WO2021149470A1

WO2021149470A1 - Light emitting element and display device

Info

Publication number: WO2021149470A1
Application number: PCT/JP2020/049243
Authority: WO
Inventors: 知明鈴木; 啓司杉; 好則内田
Original assignee: ソニーグループ株式会社
Priority date: 2020-01-24
Filing date: 2020-12-28
Publication date: 2021-07-29
Also published as: JPWO2021149470A1

Abstract

The display device of the present disclosure has a display panel provided with a plurality of light emitting elements 10 each including a light emitting part 30 and a light emitting direction control member 50 through which light emitted from the light emitting part 30 passes. The light emitting direction control member 50 in each light emitting element 10 is formed from a first region 51 and a second region 52 surrounding the first region 51. The refractive index value n₁ of the material forming the first region 51 is different from the refractive index value n₂ of the material forming the second region 52.

Description

Light emitting element and display device

The present disclosure relates to a light emitting element and a display device incorporating such a light emitting element.

In a display device in which a plurality of organic electroluminescence diodes (OLEDs) and light emitting diodes (LEDs, Light Emitting Diodes) are arranged in a two-dimensional matrix, the light emitted for higher brightness and lower power consumption. It is required to improve the utilization efficiency of the diode and improve the efficiency. For that purpose, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-060552 discloses a technique in which an organic EL element includes a light extraction structure.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2011-060552

However, the above-mentioned Patent Publication does not mention any technique for controlling the traveling direction of light passing through the light extraction structure depending on the position of the organic EL element in the display device. That is, there is no mention of in what state the image from the display device is emitted to which region of the external space.

Therefore, an object of the present disclosure is a display device having a configuration and structure capable of reliably and accurately controlling which area of the external space the image from the display device is emitted in what state. It is an object of the present invention to provide a light emitting element suitable for use in such a display device.

The display device of the present disclosure for achieving the above object is
Light emitting part and
Light emission direction control member through which the light emitted from the light emitting unit passes
A display device having a display panel provided with a plurality of light emitting elements including the above.
In each light emitting element
The light emission direction control member is composed of a first region and a second region surrounding the first region.
_{The refractive index value n 1} of the material constituting the first region is different from _{the refractive index value n 2} of the material constituting the second region.

The light emitting device of the present disclosure for achieving the above object is
Light emitting part and
Light emission direction control member through which the light emitted from the light emitting unit passes
Including
The light emission direction control member is composed of a first region and a second region surrounding the first region.
_{The refractive index value n 1} of the material constituting the first region is different from _{the refractive index value n 2} of the material constituting the second region.

FIG. 1 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a light emitting element (provided that it is located within a reference point) constituting the display device of the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a light emitting element (provided that it is located away from a reference point) constituting the display device of the first embodiment. 3A and 3B are schematic views showing the positional relationship between the light emitting element and the reference point in the display device of the first embodiment. 4A, 4B, 4C and 4D, the change in D _0-X with respect to a change in D _1-X, is a diagram schematically showing changes in D _0-Y to changes in D _1-Y. 5A, 5B, 5C and 5D, a change in D _0-X with respect to a change in D _1-X, is a diagram schematically showing changes in D _0-Y to changes in D _1-Y. 6A, 6B, 6C and 6D, the change in D _0-X with respect to a change in D _1-X, is a diagram schematically showing changes in D _0-Y to changes in D _1-Y. 7A, 7B, 7C and 7D, the change in D _0-X with respect to a change in D _1-X, is a diagram schematically showing changes in D _0-Y to changes in D _1-Y. 8A and 8B are diagrams schematically showing an example of the arrangement relationship of the light emitting unit, the light emission direction control member, and the third region in the display device of the first embodiment. FIG. 9 is a diagram schematically showing an example of the arrangement relationship of the light emitting unit, the light emission direction control member, and the third region in the display device of the first embodiment. 10A, 10B and 10C show the cross-sectional shape of the first region when the light emission direction control member is cut in a virtual plane (virtual horizontal plane) perpendicular to the thickness direction of the light emission direction control member. It is a schematic diagram which looked at the light emission direction control member from above. 11A, 11B and 11C show the cross-sectional shape of the first region when the light emission direction control member is cut in a virtual plane (virtual horizontal plane) perpendicular to the thickness direction of the light emission direction control member. It is a schematic diagram which looked at the light emission direction control member from above. 12A and 12B are light emission directions for showing the cross-sectional shape of the first region when the light emission direction control member is cut in a virtual plane (virtual horizontal plane) perpendicular to the thickness direction of the light emission direction control member. It is a schematic diagram which looked at the control member from above. 13A, 13B and 13C are schematic partial cross-sectional views of a light emitting direction control member and the like in the light emitting element of the first embodiment. 14A, 14B and 14C are schematic partial cross-sectional views of a light emitting direction control member and the like in the light emitting element of the first embodiment. 15A, 15B and 15C are schematic partial cross-sectional views of a light emitting direction control member and the like in the light emitting element of the first embodiment. FIG. 16 shows the first region and the second light emitting element (red light emitting element), the second light emitting element (green light emitting element), and the third light emitting element (blue light emitting element), respectively, in the display device of the first embodiment. It is a schematic view which looked at the light emission direction control member from above which shows the example which the area is optimized. FIG. 17 is a graph showing the result of simulating the relationship between the light beam angle θ (unit: degree) and the light amount (luminance) when the _{distance D 0} is changed in the light emitting element of the first embodiment. 18A and 18B are diagrams schematically showing the positional relationship between the light emitting element and the reference point in the display device of the second embodiment. FIG. 19 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a light emitting element (provided that it is located within a reference point) constituting the display device of the third embodiment. FIG. 20 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a light emitting element (provided that it is located away from a reference point) constituting the display device of the third embodiment. FIG. 21 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a light emitting element (provided that it is located within a reference point) constituting the display device of the fourth embodiment. FIG. 22 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a light emitting element (provided that it is located away from a reference point) constituting the display device of the fourth embodiment. FIG. 23 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a light emitting element (provided that it is located within a reference point) constituting the modified example-1 of the display device of the first embodiment. FIG. 24 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a light emitting element (provided that it is located away from a reference point) constituting the modified example-1 of the display device of the first embodiment. FIG. 25 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a light emitting element (provided that it is located within a reference point) constituting the modification 2 of the display device of the first embodiment. FIG. 26 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a light emitting element (provided that it is located away from a reference point) constituting the modification 2 of the display device of the first embodiment. FIG. 27 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a light emitting element (provided that it is located within a reference point) constituting the modification 3 of the display device of the first embodiment. FIG. 28 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a light emitting element (provided that it is located away from a reference point) constituting the modification 3 of the display device of the first embodiment. 29A, 29B, 29C and 29D are diagrams schematically showing an arrangement of light emitting elements in the display device of the first embodiment. 30A and 30B, and FIGS. 30C and 30D are diagrams schematically showing the arrangement relationship between the second electrode and the color filter layer in the display device of the first embodiment. FIG. 31 is a conceptual diagram of an image display device constituting the head-mounted display of the fifth embodiment. FIG. 32 is a schematic view of the head-mounted display of the fifth embodiment as viewed from above. FIG. 33 is a schematic view of the head-mounted display of the fifth embodiment as viewed from the front. 34A and 34B are a schematic view of the head-mounted display of Example 5 viewed from the side, and a part of the reflective volume hologram diffraction grating in the head-mounted display of Example 5, respectively. It is a schematic cross-sectional view shown by. 35A and 35B show an example in which the display device of the present disclosure is applied to an interchangeable lens type single-lens reflex type digital still camera, and a front view of the digital still camera is shown in FIG. 35A and a rear view is shown in FIG. 35B.

Hereinafter, the present disclosure will be described based on examples with reference to the drawings, but the present disclosure is not limited to the examples, and various numerical values and materials in the examples are examples. The description will be given in the following order.
1. 1. Description of the light emitting element of the present disclosure and the display device of the present disclosure in general 2. Example 1 (light emitting element of the present disclosure and display device of the present disclosure)
3. 3. Example 2 (Modification of Example 1)
4. Example 3 (Modification of Example 1 to Example 2)
5. Example 4 (Another variant of Example 1 to Example 2)
6. Example 5 (Example in which the display devices of Examples 1 to 4 are applied to a head-mounted display)
7. others

<Explanation of the light emitting element of the present disclosure and the display device of the present disclosure, in general>
In the light-emitting element provided in the display panel constituting the display device of the light-emitting element or the disclosure of the present disclosure, the relationship between n ₁ and n ₂ may be satisfied n ₁ ≠ n _2, n _1> n ₂ It may be n ₁ <n ₂ , and it may be determined according to the specifications required for the display device, but as will be described later, n ₁ <n ₂ is preferable. The number of the first regions may be 1 or more. That is, the number of the first regions may be 1, or may be 2 or more.

In the light emitting element of the present disclosure or the light emitting element provided in the display panel constituting the display device of the present disclosure, the light emission direction control member has a flat plate shape and is in contact with the outer edge portion of the light emission direction control member from the outer edge portion. The outer region (sometimes referred to as the "third region" for convenience) is occupied by a material having a refractive index value n ₃ _{that is smaller than the refractive index value n 2 of the material constituting the second region.} It can be in the form of Alternatively, in the light emitting element of the present disclosure or the light emitting element provided in the display panel constituting the display device of the present disclosure, the light emission direction control member may be in the form of a lens, specifically, light. The emission direction control member may be in the form of a hemisphere or a part of the sphere, and broadly, may be in the form of a shape suitable for functioning as a lens. can. Further, in the light emitting element of the present disclosure including the various preferable forms described above or the light emitting element provided in the display panel constituting the display device of the present disclosure, the form satisfying _{n 1} <n _2. can do.

The light emitting elements of the present disclosure including the various preferable forms described above or the light emitting elements provided in the display panel constituting the display device of the present disclosure are collectively referred to as "the light emitting elements of the present disclosure". May be called.

In the light emitting element and the like of the present disclosure, depending on the position of the light emitting element on the display panel, the emission direction of the light emitted from the center of the light emitting unit and passed through the light emission direction control member from the light emission direction control member. Can have different configurations. A light emitting element having such a configuration may be referred to as a "light emitting element having the first configuration". In this case, when the distance between the normal passing through the center of the light emitting unit and the normal passing through the center of gravity of the first region of the light emitting direction control member is D ₀ , the light emitting element provided in the display panel At least in part, _{the value of the distance D 0} can be non-zero.

Here, the various normals are vertical lines with respect to the light emitting surface of the display panel. Further, various normal projection images described later are normal projection images with respect to the light emitting surface of the display panel.

Further, in the light emitting element and the like of the present disclosure including various preferable configurations (including the light emitting element of the first configuration) described above,
A reference point is set,
At least a part of the light emitting element provided in the display panel is emitted from the center of the light emitting portion and passes through the light emitting direction control member depending on _{the distance D 1 from the reference point to the normal passing through the center of the light emitting portion.} The emission direction of the light emitted from the light emission direction control member can be set. A light emitting element having such a configuration may be referred to as a “second configuration light emitting element”. The reference point may include some extent. That is, in the following description, the "reference point" includes the "reference area". The same applies to the following. Then, the value of the distance D ₀ can be configured to depend on the value of the distance D _1.

Furthermore, in the light emitting elements and the like of the present disclosure including various preferable configurations (including the light emitting elements of the first configuration to the second configuration) described above,
A reference point is set,
In at least a part of the light emitting elements provided in the display panel, the value of (n _{2 −} n ₁ _{) is set depending on the distance D 1} from the reference point to the normal passing through the center of the light emitting portion. can do. A light emitting element having such a configuration may be referred to as a "light emitting element having a third configuration".

Further, in the light emitting elements and the like of the present disclosure including various preferable configurations (including the light emitting elements of the first to third configurations) described above, the light emitting elements and the like of the present disclosure include.
A reference point is set,
In at least a part of the light emitting elements provided in the display panel, a virtual plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the light emitting direction control member depends on _{the distance D 1} from the reference point to the normal passing through the center of the light emitting portion. The cross-sectional shape of the first region (hereinafter, may be referred to as “horizontal cross-sectional shape” for convenience) when the light emission direction control member is cut in the virtual horizontal plane) can be set. A light emitting element having such a configuration may be referred to as a “fourth light emitting element”. In the light emitting element of the fourth configuration, the horizontal cross-sectional shape of the first region is essentially arbitrary, but polygons including triangles, quadrangles, hexagons and octagons (including regular polygons), and circles. , Oval, oval, a shape corresponding to a carryt symbol, a fan shape, and a shape corresponding to a rambolt ring.

It should be noted that all the light emitting elements provided in the display panel may have certain parameters in the same first region or second region, or may have certain parameters in different first regions or second regions. May be. As an example, for example, even if the positions and sizes in which the first region is formed are different, all the light emitting elements provided in the display panel may have the same horizontal cross-sectional shape of the first region. However, they may have different horizontal cross-sectional shapes of the first region. The same applies to the following.

Then, in the light emitting elements of the second to fourth configurations described above, the reference point can be configured as assumed in the display panel, and in this case,
(A) The reference point is not located in the central area of the display panel (B) One reference point is assumed (C) Multiple reference points are assumed (D) The reference point is If one is assumed, the reference point is not included in the central area of the display panel, and if multiple reference points are assumed, at least one reference point is not included in the central area of the display panel. be able to. In these cases, the value of the distance D ₀ in a part of the light-emitting element is 0, the value of the distance D ₀ in the remaining light-emitting element can have a structure not zero. In the light emitting element included in the reference point (reference region) assumed in the display panel, the light emission direction control member may be composed of only the second region in some cases.

Alternatively, in the light emitting elements of the second to fourth configurations described above, the reference point can be configured to be outside (outside) of the display panel. In this case,
(E) A configuration in which one reference point is assumed (F) A configuration in which a plurality of reference points are assumed can be used. In these cases, the light emitted from each light emitting element and passing through the light emission direction control member may be configured to converge (concentrate) on a certain region of the space outside the display device. Alternatively, the light emitted from each light emitting element and passing through the light emission direction control member may be diverged in the space outside the display device. _{In these cases, the value of the distance D 0} can be non-zero in all the light emitting elements.

Alternatively, in the light emitting elements and the like of the present disclosure, the light emitted from each light emitting element and passing through the light emitting direction control member can be configured to be parallel light.

Further, in the light emitting element and the like of the present disclosure including various preferable configurations described above, when the light emission direction control member is cut in a virtual plane (virtual horizontal plane) perpendicular to the thickness direction of the light emission direction control member. The cross-sectional shape of the first region (horizontal cross-sectional shape of the first region) is constant or constant along the thickness direction of the light emission direction control member in at least a part of the light emitting element provided in the display panel. , Can be in a changing form. Then, in this case, in at least a part of the light emitting element provided in the display panel, the horizontal cross-sectional shape of the first region becomes larger from the light incident surface to the light emitting surface of the light emitting direction control member, or It can be in a smaller form. Alternatively, in at least a part of the light emitting element provided on the display panel, a normal line passing through the center of gravity of the first region of the light emitting direction control member and a first region passing through the center of gravity of the first region of the light emitting direction control member. The axes of the above can be in the form of intersecting at an angle exceeding 0 degrees. That is, the first region can be in a form extending diagonally with respect to the normal passing through the center of the light emitting portion when viewed as a whole.

Further, in the light emitting element and the like of the present disclosure including various preferable configurations and forms described above, when the depth of the first region is H ₁ and the thickness of the light emission direction control member is H ₀ .
0.5 ≤ H ₁ / H ₀ ≤ 1.0
Can be made into a satisfying form. In this case, the lower part of the first region may be occupied by the material constituting the second region, or the upper part of the first region may be occupied by the material constituting the second region. .. Then, the above-mentioned _{value of H 1} / H ₀ can be in a form depending on the value of the distance D _1.

