pattern of each auxiliary burner 41.
(A) is a state of a flame when the same amount of fuel and air (the same applies hereinafter, and is simply expressed as “fuel”) is discharged from all the auxiliary burners 41 at the maximum discharge amount,
(B) is a state of a flame when a maximum discharge amount of fuel is discharged from a certain pair of opposed combustion burners 41 and a smaller amount of fuel is discharged from the remaining combustion burners 41 than the maximum discharge amount; (C) alternate combustion burners 41
The state of the flame when the maximum discharge amount of fuel is discharged from the auxiliary combustion burner 41 and the amount of fuel smaller than the maximum discharge amount is discharged from the remaining auxiliary combustion burners 41, (d) is higher than the maximum discharge amount from all the auxiliary combustion burners 41. Each shows a state of a flame when a small amount of fuel is discharged.

First, in the state shown in FIG. 2A, the fuel control valve 44 is fully opened, and the maximum discharge amount of fuel is discharged from all the auxiliary burners 41, whereby the six auxiliary burners 41 The discharged flames unite at the central portion in the tuyere portion 22 to form a large flame and rise toward the furnace chamber 20. Since the inside of the furnace chamber 20 is entirely heated by the strong flame, the entire low temperature state in the furnace chamber 20 is eliminated.

Next, as shown in FIG. 2B, the amount of fuel discharged from a pair of mutually opposed auxiliary burners 41 is calculated as follows.
If the amount of fuel discharged from the other auxiliary burners 41 is made larger than the amount of fuel discharged from the other auxiliary burners 41, the fuel from the corresponding auxiliary burners 41 collides with each other at the center of the tuyere portion 22.
A large flame rises from the central portion in the furnace 2 toward the central portion of the furnace chamber 20, and the temperature of the central portion in the furnace chamber 20 rises.

Then, as shown in FIG. 2C, with respect to the six auxiliary burners 41, every other auxiliary burner 4
If the amount of fuel discharged from the fuel tank 1 is larger than that of the others, the tuyere 22
2, the fuel in the central portion becomes more intense than the case of FIG. 2B due to the discharge of fuel from the three-sided auxiliary burners 41, whereby the temperature of the central portion in the furnace chamber 20 can be further increased. become.

Next, as shown in FIG. 2D, the amount of fuel discharged from each auxiliary burner 41 is suppressed to such a level that the fuel does not collide with each other in the tuyere portion 22.
By doing so, the rising of a strong flame caused by the collision of the fuel discharged from each auxiliary combustion burner 41 at the center of the tuyere portion 22 is suppressed, and the temperature rise in the center of the furnace chamber 20 is suppressed.

In the above combustion amount variation control of the present invention, the flame states shown in FIGS. 2A to 2D are repeated in a predetermined cycle, whereby the flame state in the furnace chamber 20 is changed. Is changed periodically,
The non-uniform combustion state in the furnace chamber 20 is eliminated,
In addition to preventing the hanging phenomenon and the falling phenomenon due to the waste W in the inside, the position of the drift of the flue gas is constantly moved, and the operation of the melting furnace 1 is stabilized.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory plan view showing an example of a state in which the upper tuyere tube 51b moves forward and backward. FIG. 3A shows a state in which all the upper tuyere tubes 51b are located at the home position.
Shows a state where all the upper tuyere tubes 51b are located at the maximum rush position, and (c) shows a state where the respective upper tuyere tubes 51b are appropriately positioned at a position between the home position and the maximum rush position. ing.

First, as shown in FIG. 3A, when each upper tuyere tube 51b is set at the home position, the tip of the upper tuyere tube 51b is the same as the inner wall surface of the tuyere portion 22. The hot air supplied from the upper tuyere tubes 51b into the furnace chamber 20 rises while being diffused substantially uniformly toward the center of the furnace chamber 20, whereby the hot air flows into the furnace chamber 20.
It is in a state where it is evenly distributed inside.

Therefore, regardless of the distribution of the fuel supplied from the auxiliary combustion burner 41 in the furnace chamber 20, the hot air is supplied to the fuel without weakness, so that the fuel is, for example, as shown in FIG.
The fuel burns in a state controlled by the fuel supply state as shown in (d). The state in which all the upper tuyere tubes 51b are set at the home position is a standard state for supplying hot air from the upper tuyere tube 51b.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3B, all the upper tuyere pipes 51b are pushed into the furnace chamber 20 by the length permitted by the driving of the tuyere pipe advance / retreat mechanism 54. When set to the position, the hot air is distributed so that the amount of the central portion of the furnace chamber 20 is larger than the other portions. By doing so, the contribution of the hot air to the fuel discharged from the auxiliary combustion burner 41 becomes larger in the central part of the furnace chamber 20 than in other parts, and the temperature of the furnace chamber 20 rises.

