JPH10166323A - Adhesive free woody board and laminated plate and manufacture thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To form a woody board and laminated plate having dimensional stability and moisture resistance by filing woody material in a mold frame, and then implementing a softening treatment before compressing this at a predetermined compression ratio; finally executing a configurational immobilization treatment through a high pressure steam for forming a woody board. SOLUTION: Wood powders absorb high temperature and high pressure steam to thereby soften through the agency of high pressure steam coming into the mold container 3 from an interstice or the like between a frame member 1 and an upper lied member 4. Following this, as woody powder is softened, the upper lid member 4 is pressed by means of a press machine 6 with a pressure of the order to 5kg/cm<2> so as to compress wood powders. Next, by keeping such a compression state, a high pressure steam of about 180 deg.C is filled in the high pressure container 5 in order to be maintained for about 10min as it is. By being maintained in this manner, high pressure steam comes into the inner part of a semi-finished woody board X compressed, thereby giving an immobilization treatment thereto.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wooden board and a laminated board formed without using an adhesive, and a method for producing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A wood board is made by dividing wood raw materials such as chips into constituent elements and reassembling the constituent elements with a binder such as an adhesive. In addition, since these are subjected to heating and pressing, they are temporarily fixed in a compressed state. Examples of such a wood board include a particle board made of small pieces of wood, a fiber board made of wood fiber (fiber), and a wafer board made of wafer-like wood. Further, the laminated plate is a single plate as a constituent element, a laminate obtained by applying an adhesive to the single plate, and the resulting laminate is heated and compressed.

[0003]

However, a relatively large amount of adhesive is used for these wooden boards and laminated boards, and the amount of the adhesive is several tens of weight in terms of the weight of the finished wooden board or the like. The breakdown ratio is about%. For example, in the case of MDF which is a kind of fiber board, the adhesive is 30
%. In particular, a wood board requires a larger amount of adhesive because the smaller the components such as wood chips, the larger the bonding surface becomes. In addition, the use of a large amount of the adhesive impairs the inherent material properties of wood, such as hygroscopicity. Further, it takes a lot of time to apply the adhesive at the time of manufacturing, or to remove the adhesive attached to the device to be used, and it also entails a material burden of the adhesive.

[0004] In recent years, most of the adhesives used for wooden boards and laminated boards are synthetic resins. Therefore, when disposing of used wood boards and laminates, there are various problems such as the generation of harmful gas and the incinerator being damaged due to overheating when incinerating. Further, even if it is disposed by dumping, the wood part is rotten and naturalized, but the adhesive part is not rotten and thus remains without being naturalized, which is still a problem.

[0005] Furthermore, wooden boats and laminated boards are vulnerable to water,
The wood raw material compressed by containing water breaks the adhesive because it recovers its original thickness, so for example, there is no stop between the small pieces of wood with the adhesive, and the collapse of the wooden board and the laminate board It is the basis for peeling. Therefore, it is required that the swelling ratio of the water-absorbing thickness is low so that such a phenomenon does not occur. For example, the upper limit of the swelling ratio of the fiberboard is set to 10% in JIS standard. And they are trying to ensure the dimensional stability required for wood products. In particular, wooden boats and laminates fixed in a compressed state are not only swelled due to the inclusion of water, but also undergo a phenomenon called springback (recovery) for the tissue to return to its original state, and the compression is released. In addition, the collapse of the wooden board is more likely to occur.

In general, when a processed wood product is manufactured, a natural tree is used as a raw material. However, since the shape and thickness of the tree are various, processing is performed according to various standards of the product. A large amount of surplus scrap is discharged as necessary. In addition, a large amount of wood powder, sawdust and the like during processing are also discharged. In addition, natural trees have branch materials that are of little use value from the beginning, and are slightly different from trees, but bamboo and the like have a relatively limited field of application. It does not mean that we use the blessings of nature.

