JPH10172756A - Organic el light emitting device - Google Patents
Organic el light emitting deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH10172756A JPH10172756A JP8334338A JP33433896A JPH10172756A JP H10172756 A JPH10172756 A JP H10172756A JP 8334338 A JP8334338 A JP 8334338A JP 33433896 A JP33433896 A JP 33433896A JP H10172756 A JPH10172756 A JP H10172756A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- organic
- light
- emitting device
- light emitting
- lens
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 98
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 64
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 16
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910007541 Zn O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- YACSIMLPPDISOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-anilinophenyl)-3-(3-methylphenyl)-n-phenylaniline Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C=2C(=CC=C(NC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=2)C=2C=CC(NC=3C=CC=CC=3)=CC=2)=C1 YACSIMLPPDISOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001148 Al-Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Cu+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012777 electrically insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007733 ion plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001755 magnetron sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002620 polyvinyl fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005477 sputtering target Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007738 vacuum evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
- H10K50/858—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising refractive means, e.g. lenses
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、１または複数の有
機ＥＬ（エレクトロルミネッセンス）素子を発光源とし
て有している有機ＥＬ発光装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an organic EL device having one or a plurality of organic EL (electroluminescence) elements as a light source.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】有機ＥＬ素子は自己発光素子であるため
視認性が高く、また、無機ＥＬ素子に比べて印加電圧を
大幅に低下させることができるため、当該有機ＥＬ素子
を発光源として用いた光源，ディスプレイパネル（この
場合、有機ＥＬ素子は画素として利用される。）等の発
光装置（有機ＥＬ発光装置）の開発が活発に進められて
いる。2. Description of the Related Art An organic EL element is a self-luminous element and therefore has high visibility and can greatly reduce an applied voltage as compared with an inorganic EL element. Light emitting devices (organic EL light emitting devices) such as light sources and display panels (in this case, organic EL elements are used as pixels) are being actively developed.
【０００３】上記の特性を有する有機ＥＬ素子は、一般
に透光性基板上に設けられており、当該透光性基板側を
光取り出し面としている。このような有機ＥＬ素子を発
光源とする有機ＥＬ発光装置では、光取り出し面である
透光性基板から光（有機ＥＬ素子からのＥＬ光）を取り
出せる割合が、前記の透光性基板での全反射により、約
１／（２ｎ2） （ｎは透光性基板の屈折率）になる。こ
のため、光取り出し効率を向上させることが望まれてい
る。また、有機ＥＬ素子から放射されるＥＬ光は拡散光
であるので、当該有機ＥＬ素子を画素として用いたディ
スプレイパネルでは、光の取り出し効率が上記のように
低いことと相俟って、正面からみたときの輝度が比較的
低い。An organic EL device having the above characteristics is generally provided on a light-transmitting substrate, and the light-transmitting substrate is used as a light extraction surface. In such an organic EL light-emitting device using an organic EL element as a light-emitting source, the ratio at which light (EL light from the organic EL element) can be extracted from the light-transmitting substrate, which is a light extraction surface, is higher than that of the light-transmitting substrate. The total reflection results in about 1 / (2n 2 ), where n is the refractive index of the translucent substrate. Therefore, it is desired to improve the light extraction efficiency. In addition, since the EL light emitted from the organic EL element is diffused light, a display panel using the organic EL element as a pixel has a low light extraction efficiency as described above, and thus is viewed from the front. The brightness when viewed is relatively low.
【０００４】無機ＥＬ素子の光取り出し効率を向上させ
た例ではあるが、特開平４−１９２２９０号公報には、
画素としての無機ＥＬ素子が形成されている透光性基板
の外側表面（無機ＥＬ素子が形成されている面とは反対
側の表面）上、または、透光性基板上に画素として形成
されている無機ＥＬ素子を保護するために当該素子上に
形成されている保護層上に、画素（無機ＥＬ素子）と同
等ないしそれ以上の大きさを有する集光用のマイクロレ
ンズを複数個、互いに隣接させて設けた無機ＥＬ装置が
開示されている。この無機ＥＬ装置では、個々のマイク
ロレンズの凸面を光取り出し面としているので、マイク
ロレンズを透過してきたＥＬ光が当該マイクロレンズと
空気との界面で全反射することが抑えられ、その結果と
して、光取り出し効率が向上する。Although this is an example in which the light extraction efficiency of an inorganic EL element is improved, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-192290 discloses that
The pixel is formed as a pixel on the outer surface of the light-transmitting substrate on which the inorganic EL element as a pixel is formed (the surface opposite to the surface on which the inorganic EL element is formed) or on the light-transmitting substrate. A plurality of condensing microlenses having a size equal to or larger than a pixel (inorganic EL element) are adjacent to each other on a protective layer formed on the element to protect the inorganic EL element. An inorganic EL device provided is disclosed. In this inorganic EL device, since the convex surface of each microlens is used as a light extraction surface, the total reflection of the EL light transmitted through the microlens at the interface between the microlens and air is suppressed. As a result, Light extraction efficiency is improved.
【０００５】また、無機ＥＬ素子を画素として用いて高
精細な表示を得るための例ではあるが、特開平７−３７
６８８号公報には、透光性基板に当該基板の厚さ方向に
延びる円柱状の高屈折率部を設け、この高屈折率部に対
応させて無機ＥＬ素子からなる画素を設けたＥＬ素子が
開示されている。[0005] Further, this is an example for obtaining a high-definition display by using an inorganic EL element as a pixel.
No. 688 discloses an EL element in which a light-transmitting substrate is provided with a columnar high-refractive-index portion extending in the thickness direction of the substrate, and pixels including inorganic EL elements are provided corresponding to the high-refractive-index portion. It has been disclosed.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記の特開平４−１９
２２９０号公報に記載されている無機ＥＬ装置にならっ
て有機ＥＬ装置（有機ＥＬ発光装置）を作製することに
より、光の取り出し効率が向上した有機ＥＬ発光装置を
得ること自体は可能である。しかしながら、有機ＥＬ素
子は面光源であるので、当該有機ＥＬ素子と同等ないし
それ以上の大きさを有するマイクロレンズを用いた場合
には、このマイクロレンズによっては収束されずに逆に
拡散してしまう光路を経て当該マイクロレンズに入射す
るＥＬ光が必然的に生じる。したがって、同公報に記載
されている無機ＥＬ装置にならって有機ＥＬ発光装置を
作製したとしても、当該有機ＥＬ発光装置を正面からみ
たときの輝度については未だ改善の余地がある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The above-mentioned Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-19 / 1992.
By manufacturing an organic EL device (organic EL light emitting device) following the inorganic EL device described in Japanese Patent No. 2290, it is possible to obtain an organic EL light emitting device with improved light extraction efficiency. However, since the organic EL element is a surface light source, when a microlens having a size equal to or larger than the organic EL element is used, the light is not converged by the microlens but diffuses in reverse. EL light incident on the microlens via the optical path is inevitably generated. Therefore, even if an organic EL light emitting device is manufactured following the inorganic EL device described in the publication, there is still room for improvement in brightness when the organic EL light emitting device is viewed from the front.
【０００７】一方、前記の特開平７−３７６８８号公報
に記載されているＥＬ素子にならって、有機ＥＬ素子を
発光源とするＥＬ素子（有機ＥＬ発光装置）を得ること
自体は可能であるが、このＥＬ素子（有機ＥＬ発光装
置）を構成している透光性基板に形成されている高屈折
率部を透過したＥＬ光は、同公報の図１に示されている
ように拡散光である。したがって、当該ＥＬ素子（有機
ＥＬ発光装置）においても、その正面からみたときの輝
度については未だ改善の余地がある。On the other hand, it is possible to obtain an EL element (organic EL light-emitting device) using an organic EL element as a light source, following the EL element described in the above-mentioned JP-A-7-37688. The EL light transmitted through the high-refractive-index portion formed on the translucent substrate constituting the EL element (organic EL light emitting device) is diffused light as shown in FIG. is there. Therefore, there is still room for improvement in the luminance of the EL element (organic EL light emitting device) when viewed from the front.