As shown in FIG. 3C, when the amount of each upper tuyere tube 51b entering the furnace chamber 20 is set between the home position and the maximum entry position, the furnace The distribution of hot air in the chamber 20 will be in accordance with this setting.

In the hot air supply amount variation control of the present invention, for example, as shown in FIG.
With all the upper tuyere pipes 51b set at the home position, the opening degree of the hot air control valve 55 is changed at a predetermined cycle, whereby hot air is supplied into the furnace chamber 20 in a pulsating manner. To By doing so, the combustion state of the auxiliary burner 41, that is, the three-dimensional shape of the flame in the furnace chamber 20 fluctuates in a pulsating manner, and the uneven combustion state in the furnace chamber 20 is eliminated. The hanging and dropping of the shelves due to the objects W are prevented, and the position of the flue gas constantly moves, so that the operation of the melting furnace 1 is stabilized.

Further, in the tuyere tube advance / retreat control of the present invention, the position of the upper tuyere tube 51b is changed to the position shown in FIG.
(C) are periodically changed among a home position, a maximum inrush position, and an intermediate position, whereby the state of the flame in the furnace chamber 20 is periodically changed. As a result, the unevenness of the combustion state in the furnace chamber 20 is eliminated, the shelf hanging phenomenon and the shelving phenomenon due to the waste W in the furnace chamber 20 are prevented, and the position of the drift of the flue gas constantly moves. The melting furnace 1
Operation becomes stable.

In the hot air oxygen concentration control of the present invention, the amount of oxygen supplied to the hot air (combustion air) is periodically changed, whereby the oxygen concentration of the hot air supplied into the furnace chamber 20 is reduced. It is changed periodically. As a result, the flame temperature and the amount of oxygen change, the uneven combustion state in the furnace chamber 20 is eliminated, and the waste W in the furnace chamber 20 is removed.
And prevent shelves from dropping or falling.
The position of the drift of the flue gas constantly moves, and the operation of the melting furnace 1 is stabilized.

Further, in the present invention, it is possible to simultaneously employ both the fuel supply amount variation control and the hot air supply amount variation control. In addition to these controls, the temperature distribution in the furnace chamber 20 and the temperature distribution in the furnace chamber 20 are controlled. It is also possible to combine the above-mentioned feeder-back control for bringing the pressure distribution closer to a preset distribution. By using this feedback control together, the operation of the melting furnace 1 can be further stabilized.

In the above embodiment, the hot air (combustion air) is supplied from the tuyere tube 51. However, when the melting furnace 1 is large, the hot air is uniformly supplied into the furnace chamber 20. It will be difficult to supply. Therefore, as a means for supplying hot air into the furnace chamber 20, a water-cooled roaster that also serves as a hot air supply means can be used.

Hereinafter, a water-cooled roaster having hot air supply means will be described with reference to FIG. 4 showing an embodiment thereof. As shown in FIG. 4, the water-cooled roaster 64 is formed of a double hollow tube, and a center side circulation hole is used as a hot air passage 65, and an outer annular circulation hole is used as a cooling water passage 66. A plurality of hot air injection holes 67 are provided on the surface of the water-cooled roaster 64, and each hot air injection hole 67 communicates with the hot air passage 65. Such a water-cooled Rostor 64
Is the furnace chamber 2 of the melting furnace 1 in the same manner as the water-cooled roaster 61 of FIG.
It is arranged in 0. And each hot air injection hole 67 is
It is provided facing upward so that hot air can be blown into the furnace chamber 20.

As described above, if the hot air is supplied into the furnace chamber 20 by using the water-cooled roaster 64, the hot air can be uniformly supplied into the furnace chamber 20 even if the melting furnace 1 is enlarged. Become.

Also in this case, the above-described hot air supply amount fluctuation control and hot air oxygen concentration control can be performed. That is, a control valve is provided in the hot air supply line of each of the plurality of water-cooled rosters 64, and the oxygen supply means is configured to be controllable, and the supply amount of hot air and the oxygen concentration are controlled in exactly the same manner as in FIG. By doing so, stable operation of the melting furnace 1 can be achieved. Also, a stable operation can be achieved similarly in combination with the combustion amount fluctuation control.