Furthermore, in the light emitting elements and the like of the present disclosure including various preferable configurations and forms described above,
A reference point is set,
The plurality of light emitting elements are arranged in a first direction and a second direction different from the first direction.
The distance between the normal passing through the center of the light emitting part and the normal passing through the center of gravity of the first region of the light emitting direction control member is D ₀ , and the distance from the reference point to the normal passing through the center of the light emitting part is D ₁ year,
The values of the first direction and the second direction of the distance D ₀ _{are D 0-X} and D _0-Y, and the values of the first direction and the second direction of the distance D ₁ _{are D 1-. When X} and D _1-Y are used
D _0-X with respect to the change in D _1-X is changed linearly, D _0-Y with respect to the change in D _1-Y changes linearly, or,
D _0-X with respect to the change in D _1-X is changed linearly, D _0-Y with respect to the change in D _1-Y changes nonlinearly, or,
D _0-X with respect to the change in D _1-X is changed to a non-linear, D _0-Y with respect to the change in D _1-Y changes linearly, or,
D _0-X with respect to the change in D _1-X is changed to a non-linear, D _0-Y with respect to the change in D _1-Y can be in the form of changes nonlinearly.

Here, the D _0-X with respect to the change in D _1-X changes linearly, D _0-Y with respect to the change in D _1-Y varies linearly, the
D _0-X = k _X · D _1-X
D _0-Y = k _Y · D _1-Y
Means that holds true. However, k _X and k _Y are constants. That is, D _0-X and D _0-Y change based on the linear function. On the other hand, the D _0-X with respect to the change in D _1-X changes nonlinearly, D _0-Y with respect to the change in D _1-Y varies linearly, the
D _0-X = f _X (D _1-X )
D _0-Y = f _Y (D _1-Y )
Means that holds true. Here, f _X and f _Y are functions that are not linear functions (for example, quadratic functions).

Alternatively, changes in the D _0-X with respect to a change in D _1-X, a change in the D _0-Y to changes in D _1-Y, may be a step change. Furthermore, when dividing the display panel in the region of M × N, in the one area, the change in D _0-X with respect to a change in D _1-X, a change in the D _0-Y to changes in D _1-Y , It may be invariant or it may be a constant change.

Furthermore, in the light emitting elements and the like of the present disclosure including various preferable configurations and forms described above,
A reference point is set,
The distance between the normal passing through the center of the light emitting part and the normal passing through the center of gravity of the first region of the light emitting direction control member is D ₀ , and the distance from the reference point to the normal passing through the center of the light emitting part is D ₁ Then, as _{the value of the distance D 1} increases, the value of the distance D ₀ can be increased.

Further, when the distance from the reference point to a normal line passing through the center of the light-emitting portion and the D _1, the distance depending of the value of D _1, i.e., if Kaware the value of the distance D _1, the position of the first region ( That is, _{at least one term of the value of the distance D 0} ), the shape, _{the relationship between n 1} and n ₂ , the size, the height, and the number may be changed.

Further, in the light emitting element of the present disclosure including various preferable configurations and forms described above, the light emitting unit provided in the light emitting element can be in a form including an organic electroluminescence layer. That is, the display device of the present disclosure including various preferable forms and configurations described above can be in a form composed of an organic electroluminescence display device (organic EL display device), and the light emitting element can be an organic electroluminescence display device. It can be in the form of an element (organic EL element). Alternatively, the light emitting unit may have a form including a light emitting diode (LED).

Further, in the light emitting element and the like of the present disclosure including the preferable configurations and forms described above, a color filter layer may be provided on the light incident side or the light emitting side of the light emitting direction control member. In this case, the normal projection image of the light emission direction control member matches the normal projection image of the color filter layer, is included in the normal projection image of the color filter layer, or includes the normal projection image of the color filter layer. It can be in the form. Furthermore, in these cases, in the light-emitting element value of the distance D ₀ is not zero,
(A) A form (b) in which the normal passing through the center of the light emitting portion, the normal passing through the center of gravity of the first region of the light emitting direction control member, and the normal passing through the center of the color filter layer coincide with each other. The normal that passes through the center of the unit and the normal that passes through the center of gravity of the first region of the light emission direction control member do not match the normal that passes through the center of the color filter layer (c). ) A form in which the normal passing through the center of gravity of the first region of the light emitting direction control member and the normal passing through the center of the color filter layer match, but do not match the normal passing through the center of the light emitting portion. (D) A form in which the normal passing through the center of the light emitting portion, the normal passing through the center of gravity of the first region of the light emitting direction control member, and the normal passing through the center of the color filter layer do not match can be mentioned. can. The center of the color filter layer refers to the area center of gravity point of the area occupied by the color filter layer. Further, in these cases, a light absorption layer (black matrix layer) can be formed between the color filter layers of the adjacent light emitting elements, whereby color mixing occurs between the adjacent light emitting elements. Can be reliably suppressed. Generally, the color filter layer is composed of a resin to which a colorant composed of a desired pigment or dye is added, and by selecting the pigment or dye, light transmission in a target wavelength range such as red, green, or blue is transmitted. It is adjusted so that the rate is high and the light transmittance in other wavelength ranges is low.

Further, in the light emitting element and the like of the present disclosure including the preferable configurations and forms described above, a part of the third region located between the outer edges of the adjacent light emission direction control members, or in some cases, may be. A light absorption layer (black matrix layer) can be formed between the adjacent light emitting elements, and this also ensures that the occurrence of color mixing between the adjacent light emitting elements can be suppressed. ..

These light absorption layers (black matrix layers) are made of, for example, a black resin film (specifically, for example, a black polyimide resin) having an optical density of 1 or more mixed with a black colorant, or also. , It is composed of a thin film filter that utilizes the interference of thin films. The thin film filter is formed by stacking two or more thin films made of, for example, a metal, a metal nitride or a metal oxide, and attenuates light by utilizing the interference of the thin films. Specific examples of the thin film filter include those in which Cr and chromium (III) oxide (Cr ₂ O ₃ ) are alternately laminated.

Examples of the material constituting the first region, the material constituting the second region, and the material constituting the third region include transparent resin materials such as acrylic resin, epoxy resin, polycarbonate resin, and polyimide resin, and transparent inorganic material. Materials can be mentioned. Specifically, as a material constituting a flat plate-shaped or lens-shaped light emission direction control member, a transparent resin material such as an acrylic resin, an epoxy resin, a polycarbonate resin, a polyimide resin, or a transparent inorganic material such as _{SiO 2 is used.} Can be mentioned. In addition, as a transparent resin material, a photosensitive resin material including an ultraviolet curable resin material, a thermosetting resin material, and a thermoplastic resin material can be broadly mentioned.

The material constituting the first region, the material constituting the second region, and the material constituting the third region may be composed of the same material (however, the refractive index is different), or may be composed of materials having different refractive indexes. You may. In some cases, the first region may be in an air-filled state or in a vacuum state. In some cases, the third region may be filled with air or in a vacuum state.

The top surface of the flat plate-shaped light emission direction control member may be flat, may have an upward convex shape, or may have a concave shape, but the display panel may have a concave shape. From the viewpoint of improving the brightness in the front direction, it is preferable that the top surface of the flat plate-shaped light emission direction control member is flat. The flat plate-shaped light emission direction control member can be obtained by a combination of a photolithography technique and an etching method, or can be formed based on a nanoprint method. The lens-shaped light emission direction control member can be obtained by melt-flowing a transparent resin material, or by etching back, or a photo using a gray tone mask. It can be obtained by a combination of a lithography technique and an etching method, or it can be obtained by a method such as forming a transparent resin material into a lens shape based on a nanoprint method. The formation of the first region can be obtained at the same time as the formation of the light emission direction control member, or separately from the formation of the light emission direction control member, by a combination of the photolithography technique and the etching method, and can be applied to the nanoprint method. It can also be formed based on.

The planar shape of the flat plate-shaped light emitting direction control member is preferably similar to the light emitting region described later, or the light emitting region is preferably included in the normal projection image of the flat plate-shaped light emitting direction control member. Specifically, a circle, an ellipse and an oval, and a polygon including a triangle, a quadrangle, a hexagon and an octagon (including a regular polygon such as a regular hexagon (honeycomb)) can be mentioned. Further, as the shape of the entire light emission direction control member, a columnar shape or a truncated cone shape (the top surface corresponds to the cut head, or the bottom surface corresponds to the cut head) can be mentioned. The portion of the ridge where the side surface of the second region intersects the side surface of the columnar or truncated cone-shaped light emitting direction control member may be rounded, or the portion of the columnar or truncated cone-shaped light emitting direction control member may be rounded. The portion of the ridge where the side surface and the top surface of the two regions intersect may be rounded or may be cut out. Further, the portion of the top surface of the second region intersecting with the top surface of the first region of the light emission direction control member may be rounded or may be cut out.

The outer edge of the flat plate-shaped light emission direction control member is preferably vertical or substantially vertical. Specifically, the inclination angle of the outer edge portion of the flat plate-shaped light emission direction control member is 80 degrees to 100 degrees, preferably 81.8 degrees or more, 98.2 degrees or less, more preferably 84.0 degrees or more. 96.0 degrees or less, more preferably 86.0 degrees or more, 94.0 degrees or less, particularly preferably 88.0 degrees or more, 92.0 degrees or less, most preferably 90 degrees can be exemplified. Further, the average height of the flat plate-shaped light emitting direction control member can be exemplified as 1.5 μm or more and 2.5 μm or less, whereby the light condensing effect in the vicinity of the outer edge portion of the flat plate-shaped light emitting direction control member can be exemplified. Can be effectively enhanced. The shortest distance between the outer edges of adjacent light emission direction control members is 0.4 μm or more and 1.2 μm or less, preferably 0.6 μm or more and 1.2 μm or less, more preferably 0.8 μm or more and 1.2 μm or less. More preferably, 0.8 μm or more and 1.0 μm or less can be mentioned. By defining the minimum value of the shortest distance between the outer edges of the adjacent light emission direction control members as 0.4 μm, the shortest distance between the adjacent light emission direction control members is the same as the lower limit value of the visible light wavelength band. As a result, the functional deterioration of the third region can be suppressed, and as a result, the light collecting effect in the vicinity of the outer edge portion of the light emission direction control member can be effectively enhanced. On the other hand, by defining the maximum value of the shortest distance between the outer edges of the adjacent light emission direction control members as 1.2 μm, the size of the light emission direction control member can be reduced, and as a result, the light emission direction control member The light collection effect in the vicinity of the outer edge can be effectively enhanced. The maximum distance (maximum distance in the height direction) from the light emitting unit to the bottom surface of the light emitting direction control member is more than 0.35 μm and 7 μm or less, preferably 1.3 μm or more, 7 μm or less, more preferably 2.8 μm or more. , 7 μm or less, more preferably 3.8 μm or more, and 7 μm or less. By defining that the maximum distance from the light emitting portion to the light emitting direction control member exceeds 0.35 μm, the light collecting effect in the vicinity of the outer edge portion of the light emitting direction controlling member can be effectively enhanced. On the other hand, by defining that the maximum distance from the light emitting unit to the light emitting direction control member is 7 μm or less, deterioration of the viewing angle characteristic can be suppressed. The distance between the centers of the adjacent light emission direction control members is preferably 1 μm or more and 10 μm or less, and by setting it to 10 μm or less, the wave nature of light appears remarkably. A high light-collecting effect can be imparted.

The number of flat plate-shaped light emission direction control members for one pixel (described later) is essentially arbitrary, and may be 1 or more. For example, when one pixel is composed of three sub-pixels, the number of flat plate-shaped light emission direction control members may be three, and when one pixel is composed of four sub-pixels. The number of flat plate-shaped light emission direction control members may be four. The distance between the center of the light emitting portion of the light emitting element and the center of the light emitting portion of the light emitting element adjacent to the light emitting element can be exemplified by 1 μm to 10 μm.

In the display device of the present disclosure, the display panel emits at least a first light emitting element (for example, a red light emitting element) that emits a first color (for example, red) and a second color (for example, green). It has a plurality of light emitting element units composed of two light emitting elements (for example, a green light emitting element) and a third light emitting element (for example, a blue light emitting element) that emits a third color (for example, blue). Ori,
Each of the first light emitting element, the second light emitting element, and the third light emitting element can be in a form in which the first region and the second region are optimized.

That is, in each of the first light emitting element, the second light emitting element, and the third light emitting element, the position and shape of the first region, _{the relationship between n 1} and n ₂ , the size, the height, and the number are optimized. , Reliably and accurately control the direction of light emitted from each of the first light emitting element, the second light emitting element, and the third light emitting element through the light emitting direction control member (light distribution control). It can be carried out.

In the display device, a red light emitting element in which a light emitting unit that emits white light and a red color filter layer are combined, a green light emitting element in which a light emitting unit that emits white light and a green color filter layer are combined, and white Each of the blue light emitting elements in which the light emitting unit for emitting light and the blue color filter layer are combined is provided as sub-pixels, and one pixel is composed of these sub-pixels. Alternatively, each of a red light emitting element composed of a light emitting unit that emits red light, a green light emitting element composed of a light emitting unit that emits green light, and a blue light emitting element composed of a light emitting unit that emits blue light is subordinate. It is provided as a pixel, and one pixel is composed of these sub-pixels. Alternatively, a light emitting element composed of a light emitting unit that emits a fourth color (light) other than red, green, and blue may be further combined as a sub-pixel, or a display that generates a monochromatic image. It can also be a device.

In the display device of the present disclosure, as the arrangement of pixels (or sub-pixels), a delta arrangement can be mentioned, or a stripe arrangement, a diagonal arrangement, a rectangle arrangement, and a pentile arrangement can be mentioned.

The display device can be used, for example, as a monitor device constituting a personal computer, a television receiver, a mobile phone, a PDA (personal digital assistant), a monitor device incorporated in a game device, or a projector. It can be used as a display device built into the computer. Alternatively, it can be applied to an electronic viewfinder (Electronic ViewFinder, EVF) or a head-mounted display (Head Mounted Display, HMD), for VR (Virtual Reality), for MR (Mixed Reality), or. It can be applied to a display device for AR (Augmented Reality). Alternatively, electronic books, electronic newspapers and other electronic papers, signboards, posters, blackboards and other bulletin boards, rewritable paper as a substitute for printer paper, home appliance displays, point cards and other card displays, electronic advertisements, and images in electronic POPs. A display device can be configured. By using the display device of the present disclosure as a light emitting device, various lighting devices including a backlight device for a liquid crystal display device and a planar light source device can be configured.

Head-mounted displays are, for example,
(B) The frame attached to the observer's head and
(B) Image display device attached to the frame,
Is equipped with
The image display device is
(A) An image forming apparatus provided with the display device of the present disclosure, and
(B) An optical device in which light emitted from an image forming apparatus is incident and emitted.
Is equipped with
The optical device is
(B-1) A light guide plate, in which light incident from an image forming apparatus (specifically, the display device of the present disclosure) propagates inside by total reflection and then is emitted toward an observer.
(B-2) It is composed of a first deflection means (for example, a volume hologram diffraction grating) that deflects the light incident on the light guide plate so that the light incident on the light guide plate is totally reflected inside the light guide plate. ), And
(B-3) A second deflecting means (for example,) for deflecting the light propagated inside the light guide plate by total internal reflection over a plurality of times in order to emit the light propagated inside the light guide plate by total reflection from the light guide plate. Consists of a volume hologram diffraction grating),
It has.

Alternatively, the head-mounted display is, for example, a retinal projection type display based on Maxwell vision, which displays an image by directly projecting an image (light beam) onto the observer's retina, specifically, a retinal projection type display. It can also be a head-mounted display.

Hereinafter, a form in which the light emitting unit provided in the light emitting element includes an organic electroluminescence layer, that is, a form in which the display device of the present disclosure is composed of an organic electroluminescence display device (organic EL display device) will be described. ..

The display device is
The first substrate, the second substrate, and
A plurality of light emitting elements arranged in a two-dimensional manner located between the first substrate and the second substrate.
Is equipped with
The light emitting element includes a light emitting part
The light emitting portion provided on the substrate formed on the first substrate is
1st electrode,
2nd electrode and
An organic layer sandwiched between a first electrode and a second electrode (including a light emitting layer including an organic electroluminescence layer),
At least have
The light from the organic layer is emitted to the outside through the second substrate, or is emitted to the outside through the first substrate. The second electrode is provided on the second substrate side, and the first electrode is provided on the first substrate side.

That is, the display device of the present disclosure can be a top emission type (top emission type) display device (top emission type display device) that emits light from the second substrate via the second electrode, or the first display device. It is also possible to use a bottom emission type (bottom emission type) display device (bottom emission type display device) that emits light from the first substrate via electrodes.