【０００８】本発明の目的は、光の取り出し効率および
正面からみたときの輝度が共に高いものを容易に得るこ
とが可能な有機ＥＬ発光装置を提供することにある。An object of the present invention is to provide an organic EL light emitting device which can easily obtain a device having both high light extraction efficiency and high brightness when viewed from the front.
【０００９】[0009]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記の目的を達成する本
発明の有機ＥＬ発光装置は、透光性基板、該透光性基板
の片面上に直接または下地層を介して設けられた１もし
くは複数の有機ＥＬ素子、および、該有機ＥＬ素子を構
成している下部電極と前記透光性基板の外側表面との間
に設けられた１もしくは複数の集光用レンズを有し、前
記有機ＥＬ素子と前記集光用レンズとが平面視上一対一
に対応するようにして設けられていることを特徴とする
ものである。According to the present invention, there is provided an organic EL light-emitting device which achieves the above object, comprising a light-transmitting substrate, and a light-transmitting substrate provided directly or through an underlayer on one surface of the light-transmitting substrate. The organic EL device, comprising: a plurality of organic EL elements; and one or more condensing lenses provided between a lower electrode forming the organic EL elements and an outer surface of the light-transmitting substrate. The device and the condensing lens are provided so as to correspond one-to-one in plan view.
【００１０】[0010]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態につい
て詳細に説明する。本発明の有機ＥＬ発光装置は、上述
したように、透光性基板、当該透光性基板の片面上に直
接または下地層を介して設けられた１もしくは複数の有
機ＥＬ素子を有している。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail. As described above, the organic EL light-emitting device of the present invention includes a light-transmitting substrate and one or more organic EL elements provided directly on one surface of the light-transmitting substrate or via an underlayer. .
【００１１】ここで、上記の透光性基板としては、主表
面同士が実質的に互いに平行な平板状を呈し、かつ、発
光層（有機発光材料）からの発光（ＥＬ光）に対して高
い透過性（概ね８０％以上）を与える電気絶縁性物質か
らなっているものを用いることが好ましい。このような
透光性基板の材質の具体例としては、アルカリガラス，
無アルカリガス等の透明ガラスや、ポリエチレンテレフ
タレート，ポリカーボネート，ポリエーテルスルホン，
ポリエーテルエーテルケトン，ポリフッ化ビニル，ポリ
アクリレート，ポリプロピレン，ポリエチレン，非晶質
ポリオレフィン，フッ素系樹脂等の透明樹脂、透光性ア
ルミナ，ＢａＴｉＯ3 ，ジルコニア等の透明セラミック
ス、あるいは石英等が挙げられる。Here, the above-mentioned light-transmitting substrate has a plate shape whose main surfaces are substantially parallel to each other and is high with respect to light emission (EL light) from a light-emitting layer (organic light-emitting material). It is preferable to use a material made of an electrically insulating material that gives light transmission (approximately 80% or more). Specific examples of the material of such a translucent substrate include alkali glass,
Transparent glass such as non-alkali gas, polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, polyether sulfone,
Polyether ether ketone, polyvinyl fluoride, polyacrylate, polypropylene, polyethylene, amorphous polyolefin, a transparent resin such as fluororesin, alumina translucent, BaTiO 3, transparent ceramic such as zirconia, or quartz and the like.
【００１２】さらに、本発明の有機ＥＬ発光装置におい
ては、後述するように透光性基板中に集光用レンズが形
成されていてもよいので、当該透光性基板としては樹脂
製またはガラス製の平板マイクロレンズを用いることも
できる。ここで、「平板マイクロレンズ」とは、透明樹
脂基板または透明ガラス基板の所望箇所の屈折率を拡散
重合法（透明樹脂基板の場合）やイオン交換拡散法（透
明ガラス基板の場合）等の方法によって周囲の屈折率よ
りも高くすることによって、あるいは、透明ガラス基板
等の基板の所望箇所に半球状の凹部を形成し、この凹部
に前記の基板と異なる屈折率を有する透光性材料をプラ
ズマＣＶＤ法等によって堆積させること等によって、前
記の基板に所望個の平面マイクロレンズ（平凸レンズ）
を形成したものである。この平板マイクロレンズにおい
ては、個々の平面マイクロレンズ（平凸レンズ）の平面
部が当該平板マイクロレンズの材料として用いた基板の
表面に位置している。Further, in the organic EL light emitting device of the present invention, since a condensing lens may be formed in a light transmitting substrate as described later, the light transmitting substrate is made of resin or glass. Can also be used. Here, the "flat microlens" refers to a method such as a diffusion polymerization method (in the case of a transparent resin substrate) or an ion exchange diffusion method (in the case of a transparent glass substrate), which measures the refractive index of a desired portion of a transparent resin substrate or a transparent glass substrate. By making the refractive index higher than the surrounding refractive index, or by forming a hemispherical concave portion in a desired portion of a substrate such as a transparent glass substrate, and forming a transparent material having a refractive index different from that of the substrate into the concave portion by plasma. A desired number of planar microlenses (plano-convex lenses) are formed on the substrate by depositing by CVD or the like.
Is formed. In this flat microlens, the plane portion of each flat microlens (plano-convex lens) is located on the surface of the substrate used as the material of the flat microlens.
【００１３】上述した透光性基板の片面に設けられてい
る有機ＥＬ素子の層構成は、透光性基板側を光取り出し
面とすることができるものであれば特に限定されるもの
ではない。同様に、有機ＥＬ素子を構成する各層の材料
も、透光性基板側を光取り出し面とする有機ＥＬ素子が
得られさえすれば特に限定されるものではない。そし
て、当該有機ＥＬ素子の数は、目的とする有機ＥＬ発光
装置の用途等に応じて適宜選択可能である。The layer structure of the organic EL element provided on one surface of the light-transmitting substrate is not particularly limited as long as the light-transmitting substrate can be used as a light extraction surface. Similarly, the material of each layer constituting the organic EL element is not particularly limited as long as the organic EL element having the light-transmitting substrate side as the light extraction surface can be obtained. The number of the organic EL elements can be appropriately selected according to the intended use of the organic EL light-emitting device.
【００１４】透光性基板側を光取り出し面とする有機Ｅ
Ｌ素子の層構成の具体例としては、透光性基板側からの
積層順が下記（１）〜（４）であるのものが挙げられ、
下記（１）〜（４）のいずれの層構成の有機ＥＬ素子に
おいても、透明電極（下部電極）が陽極として使用さ
れ、対向電極が陰極として使用される。Organic E having a light-transmitting surface on the light-transmitting substrate side
Specific examples of the layer configuration of the L element include those in which the order of lamination from the light-transmitting substrate side is (1) to (4) below,
In the organic EL device having any of the following layer constitutions (1) to (4), the transparent electrode (lower electrode) is used as an anode, and the counter electrode is used as a cathode.
