A kind of Wood-plastic profiles and manufacturing approach thereof
[technical field]
The present invention relates to wooden combined material technical field; Especially by the veneer of fast growing wood---comprise with the fast growing wood veneer being other wood-based plate leftover bits of raw material, with water soluble phenol resin---comprise the synthetic Wood-plastic profiles of water soluble phenol resin of modification.
[background technology]
Timber is people's widely used primitiveness materials in life and industrial and agricultural production.Just because of its use is wide, use amount is big, and therefore, it is more and more that forest is cut down.Though timber belongs to recyclable materials, people are widely afforestation also,, the growth of trees needs the time, because the consumption of people to timber is unable to catch up with in the growth of trees, therefore, the present forest reserves are fewer and feweri.
The scarcity day by day of the forest reserves makes people to the fast growing species class in the trees, has given suitable concern like paulownia, willow etc., in the hope of with short time plantation, obtains more timber resources, alleviates the pressure of lumber consumption to the human residential environment.But fast growing tree is because itself, and material is loose, toughness is not enough, and very difficult quilt is put to great application, or is difficult to used separately.At present; Fast growing tree is used the widest artificial board of just producing low grade; Like core-board, glued board, density board, sawdust-board; These artificial boards still can not solve the dependence of people to the natural forest resource owing on the material capability, can't really substitute perennial natural high-quality timber.
If can solve the material problem of fast growing tree, will have crucial meaning the use of timber and the protection of environment.In the existing technology that fast growing tree is utilized; Have fast growing tree is processed into flaky material; The reinforced artificial board production technology of mold pressing again after adhesive, stirring are handled, sprayed in oven dry, oven dry, stripping forming; Like Chinese patent ZL02114510.5, can produce highdensity wooden boards with this technology; But; The used adhesive of this technology is a polyurethane; And there is following defective in the high density wooden boards of being produced as adhesive by polyurethane: be that cost of manufacture is high on the one hand; Comprise the expensive of adhesive and excessive, reach 16-19% by the high density wooden boards glue consumption of its technology making; Be that the polyurethane adhesive hear resistance is relatively poor on the other hand; Facile hydrolysis under high temperature, high humidity and reduce bonding strength; And with the influence of its terminal goods susceptible high humidity environment of making, because the sheet material that makes thus is the high density goods, the bounce that high pressure produced during mold pressing is also big; And this internal stress be as reducing cohesive force greater than hot and humid environment, and sheet material will ftracture thereupon; Be on the one hand again, contain in the polyurethane adhesive-NHCOO-, and-NHCOO-is virose, it uses in the goods of terminal, in case dangerous situations such as breaking out of fire very easily cause life danger to personnel.
[summary of the invention]
The objective of the invention is to overcome the defective of fast growing wood on using; A kind of highdensity Wood-plastic profiles is provided; It all has preferable performance in hardness, internal bond strength, shock resistance, on anti-aging; And moisture-proof, fire-resistant, high temperature resistant can be used for making furniture, floor and finishing material, also can be used to make template for buildings, structural member, container negative and track sleeper; Another object of the present invention is that a kind of manufacturing approach of said Wood-plastic profiles is provided.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is:
A kind of Wood-plastic profiles, by the fast growing wood veneer---comprise with the fast growing wood veneer being the wood-based plate leftover bits of raw material, with water soluble phenol resin---the water-soluble phenolic resin adhesive that comprises modification is synthesized into.
Described Wood-plastic profiles, its density are 900~1300Kg/m
3, hardness is 55~120Mpa, thickness swelling rate was 0.6~3% in 24 hours, burst size of methanal<1.5MG/L.
Described Wood-plastic profiles, the length of its specification are 500~5000mm, and width is 100~1300mm, and thickness is 15~200mm.