As described above, the light emitting unit is composed of a first electrode, an organic layer, and a second electrode. The center of the light emitting portion refers to the area center of gravity point of the region (light emitting region) where the first electrode and the organic layer are in contact with each other. The first electrode may be in contact with a part of the organic layer, or the organic layer may be in contact with a part of the first electrode. Specifically, the size of the first electrode can be smaller than that of the organic layer, or the size of the first electrode is the same as that of the organic layer, but the first electrode and the organic layer are organic. An insulating layer may be formed in a part between the layers, or the size of the first electrode may be larger than that of the organic layer.

Then, the organic layer can be in the form of emitting white light, and in this case, the organic layer can be in the form of being composed of at least two light emitting layers that emit different colors. Specifically, the organic layer includes a red light emitting layer that emits red (wavelength: 620 nm to 750 nm), a green light emitting layer that emits green (wavelength: 495 nm to 570 nm), and blue (wavelength: 450 nm to 495 nm). It can have a laminated structure in which three layers of a blue light emitting layer that emits light are laminated, and emits white light as a whole. Alternatively, the organic layer can have a structure in which two layers, a blue light emitting layer that emits blue light and a yellow light emitting layer that emits yellow light, are laminated, and emits white light as a whole. Alternatively, the organic layer can have a structure in which two layers, a blue light emitting layer that emits blue light and an orange light emitting layer that emits orange light, are laminated, and emits white light as a whole. The organic layer may be shared by a plurality of light emitting elements, or may be individually provided in each light emitting element. Then, by combining such an organic layer that emits white light and a red color filter layer (or a flattening layer that functions as a red color filter layer), a red light emitting element is configured, and the organic layer that emits white light and a green color are formed. A green light emitting element is configured by combining with a filter layer (or a flattening layer that functions as a green color filter layer), and an organic layer that emits white light and a flattening layer that functions as a blue color filter layer (or a blue color filter layer). ) Is combined to form a blue light emitting element. The flattening layer will be described later. As described above, one pixel is composed of a combination of sub-pixels such as a red light emitting element, a green light emitting element, and a blue light emitting element. In some cases, one pixel may be composed of a red light emitting element, a green light emitting element, a blue light emitting element, and a light emitting element that emits white (or a fourth color) (or a light emitting element that emits complementary color light). In a form composed of at least two light emitting layers that emit different colors, in reality, the light emitting layers that emit different colors may be mixed and not clearly separated into each layer.

Alternatively, the organic layer can be in the form of one light emitting layer. In this case, the light emitting element is, for example, from a red light emitting element having an organic layer including a red light emitting layer, a green light emitting element having an organic layer including a green light emitting layer, or a blue light emitting element having an organic layer including a blue light emitting layer. Can be configured. In the case of a color display display device, one pixel is composed of these three types of light emitting elements (sub-pixels). Alternatively, it is composed of a laminated structure of a red light emitting element having an organic layer including a red light emitting layer, a green light emitting element having an organic layer including a green light emitting layer, and a blue light emitting element having an organic layer including a blue light emitting layer. You can also. Although it is not necessary to form the color filter layer in principle, a color filter layer may be provided to improve the color purity.

The substrate is formed on or above the first substrate. As the material constituting the substrate, an insulating material such as SiO ₂ , SiN, and SiON can be exemplified. The substrate is formed by a forming method suitable for the material constituting the substrate, specifically, various printing methods such as various CVD methods, various coating methods, various PVD methods including sputtering method and vacuum deposition method, screen printing method, and plating. It can be formed based on known methods such as a method, an electrodeposition method, a dipping method, and a sol-gel method.

A light emitting element drive unit is provided below or below the substrate, but not limited to. The light emitting element driving unit includes, for example, a transistor (specifically, for example, MOSFET) formed on a silicon semiconductor substrate constituting the first substrate, or a thin film transistor (TFT) provided on various substrates constituting the first substrate. It is composed of. The transistor or TFT constituting the light emitting element driving unit and the first electrode can be connected to each other via a contact hole (contact plug) formed in a substrate or the like. The light emitting element drive unit may have a well-known circuit configuration. The second electrode is connected to the light emitting element driving unit via a contact hole (contact plug) formed in a substrate or the like on the outer peripheral portion of the display panel.

The first electrode is provided for each light emitting element. The organic layer is provided for each light emitting element, or is provided in common for the light emitting elements. The second electrode may be a common electrode in a plurality of light emitting elements. That is, the second electrode may be a so-called solid electrode. The first substrate is arranged below or below the substrate, and the second substrate is arranged above the second electrode. A light emitting element is formed on the first substrate side, and the light emitting portion is provided on the substrate.

The first substrate or the second substrate is a silicon semiconductor substrate, a high-distortion point glass substrate, a soda glass (Na ₂ O / CaO / SiO ₂ ) substrate, a borosilicate glass (Na ₂ O / B ₂ O ₃ / SiO ₂ ) substrate. , forsterite (2MgO · SiO ₂₎ substrate, lead glass _{(Na 2 O · PbO · SiO} 2) substrate, various glass substrates of an insulating material layer is formed on the surface, a quartz substrate, an insulating material layer formed on its surface Quartz substrate, polymethylmethacrylate (polymethylmethacrylate, PMMA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinylphenol (PVP), polyethersulfone (PES), polyimide, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) It can be composed of an organic polymer exemplified in (having a form of a polymer material such as a flexible plastic film composed of a polymer material, a plastic sheet, or a plastic substrate). The materials constituting the first substrate and the second substrate may be the same or different. However, in the case of the top light emitting type display device, the second substrate is required to be transparent to the light from the light emitting element, and in the case of the bottom light emitting type display device, the first substrate is exposed to the light from the light emitting element. On the other hand, it is required to be transparent.

When the first electrode functions as an anode electrode as a material constituting the first electrode, for example, platinum (Pt), gold (Au), silver (Ag), chromium (Cr), tungsten (W), nickel (Ni). ), Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), Cobalt (Co), Tantal (Ta) and other metals or alloys with high work functions (for example, silver as the main component and 0.3% by mass to 1% by mass of palladium (for example). Ag—Pd—Cu alloy containing Pd) and 0.3% by mass to 1% by mass of copper (Cu), Al—Nd alloy, Al—Cu alloy, Al—Cu—Ni alloy) can be mentioned. .. Furthermore, when a conductive material having a small work function value such as aluminum (Al) and an alloy containing aluminum and having a high light reflectance is used, hole injection is performed by providing an appropriate hole injection layer. By improving the characteristics, it can be used as an anode electrode. As the thickness of the first electrode, 0.1 μm to 1 μm can be exemplified. Alternatively, when the first electrode is required to be transparent to the light from the light emitting element, indium oxide, indium-tin oxide (ITO, Indium Tin Oxide, Sn) can be used as the material constituting the first electrode. Dope In ₂ O ₃ , including crystalline ITO and amorphous ITO), Indium-Zinc Oxide (IZO, Indium Zinc Oxide), Indium-Gallium Oxide (IGO), Indium Dope Gallium-Zinc Oxide (IGZO) , In-GaZnO ₄ ), IFO (F-doped In ₂ O ₃ ), ITOO (Ti-doped In ₂ O ₃ ), InSn, InSnZNO, zinc oxide (SnO ₂ ), ATO (Sb-doped SnO ₂ ), FTO (F-doped SnO ₂ ), zinc oxide (ZnO), aluminum oxide-doped zinc oxide (AZO), gallium-doped zinc oxide (GZO), B-doped ZnO, AlMgZnO (aluminum oxide and magnesium oxide-doped) Zinc oxide), antimony oxide, titanium oxide, NiO, spinel-type oxide, oxide having a YbFe ₂ O ₄ structure, gallium oxide, titanium oxide, niobium oxide, nickel oxide, etc. Various transparent conductive materials such as sex materials can be mentioned. Alternatively, an oxide of indium and tin (ITO) or an oxide of indium and zinc (ITO) on a highly light-reflecting reflective film such as a dielectric multilayer film or aluminum (Al) or an alloy thereof (for example, Al—Cu—Ni alloy). It is also possible to have a structure in which a transparent conductive material having excellent hole injection characteristics such as an oxide (IZO) of the above is laminated. On the other hand, when the first electrode functions as a cathode electrode, it is desirable that the first electrode is made of a conductive material having a small work function value and a high light reflectance, but a conductive material having a high light reflectance used as an anode electrode is used. It can also be used as a cathode electrode by improving the electron injection characteristics by providing an appropriate electron injection layer.

In the top emission type (top emission type) display device (top emission type display device), the second electrode functions as a material (semi-light transmitting material or a light transmitting material) constituting the second electrode, and the second electrode functions as a cathode electrode. In the case of making it, it is desirable that it is composed of a conductive material having a small work function value so that emitted light can be transmitted and electrons can be efficiently injected into the organic layer (light emitting layer). For example, aluminum (Al) , Silver (Ag), Magnesium (Mg), Calcium (Ca), Sodium (Na), Strontium (Sr), Alkali Metal or Alkaline Earth Metal and Silver (Ag) [For example, Magnesium (Mg) and Silver (Ag) (Mg-Ag alloy)], magnesium-calcium alloy (Mg-Ca alloy), aluminum (Al) and lithium (Li) alloy (Al-Li alloy), and other metals or alloys with a small work function. Among them, Mg—Ag alloy is preferable, and Mg: Ag = 5: 1 to 30: 1 can be exemplified as the volume ratio of magnesium and silver. Alternatively, as the volume ratio of magnesium to calcium, Mg: Ca = 2: 1 to 10: 1 can be exemplified. As the thickness of the second electrode, 4 nm to 50 nm, preferably 4 nm to 20 nm, and more preferably 6 nm to 12 nm can be exemplified. Alternatively, at least one material selected from the group consisting of Ag-Nd-Cu, Ag-Cu, Au and Al-Cu can be mentioned. Alternatively, the second electrode is laminated from the organic layer side with the above-mentioned material layer and a so-called transparent electrode made of, for example, ITO or IZO (for example, a thickness of 3 × 10 ^-8 m to 1 × 10 ^-6 m). It can also be a structure. A bus electrode (auxiliary electrode) made of a low resistance material such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, silver, silver alloy, copper, copper alloy, gold, or gold alloy is provided for the second electrode to reduce the resistance of the second electrode as a whole. May be planned. The average light transmittance of the second electrode is preferably 50% to 90%, preferably 60% to 90%. On the other hand, when the second electrode functions as an anode electrode, it is desirable that the second electrode is made of a conductive material that transmits emitted light as needed and has a large work function value.

Examples of the method for forming the first electrode and the second electrode include an electron beam deposition method, a hot filament deposition method, a vapor deposition method including a vacuum vapor deposition method, a sputtering method, a chemical vapor deposition method (CVD method), a MOCVD method, and an ion. Combination of plating method and etching method; various printing methods such as screen printing method, inkjet printing method, metal mask printing method; plating method (electroplating method and electroless plating method); lift-off method; laser ablation method; sol gel The law etc. can be mentioned. According to various printing methods and plating methods, it is possible to directly form the first electrode and the second electrode having a desired shape (pattern). When the second electrode is formed after the organic layer is formed, it may be formed based on a film forming method such as a vacuum vapor deposition method in which the energy of the formed particles is small, or a film forming method such as a MOCVD method. , It is preferable from the viewpoint of preventing the occurrence of damage to the organic layer. When the organic layer is damaged, non-emission pixels (or non-emission sub-pixels) called "dead points" may be generated due to the generation of leakage current.

The organic layer includes a light emitting layer containing an organic light emitting material. Specifically, for example, the organic layer also serves as a laminated structure of a hole transport layer, a light emitting layer, and an electron transport layer, and also serves as a hole transport layer and an electron transport layer. It can be composed of a laminated structure with a light emitting layer, a laminated structure of a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a light emitting layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, and the like. As a method for forming the organic layer, a physical vapor deposition method (PVD method) such as a vacuum vapor deposition method; a printing method such as a screen printing method or an inkjet printing method; a lamination of a laser absorbing layer and an organic layer formed on a transfer substrate. A laser transfer method in which the organic layer on the laser absorbing layer is separated by irradiating the structure with a laser and the organic layer is transferred, and various coating methods can be exemplified. When the organic layer is formed based on the vacuum vapor deposition method, for example, an organic layer can be obtained by depositing a material that has passed through an opening provided in the metal mask using a so-called metal mask.

A light-shielding portion may be provided between the light-emitting element and the light-emitting element. Specifically, as the light-shielding material constituting the light-shielding portion, light such as titanium (Ti), chromium (Cr), tungsten (W), tantalum (Ta), aluminum (Al), and MoSi ₂ can be shielded. Materials can be mentioned. The light-shielding portion can be formed by an electron beam vapor deposition method, a hot filament vapor deposition method, a vapor deposition method including a vacuum vapor deposition method, a sputtering method, a CVD method, an ion plating method, or the like.

It is preferable that a protective layer is formed so as to cover the second electrode. Further, a light emission direction control member is formed on or above the protective layer, or a color filter layer is formed on or above the protective layer, and a light emission direction control member is formed on or above the color filter layer. In addition, the light emission direction control member may be formed on or above the protective layer, and the color filter layer may be formed on or above the light emission direction control member. Then, it is possible to form a form in which a flattening layer is further formed on these. As described above, a flattening layer that functions as a color filter layer may be provided.

As a material constituting the protective layer and the flattening layer, an acrylic resin can be exemplified, and SiO ₂ , SiN, SiON, SiC, amorphous silicon (α-Si), Al ₂ O ₃ , and TiO ₂ can be exemplified. You can also do it. The protective layer and the flattening layer may have a single-layer structure or may be composed of a plurality of layers. As a method for forming the protective layer and the flattening layer, it can be formed based on known methods such as various CVD methods, various coating methods, various PVD methods including a sputtering method and a vacuum deposition method, and various printing methods such as a screen printing method. .. Further, as a method for forming the protective layer and the flattening layer, an ALD (Atomic Layer Deposition) method can also be adopted. The protective layer and the flattening layer may be shared by a plurality of light emitting elements, or may be individually provided in each light emitting element.

In some cases, the flattening layer may form a first region, a third region, or a first region and a third region.

The flattening layer and the second substrate are joined via, for example, a resin layer (sealing resin layer). As a material constituting the resin layer (sealing resin layer), heat-curable adhesives such as acrylic adhesives, epoxy adhesives, urethane adhesives, silicone adhesives, and cyanoacrylate adhesives, and ultraviolet curable adhesives. Adhesives can be mentioned. The resin layer (sealing resin layer) may also serve as a flattening layer.

In some cases, as described above, the flattening layer may have a function as a color filter layer. Such a flattening layer may be made of a well-known color resist material. A transparent filter may be provided for the light emitting element that emits white color. By making the flattening layer also function as a color filter layer in this way, the organic layer and the flattening layer (color filter layer) are close to each other, so that even if the light emitted from the light emitting element is widened, color mixing can be prevented. It can be effectively measured and the viewing angle characteristics are improved. However, the color filter layer may be provided below or below the flattening layer and above or above the flattening layer independently of the flattening layer.

An ultraviolet absorbing layer, a contamination prevention layer, a hard coat layer, and an antistatic layer may be formed or protected on the outermost surface (specifically, for example, the outer surface of the second substrate) that emits light from the display panel. Members (eg, cover glass) may be arranged.