【００１５】（１）透明電極（下部電極）／発光層／対
向電極 （２）透明電極（下部電極）／正孔注入層／発光層／対
向電極 （３）透明電極（下部電極）／発光層／電子注入層／対
向電極 （４）透明電極（下部電極）／正孔注入層／発光層／電
子注入層／対向電極(1) Transparent electrode (lower electrode) / light emitting layer / counter electrode (2) Transparent electrode (lower electrode) / hole injection layer / light emitting layer / counter electrode (3) Transparent electrode (lower electrode) / light emitting layer / Electron injection layer / counter electrode (4) Transparent electrode (lower electrode) / hole injection layer / light emitting layer / electron injection layer / counter electrode
【００１６】有機ＥＬ素子は、前述した透光性基板の片
面上に直接設けられていてもよいし、下地層を介して設
けられていてもよい。いずれの場合でも、有機ＥＬ素子
の発光層の厚さが局所的に変動していると素子に輝度ム
ラが生じ易くなり、また、素子の発光安定性が低下し易
くなるので、当該有機ＥＬ素子を設ける面は実質的に平
坦な面であることが好ましい。実質的に平坦な面上に有
機ＥＬ素子を設けることにより、当該有機ＥＬ素子の発
光層の厚さを実質的に均一にすることが容易になり、そ
の結果として、輝度ムラが少なく、また、発光安定性が
高い有機ＥＬ素子を得ることが容易になる。なお、本発
明でいう「実質的に平坦な面」とは、表面粗さの二乗平
均値が概ね５０ｎｍ以下である面を意味する。The organic EL element may be provided directly on one surface of the above-mentioned translucent substrate, or may be provided via a base layer. In any case, if the thickness of the light-emitting layer of the organic EL element is locally fluctuated, luminance unevenness is likely to occur in the element, and the emission stability of the element is likely to be reduced. Is preferably a substantially flat surface. By providing the organic EL element on a substantially flat surface, it becomes easy to make the thickness of the light emitting layer of the organic EL element substantially uniform, and as a result, luminance unevenness is reduced and It becomes easy to obtain an organic EL element having high luminescence stability. The “substantially flat surface” in the present invention means a surface having a root mean square value of approximately 50 nm or less.
【００１７】上記の下地層を設けることは、「実質的に
平坦な面」を得るための一手段として有用である。ま
た、後述するように、本発明の有機ＥＬ発光装置におい
ては、有機ＥＬ素子を構成している下部電極（透明電
極）と集光用レンズとの距離を特定の範囲内にすること
が好ましいので、上記の下地層を設けることは、前記の
距離を調節するための一手段としても好適である。Providing the above-described underlayer is useful as one means for obtaining a “substantially flat surface”. Further, as described later, in the organic EL light-emitting device of the present invention, it is preferable that the distance between the lower electrode (transparent electrode) constituting the organic EL element and the condensing lens be within a specific range. Providing the underlayer described above is also suitable as one means for adjusting the distance.
【００１８】透光性基板の片面に上記の下地層を設ける
場合、その材料としては透明ガラス，透明樹脂，透明セ
ラミックス等を用いることができる。下地層は、例えば
別部材として作製した下地層用の板状部材を透明接着剤
等を用いて透光性基板上に固着させることによって設け
ることができる。また、下地層の材料に応じた所望の製
膜方法、例えば真空蒸着法，スパッタリング法，イオン
プレーティング法，ＣＶＤ法，ゾル−ゲル法，塗布法等
によって透光性基板上に所定膜厚の層を形成し、必要に
応じてその表面を研磨することによっても、透光性基板
上に下地層を設けることができる。When the above-mentioned underlayer is provided on one side of the light-transmitting substrate, a transparent glass, a transparent resin, a transparent ceramic or the like can be used as a material thereof. The base layer can be provided, for example, by fixing a plate member for the base layer, which is manufactured as a separate member, on a light-transmitting substrate using a transparent adhesive or the like. Further, a predetermined film thickness is formed on the light-transmitting substrate by a desired film forming method corresponding to the material of the underlayer, for example, a vacuum evaporation method, a sputtering method, an ion plating method, a CVD method, a sol-gel method, a coating method, or the like. A base layer can also be provided on a light-transmitting substrate by forming a layer and polishing the surface as necessary.
【００１９】以上説明した透光性基板，有機ＥＬ素子お
よび必要に応じて設けられる下地層を有している本発明
の有機ＥＬ発光装置においては、有機ＥＬ素子を構成し
ている下部電極と透光性基板の外側表面との間に１もし
くは複数の集光用レンズが設けられている。具体的に
は、透光性基板中に、または、目的とする有機ＥＬ発光
装置が前述した下地層を有するものである場合には当該
下地層中もしくは透光性基板中に、１もしくは複数の集
光用レンズが形成されている。In the organic EL light-emitting device of the present invention having the above-described light-transmitting substrate, organic EL element, and underlayer provided as necessary, the lower electrode constituting the organic EL element is connected to the transparent electrode. One or a plurality of condenser lenses are provided between the optical substrate and the outer surface. Specifically, in the light-transmitting substrate, or in the case where the intended organic EL light-emitting device has the above-described underlayer, one or more light-transmitting substrates are provided in the underlayer or the light-transmitting substrate. A focusing lens is formed.
【００２０】上記の集光用レンズは有機ＥＬ素子から放
射されるＥＬ光を集光するために使用するものであるの
で、当該レンズを透光性基板中に形成する場合には透光
性基板の材料の屈折率（絶対屈折率）の方がレンズ材料
の屈折率（絶対屈折率）よりも小さくなるように、一
方、当該レンズを下地層中に形成する場合には下地層材
料の屈折率（絶対屈折率）の方がレンズ材料の屈折率
（絶対屈折率）よりも小さくなるように、それぞれの材
料を選択する。Since the above-mentioned condensing lens is used for condensing the EL light radiated from the organic EL element, when the lens is formed in a light-transmitting substrate, the light-transmitting substrate is used. So that the refractive index (absolute refractive index) of the material is smaller than the refractive index (absolute refractive index) of the lens material. Each material is selected such that (absolute refractive index) is smaller than the refractive index (absolute refractive index) of the lens material.
【００２１】集光用レンズは、収束レンズでありさえす
れば組み合わせレンズであってもよいし単レンズであっ
てもよいが、平凸レンズ，両凸レンズ等の単レンズを用
いることが好ましく、その屈折率は概ね１．６〜１．９
であることが好ましい。また、集光用レンズは単焦点レ
ンズであってもよいが、画素としての有機ＥＬ素子は点
光源ではなく有限の大きさを有するものであるので、屈
折率分布型の平凸レンズのように物体側（有機ＥＬ素子
側を意味する。以下同じ。）の光軸上に複数の焦点を有
するものを用いることが特に好ましい。The condensing lens may be a combination lens or a single lens as long as it is a converging lens, but it is preferable to use a single lens such as a plano-convex lens or a biconvex lens. The rate is approximately 1.6-1.9
It is preferred that The condensing lens may be a single focus lens. However, since the organic EL element as a pixel is not a point light source but has a finite size, it has an object like a refractive index distribution type plano-convex lens. It is particularly preferable to use one having a plurality of focal points on the optical axis of the side (which means the organic EL element side; the same applies hereinafter).
【００２２】上記複数の焦点を有するレンズを集光用レ
ンズとして用いれば、単焦点のレンズを用いた場合より
も集光用レンズの光軸に平行な光をＥＬ光をより多く得
ることができるので、光取り出し効率を向上させるうえ
で、また、正面からみたときの輝度が高い有機ＥＬ発光
装置を得るうえ等で、有利である。When the lens having a plurality of focal points is used as a condensing lens, more EL light can be obtained in parallel with the optical axis of the condensing lens than when a single focus lens is used. Therefore, it is advantageous in improving the light extraction efficiency and obtaining an organic EL light emitting device having a high luminance when viewed from the front.
【００２３】集光用レンズとして平凸レンズを使用する
場合には、この平凸レンズの平面部が有機ＥＬ素子側に
位置するようにして当該平凸レンズを透光性基板中また
は下地層中に形成し、両凸レンズを使用する場合には、
この両凸レンズの一方の凸面が有機ＥＬ素子側に位置す
るようにして当該平凸レンズを透光性基板中または下地
層中に形成する。When a plano-convex lens is used as a condensing lens, the plano-convex lens is formed in a light-transmitting substrate or a base layer such that the plane portion of the plano-convex lens is located on the organic EL element side. When using a biconvex lens,
The plano-convex lens is formed in the translucent substrate or the underlayer so that one convex surface of the biconvex lens is located on the organic EL element side.