In view of the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to make it possible to effectively use unused resources or wood wastes, and to form without using an adhesive, and to obtain with conventional methods. An object of the present invention is to provide a wooden board and a laminate having dimensional stability and water resistance that have not been provided, and to provide a manufacturing method therefor.

[0008]

In order to obtain a wooden board, first, in order to obtain a wooden board, a wooden raw material (chip, fiber, wood powder, etc.) is filled into a mold, and then a softening treatment is performed. Then, this was compressed at a predetermined compression ratio, and finally, the shape was fixed by high-pressure steam A to form a wood board.

In order to obtain a laminated plate, after a plurality of veneers are laminated, they are softened in the same manner as described above, are compressed at a predetermined compression ratio, and are finally fixed by high-pressure steam A. The treatment was performed to form a laminate.

In addition, there is a method in which each of the softening, compressing, and fixing processes is performed as a continuous process in one high-pressure vessel. According to this, processing can be automated, and significant labor savings can be achieved. At this time, the softening treatment can be performed by the high-pressure steam B filled in the high-pressure container. In addition, each of the steps from softening to immobilization may be continuously processed in a time-series order, or may be performed in parallel without having a clear order. For example, compression may be performed while performing softening processing, or fixing processing may be performed while performing compression.

The above means will be described in detail. First, wood material and veneer are boiled to soften lignin and hemicellulose in the wood constituents and to impart fluidity. Further, when the woody raw material or veneer in this state is compressed at a predetermined compression ratio, the surfaces of the softened components are finely physically engaged with each other, and can be adhered by the engagement. At the same time, some of the sap, lignin, and hemicellulose that have gained fluidity are squeezed out by compression, but because they are viscous and cause a condensation reaction by the action of high-pressure steam, the components are bonded together. is there. In other words, by combining such physical adhesion and chemical adhesion by wood components such as lignin,
Strong self-adhesion is achieved without using an adhesive. Further, by maintaining the compressed state under high-pressure steam for a predetermined time, the compressed shape is fixed.

That is, the amorphous region of cellulose microfibrils, which is the main cause of recovery, is transformed into stable crystals in a state deformed by high-pressure steam, whereby the shape can be stabilized. Back does not happen.

[0013]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In the present invention, the wood raw material used for the wood board may be a wide range of materials. For example, wood flour such as sawdust, small pieces of wood from various types of offcuts discharged during wood processing, unnecessary timber from thinning trees, thinned wood,
There are wood fiber and bamboo fiber obtained by bark and explosion.

The veneer used for the laminated plate of the present invention may have a thickness of about 0.2 to 3.0 mm, for example, a veneer used for a conventional plywood may be used.

As the softening treatment, there are a method of immersing in hot water or hot water, a method of placing in steam, a method of heating by irradiation of microwave or high frequency, and a method of treating with a chemical such as ammonia.

In particular, when a component such as wood flour is softened by being placed in a high-pressure vessel, it is preferable to expose it to high-pressure steam B at about 70 to 150 ° C. for about 5 to 20 minutes. In addition, the temperature of the high-pressure steam and the time of exposure to the high-pressure steam may be adjusted to other than the above according to the characteristics of the woody raw material. In addition, in the case of a single plate, either of the laminated products may be softened or the softened products may be stacked.

In the case of compression, if the raw material is woody, it may be in the form of powder, small pieces, fibers, etc., so that it may be put in a mold container or the like and shaped into a board. Compression. At this time, 5-20 kg /
A pressure of about ² cm ² is a standard, and the compression ratio is suitably such that the specific gravity of a woody material such as wood flour becomes 1.5 to 3 times that before compression.

The immobilization treatment is carried out by subjecting the semi-finished wooden board or laminated board compressed as described above to a compressed state under high-pressure steam A at 150 to 200 ° C. for 5 to 30 minutes.
It can be processed by leaving it for a minute.