In the display panel, an insulating layer and an interlayer insulating layer are formed, and as insulating materials constituting these, SiO ₂ , NSG (non-doped silicate glass), BPSG (boron phosphorus silicate glass), PSG, etc. _{SiO X-} based materials (materials constituting silicon-based oxide films) such as BSG, AsSG, SbSG, PbSG, SOG (spin-on glass), LTO (Low Temperature Oxide, low temperature CVD-SiO ₂ ), low melting point glass, and glass paste; SiN-based materials including SiON-based materials; SiOC; SiOF; SiCN can be mentioned. Alternatively, titanium oxide (TiO ₂ ), tantalum oxide (Ta ₂ O ₅ ), aluminum oxide (Al ₂ O ₃ ), magnesium oxide (MgO), chromium oxide (CrO _x ), zirconium oxide (ZrO ₂ ), niobium oxide. Inorganic insulating materials such as (Nb ₂ O ₅ ), tin oxide (SnO ₂ ), and vanadium oxide (VO _{x) can be mentioned.} Alternatively, various resins such as polyimide resins, epoxy resins, and acrylic resins, and low dielectric constant insulating materials such as SiOCH, organic SOG, and fluororesins (for example, dielectric constant k (= ε / ε ₀ )) are used, for example. 5 or less materials, specifically, for example, fluorocarbon, cycloperfluorocarbon polymer, benzocyclobutene, cyclic fluororesin, polytetrafluoroethylene, amorphous tetrafluoroethylene, polyaryl ether, aryl fluoride ether, foot. Polyimide chemicals, amorphous carbon, parylene (polyparaxylylene), fullerene fluoride), Silk (a trademark of The Dow Chemical Co., a coating type low dielectric constant interlayer insulating film material), Flare ( It is a trademark of Honeywell Electronic Materials Co., and a polyallyl ether (PAE) -based material) can also be exemplified. Then, these can be used alone or in combination as appropriate. In some cases, the substrate may be composed of the materials described above. For the insulating layer, interlayer insulating layer, and substrate, various printing methods such as various CVD methods, various coating methods, various PVD methods including sputtering method and vacuum vapor deposition method, screen printing method, plating method, electrodeposition method, immersion method, sol- It can be formed based on a known method such as a gel method.

The organic EL display device preferably has a resonator structure in order to further improve the light extraction efficiency. Specifically, the interface between the first interface formed by the interface between the first electrode and the organic layer (or the interface between the light reflecting layer provided below the first electrode and the interlayer insulating layer located above the light reflecting layer). The light emitted from the light emitting layer is resonated between the first interface formed by the above and the second interface formed by the interface between the second electrode and the organic layer, and a part of the light emitted from the light emitting layer is resonated from the second electrode. Make it emit. Then, when the optical distance from the maximum light emitting position of the light emitting layer to the first interface is OL ₁ , the optical distance from the maximum light emitting position of the light emitting layer to the second interface is OL _2, and m ₁ and m ₂ are integers. The configuration can satisfy the following equations (1-1) and (1-2).

_{0.7 {-Φ 1 / (2π)} + m 1} ≦ 2 × OL 1 /λ≦1.2{-Φ 1 / (2π) + m 1} (1-1)
_{0.7 {-Φ 2 / (2π)} + m 2} ≦ 2 × OL 2 /λ≦1.2{-Φ 2 / (2π) + m 2} (1-2)
here,
λ: Maximum peak wavelength of the spectrum of light generated in the light emitting layer (or desired wavelength in the light generated in the light emitting layer)
Φ ₁ : Phase shift amount of light reflected at the first interface (unit: radians). However, -2π <Φ ₁ ≤ 0
Φ ₂ : Phase shift amount of light reflected at the second interface (unit: radians). However, -2π <Φ ₂ ≤ 0
Is.

Here, the value of m ₁ is larger than or equal to zero, the value of m ₂ is independently a value of m _1, is a value of 0 or more, (m _1, m ₂₎ = (0,0 ), (M ₁ , m ₂ ) = (0, 1), (m ₁ , m ₂ ) = (1, 0), (m ₁ , m ₂ ) = (1, The form of 1) can be exemplified.

The distance L ₁ from the maximum light emitting position of the light emitting layer to the first interface refers to the actual distance (physical distance) from the maximum light emitting position of the light emitting layer to the first interface, and is the second from the maximum light emitting position of the light emitting layer. The distance L ₂ to the interface refers to the actual distance (physical distance) from the maximum light emitting position of the light emitting layer to the second interface. The optical distance is also called an optical path length, and generally refers to n × L when a light ray passes through a medium having a refractive index n by a distance L. The same applies to the following. Therefore, when the average refractive index is n _ave ,
OL ₁ = L ₁ x n _ave
OL ₂ = L ₂ x n _ave
There is a relationship. Here, the average refractive index _nave is the sum of the products of the refractive index and the thickness of each layer constituting the organic layer (or the organic layer and the interlayer insulating layer), and the organic layer (or the organic layer and the interlayer insulating layer). ) Is divided by the thickness.

The desired wavelength λ (specifically, for example, the red wavelength, the green wavelength, and the blue wavelength) of the light generated in the light emitting layer is determined, and the equations (1-1) and (1-2) are determined. The light emitting element may be designed by obtaining various parameters such as _{OL 1} and OL ₂ in the light emitting element based on the above.

The first electrode or the light reflecting layer and the second electrode absorb a part of the incident light and reflect the rest. Therefore, a phase shift occurs in the reflected light. For the phase shift amounts Φ ₁ and Φ ₂ , the values of the real and imaginary parts of the complex refractive index of the material constituting the first electrode or the light reflecting layer and the second electrode are measured by using, for example, an ellipsometer, and these are measured. It can be calculated by performing calculations based on values (see, for example, "Principles of Optic", Max Born and Emil Wolf, 1974 (PERGAMON PRESS)). The refractive index of the organic layer, interlayer insulating layer, etc., or when the first electrode absorbs a part of the incident light and reflects the rest, the refractive index of the first electrode should also be measured using an ellipsometer. Can be found at.

As a material constituting the light reflecting layer, aluminum, aluminum alloy (for example, Al—Nd or Al—Cu), Al / Ti laminated structure, Al—Cu / Ti laminated structure, chromium (Cr), silver (Ag), silver. Examples thereof include alloys (for example, Ag-Cu, Ag-Pd-Cu, Ag-Sm-Cu). Then, for example, an electron beam vapor deposition method, a hot filament vapor deposition method, a vapor deposition method including a vacuum vapor deposition method, a sputtering method, a CVD method or an ion plating method; a plating method (electroplating method or electroless plating method); a lift-off method; a laser. Ablation method; It can be formed by a sol-gel method or the like. Depending on the material constituting the light-reflecting layer, it is preferable to form a base layer made of, for example, TiN in order to control the crystal state of the light-reflecting layer to be formed.

As described above, in an organic EL display device having a resonator structure, an organic layer that emits white light and a red color filter layer (or a flattening layer that functions as a red color filter layer) are actually combined. The red light emitting element composed of the above resonates the red light emitted in the light emitting layer, and emits reddish light (light having a peak in the optical spectrum in the red region) from the second electrode. Further, the green light emitting element formed by combining an organic layer that emits white light and a green color filter layer (or a flattening layer that functions as a green color filter layer) resonates the green light emitted by the light emitting layer. , Greenish light (light having a peak in the optical spectrum in the green region) is emitted from the second electrode. Furthermore, the blue light emitting element configured by combining an organic layer that emits white light and a blue color filter layer (or a flattening layer that functions as a blue color filter layer) resonates the blue light emitted by the light emitting layer. Then, bluish light (light having a peak in the optical spectrum in the blue region) is emitted from the second electrode. That is, the desired wavelength λ (specifically, the red wavelength, the green wavelength, and the blue wavelength) of the light generated in the light emitting layer is determined, and the equations (1-1) and (1-2) are determined. Based on the above, each light emitting element may be designed by obtaining various parameters such as _{OL 1} and OL ₂ in each of the red light emitting element, the green light emitting element, and the blue light emitting element. For example, paragraph number [0041] of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2012-216495 discloses an organic EL element having a resonator structure having an organic layer as a resonance portion, and appropriately adjusts the distance from the light emitting point to the reflecting surface. It is described that the thickness of the organic layer is preferably 80 nm or more and 500 nm or less, and more preferably 150 nm or more and 350 nm or less.

In an organic EL display device, it is desirable that the thickness of the hole transport layer (hole supply layer) and the thickness of the electron transport layer (electron supply layer) are approximately equal. Alternatively, the electron transport layer (electron supply layer) may be thicker than the hole transport layer (hole supply layer), which is necessary for high efficiency at a low drive voltage and sufficient for the light emitting layer. Electronic supply is possible. That is, the hole supply can be increased by arranging the hole transport layer between the first electrode corresponding to the anode electrode and the light emitting layer and forming the hole transport layer with a film thickness thinner than that of the electron transport layer. It will be possible. As a result, it is possible to obtain a carrier balance in which there is no excess or deficiency of holes and electrons and the amount of carrier supply is sufficiently large, so that high luminous efficiency can be obtained. Further, since there is no excess or deficiency of holes and electrons, the carrier balance is not easily lost, drive deterioration is suppressed, and the light emission life can be extended.

Example 1 relates to the display device of the present disclosure of the present disclosure. A schematic partial cross-sectional view of a light emitting element (provided that it is located within a reference point) constituting the display device of the first embodiment is shown in FIG. 1, and a schematic diagram of a light emitting element (provided that it is located away from the reference point) is shown in FIG. A partial cross-sectional view is shown in FIG. Further, FIG. 3A schematically shows the positional relationship between the light emitting element provided in the display panel of the display device of the first embodiment and the reference point, and the light emitting unit, the light emission direction control member, and the light emitting direction control member in the display device of the first embodiment are shown. The arrangement relationship of the third region is schematically shown in FIGS. 8A, 8B, and 9. 8A is a diagram schematically showing the arrangement relationship of the light emitting portion and the light emission direction control member in the part of the display device showing a schematic partial cross-sectional view in FIG. 1, and FIG. 8B is a diagram schematically showing the arrangement relationship of the light emitting portion and the light emitting direction control member. FIG. 9 is a diagram schematically showing the arrangement relationship of the light emitting portion and the light emission direction control member in the part of the display device showing a schematic partial cross-sectional view, and FIG. 9 is a diagram schematically showing the arrangement relationship of a plurality of light emitting parts and the like. It is a figure shown as a target. The display device of the first embodiment is specifically composed of an organic EL display device, and the light emitting element of the first embodiment is specifically composed of an organic EL element. Further, the display device of the first embodiment is a top emission type (top light emitting type) display device (top light emitting type display device) that emits light from the second substrate.

The display devices of the first embodiment or the second to fifth embodiments described later are
Light emitting unit 30 and
Light emission direction control member 50 through which the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 passes.
A display device having a display panel provided with a plurality of light emitting elements 10 including the above.
In each light emitting element 10,
The light emission direction control member 50 is composed of a first region 51 and a second region 52 surrounding the first region 51.
_{The refractive index value n 1} of the material constituting the first region 51 is different from _{the refractive index value n 2} of the material constituting the second region 52.

Further, the light emitting element 10 of Example 1 or Examples 2 to 5 described later is
Light emitting unit 30 and
Light emission direction control member 50 through which the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 passes.
Including
The light emission direction control member 50 is composed of a first region 51 and a second region 52 surrounding the first region 51.
_{The refractive index value n 1} of the material constituting the first region 51 is different from _{the refractive index value n 2} of the material constituting the second region 52.

Then, in the light emitting element 10, the light emission direction control member 50 has a flat plate shape, and the region (third region 53) located outside the outer edge portion 54 in contact with the outer edge portion 54 of the light emission direction control member 50 is It is occupied by a material having a refractive index value n ₃ _{smaller than the refractive index value n 2} of the material constituting the second region 52. Also, n ₁ <n ₂ is satisfied.

Further, the light emitting element 10 of the first embodiment is the light emitting element of the first configuration, and is emitted from the center of the light emitting unit 30 and passes through the light emitting direction control member 50 depending on the position of the light emitting element 10 on the display panel. The emission direction of the emitted light from the light emission direction control member 50 is different. In this case, when the distance between the normal LN passing through the center of the light emitting unit 30 and the normal LN'passing through the center of gravity of the first region 51 of the light emitting direction control member 50 is set to D ₀ , FIG. As shown, the value of the _{distance D 0} is not 0 in at least a part of the light emitting element 10 provided in the display panel.

Further, the light emitting element 10 of the first embodiment is a light emitting element having a second configuration, and as shown in FIG. 3A,
The reference point P is set,
At least a part of the light emitting element 10 provided on the display panel is emitted from the center of the light emitting unit 30 and emitted light depending on _{the distance D 1 from the reference point P to the normal LN passing through the center of the light emitting unit 30.} The emission direction of the light that has passed through the direction control member 50 from the light emission direction control member 50 is set. Here, the value of the distance D ₀ depends on the value of the distance D _1. Further, _{depending on the value of the distance D 1} , not only the position of the first region 51 (that is, _{the value of the distance D 0} ) but also the shape, _{the relationship between n 1} and n ₂ , the size, the height, and the number. At least one term of may be changed.

Whether the light that has passed through the light emission direction control member 50 is convergent light, divergent light, or parallel light is based on the specifications required for the display device. Then, the light emission direction control member 50 may be designed based on this specification. When the light that has passed through the light emission direction control member 50 is convergent light, the position of the space where the image emitted from the display device is formed may or may not be on the normal line of the reference point P. , Depends on the specifications required for the display device. In order to control the display dimensions, display position, and the like of the image emitted from the display device, an optical system through which the image emitted from the display device passes may be arranged. What kind of optical system is arranged also depends on the specifications required for the display device, but for example, an imaging lens system can be exemplified.

As the positional relationship between the light emitting element 10 and the reference point P is schematically shown in FIG. 3A, in the first embodiment, the reference point P is assumed in the display panel. However, the reference point P is not located in the central region of the display panel. In FIGS. 3A, 3B, 18A, and 18B, the central region of the display panel is indicated by a black triangle mark, the light emitting element 10 is indicated by a square mark, and the center of the light emitting unit 30 is indicated by a black square mark. Then, one reference point P is assumed, and the reference point P is indicated by a black circle. _{Since the reference point P may include some extent, the value of the distance D 0} is 0 at some of the light emitting elements 10 (specifically, one or more light emitting elements 10 included in the reference point P). _{, The value of the distance D 0} is not 0 in the remaining light emitting elements 10.

In the display device of the embodiment, the light emitted from each light emitting element 10 and passing through the light emission direction control member 50 converges (condenses) on a certain region of the space outside the display device. Alternatively, the light emitted from each light emitting element 10 and passing through the light emission direction control member 50 is diverged in the space outside the display device. Alternatively, the light emitted from each light emitting element 10 and passing through the light emission direction control member 50 is parallel light.

Further, in Example 1,
The reference point P is set,
The plurality of light emitting elements 10 are arranged in a first direction (specifically, the X direction) and a second direction (specifically, the Y direction) different from the first direction.
The distance between the normal LN passing through the center of the light emitting unit 30 and the normal LN'passing through the center of gravity of the first region 51 of the light emitting direction control member 50 is D ₀ , and the distance from the reference point P passes through the center of the light emitting unit 30. _{Let D 1} be the distance to the normal LN
Distance first direction (X direction) of the D ₀ and the second direction each value of (Y-direction) and _{_{D 0-X, D 0-}} Y, the first direction (X direction) of the distance D ₁ and When the values in the second direction (Y direction) are D _1-X and D _1-Y ,
D _0-X with respect to changes in the [A] D _1-X is changed linearly, D _0-Y with respect to the change in D _1-Y is may be designed to vary linearly,
D _0-X is changed linearly relative to changes in the _{[B] D 1-X,} D 0-Y with respect to the change in D _1-Y is may be designed to vary nonlinearly,
D _0-X to changes in [C] D _1-X is changed to a non-linear, D _0-Y with respect to the change in D _1-Y is may be designed to vary linearly,
[D] D _0-X with respect to the change in D _1-X is changed to a non-linear, D _0-Y with respect to the change in D _1-Y may be designed to vary nonlinearly.

4A, 4B, 4C, 4D, 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D, 6A, 6B, 6C, 6D, 7A, 7B, 7C and 7D, D. _{The change of D 0-X} with respect to the change of _{1-X and} _{the change of D 0-Y} with respect to the change of D _1-Y are schematically shown. In these figures, white arrows indicate linear changes and black arrows indicate non-linear changes. Further, when the arrow points to the outside of the display panel, it indicates that the light passing through the light emission direction control member 50 is divergent light, and when the arrow points to the inside of the display panel, it indicates that the light emission direction control member 50. It indicates that the light that has passed through 50 is convergent light or parallel light.