【００２４】集光用レンズを透光性基板中に形成する場
合、当該レンズは透光性基板中に完全に埋設された状態
にしてもよいし、その一部が透光性基板の内側表面（有
機ＥＬ素子が設けられる側の表面）または外側表面に裸
出している状態にしてもよい。一方、集光用レンズを下
地層中に形成する場合には、下地層の上面（有機ＥＬ素
子が設けられる側の面）から突出しないようにして形成
する。When the condensing lens is formed in the translucent substrate, the lens may be completely buried in the translucent substrate, or a part of the lens may be formed on the inner surface of the translucent substrate. (The surface on the side on which the organic EL element is provided) or may be bare on the outer surface. On the other hand, when the condensing lens is formed in the underlayer, it is formed so as not to protrude from the upper surface of the underlayer (the surface on which the organic EL element is provided).
【００２５】集光用レンズを透光性基板中に形成する場
合および下地層中に形成する場合のいずれにおいても、
集光用レンズはその光軸が透光性基板の外側表面の法線
と実質的に平行になるようにして設ける。また、複数個
のレンズを設けるときには個々のレンズの中心が透光性
基板の外側表面と実質的に平行な１つの平面に位置する
ようにして設けることが好ましい。In both cases where the condensing lens is formed in the translucent substrate and in the case where it is formed in the underlayer,
The condensing lens is provided so that its optical axis is substantially parallel to the normal to the outer surface of the translucent substrate. When a plurality of lenses are provided, it is preferable that the center of each lens is provided so as to be located on one plane substantially parallel to the outer surface of the light transmitting substrate.
【００２６】本発明の有機ＥＬ発光装置で使用する集光
用レンズの大きさおよびその数は、目的とする有機ＥＬ
発光装置の用途等に応じて適宜選択されるが、如何なる
用途に使用するものであっても、有機ＥＬ素子と集光用
レンズとは平面視上一対一に対応するようにして設け
る。The size and the number of the condensing lenses used in the organic EL light emitting device of the present invention depend on the intended organic EL device.
Although it is appropriately selected according to the use of the light emitting device, the organic EL element and the condensing lens are provided so as to correspond one-to-one in a plan view, regardless of the use of the light emitting device.
【００２７】ここで、本発明でいう「有機ＥＬ素子と集
光用レンズとが平面視上一対一に対応するようにして設
けられている」とは、集光用レンズの光軸と平行な方向
から集光用レンズおよび有機ＥＬ素子を平面視したとき
に次の(a) および(b) を満たすようにして、有機ＥＬ素
子と集光用レンズとが設けられていることを意味する。 (a) １つの有機ＥＬ素子は１つの集光用レンズとしか重
ならず、かつ、集光用レンズの光軸と有機ＥＬ素子の平
面視上の中心とが実質的に一致している。 (b) 有機ＥＬ素子の大きさが当該有機ＥＬ素子に重なっ
ている集光用レンズに外接する大きさ以下、好ましくは
互いに重なる大きさ以下、更に好ましくは内接する大き
さ以下である。Here, the phrase "the organic EL element and the condensing lens are provided so as to correspond one-to-one in plan view" in the present invention means that the organic EL element and the condensing lens are provided one-to-one in plan view. This means that the organic EL element and the condensing lens are provided so as to satisfy the following (a) and (b) when the condensing lens and the organic EL element are viewed in plan from the direction. (a) One organic EL element overlaps only one condensing lens, and the optical axis of the condensing lens substantially coincides with the center of the organic EL element in plan view. (b) The size of the organic EL element is equal to or less than the size circumscribing the condensing lens overlapping the organic EL element, preferably equal to or less than the size overlapping each other, and more preferably equal to or less than the size inscribed.
【００２８】上記のように有機ＥＬ素子と集光用レンズ
とを平面視上一対一に対応させて設けることにより、集
光用レンズによって平行光に変換されるＥＬ光の割合を
高めることが可能になるが、有機ＥＬ素子を構成してい
る下部電極の下面（透光性基板側の面）と集光用レンズ
との距離ｄがあまりに遠いと当該レンズによって平行光
に変換されるＥＬ光の割合が低下する。有機ＥＬ素子の
平面視上の大きさ（発光層の平面視上の大きさ）と集光
用レンズの平面視上の大きさとの大小関係にもよるが、
前記の距離ｄは集光用レンズの物体側の焦点距離ｆの概
ね２倍以内とすることが好ましく、特に、前記の焦点距
離ｆの概ね０．８〜１．２倍とすることが好ましい。な
お、本発明でいう前記の「距離ｄ」とは、集光用レンズ
の中心から有機ＥＬ素子を構成している下部電極の下面
（透光性基板側の面）までの距離を意味する。As described above, by providing the organic EL element and the condensing lens in one-to-one correspondence in plan view, it is possible to increase the ratio of the EL light converted into parallel light by the condensing lens. However, if the distance d between the lower surface of the lower electrode (the surface on the light-transmitting substrate side) constituting the organic EL element and the condensing lens is too far, the EL light converted into parallel light by the lens will be obtained. The ratio decreases. Although it depends on the size relationship between the size of the organic EL element in plan view (the size of the light emitting layer in plan view) and the size of the condensing lens in plan view,
The distance d is preferably within about twice the focal length f on the object side of the focusing lens, and particularly preferably about 0.8 to 1.2 times the focal length f. The “distance d” in the present invention means a distance from the center of the condensing lens to the lower surface (the surface on the light-transmitting substrate side) of the lower electrode constituting the organic EL element.
【００２９】図２に、透光性基板中に集光用レンズを複
数個設けた有機ＥＬ発光装置の一例の概略を示す。図２
に示した有機ＥＬ発光装置２０は、透光性基板２１の片
面側に複数個の平凸レンズ（平面マイクロレンズ）２２
をその平面部が透光性基板２１の内側表面（有機ＥＬ素
子が設けられる側の面。以下同じ。）となるように互い
に隣接させて設け、その上に下地層２３を設け、この下
地層２３上に複数の有機ＥＬ素子２４を設けたものであ
る。個々の有機ＥＬ素子２４は、下地層２３側からに順
に下部電極（透明電極）２４ａ，発光層２４ｂおよび対
向電極２４ｃを有し、各有機ＥＬ素子２４は、それぞれ
１つの平凸レンズ（平面マイクロレンズ）２２と平面視
上一対一に対応している。この有機ＥＬ発光装置２０は
例えばディスプレイパネルや光源として使用することが
できる。FIG. 2 schematically shows an example of an organic EL light emitting device in which a plurality of condensing lenses are provided in a light transmitting substrate. FIG.
The organic EL light emitting device 20 shown in FIG. 1 has a plurality of plano-convex lenses (flat microlenses) 22
Are provided adjacent to each other such that the plane portion thereof is the inner surface of the light-transmitting substrate 21 (the surface on the side on which the organic EL element is provided; the same applies hereinafter), and the base layer 23 is provided thereon. 23, a plurality of organic EL elements 24 are provided. Each organic EL element 24 has a lower electrode (transparent electrode) 24a, a light-emitting layer 24b, and a counter electrode 24c in this order from the underlayer 23 side. Each organic EL element 24 has one plano-convex lens (plane microlens). 22) and one-to-one in plan view. This organic EL light emitting device 20 can be used, for example, as a display panel or a light source.