For achieving the above object, the manufacturing approach of a kind of Wood-plastic profiles of the present invention comprises following production process:
(1) draws materials and adopt the fast growing wood veneer or be the wood-based plate leftover bits of raw material with the fast growing wood veneer; The mode of drawing materials is slicing, rotary-cut or sawing; Veneer thickness is 0.2~5mm, and veneer length is with to process section bar isometric;
(2) processing is directly put into industrial saucepan water boiling 30~60 minutes with fast growing wood veneer raw material; Can need in water, add proper amount of oxidant or colouring agent based on the color of manufactured goods; Also can directly be positioned over or handle 1~3 hour through the HTHP charing through being positioned over after the above boiling in the retort, the value of temperature, pressure, time depends on the requirement to the manufactured goods color;
Drawing materials is the wood-based plate leftover bits that with the fast growing wood veneer are raw material, if the veneer that independently separates, can be by above-mentioned PROCESS FOR TREATMENT; If the bonding wood-based plate of adhesive is arranged each other; Like the leftover pieces of glued board, science and technology wood, then need process retort high temperature high pressure process earlier, treatment temperature is 130~150 ℃; Pressure is 0.2~0.3Mpa; Time is 1~2 hour, and the adhesive sheet that is bonded together is separated into independently veneer, presses the processing mode processing of fast growing wood veneer raw material again through the washing back;
(3) veneer that will handle of drying carries out drying, and dry method is Exposure to Sunlight, air-dry, oven dry, vacuum dehydration, microwave drying etc., and the veneer moisture content is controlled at below 12%;
(4) impregnation places the impregnation basket with dried veneer, winches in the impregnation pond, and water-soluble phenolic resin adhesive is filled with in the impregnation pond, and the solids content of adhesive is generally 15~25%; Veneer flooded in water-soluble phenolic resin adhesive 2~10 minutes, and dip time also can be decided according to the quality requirement of manufactured goods; Be hung in top, drop glue pond drop glue 30~60 minutes then;
(5) veneer of gel after with drop glue carries out drying, and the moisture content that will contain the glue veneer is controlled between 10~15%, and dry method is Exposure to Sunlight, air-dry, oven dry, vacuum dehydration, microwave drying etc., and control temperature can not be above 80 ℃;
(6) mold pressing is carried out homochromy or not homochromy collocation with the glue veneer that contains of moisture content between 10~15% by the color decorative pattern specification of manufactured goods, is tiled in and carries out mold pressing in the mould, and the density of material in the mould of pressurization back should reach 900~1300Kg/m
3The specification of mould can need be confirmed by the specification of manufactured goods;
(7) curing is solidified the section bar that suppresses together with mould, and solidification temperature is 120~140 ℃, and be 4~10 hours hardening time, cools to room temperature with the furnace after solidifying fully and carries out the demoulding;
(8) section bar behind the cure and demold of back need be stacked 5~15 days, let it discharge internal stress; So far, a kind of Wood-plastic profiles is promptly accused and is processed.
The good effect of a kind of Wood-plastic profiles of the present invention is:
(1) uses the adhesive of water soluble phenol resin as synthetic material.Because phenolic resins has that cementability is strong, water-fast, heat-resisting, oil resistant, ageing-resistant, anti-mould, resistant to chemical media; And advantages such as easy modification; Overcome the shortcoming of the wood-based plate heat resistance difference of using the polyurethane adhesive making, and lower than the cost that uses polyurethane adhesive.
(2) feature of environmental protection of material is better.Burst size of methanal through completely crued phenolic resins is extremely low; And can disappear is zero, thereby the wood-based plate of having avoided for good and all discharging free formaldehyde, the making of use polyurethane adhesive with the wood-based plate that urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive is made has the danger of release-NHCOO-.
(3) the present invention has effectively utilized fast growing wood and has been the leftover bits of other wood-based plate of raw material with the fast growing wood; To bring up to a very high height to the utilization of fast growing wood: the goods of the present invention material that material is loose, toughness is not enough before no longer being, but become general density at 900~1300Kg/m
3, hardness is that 500~5000mm, width are that 100~1300mm, thickness have been the fabulous high-quality section bar of 15~200mm, ageing resistace in 55~120Mpa, section bar specification length, Wood-plastic profiles of the present invention can be used for making furniture, floor, finishing material, building form, structural member, container negative, track sleeper etc.
It only is last advantage of the present invention; Just can make the utilization of China's fast growing tree substantial variation occur; Can promote the popularization of fast-growing woods and improve fast-growing woods operator's economic benefit, promote the benign cycle of wood utilization, can also reduce falling trees wantonly to a certain extent forest.
[specific embodiment]
Below provide a kind of Wood-plastic profiles of the present invention concrete embodiment.Five embodiment are provided altogether, but the invention is not restricted to following examples.
Embodiment 1
The employing willow is a raw material;
Willow is slit into the veneer of thick 0.5mm, long 2000mm through the rotary microtome rotary-cut, places in the industrial saucepan, add an amount of hydrogen peroxide solution again after adding water, make the hydrogen peroxide concentration in the saucepan reach 2%, boiling 45 minutes;
During control water temperature to 60 ℃, take out veneer and shine under being positioned over the sun, make the veneer moisture content be reduced to 8%;
Veneer is contained in the impregnation basket, winches in the impregnation pond, impregnation fills with water-soluble phenolic resin adhesive in the pond, and the solids content of adhesive is 20%, and veneer flooded in water-soluble phenolic resin adhesive 3 minutes, is hung in top, drop glue pond drop glue 45 minutes then;
Veneer behind the drop glue is loaded onto the drying tunnel car send the drying tunnel oven dry to, the temperature of drying tunnel is controlled at 70 ℃, makes the veneer moisture content be reduced to 10%;
Veneer after the oven dry is tiled in and carries out mold pressing in the mould, and the specification of mould is 2000mm * 200mm * 100mm, makes the density of material in the mould reach 1100Kg/m after the pressurization
3
Section bar after the mold pressing is shelved on to solidify in the room together with mould is cured, solidification temperature is 130 ℃, and be 8 hours hardening time;
Cool to room temperature with the furnace after solidifying fully and carry out the demoulding, the section bar after the demoulding is deposited in to be done to discharge internal stress and handles in the balance room, after 10 days Wood-plastic profiles.