Further, in the light emitting element 10 of the first embodiment,
The reference point P is set,
The distance between the normal LN passing through the center of the light emitting unit 30 and the normal LN'passing through the center of gravity of the first region 51 of the light emitting direction control member 50 is D ₀ , and the distance passes from the reference point P to the center of the light emitting unit 30. when the distance to the normal line LN was D _1, as the value of the distance D ₁ is increased, the value of the distance D ₀ may be designed to increase. _{The changes in D 0-X} and D _0-Y that depend on the changes in D _1-X and D _1-Y may be determined based on the specifications required for the display device.

As shown in FIGS. 8A, 8B, and 9, the normal projection image of the light emission direction control member 50 is included in the normal projection image of the light emitting unit 30. The outer shape of the light emitting portion 30 and the light emitting direction control member 50 is a regular hexagon (honeycomb shape), and the outer edge portion of the third region 53 (the boundary with the adjacent third region 53) is a regular hexagon. It is not limited to the shape. Further, although the horizontal cross-sectional shape of the first region 51 is circular, the shape is not limited to such a shape. Here, the outer edge portion of the light emitting portion 30 is indicated by a alternate long and short dash line, the outer edge portion 54 of the light emission direction control member 50 is indicated by a solid line, the first region 51 is indicated by a solid line, and the outer edge portion of the third region 53 (adjacent third region 53). The boundary with the three regions 53) is shown by a dotted line. The same applies to FIGS. 10A, 10B, 10C, 11A, 11B, 11C, 12A and 12B. The shape of the entire light emission direction control member 50 is columnar (regular hexagonal columnar). Further, the number of the flat plate-shaped light emission direction control members 50 with respect to one light emitting unit 30 is essentially arbitrary and may be 1 or more, but is set to 1 in the first embodiment. Further, although the number of the first regions 51 provided in each light emission direction control member 50 is set to 1, it may be 2 or more.

The material constituting the first region 51, the material constituting the second region 52, and the material constituting the third region 53 are made of, for example, an acrylic resin. That is, the material forming the first region 51, the material forming the second region 52, and the material forming the third region 53 are made of the same material (however, the refractive index is different). The top surface of the flat plate-shaped light emission direction control member 50 may be flat as shown, may have an upward convex shape, or may have a concave shape. .. The values of n ₁ , n ₂ and n ₃ are as follows.
n ₁ = n ₃ = 1.38
n ₂ = 1.50

The outer edge portion 54 of the flat plate-shaped light emission direction control member 50 is vertical or substantially vertical. Specifically, 80 degrees to 100 degrees can be exemplified as the inclination angle of the outer edge portion 54 of the flat plate-shaped light emission direction control member 50.

As described above, in the display device of Example 1 or Examples 2 to 5 described later, the light emitting unit 30 includes an organic electroluminescence layer (organic EL layer). That is, the display devices of Examples 1 to 5 are composed of an organic electroluminescence display device (organic EL display device), and the light emitting element 10 is composed of an organic electroluminescence element (organic EL element).

Specifically, the display devices of Example 1 or Examples 2 to 5 described later are
The first substrate 11, the second substrate 41, and
A plurality of light emitting elements 10 (10R, 10G, 10B) located between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 41 and arranged in a two-dimensional manner.
Is equipped with
The light emitting element 10 (10R, 10G, 10B) includes a light emitting unit 30 and includes a light emitting unit 30.
The light emitting unit 30 provided on the substrate 26 formed on the first substrate 11 is
1st electrode 31,
Second electrode 32 and
An organic layer (having a light emitting layer including an organic electroluminescence layer) 33 sandwiched between the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32,
At least have
In the first embodiment, the light from the organic layer 33 is emitted to the outside via the second substrate 41.

Then, on the light incident side or light emission side of the light emission direction control member 50 (in the display device of Example 1, the light incident side of the light emitting direction control member 50), the color filter layer CF _R, CF _G and CF _B (hereinafter, may be collectively referred to as color filter layer CF) are provided. Specifically, a protective layer 34 made of an acrylic resin is formed on the second electrode 32 so as to cover the second electrode 32. On the top surface or above the protective layer 34 (specifically, on the protective layer 34 in Example 1), a color filter layer CF made of a well-known material is formed by a well-known method. A light emission direction control member 50 is provided on the color filter layer CF. A flattening layer 35 is formed on the color filter layer CF and the light emission direction control member 50. The normal projection image of the light emission direction control member 50 is included in the normal projection image of the color filter layer CF.

The color filter layer _{_{CF (CF R, CF G,}} CF B) and the planarizing layer 35 formed on the light emitting direction control member 50 is bonded to the second substrate 41 through the sealing resin layer 36 .. Thermosetting adhesives such as acrylic adhesives, epoxy adhesives, urethane adhesives, silicone adhesives, and cyanoacrylate adhesives, and ultraviolet curable adhesives are used as materials constituting the sealing resin layer 36. Can be mentioned. The color filter layer CF is an OCCF (on-chip color filter layer) formed on the first substrate side. As a result, the distance between the organic layer 33 and the color filter layer CF can be shortened, and the light emitted from the organic layer 33 is incident on the adjacent color filter layer CF of another color to cause color mixing. It is possible to design a wide range of lenses for the light emission direction control member 50.

In the light emitting element 10 of Examples 1 to 5 composed of an organic EL element, the organic layer 33 has a laminated structure of a red light emitting layer, a green light emitting layer, and a blue light emitting layer. One pixel is composed of three light emitting elements, a red light emitting element 10R, a green light emitting element 10G, and a blue light emitting element 10B. The organic layer 33 constituting the light emitting element 10 emits white light, the light-emitting

elements

10R, 10G, 10B, the organic layer 33 and the color filter layer for emitting white light CF _R, CF _G, a combination of a CF _B It is configured. The red light emitting element 10R should display red is provided with a red color filter layer CF _R, the green light emitting element 10G to be displayed green is provided with a green color filter layer CF _G, to display blue The power blue light emitting element 10B is provided with a _{blue color filter layer CF B.} The red light emitting element 10R, the green light emitting element 10G, and the blue light emitting element 10B have substantially the same configuration and structure except for the parameters of the light emission direction control member 50, the color filter layer, and the position of the light emitting layer. The number of pixels is, for example, 1920 × 1080, one light emitting element (display element) constitutes one sub-pixel, and the light emitting element (specifically, an organic EL element) is three times the number of pixels. In the display device of the first embodiment, as the arrangement of the sub-pixels, the delta arrangement shown in FIG. 29A can be mentioned. However, the stripe arrangement as shown in FIGS. 29B, 29C, and 29D may be used. In some cases, one pixel may be composed of a red light emitting element 10R, a green light emitting element 10G, a blue light emitting element 10B, and a light emitting element that emits white light (or a light emitting element that emits complementary color light).

FIGS. 30A and 30B, as well as in FIGS. 30C and FIG. 30D, shows the

first electrode

31R, 31G, 31B and the color filter layer CF _R, CF _G, the arrangement of CF _B schematically. Incidentally, in FIG. 30B and FIG. 30D shows the color filter layer CF _R, CF _G, a CF _B by dotted lines. In particular, shake the eye such as an electronic viewfinder (i.e., viewing angle coloring anxious) In applications, the red light emitting device 10R, green light emitting element 10G, the color filters of blue light emitting element 10B layer CF _R, CF _G, By adjusting the size of the CF _{B and} the sizes of the

first electrodes

31R, 31G, 31B, specifically, as shown in FIGS. 30A and 30B,
(Width of the first electrode of the red light emitting element) = (Width of the first electrode of the green light emitting element)> (Width of the first electrode of the blue light emitting element)
By doing so, the color intensities of the red light emitting element, the green light emitting element, and the blue light emitting element, which are composed of the light emitting element including the organic layer 33 that emits white light, with the viewing angles as parameters become the same, and the viewing angle becomes equal. It is possible to avoid the occurrence of coloring (viewing angle coloring) caused by the occurrence. Further, as shown in FIGS. 30C and 30D, when the two blue light emitting elements are arranged diagonally and the red light emitting element and the green light emitting element are arranged diagonally, the first electrode 31R constituting the red light emitting element is used. It is preferable to cut out the facing portion of the first electrode 31G constituting the green light emitting element, and further, in order to maintain the viewing angle symmetry of the azimuth angle, the facing portion of the first electrode 31R of the red light emitting element is opposed to the cutout portion. It is more preferable to cut out the portion of the first electrode 31R to be formed and cut out the portion of the first electrode 31G facing the notched portion of the first electrode 31G of the green light emitting element.

A light emitting element driving unit is provided below the substrate (interlayer insulating layer) 26 made of _{SiO 2} formed by the CVD method. The light emitting element drive unit may have a well-known circuit configuration. The light emitting element driving unit is composed of a transistor (specifically, a MOSFET) formed on a silicon semiconductor substrate corresponding to the first substrate 11. The transistor 20 composed of the MOSFET includes a gate insulating layer 22 formed on the first substrate 11, a gate electrode 21 formed on the gate insulating layer 22, and a source / drain region 24 formed on the first substrate 11. It is composed of a channel forming region 23 formed between the source / drain region 24, and an element separation region 25 surrounding the channel forming region 23 and the source / drain region 24. The transistor 20 and the first electrode 31 are electrically connected to each other via a contact plug 27 provided on the substrate 26. In the drawings, one transistor 20 is shown for each light emitting element drive unit.

The second electrode 32 is connected to the light emitting element driving unit via a contact hole (contact plug) (not shown) formed in the substrate (interlayer insulating layer) 26 on the outer peripheral portion of the display panel. An auxiliary electrode connected to the second electrode 32 may be provided below the second electrode 32 on the outer peripheral portion of the display panel, and the auxiliary electrode may be connected to the light emitting element driving unit.

The first electrode 31 functions as an anode electrode, and the second electrode 32 functions as a cathode electrode. The first electrode 31 is composed of a light reflecting material layer, specifically, for example, an Al—Nd alloy layer, an Al—Cu alloy layer, an Al—Ti alloy layer and an ITO layer, and the second electrode 32 is composed of a laminated structure. It is made of a transparent conductive material such as ITO. The first electrode 31 is formed on the substrate (interlayer insulating layer) 26 based on the combination of the vacuum vapor deposition method and the etching method. Further, the second electrode 32 is formed by a film forming method such as a vacuum vapor deposition method in which the energy of the formed particles is small, and is not patterned. The organic layer 33 is also not patterned. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the organic layer 33 may be patterned. That is, the organic layer 33 is painted separately for each sub-pixel, the organic layer 33 of the red light emitting element is composed of an organic layer that emits red light, the organic layer 33 of the green light emitting element is composed of an organic layer that emits green light, and is blue. The organic layer 33 of the light emitting element may be composed of an organic layer that emits blue light.

In Example 1, the organic layer 33 includes a hole injection layer (HIL: Hole Injection Layer), a hole transport layer (HTL: Hole Transport Layer), a light emitting layer, an electron transport layer (ETL: Electron Transport Layer), and It has a laminated structure of electron injection layers (EIL). The light emitting layer is composed of at least two light emitting layers that emit light of different colors, and as described above, the light emitted from the organic layer 33 is white. Specifically, as described above, the organic layer has a structure in which three layers of a red light emitting layer that emits red light, a green light emitting layer that emits green light, and a blue light emitting layer that emits blue light are laminated. The organic layer may have a structure in which two layers, a blue light emitting layer that emits blue light and a yellow light emitting layer that emits yellow light, are laminated, or a blue light emitting layer that emits blue light and an orange light emitting layer. The structure may be such that two layers of orange light emitting layers are laminated.

The hole injection layer is a layer that enhances the hole injection efficiency and also functions as a buffer layer that prevents leaks, and has a thickness of, for example, about 2 nm to 10 nm. The hole injection layer is composed of, for example, a hexaazatriphenylene derivative represented by the following formula (A) or formula (B). When the end face of the hole injection layer is in contact with the second electrode, it becomes a main cause of brightness variation between pixels and leads to deterioration of display image quality.

Here, R ¹ to R ⁶ are independently hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy group, amino group, allulamino group, substituted or unsubstituted carbonyl group having 20 or less carbon atoms, and substituted or non-substituted group having 20 or less carbon atoms, respectively. Substituent carbonyl ester group, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 20 or less carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group having 20 or less carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group having 20 or less carbon atoms, 30 or less carbon atoms A substituent selected from a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group having 30 or less carbon atoms, a nitrile group, a cyano group, a nitro group, or a silyl group, and adjacent R ^m (m = m = 1 to 6) may be bonded to each other via a cyclic structure. Further, X ¹ to X ⁶ are independently carbon or nitrogen atoms, respectively.

The hole transport layer is a layer that enhances the hole transport efficiency to the light emitting layer. In the light emitting layer, when an electric field is applied, recombination of electrons and holes occurs to generate light. The electron transport layer is a layer that enhances the electron transport efficiency to the light emitting layer, and the electron injection layer is a layer that enhances the electron injection efficiency into the light emitting layer.

The hole transport layer is composed of, for example, 4,4', 4 "-tris (3-methylphenylphenylamino) triphenylamine (m-MTDATA) or α-naphthylphenyldiamine (αNPD) having a thickness of about 40 nm. ..

The light emitting layer is a light emitting layer that produces white light by mixing colors. For example, as described above, a red light emitting layer, a green light emitting layer, and a blue light emitting layer are laminated.

In the red light emitting layer, when an electric field is applied, a part of the holes injected from the first electrode 31 and a part of the electrons injected from the second electrode 32 are recombinated to generate red light. do. Such a red light emitting layer contains, for example, at least one of a red light emitting material, a hole transporting material, an electron transporting material, and an amphoteric charge transporting material. The red light emitting material may be a fluorescent material or a phosphorescent material. The red light emitting layer having a thickness of about 5 nm is, for example, 4,4-bis (2,2-diphenylvinyl) biphenyl (DPVBi) and 2,6-bis [(4'-methoxydiphenylamino) styryl] -1. , 5-Dicyanonaphthalene (BSN) mixed in an amount of 30% by mass.

In the green light emitting layer, when an electric field is applied, a part of the holes injected from the first electrode 31 and a part of the electrons injected from the second electrode 32 are recombinated to generate green light. do. Such a green light emitting layer contains, for example, at least one of a green light emitting material, a hole transporting material, an electron transporting material, and an amphoteric charge transporting material. The green light emitting material may be a fluorescent material or a phosphorescent material. The green light emitting layer having a thickness of about 10 nm is composed of, for example, DPVBi mixed with 5% by mass of coumarin 6.

In the blue light emitting layer, when an electric field is applied, a part of the holes injected from the first electrode 31 and a part of the electrons injected from the second electrode 32 are recombinated to generate blue light. do. Such a blue light emitting layer contains, for example, at least one of a blue light emitting material, a hole transporting material, an electron transporting material, and an amphoteric charge transporting material. The blue light emitting material may be a fluorescent material or a phosphorescent material. The blue light emitting layer having a thickness of about 30 nm contains, for example, 2.5% by mass of 4,4'-bis [2- {4- (N, N-diphenylamino) phenyl} vinyl] biphenyl (DPAVBi) in DPVBi. Consists of a mixture.

The electron transport layer having a thickness of about 20 nm is made of, for example, 8-hydroxyquinoline aluminum (Alq3). Electron injection layer having a thickness of about 0.3nm, for example, made of LiF or Li ₂ O or the like.

However, the materials that make up each layer are examples, and are not limited to these materials. Further, for example, the light emitting layer may be composed of a blue light emitting layer and a yellow light emitting layer, or may be composed of a blue light emitting layer and an orange light emitting layer.

The light emitting element 10 has a resonator structure in which the organic layer 33 is a resonance portion. In order to appropriately adjust the distance from the light emitting surface to the reflecting surface (specifically, the distance from the light emitting surface to the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32), the thickness of the organic layer 33 is 8 × 10 ^{−. It is preferably 8} m or more and 5 × 10 ^-7 m or less, and ^{more preferably 1.5 × 10 -7} m or more and 3.5 × 10 ^-7 m or less. In an organic EL display device having a resonator structure, the red light emitting element 10R actually resonates the red light emitted in the light emitting layer to cause reddish light (the peak of the optical spectrum in the red region). Light) is emitted from the second electrode 32. Further, the green light emitting element 10G resonates the green light emitted in the light emitting layer, and emits greenish light (light having a peak in the optical spectrum in the green region) from the second electrode 32. Further, the blue light emitting element 10B resonates the blue light emitted in the light emitting layer, and emits bluish light (light having a peak in the optical spectrum in the blue region) from the second electrode 32.