FIG. 5 is a partial sectional view showing another embodiment of the melting furnace applied to the waste disposal method of the present invention. The melting furnace 1 a of this embodiment has a plurality of stages of grate 24 in the furnace chamber 20 of the body 23 of the furnace body 2. Each rostr 24 is pivotally supported so as to rotate in a folded state around a horizontal axis 25 which is disposed so as to pass through the center of the furnace chamber 20. Then, the pair of left and right rostles 24 are in a horizontal posture that is flush with each other at the central portion, as shown in FIG.
As shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 2, the apparatus is configured to be able to rotate around the horizontal axis 25 and change its attitude between a vertical attitude that hangs down from the horizontal axis 25. Other structures are the same as those shown in FIG.

The waste W charged into the furnace chamber 20
Are sequentially transferred from the upper roster 24 to the lower roster 24 by periodically changing the roster 24 between the horizontal posture and the vertical posture. The waste W is supported in accordance with the progress of the process.

According to the melting furnace 1a of this embodiment, the waste W charged in the furnace chamber 20 is supported by the rostr 24 set in a horizontal posture, so that the waste W in the furnace chamber 20 is maintained. In addition to reliably preventing the shelf hanging phenomenon and the falling shelf phenomenon of W, the space for the gas to flow between the upper and lower rostles 24 is ensured, and the thermal decomposition treatment of the waste W is reliably and efficiently performed. Done.

FIG. 6 is a partial sectional view showing still another embodiment of the melting furnace applied to the waste disposal method of the present invention. In this embodiment, the melting furnace 1b includes a furnace body 2
In the furnace chamber 20 of the body portion 23, there are a plurality of inclined roasters 26 in the vertical direction. Other structures are the same as those shown in FIG. These inclined rostrles 26 are used for the furnace chamber 20.
The base ends are fixed to mutually facing wall surfaces in the inside, and are provided to extend into the furnace chamber 20 from the base end downward. Then, the tip end of the upper slanting rod 26 is positioned above the base end of the lower slanting rod 26, whereby the waste W sliding down on the surface of the upper slanting rod 26 becomes Moved to the proximal end,
It sequentially moves downward in a zigzag manner.

Further, a charging hole 2 for charging the waste W into the furnace chamber 20 is provided in a wall surface on the base end side of the uppermost inclined roastle 26.
7, and a waste hopper 28 is provided on the outer wall surface of the body 23 so as to correspond to the charging hole 27.
The waste W discharged from the bottom of the waste hopper 28
Is inserted into the furnace chamber 20 on the uppermost inclined roaster 26 through the charging hole 27.

A pusher 29 is provided at the base end of each of the inclined roasters 26 for pushing the waste W into the central portion of the furnace chamber 20. The pusher 29 is driven to drive the waste W in the waste hopper 28. The W is pushed into the furnace chamber 20, and the waste W located on the base end side of the inclined roastle 26 is pushed toward the distal end side of the inclined roastle 26.

According to the melting furnace 1b of this embodiment, the waste W charged into the furnace chamber 20 is supported by the inclined roaster 26 and is forcibly driven by the pusher 29. It is slid down on the inclined roaster 26, and then from the upper inclined rostr 26 to the lower inclined roster 26.
, The waste W is not hung or dropped at all, the gas flow in the furnace chamber 20 is secured, and the combustion and pyrolysis of the waste W are performed. This is convenient for efficient operation.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but includes the following contents.

(1) In the above embodiment, the tuyere tube 51 is provided with the lower tuyere tube 51a and the upper tuyere tube 51b.
Is operated so as to be able to advance and retreat into the furnace chamber 20. However, when only the combustion amount variation control is adopted, the upper tuyere tube 51b may not be provided, and only the hot air supply from the lower tuyere tube 51a is provided. Can be done.

(2) In the above embodiment, the upper tuyere tube 51b is advanced and retracted into the furnace chamber 20 by the tuyere advance / retreat mechanism 64. Instead, the lower tuyere tube 5
1a may be moved forward or backward, or both may be moved forward or backward.

(3) In the combustion amount variation control of the above embodiment, the amounts of fuel and air supplied from the auxiliary burner 41 to the furnace chamber 20 are varied by periodically changing the opening of the fuel control valve 44. However, the tuyere tube 5 can be changed by periodically changing the opening of the hot air control valve 55.
When only the hot air supply amount variation control for varying the supply amount of hot air from the first to the furnace chamber 20 is employed, the combustion amount variation control is unnecessary, and therefore, it is necessary to perform the control for varying the fuel and air supply amounts. There is no.