【００３０】図３に、透光性基板中および下地層中にそ
れぞれ集光用レンズを複数個設けた有機ＥＬ発光装置の
一例の概略を示す。図３に示した有機ＥＬ発光装置３０
は、透光性基板３１の片面側に複数個の平凸レンズ（平
面マイクロレンズ）３２をその平面部が透光性基板２１
の内側表面と同一平面上に位置するようにして所定の間
隔をあけて設け、その上に、複数個の平凸レンズ３３が
所定の間隔で形成されている下地層３４を設け、この下
地層３４上に複数の有機ＥＬ素子３５を設けたものであ
る。下地層３４中の平凸レンズ３３は、その平面部が下
地層３４の下面（透光性基板３１側の面）と同一平面上
に位置するようにして形成されており、かつ、個々の平
凸レンズ３３は透光性基板３１中の平凸レンズ３２のい
ずれかと共同して１つの両凸レンズを形成している。個
々の有機ＥＬ素子３５は、下地層３４側からに順に下部
電極（透明電極）３５ａ，発光層３５ｂおよび対向電極
３５ｃを有し、各有機ＥＬ素子３５は、それぞれ１つの
両凸レンズ（平凸マイクロレンズ３２と平凸レンズ３３
とからなるもの）と平面視上一対一に対応している。こ
の有機ＥＬ発光装置３０は例えばディスプレイパネルと
して使用することができる。FIG. 3 schematically shows an example of an organic EL light emitting device in which a plurality of condensing lenses are provided in a light-transmitting substrate and an underlayer. Organic EL light emitting device 30 shown in FIG.
A plurality of plano-convex lenses (flat microlenses) 32 on one side of a light-transmitting substrate 31
Are provided at a predetermined interval so as to be located on the same plane as the inner surface of the substrate, and an underlayer 34 on which a plurality of plano-convex lenses 33 are formed at a predetermined interval is provided. A plurality of organic EL elements 35 are provided thereon. The plano-convex lens 33 in the underlayer 34 is formed so that its plane portion is located on the same plane as the lower surface of the underlayer 34 (the surface on the side of the light-transmissive substrate 31). 33 forms one biconvex lens in cooperation with any of the plano-convex lenses 32 in the light-transmitting substrate 31. Each organic EL element 35 has a lower electrode (transparent electrode) 35a, a light emitting layer 35b, and a counter electrode 35c in this order from the underlayer 34 side. Each organic EL element 35 has one biconvex lens (plano-convex micro Lens 32 and plano-convex lens 33
) And one-to-one in plan view. The organic EL light emitting device 30 can be used, for example, as a display panel.
【００３１】そして図４に、下地層中に集光用レンズを
複数個設けた有機ＥＬ発光装置の一例の概略を示す。図
４に示した有機ＥＬ発光装置４０は、透光性基板４１の
片面上に、複数個の平凸レンズ４２が互いに隣接して形
成されている下地層４３を設け、この下地層４３上に複
数の有機ＥＬ素子４４を設けたものである。下地層４３
中の平凸レンズ４２は、その平面部が下地層４３の上面
（有機ＥＬ素子４４側の面）となるように形成されてい
る。個々の有機ＥＬ素子４４は、下地層４３側からに順
に下部電極（透明電極）４４ａ，発光層４４ｂおよび対
向電極４４ｃを有しており、各有機ＥＬ素子４４は、そ
れぞれ１つの平凸レンズ４２と平面視上一対一に対応し
ている。この有機ＥＬ発光装置４０は例えばディスプレ
イパネルとして使用することができる。FIG. 4 schematically shows an example of an organic EL light emitting device having a plurality of condensing lenses provided in an underlayer. The organic EL light emitting device 40 shown in FIG. 4 is provided with an underlayer 43 in which a plurality of plano-convex lenses 42 are formed adjacent to each other on one surface of a light-transmitting substrate 41. The organic EL element 44 is provided. Underlayer 43
The plano-convex lens 42 in the middle is formed so that its plane portion is the upper surface of the base layer 43 (the surface on the organic EL element 44 side). Each organic EL element 44 has a lower electrode (transparent electrode) 44a, a light emitting layer 44b, and a counter electrode 44c in this order from the underlayer 43 side. Each organic EL element 44 has one plano-convex lens 42 They correspond one-to-one in plan view. This organic EL light emitting device 40 can be used, for example, as a display panel.
【００３２】なお、図４に示したような平凸レンズ４２
が設けられている下地層４３を透光性基板４１上に形成
するにあたっては、透光性基板上に平板マイクロレンズ
を固着させることの他に、例えば次の手法を適用するこ
とができる。まず、上記の透光性基板４１として用いる
もの以外の所望の基板上に透明樹脂層を形成し、この透
明樹脂層をフォトリソグラフィー法等によってドット状
にパターニングする。次いで、この基板を加熱して、ド
ット状にパターニングした上記の透明樹脂層を溶融させ
る。このとき、透明樹脂層からなる各ドットは表面張力
により半球状になるので、半球状のまま固化させること
によって集光用レンズを得る。次に、前記集光用レンズ
を被覆するようにして光硬化性樹脂層または熱硬化性樹
脂層を形成し、その層の上に所望の透光性基板を配置し
た後、前記の光硬化性樹脂層または熱硬化性樹脂層を硬
化させる。硬化させた後の光硬化性樹脂層または熱硬化
性樹脂層が本発明でいう「下地層」となる。この後、集
光用レンズを形成するために用いた基板を剥離すること
により、平凸レンズ４２が設けられている下地層４３を
透光性基板４１上に形成することができる。The plano-convex lens 42 shown in FIG.
In forming the underlayer 43 provided with the light-transmitting substrate 41 on the light-transmitting substrate 41, for example, the following method can be applied in addition to fixing the flat microlens on the light-transmitting substrate. First, a transparent resin layer is formed on a desired substrate other than the substrate used as the light-transmitting substrate 41, and the transparent resin layer is patterned into dots by a photolithography method or the like. Next, this substrate is heated to melt the transparent resin layer patterned in a dot shape. At this time, the dots formed of the transparent resin layer become hemispherical due to the surface tension. Therefore, the condensing lens is obtained by solidifying the dots while keeping the hemispherical shape. Next, a light-curable resin layer or a thermosetting resin layer is formed so as to cover the light-collecting lens, and a desired light-transmitting substrate is disposed on the layer. The resin layer or the thermosetting resin layer is cured. The photocurable resin layer or the thermosetting resin layer after being cured becomes the “underlayer” in the present invention. Thereafter, the substrate used to form the condenser lens is peeled off, whereby the base layer 43 provided with the plano-convex lens 42 can be formed on the translucent substrate 41.
【００３３】本発明の有機ＥＬ発光装置は、以上説明し
た透光性基板，有機ＥＬ，集光用レンズおよび必要に応
じて設けられる下地層を有していればよいが、これらの
構成部材以外に色変換膜またはカラーフィルター（マイ
クロカラーフィルターを含む），有機ＥＬ素子用の封止
部等を具備していてもよい。The organic EL light-emitting device of the present invention only needs to have the above-described light-transmitting substrate, organic EL, condensing lens, and an underlayer provided as necessary. May further include a color conversion film or a color filter (including a micro color filter), a sealing portion for an organic EL element, and the like.
【００３４】上記の色変換膜は透明樹脂層中に蛍光性分
子を分散させたものであり、有機ＥＬ素子から放射され
たＥＬ光を所望の色に変換するために使用される。当該
色変換膜は、有機ＥＬ素子を構成している下部電極（透
明電極）と集光用レンズとの間の所望箇所に設けること
ができる。また、有機ＥＬ発光装置が下地層を有してい
る場合には、当該下地層を色変換膜とすることも可能で
ある。The above-mentioned color conversion film is obtained by dispersing fluorescent molecules in a transparent resin layer, and is used for converting EL light emitted from an organic EL element into a desired color. The color conversion film can be provided at a desired position between the lower electrode (transparent electrode) constituting the organic EL element and the condenser lens. When the organic EL light emitting device has a base layer, the base layer can be used as a color conversion film.
【００３５】以上説明した本発明の有機ＥＬ発光装置に
おいては、有機ＥＬ素子を構成している下部電極と当該
有機ＥＬ素子が設けられている透光性基板の外側表面と
の間に集光用レンズが設けられており、この集光用レン
ズと有機ＥＬ素子とが平面視上一対一に対応しているこ
とから、集光用レンズの光軸に平行な光に変換されて
（透光性基板の外表面における法線に平行な光に変換さ
れて）出射するＥＬ光の割合を容易に高くすることがで
きる。In the above-described organic EL light emitting device of the present invention, light is collected between the lower electrode constituting the organic EL element and the outer surface of the light transmitting substrate on which the organic EL element is provided. A lens is provided, and since the light-collecting lens and the organic EL element correspond one-to-one in plan view, the light is converted into light parallel to the optical axis of the light-collecting lens (light transmitting property). The ratio of the emitted EL light (converted to light parallel to the normal line on the outer surface of the substrate) can be easily increased.