Hereinafter, the outline of the manufacturing method of the light emitting element 10 of the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 will be described.

[Step-100]
First, a light emitting element driving unit is formed on a silicon semiconductor substrate (first substrate 11) based on a known MOSFET manufacturing process.

[Process-110]
Next, a substrate (interlayer insulating layer) 26 is formed on the entire surface based on the CVD method.

[Step-120]
Then, a connection hole is formed in a portion of the substrate 26 located above one source / drain region 24 of the transistor 20 based on a photolithography technique and an etching technique, and a metal layer is formed on the substrate 26 including the connection hole. For example, the first electrode 31 can be formed on a part of the substrate 26 by forming the metal layer based on the sputtering method and then patterning the metal layer based on the photolithography technique and the etching technique. The first electrode 31 is separated for each light emitting element. At the same time, a contact hole (contact plug) 27 for electrically connecting the first electrode 31 and the transistor 20 can be formed in the connection hole.

[Process-130]
Next, for example, after forming the insulating layer 28 on the entire surface based on the CVD method, the insulating layer 28 is placed on the substrate 26 between the first electrode 31 and the first electrode 31 based on the photolithography technique and the etching technique. Leave.

[Process-140]
Then, the organic layer 33 is formed on the first electrode 31 and the insulating layer 28 by, for example, a PVD method such as a vacuum deposition method or a sputtering method, a coating method such as a spin coating method or a die coating method, or the like. In some cases, the organic layer 33 may be patterned into a desired shape.

[Process-150]
Next, the second electrode 32 is formed on the entire surface based on, for example, a vacuum vapor deposition method. In some cases, the second electrode 32 may be patterned into a desired shape. In this way, the organic layer 33 and the second electrode 32 can be formed on the first electrode 31.

[Process-160]
Then, based on the coating method, the protective layer 34 is formed on the entire surface, and then the top surface of the protective layer 34 is flattened. Since the protective layer 34 can be formed based on the coating method, there are few restrictions on the processing process, the material selection range is wide, and a high refractive index material can be used. Thereafter, in a known manner, the color filter layer _{_{CF (CF R, CF G,}} CF B) was formed on the protective layer 34, further, to form a light emitting direction control member 50 on the color filter layer CF. Specifically, a light emission direction control member forming layer for forming the light emission direction control member 50 is formed on the color filter layer CF, and a resist material layer is formed on the light emission direction control member forming layer. Then, by patterning the resist material layer, it is possible to obtain a light emission direction control member 50 composed of a space (hole) in which the first region 51 is to be formed and a second region 52.

[Process-170]
Then, the flattening layer 35 is formed on the color filter layer CF and the light emission direction control member 50. A part of the flattening layer 35 (extending portion of the flattening layer 35) invades the vacant space where the first region 51 should be formed, and the first region 51 is formed. Further, a third region 53 surrounding the second region 52 is formed by a part of the flattening layer 35 (extending portion of the flattening layer 35). After that, the flattening layer 35 and the second substrate 41 are bonded together by a sealing resin layer 36 made of an acrylic adhesive. In this way, the display device of the light emitting element (organic EL element) 10 and the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 can be obtained. In this way, by providing the so-called OCCF type in which the color filter layer CF is provided on the first substrate side instead of providing the color filter layer CF on the second substrate side, between the organic layer 33 and the color filter layer CF. The distance between the two can be shortened, and there is little possibility that a problem will occur in the alignment with the organic layer 33.

In the light emitting element or display device of the first embodiment, since the light emission direction control member is composed of the first region and the second region made of materials having different refractive indexes, the light is emitted from the light emission direction control member. The direction of the light can be controlled reliably and accurately. Specifically, by optimizing the position and shape of the first region, _{the relationship between n 1} and n ₂ , the size, and the number, the direction of the light emitted from the light emission direction control member can be controlled, that is, , The light distribution control of the light emitting element can be performed reliably and accurately. Moreover, since the second region (refractive index: n ₂ ) is surrounded by the third region (refractive index: n ₃ <n ₂ ), the flat plate-shaped light emission direction control member has a function as a kind of lens. Moreover, the light-collecting effect in the vicinity of the outer edge of the flat plate-shaped light emission direction control member can be effectively enhanced. Further, since the light emission direction control member has a flat plate shape, it is easy to form, and the manufacturing process can be simplified. The vicinity of the outer edge portion of the flat plate-shaped light emission direction control member 50 is shown by reference numeral 54A in FIG.

Further, in the display device of the first embodiment, the distance between the normal LN passing through the center of the light emitting portion and the normal LN'passing through the center of gravity of the first region of the light emitting direction control member is set to D ₀ . _{When, since the value of the distance D 0} is not 0 in at least a part of the light emitting elements constituting the display device, the light is emitted from the light emitting layer and passed through the light emitting direction control member depending on the position of the light emitting element on the display panel. The direction of light travel can be controlled reliably and accurately. That is, it is possible to reliably and accurately control to which region of the external space the image from the display device is emitted in what state. Further, by providing the light emission direction control member, it is possible not only to increase the brightness (luminance) of the image emitted from the display device and prevent color mixing between adjacent pixels, but also to meet the required viewing angle. The light can be appropriately dissipated, and the life of the light emitting element and the display device can be extended and the brightness can be increased. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the size, weight, and quality of the display device. In addition, the applications for eyewear, AR (Augmented Reality) glasses, and EVR will be greatly expanded.

In Example 1, assuming a light emitting element 10 having the following parameters, the behavior of light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 and passing through the light emitting direction control member 50, specifically, the brightness in the front direction was simulated. That is, in the light emitting element of Example 1, the relationship between the light beam angle θ (unit: degree) and the light amount (luminance) when the _{distance D 0 was changed was simulated.} The result is shown in the graph of FIG. Here, in the simulation, a wave analysis simulation was performed based on the FDTD method (Finite-difference Time-Domain method). Further, the refractive index of each layer was set as shown in Table 1 below, and the parameters of the light emission direction control member 50 and the like were set as shown in Table 2 below.

<Table 1>
Second substrate 41: Refractive index 1.50
Flattening layer 35: Refractive index 1.38
First region 51: Refractive index 1.38
Second region 52: Refractive index 1.50
Third region 53: Refractive index 1.38
Protective layer 34: Upper layer with a refractive index of 1.50 Lower layer with a refractive index of 1.80 Second electrode 32: Refractive index (real part) 0.96
Organic layer 33: Refractive index 1.80

<Table 2>
Planar shape of the outer edge of the second region 52: Circular with a diameter of 5.8 μm Horizontal cross-sectional shape of the first region 51: Circular light emission direction control member 50 with a diameter of 0.3 μm Height: 2.0 μm
Maximum distance from the light emitting unit 30 to the bottom surface of the light emitting direction control member 50: 5.5 μm
Planar shape of light emitting part 30: Circular with a diameter of 2.6 μm

In FIG. 17, “A” _{indicates the simulation result at the distance D 0} = 0.0 μm, “B” indicates the simulation result at the distance D ₀ = 0.3 μm, and “C” indicates the simulation result at the distance D ₀ = 0. The simulation result at 6 μm is shown. Here, the light ray angle refers to an angle formed by a light ray emitted from the light emitting direction control member 50 and a vertical line (normal line) with respect to the light emitting surface of the display panel. The main light ray angle is a light ray angle when the light beam emitted from the light emission direction control member 50 has the maximum light amount (maximum brightness).

<Table 3>
Distance D ₀ Principal ray angle Relative value of maximum light intensity (luminance) A 0.0 μm 0 degree 1.00
B 0.3 μm 2 degrees 0.93
C 0.6 μm 4 degrees 0.84

From FIG. 17, _{it can be seen that the main ray angle can be controlled by changing the distance D 0,} and that the flat plate-shaped light emission direction control member 50 has a condensing effect. In terms of geometrical optics, when a light ray collides with the vertical outer edge portion 54 of the second region 52, the incident angle and the reflection angle become equal, so that the light extraction efficiency in the front direction is not improved. However, considering wave optics and wave analysis (FDTD), the light extraction efficiency in the vicinity of the outer edge portion of the light emission direction control member 50 is improved, and the light extraction efficiency in the front direction is improved. When the relative value of the maximum light amount (maximum brightness) changes depending on the main ray angle, the relative value of the maximum light amount (maximum brightness) is made constant (uniform) by controlling the light emission amount in the light emitting portion. ) Can be planned.

The horizontal cross-sectional shape of the first region 51 is essentially arbitrary and is not limited to the circles shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B: quadrangles (see FIG. 10A), triangles (see FIG. 10B), hexagons and eights. Polygons including quadrangles (including regular polygons), ellipses (see Fig. 10C), oval shapes (see Fig. 11A), and shapes corresponding to the carryt symbol (shape of "he") (see Fig. 11B). ), Fan-shaped (see FIG. 11C) and Rambolt ring (see FIG. 12A). When the display panel is placed vertically, the long axis of the ellipse or oval is parallel to the vertical direction of the display panel, and the short axis of the ellipse or oval is parallel to the horizontal direction of the display panel. By arranging the direction control member 50, it is possible to improve the viewing angle characteristic of the display panel in the horizontal direction. Further, by making it circular, elliptical, or oval, it is possible to improve the filling property of the material having _{the refractive index n 1 in the first region 51.}

As a modification of the display device and the light emitting element of the first embodiment (light emitting element of the third configuration),
The reference point P is set,
In at least a part of the light emitting element 10 provided on the display panel, the value of (n _2- n ₁ _{) is set depending on the distance D 1} from the reference point P to the normal LN passing through the center of the light emitting unit 30. The configuration to be made can be mentioned.

Alternatively, as a modified example of the display device and the light emitting element of the first embodiment (light emitting element of the fourth configuration),
The reference point P is set,
In at least a part of the light emitting element 10 provided on the display panel, the horizontal cross-sectional shape of the first region 51 is set depending on _{the distance D 1} from the reference point P to the normal LN passing through the center of the light emitting unit 30. The configuration to be made can be mentioned. In such a light emitting device having the fourth configuration, the horizontal cross-sectional shape of the first region 51 is essentially arbitrary.

Alternatively, as a modification of the display device and the light emitting element of the first embodiment, a form in which the number of the first regions 51 is 2 or more can be mentioned. FIG. 12B shows an example in which the number of the first region 51 is 2.

Alternatively, as a modification of the display device and the light emitting element of the first embodiment, the horizontal cross-sectional shape of the first region 51 is such that the light emitting direction control member 50 is formed in at least a part of the light emitting element 10 provided on the display panel. It is also possible to mention a form that is constant or changes along the thickness direction. In this case, in at least a part of the light emitting element provided in the display panel, the horizontal cross-sectional shape of the first region 51 increases from the light incident surface to the light emitting surface of the light emitting direction control member 50 ( (See a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the light emission direction control member 50 or the like in FIG. 13A) or a smaller form (see a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the light emission direction control member 50 or the like in FIG. 13B). can do. Alternatively, (as shown in a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the light emission direction control member 50 and the like in FIG. 13C, at least a part of the light emitting element provided in the display panel, the first light emission direction control member 50 The normal line LN'(indicated by the dotted line) passing through the center of gravity of the region 51 and the axis AX (indicated by the alternate long and short dash line) of the first region 51 passing through the center of gravity of the first region 51 (indicated by the black circle) of the light emission direction control member 50 ) Can be in the form of intersecting at an angle exceeding 0 degrees. That is, the first region 51 extends diagonally with respect to the normal LN passing through the center of the light emitting portion 30 when viewed as a whole. It can be in the form of

Alternatively, as a modification of the display device and the light emitting element of the first embodiment, when the depth of the first region 51 is H ₁ and the thickness of the light emission direction control member 50 is H ₀ ,
0.5 ≤ H ₁ / H ₀ ≤ 1.0
Can be mentioned as a form that satisfies. In this case, the upper part of the first region 51 is occupied by the material constituting the second region 52 (see a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the light emission direction control member 50 in FIG. 14A), or the first The lower part of the 1 region 51 can be in a form occupied by the material constituting the second region 52 (see a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the light emission direction control member 50 in FIG. 14B). Then, the above-mentioned _{value of H 1} / H ₀ can be in a form depending on the value of the distance D _1.

Alternatively, as a modification of the display device and the light emitting element of the first embodiment, the horizontal cross-sectional shape of the first region 51 becomes larger toward the substantially central portion in the thickness direction of the first region 51 as shown in FIG. 14C. (A drum-shaped shape when the first region 51 is viewed as a whole), or as shown in FIG. 15A, a shape that becomes smaller toward the substantially central portion in the thickness direction of the first region 51. (When the first region 51 is viewed as a whole, it has a drum-shaped shape). Alternatively, the portion of the ridge where the side surface (outer edge portion 54) of the second region 52 and the top surface intersect may be rounded or may be cut out (see FIG. 15B). Alternatively, the portion of the top surface of the second region 52 that intersects the top surface of the first region 51 may be rounded or notched (see FIG. 15C).

In the display device of the first embodiment, a plurality of reference points P may be assumed in the display panel. The positional relationship between the light emitting element 10 and the reference points P ₁ and P ₂ is schematically shown in FIG. 3B, but in the illustrated example, two reference points P ₁ and P ₂ are assumed. Specifically, as a symmetrical point the center of the display panel of the display device, the two reference points P _1, P ₂ are arranged in two-rotation symmetric. Here, at least one reference point P is not included in the central region of the display panel. In the illustrated example, the two reference points P _1, P ₂ is not included in the central region of the display panel. (Specifically, one or more light emitting elements included in the reference point P) portion of the light emitting element value of the distance D ₀ in is 0, the value of the distance D ₀ in the remaining light-emitting element not zero. With respect to the distance D ₁ of the from the reference point to the normal line LN passing through the center of the light emitting portion 30, the distance between the reference point closer to the normal LN passing through the center of a certain light emitting unit 30 and the distance D _1. In some cases, in the light emitting element 10 included in the reference point P, the light emission direction control member 50 may be composed of only the second region 52.

Further, in the display device of the first embodiment, in each of the first light emitting element (red light emitting element 10R), the second light emitting element (green light emitting element 10G), and the third light emitting element (blue light emitting element 10B), the first region 51 And it is preferable that the second region 52 is optimized. Specifically, for example, in each of the first light emitting element, the second light emitting element, and the third light emitting element, the position and shape of the first region, _{the relationship between n 1} and n ₂ , the size, the height, and the optimum number are optimized. By achieving this, control of the direction of light emitted from each of the first light emitting element, the second light emitting element, and the third light emitting element through the light emission direction control member 50 (light distribution control) can be ensured. And, it can be done accurately. FIG. 16 shows the first region of each of the first light emitting element (red light emitting element 10R), the second light emitting element (green light emitting element 10G), and the third light emitting element (blue light emitting element 10B) in the display device of the first embodiment. A schematic view of the light emission direction control member 50 viewed from above showing an example in which the 51 and the second region 52 are optimized is shown. The horizontal cross-sectional shape of the first region of the first light emitting element (red light emitting element 10R) is circular, and the horizontal cross-sectional shape of the first region of the second light emitting element (green light emitting element 10G) is an equilateral triangle. The horizontal cross-sectional shape of the first region of the three light emitting elements (blue light emitting element 10B) is square, but the present invention is not limited to these.

The second embodiment is a modification of the first embodiment. In the display device of the second embodiment, the reference point P is assumed to be outside the display panel. The positional relationship between the light emitting element 10 and the reference points P, P ₁ , and P ₂ is schematically shown in FIGS. 18A and 18B, but one reference point P can be assumed (FIG. 18A). see), or alternatively, may be a structure in which a plurality of reference points P (showing two reference points P _1, P ₂ in FIG. 18B) is assumed. As a symmetrical point the center of the display panel, the two reference points P _1, P ₂ are arranged in two-rotation symmetric. The value of the distance D ₀ is not 0 in all light emitting elements. With respect to the distance D ₁ of the from the reference point to the normal line LN passing through the center of the light emitting portion 30, the distance between the reference point closer to the normal LN passing through the center of a certain light emitting unit 30 and the distance D _1. Then, in these cases, the light emitted from each light emitting element 10 and passing through the light emission direction control member 50 converges (condenses) on a certain region of the space outside the display device. Alternatively, the light emitted from each light emitting element 10 and passing through the light emission direction control member 50 is diverged in the space outside the display device.