As described above, the respective processes from softening to immobilization can be performed as a continuous process in one high-pressure vessel. However, the present invention is not limited to this. It may be performed as processing. For example, immerse in warm water to soften, take out the softened material from warm water, compress it with a compressor, then lock it so that it does not recover in a compressed state, or dry it (this is called dry set),
It may be placed in a high-pressure container and exposed to high-pressure steam while maintaining mechanical restraint. If the softening is carried out with high-pressure steam B, it can be carried out as a continuous treatment in one high-pressure vessel. However, the temperature required for high-pressure steam B is generally lower than that of high-pressure steam A. However, the softening treatment is possible even at a higher temperature than that, and therefore, the high-pressure steam B may be supplied from the beginning with the high-pressure steam A.

[0020]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A description will be given of a manufacturing method in the case where wood flour is selected as a woody raw material of a woody board and a manufactured woody board. First, a mold container 3 as shown in FIG. 1 is assembled on a moving table (not shown). When assembling, first, a pedestal plate 2 made of stainless steel or the like is placed on a movable base, and a rectangular tube-shaped frame member 1 made of stainless steel or aluminum and opened up and down is further placed thereon. Then, in this frame material 1, wood powder such as cedar or cypress is placed at a frame material depth of 8-9.
The upper cover 4 of the stainless steel plate is dropped and placed as a cover.

Next, the mold container 3 is placed in a high-pressure container 5 as shown in FIG. The high-pressure vessel 5 is formed in a shape in which a large cylinder is placed horizontally, and a number of presses 6 for pressing downward are arranged in a row in the longitudinal direction of the high-pressure vessel 5 on the upper part of the high-pressure vessel 5. ing. Then, the lid 7 of the high-pressure container 5 is opened, and the former mold container 3 containing the wood flour is moved along with the moving table and finally put under the press machine 6 so that the high-pressure container 3 is located under the press machine 6. It is stored in the container 5. Then, the lid 7 of the high-pressure vessel 5 is closed, high-pressure steam is supplied from the steam pipe 9 to fill the inside of the high-pressure vessel 5 with high-pressure steam B at 120 ° C., and this state is maintained for 20 minutes. By doing so, high-pressure steam B enters the mold container 3 from the gap between the frame material 1 and the upper lid 4, and the wood powder can absorb the high-temperature high-pressure steam B and soften it. is there.

Thereafter, when the wood flour softens, the upper lid 4 is pressed by the press machine 6 at a pressure of about 5 kg / cm ² to compress the wood flour. At that time, the thickness of the wood flour is set to be about 1/7 to 1/10 of that before compression at the point where it is completely compressed. Next, the high pressure vessel 5 is kept in a compressed state.
The inside is filled with high-pressure steam A at about 180 ° C., and maintained for about 10 minutes as it is. By maintaining like this,
This is because the high-pressure steam A penetrates into the compressed semi-finished wood board X and is subjected to the immobilization treatment. After about 10 minutes have passed, natural cooling is performed thereafter, and when the cooling is completed, finally, the mold is removed from the mold container 3, and the wood board of claim 1 is completed by the manufacturing method according to claims 2 and 3. .

Although a wood board as a final product may be directly manufactured by the above series of processes, a thick wood block is formed by the above method, and a desired board thickness is cut out from the wood block. It may be a wood board of the product. Furthermore, a three-dimensional molded product can be easily obtained by putting it in a molding die and compressing it. For example, it can be used as a substitute for a concrete panel whose surface is uneven. Also, decorative articles such as reliefs can be easily obtained by molding. Further, although different from a wooden board, it can be formed into containers such as bowls and salad balls.

A piece of wood was cut out from the wood board thus obtained and left in water for 24 hours to measure the water absorption thickness swelling ratio (the following formula).
A high performance of 23% was obtained. Swelling ratio _{= (T a -T b) /} T b T b; sample before water absorption thickness T _a; sample thickness after water absorption

The above is about the wooden board and its manufacture, but the laminated board and its manufacture are almost the same as the above procedure. It is not necessary to simply put it in a mold container. Although not shown, a veneer is laminated on a stainless steel base plate, and a stainless steel upper plate is placed on the veneer. In this way, the laminated body of the veneer sandwiched between the pedestal plate and the upper plate from above and below is placed in a high-pressure vessel and softened in the same manner as a wooden board. Then, the laminated veneers are pressed and compressed by the upper press machine. Thereafter, if the same fixing process as that of the wood board is performed, the wood board of claim 4 is completed by the manufacturing method according to claim 5 or 6.