【００３６】このため、本発明の有機ＥＬ発光装置では
光取り出し面（透光性基板の外側表面）におけるＥＬ光
の拡散の程度を容易に小さくすることが可能であり、そ
の結果として、光の取り出し効率および正面からみたと
きの輝度を容易に向上させることができる。また、本発
明の有機ＥＬ発光装置をディスプレイパネルとた場合に
は、画像の歪みが小さいものを得ることが可能である。
上記の特性を有する本発明の有機ＥＬ発光装置は、面光
源やディスプレイパネルとして好適である。For this reason, in the organic EL light emitting device of the present invention, it is possible to easily reduce the degree of diffusion of the EL light on the light extraction surface (outer surface of the light transmitting substrate). The take-out efficiency and the brightness when viewed from the front can be easily improved. Further, when the organic EL light emitting device of the present invention is a display panel, it is possible to obtain an image having a small image distortion.
The organic EL light emitting device of the present invention having the above characteristics is suitable as a surface light source or a display panel.
【００３７】[0037]
【実施例】以下、本発明の実施例について説明する。 実施例１ （１）有機ＥＬ発光装置の作製 まず、透光性基板として、イオン交換法によってガラス
基板中にレンズ直径が１００μｍの平面マイクロレンズ
（平凸レンズ）が１００μｍピッチで１００×２００個
形成されている平板マイクロレンズ（日本板硝子（株）
製）を用意した。この平板マイクロレンズに形成されて
いる個々の平面マイクロレンズの焦点距離ｆは２２０μ
ｍであり、当該平面マイクロレンズは集光用レンズとし
て使用される。また、下地層用の平板状部材として、表
面を研磨してその表面粗さの二乗平均値を２０ｎｍとし
た厚さ２００μｍの薄板ガラスを用意した。そして、上
記の平板マクロレンズにおいて平面マイクロレンズ（平
凸レンズ）の平面部が当該平板マイクロレンズの表面の
一部となっている側の面上に、上記の薄板ガラスを透明
接着剤によって固着させた。このとき、透明接着剤層の
膜厚と薄板ガラスの厚さの和は２２０μｍであった。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. Example 1 (1) Production of Organic EL Light-Emitting Device First, as a light-transmitting substrate, 100 × 200 planar microlenses (plano-convex lenses) having a lens diameter of 100 μm were formed at a pitch of 100 μm in a glass substrate by an ion exchange method. Flat micro lens (Nippon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd.)
Made). The focal length f of each flat microlens formed on the flat microlens is 220 μm.
m, and the planar microlens is used as a focusing lens. Further, as a flat-plate member for the underlayer, a 200 μm-thick thin glass sheet whose surface was polished and whose root mean square value was 20 nm was prepared. Then, the thin glass was fixed with a transparent adhesive on the surface of the flat macrolens on which the flat part of the flat microlens (plano-convex lens) was part of the surface of the flat microlens. . At this time, the sum of the thickness of the transparent adhesive layer and the thickness of the thin glass was 220 μm.
【００３８】この後、上記の薄板ガラス上に以下の要領
で有機ＥＬ素子を設けた。まず、ＤＣマグネトロンスパ
ッタリング法によって、上記の薄板ガラス上に膜厚２０
０ｎｍのＩｎ−Ｚｎ−Ｏ系非晶質酸化物膜を製膜した。
このとき、スパッタリングターゲットとしてはＩｎ2Ｏ3
とＺｎＯとからなる焼結体（Ｉｎの原子比Ｉｎ／（Ｉ
ｎ＋Ｚｎ）＝０．６７）を用い、真空槽へはアルゴンガ
スと酸素ガスとの混合ガス（Ａｒ：Ｏ2 ＝１０００：
２．８（体積比））を真空槽内圧力が３×１０-1Ｐａと
なるように導入し、スパッタリング出力を２０Ｗに、ま
た、基板温度を室温に設定してスパッタリングを行っ
た。Thereafter, an organic EL element was provided on the above thin glass in the following manner. First, by DC magnetron sputtering, a film thickness of 20
A 0 nm In-Zn-O-based amorphous oxide film was formed.
At this time, the sputtering target was In 2 O 3
Of ZnO and ZnO (atomic ratio of In / (I
n + Zn) = 0.67), and a mixed gas of argon gas and oxygen gas (Ar: O 2 = 1000:
2.8 (volume ratio)) was introduced such that the pressure in the vacuum chamber became 3 × 10 −1 Pa, the sputtering output was set to 20 W, and the substrate temperature was set to room temperature, and sputtering was performed.
【００３９】次に、フォトリソグラフィー法によって上
記のＩｎ−Ｚｎ−Ｏ系非晶質酸化物膜をパターニングし
て、幅７０μｍの帯状を呈する下部電極（透明電極）を
１００μピッチで計１００本、ストライプ状に形成し
た。Next, the above-mentioned In—Zn—O-based amorphous oxide film is patterned by photolithography, and a total of 100 lower electrodes (transparent electrodes) having a band shape with a width of 70 μm are formed at 100 μ pitches. It was formed in a shape.
【００４０】上記の下部電極まで形成した透光性基板
（平板マイクロレンズ）をイソプロピルアルコール中に
浸漬して超音波洗浄を行った後、サムコインターナショ
ナル社製の紫外線照射機ＵＶ−３００を用いて、紫外線
とオゾンを併用して３０分間洗浄した。The translucent substrate (flat microlens) formed up to the lower electrode was immersed in isopropyl alcohol and subjected to ultrasonic cleaning, and then, using an ultraviolet irradiator UV-300 manufactured by Samco International Co., Ltd. Washing was performed for 30 minutes using both ultraviolet light and ozone.
【００４１】洗浄後の透光性基板（下部電極まで形成さ
れている平板マイクロレンズ）を市販の真空蒸着装置の
基板ホルダーに取り付け、当該透光性基板において上記
の下部電極が形成されている面上に膜厚２５ｎｍの第１
の正孔注入層，膜厚４０ｎｍの第２の正孔注入層，膜厚
６０ｎｍの発光層および膜厚２００ｎｍの対向電極（陰
極）を順次製膜することにより、前記の薄板ガラス（下
地層）上に所定個の有機ＥＬ素子を設けた。The light-transmitting substrate after cleaning (a flat microlens formed up to the lower electrode) is mounted on a substrate holder of a commercially available vacuum evaporation apparatus, and the surface of the light-transmitting substrate on which the lower electrode is formed. A 25 nm thick first layer
The thin glass (base layer) is formed by sequentially forming a hole injection layer having a thickness of 40 nm, a second hole injection layer having a thickness of 40 nm, a light emitting layer having a thickness of 60 nm, and a counter electrode (cathode) having a thickness of 200 nm. A predetermined number of organic EL elements were provided thereon.
【００４２】このとき、第１の正孔注入層の材料として
はＣｕ配位のフタロシアニン（以下、「ＣｕＰｃ」と略
記する。）を、第２の正孔注入層の材料としてはＮ，
Ｎ’−ビス（３−メチルフェニル）−Ｎ，Ｎ’−ジフェ
ニル−（１，１’−ビフェニル）−４，４’−ジアミン
（以下、「ＴＰＤ」と略記する。）を、発光層の材料と
しては８−キノリノールアルミニウム錯体（以下、「Ａ
ｌｑ」と略記する。）を、対向電極の材料としてはＡｌ
−Ｌｉ合金（Ｌｉ含量；２重量％）を用い、いずれの層
を製膜するにあたっても、真空槽内圧力は５×１０-4Ｐ
ａとした。At this time, Cu-coordinated phthalocyanine (hereinafter abbreviated as “CuPc”) is used as the material of the first hole injection layer, and N, N is used as the material of the second hole injection layer.