Except for the above points, the configuration and structure of the display device of the second embodiment can be the same as the configuration and structure of the display device described in the first embodiment, and thus detailed description thereof will be omitted.

Example 3 is a modification of Examples 1 and 2. In the display devices of Examples 1 to 2, a color filter layer is provided on the light incident side of the light emission direction control member 50. On the other hand, in Example 3, the light emitting side of the light emitting direction control member 50, the color filter layer CF _R, CF _G, is CF _B are provided. Specifically, FIG. 19 shows a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the light emitting element (provided that it is located within the reference point) constituting the display device of the third embodiment, and the light emitting element (however, away from the reference point) As shown in FIG. 20 for a schematic partial cross-sectional view of (located), a protective layer 34 made of an acrylic resin is formed on the second electrode 32. A light emission direction control member 50 is provided on the top surface or above the protective layer 34 (specifically, on the protection layer 34), and is flat on the light emission direction control member 50. layer 35 is provided with a color filter layer CF _R, CF _G, it is CF _B is provided between the sealing resin layer 36 made of an acrylic adhesive and the second substrate 41. The color filter layer CF _R, CF _G, are bonded by the sealing resin layer 36 and the CF _B and the second substrate 41.

Except for the above points, the configuration and structure of the display device of the third embodiment can be the same as the configuration and structure of the display device described in the first or second embodiment, and thus detailed description thereof will be omitted.

Example 4 is also a modification of Examples 1 and 2. FIG. 21 shows a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the light emitting element (provided that it is located within the reference point) constituting the display device of the fourth embodiment, and is a schematic of the light emitting element (however, it is located away from the reference point). as shown specific part sectional view in FIG. 22, in example 4, the color filter layer CF _R, CF _G, is CF _B are omitted. That is, a light emission direction control member 50 is provided on the top surface or above the protective layer 34 (specifically, on the protection layer 34), and is flat on the light emission direction control member 50. A chemical layer 35 is provided, and the flattening layer 35 and the second substrate 41 are bonded to each other by a sealing resin layer 36 made of an acrylic adhesive. The light emitting element is composed of a red light emitting element 10R in which the organic layer produces red, a green light emitting element 10G in which the organic layer produces green, and a blue light emitting element 10B in which the organic layer produces blue. One pixel is configured by combining light emitting elements (sub-pixels). In this case, a color filter layer may be provided to improve the color purity.

Except for the above points, the configuration and structure of the display device of the fourth embodiment can be the same as the configuration and structure of the display device described in the first or second embodiment, and thus detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In Example 5, the display devices described in Examples 1 to 4 were applied to a head-mounted display (HMD). A conceptual diagram of an image display device constituting the head-mounted display of the fifth embodiment is shown in FIG. 31, and a schematic view of the head-mounted display of the fifth embodiment viewed from above is shown in FIG. 32 and viewed from the front. A schematic view is shown in FIG. 33, and a schematic view viewed from the side is shown in FIG. 34A. Further, FIG. 34B shows a schematic cross-sectional view showing a part of the reflective volume hologram diffraction grating in the display device of Example 5 in an enlarged manner.

The image display device 100 of the fifth embodiment is
The image forming apparatus 110, which comprises the display apparatus 111 described in Examples 1 to 4.
Light guide plate 121,
The first deflection means 131 attached to the light guide plate 121, and
Second deflection means 132 attached to the light guide plate 121,
It has. and,
The light from the image forming apparatus 110 is deflected (or reflected) by the first deflection means 131, propagates through the inside of the light guide plate 121 by total reflection, and is deflected by the second deflection means 132, and the pupil 151 of the observer 150. It is emitted toward.

The system composed of the light guide plate 121 and the second deflection means 132 is a semi-transmissive type (see-through type).

The head-mounted display of Example 5 is
(A) A frame 140 (for example, a spectacle-shaped frame 140) mounted on the head of the observer 150, and
(B) An image display device 100 attached to the frame 140,
It has. The head-mounted display of Example 5 is specifically a binocular type provided with two image display devices, but may be a single-eyed type provided with one. The image display device 100 may be fixedly attached to the frame 140, or may be detachably attached to the frame 140. The head-mounted display is, for example, a direct-drawing type head-mounted display that draws an image directly on the pupil 151 of the observer 150.

The light guide plate 121 has a first surface 122 on which light from the image forming apparatus 110 is incident, and a second surface 123 facing the first surface 122. That is, the light guide plate 121 made of optical glass or a plastic material has two parallel surfaces (first surface 122 and second surface 123) extending parallel to the light propagation direction (X direction) due to total internal reflection of the light guide plate 121. is doing. The first surface 122 and the second surface 123 face each other. The first deflection means 131 is arranged on the second surface 123 of the light guide plate 121 (specifically, they are bonded together), and the second deflection means 132 is the second surface 123 of the light guide plate 121. It is placed on top (specifically, it is pasted together).

The first deflection means (first diffraction grating member) 131 is composed of a hologram diffraction grating, specifically, a reflective volume hologram diffraction grating, and the second deflection means (second diffraction grating member) 132 is also a hologram diffraction grating, Specifically, it consists of a reflective volume hologram diffraction grating. A first interference fringe is formed inside the hologram diffraction grating that constitutes the first deflection means 131, and a second interference fringe is formed inside the hologram diffraction grating that constitutes the second deflection means 132. There is.

The first deflection means 131 is diffracted and reflected so that the parallel light incident on the light guide plate 121 from the second surface 123 is totally reflected inside the light guide plate 121. The second deflection means 132 diffracts and reflects the light propagating inside the light guide plate 121 by total internal reflection, and guides the light to the pupil 151 of the observer 150. The second deflection means 132 constitutes a virtual image forming region in the light guide plate 121. The axes of the first deflection means 131 and the second deflection means 132 are parallel to the X direction, and the normals are parallel to the Z direction. Each reflective volume hologram diffraction grating made of a photopolymer material has interference fringes corresponding to one type of wavelength band (or wavelength), and is manufactured by a conventional method. The pitch of the interference fringes formed on the reflective volume hologram diffraction grating is constant, and the interference fringes are linear and parallel to the Y direction.

FIG. 34B shows an enlarged schematic partial cross-sectional view of the reflective volume hologram diffraction grating. Interference fringes having an inclination angle (slant angle) φ are formed on the reflection type volume hologram diffraction grating. Here, the inclination angle φ refers to the angle formed by the interference fringes with the surface of the reflective volume hologram diffraction grating. The interference fringes are formed from the inside of the reflective volume hologram diffraction grating to the surface. The interference fringes satisfy the Bragg condition. Here, the Bragg condition refers to a condition that satisfies the following equation (A). In the formula (A), m is a positive integer, λ is the wavelength, d is the pitch of the lattice plane (the interval in the normal direction of the virtual plane including the interference fringes), and Θ is the margin of the angle incident on the interference fringes. do. Further, the relationship between Θ, the inclination angle φ, and the incident angle ψ when light enters the diffraction grating member at the incident angle ψ is as shown in the equation (B).

m ・ λ = 2 ・ d ・ sin (Θ) (A)
Θ = 90 °-(φ + ψ) (B)

In the fifth embodiment, the display device 111 constituting the image forming apparatus 110 is composed of the display devices of the first to fifth embodiments. The entire image forming apparatus 110 is housed in the housing 112. An optical system through which the image emitted from the display device 111 passes may be arranged in order to control the display dimension, the display position, and the like of the image emitted from the display device 111. What kind of optical system is arranged depends on the specifications required for the head-mounted display and the image forming apparatus 110. In a head-mounted display or an image forming device in which an image is transmitted from one display device 111 to both eyes, the display device according to the first or second embodiment shown in FIGS. 3B, 18A, and 18B. Should be adopted.

The frame 140 includes a front portion 141 arranged in front of the observer 150, two temple portions 143 rotatably attached to both ends of the front portion 141 via hinges 142, and a tip portion of each temple portion 143. It consists of 144 modern parts (also known as hinges, earmuffs, and earpads) attached to. In addition, a nose pad 140'is attached. That is, the assembly of the frame 140 and the nose pad 140'has basically the same structure as ordinary eyeglasses. Further, each housing 112 is attached to the temple portion 143 by the attachment member 149. The frame 140 is made of metal or plastic. Each housing 112 may be detachably attached to the temple portion 143 by the attachment member 149. Further, for the observer who owns and wears the spectacles, each housing 112 may be detachably attached to the temple portion 143 of the frame 140 of the spectacles owned by the observer by the attachment member 149. Each housing 112 may be attached to the outside of the temple portion 143 or may be attached to the inside of the temple portion 143. Alternatively, the light guide plate 121 may be fitted into the rim provided on the front portion 141.

Further, the wiring (signal line, power supply line, etc.) 145 extending from one of the image forming apparatus 110 extends to the outside from the tip portion of the modern portion 144 via the temple portion 143 and the inside of the modern portion 144 to control. It is connected to a device (control circuit, control means) 148. Further, each image forming apparatus 110 includes a headphone portion 146, and the headphone portion wiring 146'extending from each image forming apparatus 110 passes through the temple portion 143 and the inside of the modern portion 144, and the modern portion 144. It extends from the tip of the headphone to the headphone unit 146. More specifically, the headphone portion wiring 146'extends from the tip portion of the modern portion 144 to the headphone portion 146 so as to wrap around the back side of the pinna (auricle). With such a configuration, it is possible to obtain a neat head-mounted display without giving the impression that the headphone portion 146 and the wiring for the headphone portion 146'are arranged randomly.

As described above, the wiring (signal line, power supply line, etc.) 145 is connected to the control device (control circuit) 148, and the control device 148 performs processing for displaying an image. The control device 148 can be composed of a well-known circuit.

At the central portion 141'of the front portion 141, a camera 147 composed of a solid-state image sensor consisting of a CCD or CMOS sensor and a lens (these are not shown), if necessary, is provided with an appropriate mounting member (not shown). ) Is attached. The signal from the camera 147 is sent to the control device (control circuit) 148 via a wiring (not shown) extending from the camera 147.

In the image display device of the fifth embodiment, the light emitted from the display device 111 at a certain moment (for example, corresponding to the size of one pixel or one sub-pixel) is regarded as parallel light. Then, this light reaches the pupil 151 (specifically, the crystalline lens) of the observer 150, and the light that has passed through the crystalline lens is finally imaged in the retina of the pupil 151 of the observer 150.

Although the present disclosure has been described above based on preferred examples, the present disclosure is not limited to these examples. The configuration and structure of the display device (organic EL display device) and the light emitting element (organic EL element) described in the examples are examples, which can be changed as appropriate, and the manufacturing method of the display device is also an example. , Can be changed as appropriate.

In the embodiment, the first region and the third region are composed of a part of the flattening layer (extending part of the flattening layer), but the material is not limited to this, and the material constituting the first region is used. When "Material A", the material constituting the third region is "Material B", and the material constituting the flattening layer is "Material C",
[1] Material A = Material B = Material C
[2] Material A ≠ Material B and Material A = Material C and Material B = Material C
[3] Material A = Material B and Material A ≠ Material C and Material B = Material C
[4] Material A = Material B and Material A = Material C and Material B ≠ Material C
[5] Material A ≠ Material B and Material A = Material C and Material B ≠ Material C
[6] Material A = Material B and Material A ≠ Material C and Material B ≠ Material C
[7] Material A ≠ Material B and Material A ≠ Material C and Material B = Material C
[8] Material A ≠ Material B and Material A ≠ Material C and Material B ≠ Material C
Combinations can be mentioned. Here, "=" means materials having the same refractive index, and "≠" means materials having different refractive indexes.

The flattening layer can also have a function as a color filter layer. That is, the flattening layer having such a function may be made of a well-known color resist material. By making the flattening layer also function as a color filter layer in this way, the organic layer and the flattening layer can be arranged close to each other, and even if the light emitted from the light emitting element is widened, color mixing is prevented. Can be effectively achieved, and the viewing angle characteristics are improved.

Further, the light emitted from each light emitting element 10 and passing through the light emitting direction control member 50 may be configured to be parallel light.

Alternatively, FIG. 23 shows a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the light emitting element (provided that it is located within the reference point) constituting the modification-1 of the display device, and the light emitting element (however, the position away from the reference point) is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 24, the light emission direction control member 50'can be in the form of a lens. Specifically, the second region 52'of the light emission direction control member 50 may be in the form of a hemisphere or a part of the sphere. In the illustrated example, the light emission direction control member 50'is a plano-convex lens, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a biconvex lens may be used. The first region 51'and the third region 53'are composed of extending portions of the flattening layer 35.

FIG. 25 shows a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the light emitting element (provided that it is located within the reference point) constituting the modified example-2 of the display device of the first embodiment, showing the light emitting element (however, away from the reference point). As shown in FIG. 26, a schematic partial cross-sectional view of (located) is formed so that a light absorption layer (black matrix layer) BM is formed between the color filter layer CFs of adjacent light emitting elements. Can be done. The black matrix layer BM is made of, for example, a black resin film (specifically, for example, a black polyimide resin) having an optical density of 1 or more mixed with a black colorant. Further, FIG. 27 shows a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the light emitting element (provided that it is located within the reference point) constituting the modification 3 of the display device of the first embodiment, showing the light emitting element (however, from the reference point). As shown in FIG. 28, a schematic partial cross-sectional view of (located apart) is light between the light emitting direction control members 50 of the adjacent light emitting elements (that is, in a part of the third region 53). It is also possible to form a form in which an absorption layer (black matrix layer) BM'is formed. Further, these

Modifications

2 and 3 can be combined. It should be noted that the modified example-1, the modified example-2, and the modified example-3 can be applied to other examples.

In the embodiment, one pixel is composed of three sub-pixels exclusively from the combination of the white light emitting element and the color filter layer. For example, one pixel is formed from four sub-pixels including the light emitting element that emits white. It may be configured. In this case, a transparent filter may be provided for the light emitting element that emits white light. In the embodiment, the light emitting element drive unit is composed of MOSFET, but it can also be composed of TFT. The first electrode and the second electrode may have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure.

A light-shielding portion is provided between the light-emitting element and the light-emitting element in order to prevent light emitted from the light-emitting element from entering the light-emitting element adjacent to the light-emitting element and causing optical crosstalk. You may. That is, a groove may be formed between the light emitting element and the light emitting element, and the groove may be embedded with a light shielding material to form a light shielding portion. By providing the light-shielding portion in this way, the rate at which the light emitted from a certain light-emitting element penetrates into the adjacent light-emitting element can be reduced, color mixing occurs, and the chromaticity of the entire pixel deviates from the desired chromaticity. It is possible to suppress the occurrence of such a phenomenon. Then, since color mixing can be prevented, the color purity when the pixels are made to emit a single color is increased, and the chromaticity point is deepened. Therefore, the color gamut is widened, and the range of color expression of the display device is widened. Further, although a color filter layer is arranged for each pixel in order to improve color purity, depending on the configuration of the light emitting element, the color filter layer can be thinned or the color filter layer can be omitted, and the color filter can be omitted. It becomes possible to take out the light absorbed by the layer, and as a result, the light emission efficiency is improved. Alternatively, the light absorption layer (black matrix layer) may be provided with a light-shielding property.

The display device of the present disclosure can be applied to an interchangeable lens type single-lens reflex type digital still camera. A front view of the digital still camera is shown in FIG. 35A, and a rear view is shown in FIG. 35B. This interchangeable lens single-lens reflex type digital still camera has, for example, an interchangeable photographing lens unit (interchangeable lens) 212 on the front right side of the camera body (camera body) 211, and is gripped by the photographer on the front left side. It has a grip portion 213 for using the lens. A monitor 214 is provided substantially in the center of the back surface of the camera body 211. An electronic viewfinder (eyepiece window) 215 is provided above the monitor 214. By looking into the electronic viewfinder 215, the photographer can visually recognize the light image of the subject guided by the photographing lens unit 212 and determine the composition. In an interchangeable lens single-lens reflex type digital still camera having such a configuration, the display device of the present disclosure can be used as the electronic viewfinder 215.