[0026]

As described above, according to the wood board of the first aspect, not only wood pieces, wood fibers and bamboo fibers used in conventional wood boards, but also other materials are discharged during woodworking. A wide range of materials can be selected, such as wood flour, offcuts, branch materials, bark, and thinning that are discharged when cutting trees.

The wooden boat according to claim 1,
In addition, since the laminate described in claim 4 does not use an adhesive, the inherent properties of wood, such as hygroscopicity, can be maintained, and the goodness of wood can be enjoyed.

In addition, permanent and not temporary fixation is performed, so that the compression of both the wooden board and the laminated board is not restored, so that a low value is obtained in the swelling ratio of the water absorption thickness, and the solidity is high. Excellent in dimensional stability.

Moreover, since these wood boards and laminates do not use an adhesive, when the wood boards and laminates made of waste materials are crushed and dismantled, the obtained crushed materials do not contain any synthetic resin and the like. It is a wood material, so that this crushed material can be reused as wood material for a new wood board.

In the case of disposal without reuse, disposal is easy. For example, in the case of incineration, no harmful gas is emitted because no adhesive is contained.
Also, the incinerator will not be damaged by overheating. Further, if the waste is discarded, such as burial, it is made of only natural woody material, so naturalization into the natural world due to decay is easy. In any case, disposal without environmental pollution is possible.

Further, according to the manufacturing method of the present invention, since the bonding step can be omitted, the application work and the material burden of the adhesive are not required, and furthermore, the adhesive is attached to the apparatus. Post-processing such as removal of the adhesive is not required, and as a result, the manufacturing process is simplified. In particular, according to the production method of the second aspect, wood flour, offcuts, branch materials, and the like, which have conventionally been of little use value, can be used as a woody raw material, and thus resources can be effectively used. Further, according to the manufacturing method of the third and fifth aspects, continuous processing is possible, so that significant labor saving is possible and manufacturing in a short time is possible.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a wooden board mold container used in an example.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a state in which a mold container is housed in a high-pressure container, the upper lid is pressed by a press machine to compress wood flour, and a semi-finished wood board is obtained.

[Description of Signs] 1 Frame material 2 Pedestal plate 3 Type container 4 Top lid 5 High pressure container 6 Press machine 9 Steam pipe

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A wood raw material such as wood flour, wood piece, branch material, wood fiber and the like is subjected to a softening treatment, and thereafter, the wood raw material is compressed at a predetermined compression ratio and fixed by a high-pressure steam. A wood board characterized by the following. 2. A step of softening a woody raw material such as wood flour, a piece of wood, a branch material, a wood fiber, and the like, a step of compressing the softened woody raw material at a predetermined compression ratio, and a step of compressing the woody material. Performing a fixing treatment with high-pressure steam A on the raw material. 3. The three steps according to claim 2 are continuously processed in one high-pressure vessel, wherein the softening treatment is performed by high-pressure steam B filled in the high-pressure vessel. A method for manufacturing a wooden board. 4. A laminated plate obtained by subjecting a laminated veneer to a softening treatment, compressing the veneer at a predetermined compression ratio, and performing a fixing treatment with high-pressure steam. 5. A step of softening the laminated veneer, compressing the softened veneer at a predetermined compression ratio, and fixing the compressed veneer with high-pressure steam A. And a step of applying the laminate. 6. The three steps according to claim 5 are continuously processed in one high-pressure vessel, wherein the softening treatment is performed by high-pressure steam B filled in the high-pressure vessel. A method for producing a laminate.