N′-bis (3-methylphenyl) -N, N′-diphenyl- (1,1′-biphenyl) -4,4′-diamine (hereinafter abbreviated as “TPD”) is used as a material for the light emitting layer. As an 8-quinolinol aluminum complex (hereinafter referred to as “A
lq ”. ), And the material of the counter electrode is Al
In forming any layer using a Li alloy (Li content: 2% by weight), the pressure in the vacuum chamber is 5 × 10 −4 P
a.
【００４３】また、対向電極の製膜は所定のマスクを用
いて行い、対向電極と前述した下部電極とが平面視上直
交するように、かつ、対向電極と下部電極の平面視上の
各交差部が透光性基板（平板マイクロレンズ）中に設け
られているいずれかの平面マイクロレンズに平面視上外
接するようにして、１００μｍピッチで計２００本、幅
７０μｍの対向電極を形成した。The counter electrode is formed using a predetermined mask so that the counter electrode and the above-described lower electrode are orthogonal to each other in plan view, and each intersection of the counter electrode and the lower electrode in plan view. A total of 200 counter electrodes having a width of 70 μm were formed at a pitch of 100 μm such that the portion was circumscribed in plan view to any one of the plane micro lenses provided in the translucent substrate (flat micro lens).
【００４４】なお、対向電極同士は、予め薄板ガラス表
面から下部電極上にかけて所定の間隔で立設した絶縁体
リブによって隔てられており、陰極分離加工ができるよ
うになっている。この絶縁体リブは、第１の正孔注入層
の製膜に先立って、絶縁体膜を製膜後にエッチングする
ことによてって（フォトリソグラフィー法によって）形
成されたものである。The opposing electrodes are separated from each other by insulating ribs which are provided upright at predetermined intervals from the surface of the thin glass to the lower electrode, so that the cathode can be separated. The insulating ribs are formed (by photolithography) by etching the insulating film after forming the film before forming the first hole injection layer.
【００４５】上記のようにして有機ＥＬ素子まで形成す
ることにより、目的とする有機ＥＬ発光装置が得られ
た。この有機ＥＬ発光装置の概略を図１に示す。図１に
示すように、上記の有機ＥＬ発光装置１０では、平板マ
イクロレンズからなる透光性基板１において平面マイク
ロレンズ（平凸レンズ；集光用レンズ）２が形成されて
いる側の面上に薄板ガラスからなる下地層３が設けられ
ており、この下地層３上に平面視上の大きさが７０×７
０μｍの有機ＥＬ素子４が１００×２００個設けられて
いる。集光用レンズである平面マイクロレンズ２と有機
ＥＬ素子４とは、平面視上一対一に対応するようにして
設けられている。すなわち、平面マイクロレンズ２の光
軸と平行な方向から当該平面マイクロレンズ２および有
機ＥＬ素子４を平面したときに、平面視上の大きさが７
０×７０μｍの有機ＥＬ素子４が直径１００μｍの平面
マイクロレンズ２に実質的に内接するようにして、設け
られている。By forming up to the organic EL element as described above, the intended organic EL light emitting device was obtained. FIG. 1 schematically shows the organic EL light emitting device. As shown in FIG. 1, in the organic EL light-emitting device 10 described above, the light-transmitting substrate 1 made of a flat microlens has a surface on the side where a planar microlens (plano-convex lens; condensing lens) 2 is formed. An underlayer 3 made of thin glass is provided. The underlayer 3 has a size of 70 × 7
100 × 200 organic EL elements 4 of 0 μm are provided. The plane microlens 2 and the organic EL element 4, which are condensing lenses, are provided so as to correspond one-to-one in plan view. That is, when the planar microlens 2 and the organic EL element 4 are planarized from a direction parallel to the optical axis of the planar microlens 2, the size in plan view is 7 mm.
An organic EL element 4 having a size of 0 × 70 μm is provided so as to substantially inscribe the plane microlens 2 having a diameter of 100 μm.
【００４６】個々の有機ＥＬ素子４は、Ｉｎ−Ｚｎ−Ｏ
系非晶質酸化物膜からなる下部電極（透明電極）４ａ
と、この下部電極４ａ上に形成された２層構造（ＣｕＰ
ｃ膜からなる第１の正孔注入層とＴＰＤ膜からなる第２
の正孔注入層）の正孔注入層４ｂと、この正孔注入層４
ｂ上に形成されたＡｌｑ膜からなる発光層４ｃと、この
発光層４ｃ上に形成されたＡｌ−Ｌｉ合金膜からなる対
向電極４ｄとからなっている。そして、対向電極４ｄ同
士は、下地層３表面から下部電極４ａ上にかけて立設さ
れた絶縁体リブ５によって隔てられている。Each organic EL element 4 is made of In-Zn-O
Electrode (transparent electrode) 4a made of a system amorphous oxide film
And a two-layer structure (CuP) formed on the lower electrode 4a.
a first hole injection layer made of a c film and a second hole injection layer made of a TPD film
Hole injection layer 4b) and the hole injection layer 4b.
The light emitting layer 4c is formed of an Alq film formed on the light emitting layer 4b, and a counter electrode 4d is formed of an Al—Li alloy film formed on the light emitting layer 4c. The opposing electrodes 4d are separated from each other by insulating ribs 5 erected from the surface of the base layer 3 to the lower electrode 4a.
【００４７】上記の構造を有する有機ＥＬ発光装置１０
においては、下地層３の厚さが２００μｍで、この下地
層３が厚さ２０μｍの透明接着層（図示せず）によって
透光性基板１上に固着されていることから、有機ＥＬ素
子４を構成している下部電極４ａと平面マイクロレンズ
２との距離ｄは、平面マイクロレンズ２の焦点距離ｆと
同じ２２０μｍである。この有機ＥＬ発光装置１０は、
個々の有機ＥＬ素子４を画素として利用することができ
るので、ディスプレイパネルとして使用することができ
る。このとき、各有機ＥＬ素子４は緑色に発光する。The organic EL light emitting device 10 having the above structure
Since the thickness of the underlayer 3 is 200 μm and the underlayer 3 is fixed on the translucent substrate 1 by a transparent adhesive layer (not shown) having a thickness of 20 μm, the organic EL element 4 The distance d between the lower electrode 4 a and the planar microlens 2 is 220 μm, which is the same as the focal length f of the planar microlens 2. This organic EL light emitting device 10
Since each organic EL element 4 can be used as a pixel, it can be used as a display panel. At this time, each organic EL element 4 emits green light.
【００４８】（２）表示特性試験 上記（１）で作製した有機ＥＬ発光装置を所定の駆動回
路に接続して、デューティー比１／１００，駆動電圧１
０Ｖの条件で単純マトリックス駆動を行った。全ての有
機ＥＬ素子を発光させ、このときの輝度を有機ＥＬ発光
装置の正面から測定したところ、２１０ｃｄ／ｍ2 とい
う結果が得られた。また、この有機ＥＬ発光装置によっ
て文字表示を行ったところ、表示された文字には実質的
に歪みが認められなかった。(2) Display characteristic test The organic EL light emitting device manufactured in the above (1) was connected to a predetermined driving circuit, and the duty ratio was 1/100 and the driving voltage was 1
Simple matrix drive was performed under the condition of 0V. When all the organic EL elements were allowed to emit light and the luminance at this time was measured from the front of the organic EL light emitting device, a result of 210 cd / m 2 was obtained. When characters were displayed using this organic EL light emitting device, substantially no distortion was observed in the displayed characters.