The present disclosure may also have the following configuration.
[A01] << Display device >>
Light emitting part and
Light emission direction control member through which the light emitted from the light emitting unit passes
A display device having a display panel provided with a plurality of light emitting elements including the above.
In each light emitting element
The light emission direction control member is composed of a first region and a second region surrounding the first region.
A display device in which _{the refractive index value n 1} of the material constituting the first region _{is different from the refractive index value n 2} of the material constituting the second region.
[A02] The light emission direction control member has a flat plate shape.
The region located outside the outer edge portion in contact with the outer edge portion of the light emission direction control member is occupied by a material having a refractive index value n ₃ _{smaller than the refractive index value n 2 of the material constituting the second region.} The display device according to [A01].
[A03] The display device according to [A01], wherein the light emission direction control member has a lens shape.
[A04] The display device according to any one of [A01] to [A03], which satisfies _{n 1} <n _2.
The display device according to any one of [A01] to [A03], which satisfies [A05] n ₁ > n _2.
[A06] Depending on the position of the light emitting element on the display panel, the emission direction of the light emitted from the center of the light emitting unit and passed through the light emission direction control member is different from the light emission direction control member [A01] to [A05]. ] The display device according to any one of the items.
[A07] When the distance between the normal passing through the center of the light emitting unit and the normal passing through the center of gravity of the first region of the light emitting direction control member is D ₀ , at least one of the light emitting elements provided in the display panel. The display device according to [A06], wherein the value of the distance D _{0 is not 0.}
[A08] A reference point is set,
At least a part of the light emitting element provided in the display panel is emitted from the center of the light emitting portion and passes through the light emitting direction control member depending on _{the distance D 1 from the reference point to the normal passing through the center of the light emitting portion.} The display device according to any one of [A01] to [A07], wherein the emission direction of the light emitted from the light emission direction control member is set.
[A09] The display device according to [A08], wherein _{the value of the distance D 0} depends on the value of the distance D _1.
[A10] A reference point is set,
In at least a part of the light emitting elements provided in the display panel, the value of (n _2- n ₁ _{) is set depending on the distance D 1} from the reference point to the normal passing through the center of the light emitting portion [A01]. ] To [A09]. The display device according to any one of the items.
[A11] A reference point is set,
In at least a part of the light emitting elements provided in the display panel, a virtual plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the light emitting direction control member depends on _{the distance D 1} from the reference point to the normal passing through the center of the light emitting portion. The display device according to any one of [A01] to [A10], wherein the cross-sectional shape (horizontal cross-sectional shape) of the first region when the light emission direction control member is cut in the virtual horizontal plane) is set.
[A12] The horizontal cross-sectional shape of the first region is a polygon including a triangle, a quadrangle, a hexagon and an octagon (including a regular polygon), and a shape corresponding to a circle, an ellipse, an oval, and a carryt symbol. The display device according to any one of [A01] to [A11], which has a shape corresponding to a fan shape or a quadrangular ring.
[A13] The display device according to any one of [A08] to [A12] assumed in the display panel as the reference point.
[A14] (A) The reference point is not located in the central region of the display panel (B) One reference point is assumed (C) Multiple reference points are assumed (D) If one reference point is assumed, the reference point is not included in the central area of the display panel, and if multiple reference points are assumed, at least one reference point is not included in the central area of the display panel. The display device according to [A13], which is one of the configurations.
[A15] value of the distance D ₀ in a part of the light-emitting element is 0, the display device according to the value of the distance D ₀ in the remaining light-emitting element is not 0 [A13] or [A14].
[A16] The display device according to any one of [A08] to [A12], wherein the reference point is assumed to be outside the display panel.
[A17] (E) Configuration in which one reference point is assumed (F) The display device according to [A16], which is one of the configurations in which a plurality of reference points are assumed.
[A18] The light emitted from each light emitting element and passing through the light emission direction control member is converged (concentrated) in a certain region of the space outside the display device according to [A16] or [A17]. Display device.
[A19] The display device according to any one of [A16] to [A18], wherein the light emitted from each light emitting element and passing through the light emission direction control member is emitted in the space outside the display device.
[A20] The display device according to any one of [A16] to [A19], wherein the value _{of the distance D 0} is not 0 in all the light emitting elements.
[A21] The display device according to any one of [A01] to [A05], wherein the light emitted from each light emitting element and passing through the light emission direction control member is parallel light.
[A22] The cross-sectional shape of the first region when the light emission direction control member is cut in a virtual plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the light emission direction control member is determined in at least a part of the light emitting element provided in the display panel. The display device according to any one of [A01] to [A21], which is constant or changes along the thickness direction of the light emission direction control member.
[A23] In at least a part of the light emitting element provided in the display panel, the horizontal cross-sectional shape of the first region becomes larger or smaller from the light incident surface to the light emitting surface of the light emitting direction control member. The display device according to [A22].
[A24] In at least a part of the light emitting element provided in the display panel, a normal line passing through the center of gravity of the first region of the light emission direction control member and a first region passing through the center of gravity of the first region of the light emission direction control member. The display device according to any one of [A01] to [A23], which intersects the axis of No. 1 at an angle exceeding 0 degrees.
[A25] When the depth of the first region is H ₁ and the thickness of the light emission direction control member is H ₀ ,
0.5 ≤ H ₁ / H ₀ ≤ 1.0
The display device according to any one of [A01] to [A24], which satisfies the above.
[A26] The display device according to [A25], wherein the lower part of the first region is occupied by the material constituting the second region.
[A27] The display device according to [A25], wherein the upper part of the first region is occupied by the material constituting the second region.
[A28] The display device according to any one of [A25] to [A27], wherein _{the value of H 1} / H ₀ depends on the value of the distance D _1.
[A29] A reference point is set,
The plurality of light emitting elements are arranged in a first direction and a second direction different from the first direction.
The distance between the normal passing through the center of the light emitting part and the normal passing through the center of gravity of the first region of the light emitting direction control member is D ₀ , and the distance from the reference point to the normal passing through the center of the light emitting part is D ₁ year,
The values of the first direction and the second direction of the distance D ₀ _{are D 0-X} and D _0-Y, and the values of the first direction and the second direction of the distance D ₁ _{are D 1-. When X} and D _1-Y are used
D _0-X with respect to the change in D _1-X is changed linearly, D _0-Y with respect to the change in D _1-Y changes linearly, or,
D _0-X with respect to the change in D _1-X is changed linearly, D _0-Y with respect to the change in D _1-Y changes nonlinearly, or,
D _0-X with respect to the change in D _1-X is changed to a non-linear, D _0-Y with respect to the change in D _1-Y changes linearly, or,
D _0-X with respect to the change in D _1-X is changed to a non-linear, D _0-Y with respect to the change in D _1-Y in any one of varies nonlinearly [A01] to [A28] The display device described.
[A30] A reference point is set,
The distance between the normal passing through the center of the light emitting part and the normal passing through the center of gravity of the first region of the light emitting direction control member is D ₀ , and the distance from the reference point to the normal passing through the center of the light emitting part is D ₁ The display device according to any one of [A01] to [A29], wherein the value _{of the distance D 0} increases as the value of the distance D _{1 increases.}
[A31] The display device according to any one of [A01] to [A30], wherein the light emitting unit provided in the light emitting element includes an organic electroluminescence layer.
[A32] The display device according to any one of [A01] to [A30], wherein the light emitting unit includes a light emitting diode (LED).
[B01] << Light emitting element >>
Light emitting part and
Light emission direction control member through which the light emitted from the light emitting unit passes
Including
The light emission direction control member is composed of a first region and a second region surrounding the first region.
A light emitting element in which _{the refractive index value n 1} of the material constituting the first region _{is different from the refractive index value n 2} of the material constituting the second region.
[B02] The light emission direction control member has a flat plate shape and has a flat plate shape.
The region located outside the outer edge portion in contact with the outer edge portion of the light emission direction control member is occupied by a material having a refractive index value n ₃ _{smaller than the refractive index value n 2 of the material constituting the second region.} The light emitting element according to [B01].
[B03] The light emitting element according to [B01], wherein the light emission direction control member has a lens shape.
[B04] The light emitting device according to any one of [B01] to [B03], which satisfies _{n 1} <n _2.
The light emitting device according to any one of [B01] to [B03], which satisfies [B05] n ₁ > n _2.
[B06] When the light emission direction control member is cut in a virtual plane (virtual horizontal plane) perpendicular to the thickness direction of the light emission direction control member, the cross-sectional shape (horizontal cross-sectional shape) of the first region is a triangle, a quadrangle, or a polygon. It is one of polygons including hexagons and octagons (including regular polygons), and shapes corresponding to circles, ellipses, oval, carryt symbols, fan shapes and Rambolt rings [B01]. The light emitting element according to any one of [B05].
[B07] The light emission according to any one of [B01] to [B06], wherein the horizontal cross-sectional shape of the first region is constant or changes along the thickness direction of the light emission direction control member. element.
[B08] The light emitting element according to [B07], wherein the horizontal cross-sectional shape of the first region becomes larger or smaller from the light incident surface to the light emitting surface of the light emitting direction control member.
[B09] The normal line passing through the center of gravity of the first region of the light emission direction control member and the axis line of the first region passing through the center of gravity of the first region of the light emission direction control member intersect at an angle exceeding 0 degrees. The light emitting element according to any one of [B01] to [B08].
[B10] When the depth of the first region is H ₁ and the thickness of the light emission direction control member is H ₀ ,
0.5 ≤ H ₁ / H ₀ ≤ 1.0
The light emitting device according to any one of [B01] to [B09], which satisfies the above.
[B11] The light emitting element according to [B10], wherein the lower part of the first region is occupied by the material constituting the second region.
[B12] The light emitting element according to [B10], wherein the upper part of the first region is occupied by the material constituting the second region.
[B13] The light emitting element according to any one of [B01] to [B12], wherein the light emitting unit provided in the light emitting element includes an organic electroluminescence layer.
[B14] The light emitting element according to any one of [B01] to [B12], wherein the light emitting unit includes a light emitting diode (LED).

10, 10R, 10G, 10B ... light emitting element, 11 ... first substrate, 20 ... transistor, 21 ... gate electrode, 22 ... gate insulating layer, 23 ... channel forming region, 24 ... Source / drain region, 25 ... Element separation region, 26 ... Base (interlayer insulation layer), 27 ... Contact plug, 28 ... Insulation layer, 30 ... Light emitting part, 31 ... 1st electrode, 32 ... 2nd electrode, 33 ... organic layer, 34 ... protective layer, 35 ... flattening layer, 36 ... sealing resin layer, 41 ... 2nd substrate, 50, 50'... light emission direction control member, 51, 51'... 1st region, 52, 52' ... 2nd region, 53, 53'... 3rd region, 54 ... Outer edge of light emission direction control member, 100 ... Image display device, 110 ... Image forming device, 111 ... Display device, 112 ... Housing, 121 ... Light guide plate, 122 ... 1st surface of the light guide plate, 123 ... 2nd surface of the light guide plate, 131 ... 1st deflection means, 132 ... 2nd deflection means, 140 ... frame, 140'...・ Nose pad, 141 ・・・ Front part, 141'・・・ Central part of front part, 142 ・・・ Butterfly, 143 ・・・ Temple part, 144 ・・・ Modern part, 145 ・・・ Wiring 146 ・・・ Headphones 146'・・・ Headphones wiring 147 ・・・ Camera 148 ・・・ Control device (control circuit, control means) 149 ・・・ Mounting member, 150 ・・・ Observer, 151 ... pupil, 211 ... camera body (camera body), 212 ... shooting lens unit (interchangeable lens), 213 ... grip, 214 ... monitor, 215 ... electronic viewfinder ( eyepiece _{window), CF, CF R, CF} G, CF B ··· color filter layer, BM, BM '··· black matrix layer

Claims

Light emitting part and
Light emission direction control member through which the light emitted from the light emitting unit passes
A display device having a display panel provided with a plurality of light emitting elements including the above.
In each light emitting element
The light emission direction control member is composed of a first region and a second region surrounding the first region.
A display device in which the refractive index value n 1 of the material constituting the first region is different from the refractive index value n 2 of the material constituting the second region.
The light emission direction control member is flat and has a flat plate shape.
The region located outside the outer edge portion in contact with the outer edge portion of the light emission direction control member is occupied by a material having a refractive index value n 3 smaller than the refractive index value n 2 of the material constituting the second region. The display device according to claim 1.
The display device according to claim 1, wherein the light emission direction control member is in the shape of a lens.
The display device according to claim 1, which satisfies n 1 <n 2.
The display device according to claim 1, wherein the emission direction of light emitted from the center of the light emitting unit and passing through the light emission direction control member differs depending on the position of the light emitting element on the display panel.
When the distance between the normal passing through the center of the light emitting unit and the normal passing through the center of gravity of the first region of the light emitting direction control member is D 0 , at least a part of the light emitting elements provided in the display panel The display device according to claim 5, wherein the value of the distance D 0 is not 0.
A reference point is set,
At least a part of the light emitting element provided in the display panel is emitted from the center of the light emitting portion and passes through the light emitting direction control member depending on the distance D 1 from the reference point to the normal passing through the center of the light emitting portion. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the emission direction of the light emitted from the light emission direction control member is set.
A reference point is set,
Claim that the value of (n 2- n 1 ) is set depending on the distance D 1 from the reference point to the normal passing through the center of the light emitting portion in at least a part of the light emitting element provided in the display panel. The display device according to 1.
A reference point is set,
In at least a part of the light emitting elements provided in the display panel, in a virtual plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the light emitting direction control member, depending on the distance D 1 from the reference point to the normal passing through the center of the light emitting portion. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the first region when the light emission direction control member is cut is set.
The reference point is the display device according to claim 5, which is assumed in the display panel.
The display device according to claim 5, wherein the reference point is assumed to be outside the display panel.
The display device according to claim 11, wherein the light emitted from each light emitting element and passing through the light emission direction control member converges on a certain region of the space outside the display device.
The display device according to claim 11, wherein the light emitted from each light emitting element and passing through the light emission direction control member is emitted in a space outside the display device.
The display device according to claim 1, wherein the light emitted from each light emitting element and passing through the light emission direction control member is parallel light.
The cross-sectional shape of the first region when the light emission direction control member is cut in a virtual plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the light emission direction control member is the light emission direction in at least a part of the light emitting element provided in the display panel. The display device according to claim 1, which is constant or changes along the thickness direction of the control member.
When the depth of the first region is H 1 and the thickness of the light emission direction control member is H 0 ,
0.5 ≤ H 1 / H 0 ≤ 1.0
The display device according to claim 1.
A reference point is set,
The plurality of light emitting elements are arranged in a first direction and a second direction different from the first direction.
The distance between the normal passing through the center of the light emitting part and the normal passing through the center of gravity of the first region of the light emitting direction control member is D 0 , and the distance from the reference point to the normal passing through the center of the light emitting part is D 1 year,
The values of the first direction and the second direction of the distance D 0 are D 0-X and D 0-Y, and the values of the first direction and the second direction of the distance D 1 are D 1-. When X and D 1-Y are used
D 0-X with respect to the change in D 1-X is changed linearly, D 0-Y with respect to the change in D 1-Y changes linearly, or,
D 0-X with respect to the change in D 1-X is changed linearly, D 0-Y with respect to the change in D 1-Y changes nonlinearly, or,
D 0-X with respect to the change in D 1-X is changed to a non-linear, D 0-Y with respect to the change in D 1-Y changes linearly, or,
D 0-X with respect to the change in D 1-X is changed to a non-linear, D 0-Y with respect to the change in D 1-Y A display device according to claim 1 which changes nonlinearly.
A reference point is set,
The distance between the normal passing through the center of the light emitting part and the normal passing through the center of gravity of the first region of the light emitting direction control member is D 0 , and the distance from the reference point to the normal passing through the center of the light emitting part is D 1 The display device according to claim 1, wherein the value of the distance D 0 increases as the value of the distance D 1 increases.
The display device according to claim 1, wherein the light emitting unit provided in the light emitting element includes an organic electroluminescence layer.
Light emitting part and
Light emission direction control member through which the light emitted from the light emitting unit passes
Including
The light emission direction control member is composed of a first region and a second region surrounding the first region.
A light emitting element in which the refractive index value n 1 of the material constituting the first region is different from the refractive index value n 2 of the material constituting the second region.