(4) In the combustion amount variation control according to the above embodiment, (a) to (d) of FIG.
3 is obtained, but is not limited to the patterns (a) to (d) in FIG.
The flame pattern can be set according to the characteristics of the melting furnace 1 and operating conditions. Further, a pattern that does not generate a flame that stops the fuel discharge from the auxiliary burner 41 may be added.

(5) In the tuyere tube advance / retreat control of the above embodiment, the upper tuyere tube 5 shown in FIGS.
1b is adopted, but the upper tuyere tube 51
The position b is not limited to those shown in FIGS. 3A to 3C, and the position of the upper tuyere tube 51b can be set according to the characteristics of the melting furnace 1 and operating conditions. it can.

(6) In the melting furnace 1a shown in FIG. 5, the roaster 24 is configured so that the posture can be changed between a horizontal posture and a vertical posture. You may comprise so that it can appear and disappear in the horizontal direction.

[0095]

According to the waste treatment method of the present invention and the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention, the supply amount of fuel supplied from the burner into the furnace chamber changes periodically. As a result, the size of the flame rising upward in the furnace chamber changes, so that the strong pyrolysis zone due to the flame of the waste moves, and this movement causes a plurality of strong pyrolysis zones in the furnace chamber. A state can be set at a plurality of locations.

In the stress pyrolysis zone where a plurality of portions are set, cavitation occurs due to the thermal decomposition of the waste progressing faster than other portions, and a plurality of cavitation portions are formed in the furnace chamber. Therefore, in the furnace chamber, a gas passage is secured in a state where the flue gas and the pyrolysis gas are prevented from being drifted, so that waste can be stably treated in the furnace.

According to the waste treatment method of the present invention and the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention, the hot air supply position in the furnace chamber supplied from the tuyere tube into the furnace chamber is periodically changed. , The position of the hot air supplied to the fuel changes in the furnace chamber, whereby the shape of the flame rising upward can be changed periodically.

[0098] Therefore, the strong thermal decomposition zone intended for the waste material due to the flame moves due to the change in the flame shape, and the movement makes the furnace chamber a state in which a plurality of strong thermal decomposition zones are set. be able to. In the stress pyrolysis zone set at a plurality of locations, cavitation occurs due to thermal decomposition of waste proceeding faster than other portions, and the cavitation portion is formed in a plurality of locations in the furnace chamber. In the furnace chamber, a gas passage is secured in a state in which an excessive drift of the combustion exhaust gas or the pyrolysis gas is prevented, whereby a stable pyrolysis treatment of waste in the furnace can be realized.

According to the waste treatment method of the third aspect and the waste treatment apparatus of the ninth aspect, the amount of hot air supplied from the tuyere tube to the furnace chamber varies periodically. As a result, the amount of oxygen supplied to the fuel changes, whereby the shape of the flame rising upward can be changed periodically.

[0100] Therefore, the change in the shape of the flame causes the movement of the strong pyrolysis zone intended for the waste generated by the flame, and the movement makes it possible to form a plurality of strong pyrolysis zones in the furnace chamber. In the stress pyrolysis zone formed at a plurality of locations, cavitation occurs due to thermal decomposition of waste proceeding faster than other portions, and the cavitation occurs at a plurality of locations in the furnace chamber. In the furnace chamber, a gas passage is secured in a state in which an excessive drift of the combustion exhaust gas or the pyrolysis gas is prevented, whereby a stable pyrolysis treatment of waste in the furnace can be realized.

According to the waste treatment method of the fourth aspect of the present invention and the waste treatment apparatus of the tenth aspect, the oxygen concentration of the hot air supplied from the hot air supply means into the furnace chamber is periodically changed. By doing so, the oxygen concentration of the oxidant supplied from the tuyere tube into the furnace chamber changes periodically, which can increase the flame temperature and the amount of oxygen. By this movement, the furnace chamber can be brought into a state in which a plurality of strong thermal decomposition zones are set at a plurality of locations.

In the stress pyrolysis zone where a plurality of portions are set, cavitation occurs due to the fact that the pyrolysis of waste proceeds faster than other portions, and a plurality of cavitation portions are formed in the furnace chamber. Therefore, in the furnace chamber, a gas passage is ensured in a state where the flue gas and the pyrolysis gas are prevented from being drifted, whereby stable treatment of waste in the furnace can be realized.