【００４９】比較例１ 透光性基板としてガラス基板を用い、かつ、有機ＥＬ素
子を構成する下部電極と前記のガラス基板の外側表面
（有機ＥＬ素子が設けられる面とは反対側の面）との間
に集光用レンズ（平面マイクロレンズ）を設けなかった
以外は実施例１（１）と同様にして、有機ＥＬ発光装置
を作製した。この有機ＥＬ発光装置について実施例１
（２）と同条件で正面からみたときの輝度を測定したと
ころ、１００ｃｄ／ｍ2 であった。Comparative Example 1 A glass substrate was used as the light-transmitting substrate, and the lower electrode constituting the organic EL element and the outer surface of the glass substrate (the surface opposite to the surface on which the organic EL element was provided) An organic EL light-emitting device was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 (1) except that no condensing lens (flat microlens) was provided between them. Example 1 of this organic EL light emitting device
The luminance when viewed from the front under the same conditions as (2) was 100 cd / m 2 .
【００５０】放射強度の角度分布の測定 実施例１（１）で作製した有機ＥＬ発光装置および比較
例１で作製した有機ＥＬ発光装置それぞれについて、１
画素の有機ＥＬ素子を発光させたときの放射強度の角度
分布を測定し、立体角による積分を行った。その結果、
実施例１（１）で作製した有機ＥＬ発光装置の単位画素
（有機ＥＬ素子）からの発光出力は、比較例１で作製し
た有機ＥＬ波高装置の単位画素（有機ＥＬ素子）からの
発光出力の２．１倍であることが判明した。このこと
は、実施例１（１）で作製した有機ＥＬ発光装置の光取
り出し効率の方が比較例１で作製した有機ＥＬ発光装置
の光取り出し効率よりも高いことを示している。 Measurement of Angular Distribution of Radiation Intensity For each of the organic EL light emitting device manufactured in Example 1 (1) and the organic EL light emitting device manufactured in Comparative Example 1, 1
The angular distribution of the radiation intensity when the organic EL element of the pixel emitted light was measured, and integration was performed using a solid angle. as a result,
The emission output from the unit pixel (organic EL element) of the organic EL light emitting device manufactured in Example 1 (1) is the emission output from the unit pixel (organic EL element) of the organic EL peak device manufactured in Comparative Example 1. It turned out to be 2.1 times. This indicates that the light extraction efficiency of the organic EL light emitting device manufactured in Example 1 (1) is higher than that of the organic EL light emitting device manufactured in Comparative Example 1.
【００５１】実施例２ 有機ＥＬ素子の平面視上の大きさを５０×５０μｍと
し、かつ、有機ＥＬ素子を構成している下部電極と平面
マイクロレンズとの距離ｄを当該平面マイクロレンズの
焦点距離ｆの１．２倍とした以外は実施例１と同様にし
て、１００×２００個の有機ＥＬ素子を有している有機
ＥＬ発光装置を作製した。この有機ＥＬ発光装置につい
て実施例１（２）と同条件で表示特性試験を行ったとこ
ろ、全ての有機ＥＬ素子を発光させたときの輝度（有機
ＥＬ発光装置の正面から測定した輝度）は２５０ｃｄ／
ｍ2 であり、また、文字表示を行ったときに文字の歪み
は認められなかった。Example 2 The size of the organic EL element in plan view was 50 × 50 μm, and the distance d between the lower electrode constituting the organic EL element and the plane microlens was the focal length of the plane microlens. An organic EL light emitting device having 100 × 200 organic EL elements was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the value was 1.2 times f. When a display characteristic test was performed on this organic EL light emitting device under the same conditions as in Example 1 (2), the luminance (luminance measured from the front of the organic EL light emitting device) when all the organic EL elements emitted light was 250 cd. /
m 2 , and no character distortion was observed when displaying characters.
【００５２】[0052]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明によれば光
の取り出し効率および正面からみたときの輝度が共に高
い有機ＥＬ発光装置を容易に提供することが可能にな
る。As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to easily provide an organic EL light emitting device having high light extraction efficiency and high brightness when viewed from the front.
【図１】実施例１で作製した有機ＥＬ発光装置の概略を
示す部分断面図である。FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view schematically illustrating an organic EL light emitting device manufactured in Example 1.
【図２】本発明の有機ＥＬ発光装置の一構成部材である
集光用レンズの配設位置および配設仕様の一例を説明す
るための概略断面図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining an example of an arrangement position and an arrangement specification of a condensing lens which is a constituent member of the organic EL light emitting device of the present invention.
【図３】本発明の有機ＥＬ発光装置の一構成部材である
集光用レンズの配設位置および配設仕様の他の一例を説
明するための概略断面図である。FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining another example of an arrangement position and an arrangement specification of a condensing lens which is a constituent member of the organic EL light emitting device of the present invention.
【図４】本発明の有機ＥＬ発光装置の一構成部材である
集光用レンズの配設位置および配設仕様の他の一例を説
明するための概略断面図である。FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining another example of an arrangement position and an arrangement specification of a condensing lens which is a component of the organic EL light emitting device of the present invention.
１０，２０，３０，４０…有機ＥＬ発光装置、 １，２
１，３１，４１…透光性基板、 ２，２２，３２，３
３，４２…集光用レンズ（平面マイクロレンズ）、
３，２３，３４，４３…下地層、 ４，２４，３５，４
４…有機ＥＬ素子、４ａ，２４ａ，３５ａ，４４ａ…有
機ＥＬ素子を構成している下部電極（透明電極）。10, 20, 30, 40 ... organic EL light emitting device,
1, 31, 41: translucent substrate, 2, 22, 32, 3
3, 42: Condensing lens (flat microlens),
3, 23, 34, 43: Underlayer, 4, 24, 35, 4
4. Organic EL elements, 4a, 24a, 35a, 44a: Lower electrodes (transparent electrodes) constituting the organic EL elements.
Claims (5)
接または下地層を介して設けられた１もしくは複数の有
機ＥＬ素子、および、該有機ＥＬ素子を構成している下
部電極と前記透光性基板の外側表面との間に設けられた
１もしくは複数の集光用レンズを有し、前記有機ＥＬ素
子と前記集光用レンズとが平面視上一対一に対応するよ
うにして設けられていることを特徴とする有機ＥＬ発光
装置。1. A light-transmitting substrate, one or a plurality of organic EL elements provided directly or through an underlayer on one surface of the light-transmitting substrate, and a lower electrode constituting the organic EL element And one or more condensing lenses provided between the light-transmitting substrate and the outer surface of the light-transmitting substrate, so that the organic EL element and the condensing lens correspond one-to-one in plan view. An organic EL light emitting device characterized by being provided.
ている、請求項１に記載の有機ＥＬ発光装置。2. The organic EL light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the condensing lens is formed in a translucent substrate.
機ＥＬ素子が設けられており、集光用レンズが前記の下
地層中に形成されている、請求項１に記載の有機ＥＬ発
光装置。3. The organic light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein an organic EL element is provided on one surface of the translucent substrate via an underlayer, and a condensing lens is formed in the underlayer. EL light emitting device.
クロレンズである、請求項１〜請求項３のいずれか１項
に記載の有機ＥＬ発光装置。4. The organic EL light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the condensing lens is a refractive index distribution type flat microlens.
けられている、請求項１〜請求項４のいずれか１項に記
載の有機ＥＬ発光装置。5. The organic EL light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the organic EL element is provided on a substantially flat surface.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP33433896A JP4073510B2 (en) | 1996-12-13 | 1996-12-13 | Organic EL light emitting device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP33433896A JP4073510B2 (en) | 1996-12-13 | 1996-12-13 | Organic EL light emitting device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH10172756A true JPH10172756A (en) | 1998-06-26 |
| JP4073510B2 JP4073510B2 (en) | 2008-04-09 |
Family
ID=18276249
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP33433896A Expired - Lifetime JP4073510B2 (en) | 1996-12-13 | 1996-12-13 | Organic EL light emitting device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP4073510B2 (en) |
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