According to the waste treatment method of the fifth aspect of the present invention and the waste treatment apparatus of the thirteenth aspect, one or both of the temperature distribution and the pressure distribution in the furnace chamber are determined in advance. By controlling the distribution so as to be set, it becomes possible to focus on the pyrolysis treatment of the waste in the portion of the gas flow failure,
This makes it possible to realize a stable pyrolysis treatment while preventing the gas from drifting in the furnace.

According to the waste treatment method of the sixth aspect of the present invention, a plurality of waste layers and interstitial spaces between the layers are formed in the furnace chamber, and these layers are sequentially placed downward. Since waste is burned and thermally decomposed while moving, the waste loaded in the furnace chamber is in a state in which layers according to the degree of progress of thermal decomposition are stacked in the furnace chamber via interstitial spaces Therefore, a vertical temperature distribution is formed in the furnace chamber in accordance with the progress of the regular processing, whereby stable operation can be performed. In addition, since the waste is forcibly moved downward sequentially, it is possible to reliably prevent the hanging or dropping of the waste in the furnace chamber. Further, the gas can be reliably circulated by the gap space, and the thermal decomposition treatment of the waste can be efficiently performed.

According to the apparatus for treating waste according to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, the oxidizing agent is supplied into the furnace chamber through a plurality of tuyeres provided in the circumferential direction, and can be evenly distributed in the furnace chamber.

According to the waste treatment apparatus of the twelfth aspect of the present invention, a water-cooled roaster for supporting the waste is provided at the lower portion of the furnace chamber, and the water-cooled roaster also serves as a hot air supply means. Can be directly fed into the center of the furnace chamber, whereby the oxidizing agent can be uniformly supplied into the furnace chamber.

According to the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention, the waste in the furnace chamber is supported by the plurality of rostrors to form a plurality of waste layers. Since the waste is moved toward the waste, the waste gradually descends in a regular manner while being guided to the roster according to the progress of the treatment, whereby the treatment state of the waste can be stabilized. Then, the gas is surely circulated by the gap space between the rostrles, whereby the thermal decomposition treatment of the waste can be efficiently performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows first and second waste treatment methods according to the present invention.
It is explanatory drawing of the cross section which shows one Embodiment of the melting furnace applied to embodiment.

FIGS. 2A to 2D are explanatory views in plan view showing an embodiment of a flame pattern of fuel discharged from each auxiliary burner.

FIGS. 3A to 3C are explanatory views in plan view showing an example of a state in which the upper tuyere tube is advanced and retracted.

FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an embodiment of a water-cooled roaster having a hot air supply means.

FIG. 5 is a partial sectional view showing another embodiment of the melting furnace applied to the waste disposal method of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a partial sectional view showing still another embodiment of the melting furnace applied to the waste disposal method of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1a, 1b Melting furnace 2 Furnace main body 20 Furnace chamber 21 Furnace bottom 21a Tap hole 22 Tuyere part 23 Body part 24 Rostor 25 Horizontal axis 26 Inclined rostor 27 Charging hole 28 Waste hopper 29 Pusher 3 Waste charging mechanism 31 Upper hopper 32 Lower hopper 33 Small bell 34 Large bell 4 Fuel supply means 41 Fuel burner 42 Annular fuel supply pipe 43 Fuel communication pipe 44 Fuel control valve 5 Hot air supply means 51 Tuyere pipe 51a Lower tuyere pipe 51b Upper tuyere Pipe 52 Annular hot air supply pipe 53 Hot air communication pipe 54 Tuyere pipe advance / retreat mechanism 6 Heated waste support means 61, 64 Water-cooled roaster 62 Refractory 63 Refractory bed 65 Hot air passage 66 Cooling water passage 67 Hot air injection hole 7 Exhaust means 71 Exhaust Duct 72 Annular duct 8 Controller 81 Thermometer 82 Pressure gauge W Waste

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI F23G 5/00 115 F23G 5/00 115Z 5/44 ZAB 5/44 ZABG

Claims (14)

[Claims] 1. A waste material is charged into a furnace chamber of a vertical melting furnace, and hot air, fuel and air are supplied into the furnace chamber from a hot air supply means and an auxiliary burner provided in the melting furnace, respectively. A method for treating waste, wherein the amount of fuel in the auxiliary burner is periodically changed. 2. Waste is charged into a furnace chamber of a vertical melting furnace, and hot air, fuel and air are supplied into the furnace chamber from a hot air supply means and an auxiliary burner provided in the melting furnace, respectively. In the method for treating waste by burning and thermally decomposing, the hot-air supply means has a plurality of tuyere tubes provided in a lower part of a melting furnace in a circumferential direction, and the amount of protrusion of the tuyere tubes into the furnace chamber is periodically changed. A waste treatment method characterized by the following: 3. A waste material is charged into a furnace chamber of a vertical melting furnace, and hot air, fuel and air are supplied into the furnace chamber from a hot air supply means and an auxiliary burner provided in the melting furnace, respectively. A method of treating waste by burning and thermally decomposing the waste gas, wherein the amount of hot air supplied from the hot air supply means into the furnace chamber is periodically changed. 4. A waste material is charged into a furnace chamber of a vertical melting furnace, and hot air, fuel and air are supplied into the furnace chamber from a hot air supply means and an auxiliary burner provided in the melting furnace, respectively. A method for treating waste, wherein the oxygen concentration of hot air supplied from the hot air supply means into the furnace chamber is periodically changed. 5. The waste disposal method according to claim 1, wherein one or both of the temperature distribution and the pressure distribution in the furnace chamber have a predetermined distribution. A waste treatment method characterized by controlling. 6. A waste material is charged into a furnace chamber of a vertical melting furnace, and hot air, fuel and air are supplied into the furnace chamber from a hot air supply means and an auxiliary burner provided in the melting furnace, respectively. In the waste treatment method of burning and pyrolyzing the waste, a plurality of waste layers and interstitial spaces between the respective layers are formed in the furnace chamber, and the waste is burned while sequentially moving these layers downward. And thermal decomposition. 7. A melting furnace having a furnace chamber therein, a hot air supply means and a combustion burner provided at a lower part of the melting furnace, and combusting and thermally decomposing waste charged in the furnace chamber. In the waste treatment apparatus, a control device for controlling the operation of the melting furnace is provided, and the control device controls the combustion amount of the auxiliary burner to change periodically. Waste treatment equipment. 8. A melting furnace having a furnace chamber inside, a hot air supply means and an auxiliary burner provided at a lower portion of the melting furnace, and combusting and thermally decomposing waste charged in the furnace chamber. In the waste treatment apparatus, the hot-air supply means has a plurality of tuyere tubes provided in the lower part of the melting furnace in the circumferential direction, and a control device for controlling the operation of the melting furnace is provided.
The wastewater treatment device is characterized in that the control device controls the amount of protrusion of the tuyere tube into the furnace chamber to be periodically changed. 9. A melting furnace having a furnace chamber inside, a hot air supply means and an auxiliary burner provided at a lower part of the melting furnace, and combusts and pyrolyzes the waste charged in the furnace chamber. In the waste treatment device, a control device for controlling the operation of the melting furnace is provided, and the control device controls the supply amount of hot air from the hot air supply means to the furnace chamber to be periodically changed. A waste treatment device characterized by the following. 10. A melting furnace having a furnace chamber inside, a hot air supply means and an auxiliary burner provided at a lower portion of the melting furnace, and combusting and thermally decomposing waste charged in the furnace chamber. In the waste treatment apparatus, a control device for controlling the operation of the melting furnace is provided, and the control device periodically changes an oxygen concentration of hot air supplied from the hot air supply unit into the furnace chamber. A waste treatment device characterized by being controlled. 11. The waste treatment apparatus according to claim 9, wherein said hot air supply means has a plurality of tuyere tubes provided in a lower part of said melting furnace in a circumferential direction. Processing equipment. 12. The waste treatment apparatus according to claim 9, wherein a water-cooled roaster for supporting the waste is provided below the furnace chamber, and the water-cooled roaster also serves as the hot air supply means. Waste treatment equipment. 13. The waste treatment apparatus according to claim 7, wherein one or both of a plurality of thermometers and pressure gauges for inputting a detection signal to the control device are provided. Wherein the control device controls one or both of the temperature distribution and the pressure distribution in the furnace chamber to have a preset distribution. . 14. A melting furnace having a furnace chamber inside, a hot air supply means and a combustion assist burner provided at a lower part of the melting furnace, and combusting and thermally decomposing waste charged in the furnace chamber. In the waste treatment apparatus, a plurality of waste layers are formed in a furnace chamber above the hot air supply means and the auxiliary burner by supporting the waste, and a plurality of gap layers between the respective layers are formed. An apparatus for treating waste, comprising a plurality of stages of rostles, wherein each rostr is configured to move the supported waste downward.