Embodiment 2
The employing paulownia is a raw material;
It is that 2mm, length are the veneer of 800mm that paulownia is become thickness through the slicer slicing, places in the industrial saucepan, adds an amount of hydrogen peroxide solution again after adding water, makes that hydrogen peroxide concentration reaches 1% in the saucepan, boiling 50 minutes;
When water temperature controls to 60 ℃, take out to be positioned in the retort and handled 3 hours through the HTHP charing, make the veneer color reach dark brown, these veneers are loaded onto the drying tunnel car send the drying tunnel oven dry to, the temperature of drying tunnel is controlled at 75 ℃, makes the veneer moisture content be reduced to 9%;
Veneer is contained in the impregnation basket, winches in the impregnation pond, impregnation fills with water-soluble phenolic resin adhesive in the pond, and the solids content of adhesive is 17%, and veneer flooded in water-soluble phenolic resin adhesive 4 minutes, is hung in top, drop glue pond drop glue 50 minutes then;
Veneer behind the drop glue is loaded onto the drying tunnel car send the drying tunnel oven dry to, the temperature of drying tunnel is controlled at 70 ℃, makes the veneer moisture content be reduced to 10%;
Veneer after the oven dry is tiled in and carries out mold pressing in the mould, and the specification of mould is 800mm * 300mm * 200mm, makes the density of material in the mould reach 1030Kg/m after the pressurization
3
Section bar after the mold pressing is shelved on to solidify in the room together with mould is cured, solidification temperature is 135 ℃, and be 9 hours hardening time;
Cool to room temperature with the furnace after solidifying fully and carry out the demoulding, the section bar after the demoulding is deposited in to be done to discharge internal stress and handles in the balance room, after 15 days Wood-plastic profiles.
Embodiment 3
Employing is that the leftover bits of the wood-based plate of raw material are raw material with the fast growing wood;
The wood-based plate leftover bits are placed in the industrial saucepan, added the water boiling and remove waste water after 30 minutes, add clear water again and add a little colouring agent and soaked 1 hour, the veneer color is taken on a red color;
Take out veneer and place the beneath solarization of the sun, make the veneer moisture content be reduced to 6%;
Veneer is contained in the impregnation basket, winches in the impregnation pond, impregnation fills with water-soluble phenolic resin adhesive in the pond, and the solids content of adhesive is 19%, and veneer flooded in water-soluble phenolic resin adhesive 5 minutes, is hung in top, drop glue pond drop glue 60 minutes then;
Veneer behind the drop glue is loaded onto the drying tunnel car send the drying tunnel oven dry to, the temperature of drying tunnel is controlled at 70 ℃, makes the veneer moisture content be reduced to 10%;
Veneer after the oven dry is tiled in and carries out mold pressing in the mould, and the specification of mould is 2500mm * 1200mm * 50mm, makes the density of material in the mould reach 1200Kg/m after the pressurization
3
Section bar after the mold pressing is solidified together with mould, and solidification temperature is 135 ℃, and be 4 hours hardening time;
Cool to room temperature with the furnace after solidifying fully and carry out the demoulding, the section bar after the demoulding is deposited in to be done to discharge internal stress and handles in the balance room, after 15 days Wood-plastic profiles.
Embodiment 4
Employing is that the leftover bits of the science and technology wood of raw material are raw material with the fast growing wood;
The leftover bits that science and technology is wooden are positioned in the retort and handled 90 minutes with the HTHP charing through cutting the length that is divided into 1000mm, make veneer independently separately;
The veneer that separates is loaded onto the drying tunnel car send the drying tunnel oven dry to after poach is handled, the temperature of drying tunnel is controlled at 75 ℃, makes the moisture content of veneer be reduced to 7%;
Veneer is contained in the impregnation basket, winches in the impregnation pond, impregnation fills with water-soluble phenolic resin adhesive in the pond, and the solids content of adhesive is 17%, and veneer flooded in water-soluble phenolic resin adhesive 4 minutes, is hung in top, drop glue pond drop glue 50 minutes then;
Veneer behind the drop glue is loaded onto the drying tunnel car send the drying tunnel oven dry to, the temperature of drying tunnel is controlled at 70 ℃, makes the veneer moisture content be reduced to 10%;
Veneer after the oven dry is tiled in and carries out mold pressing in the mould, and the specification of mould is 1000mm * 200mm * 100mm, makes the density of material in the mould reach 1050Kg/m after the pressurization
3
Section bar after the mold pressing is shelved on to solidify in the room together with mould is cured, solidification temperature is at 135 ℃, and be 9 hours hardening time;
Cool to room temperature with the furnace after solidifying fully and carry out the demoulding, the section bar after the demoulding is deposited in to be done to discharge internal stress and handles in the balance room, after 15 days Wood-plastic profiles.
Embodiment 5
Veneer before the mold pressing that will be made by embodiment 1 (being the veneer of drying behind the drop glue) is sawn into the length of 800mm; Arrange in pairs or groups by 1/3 color with veneer before the mold pressing that makes by embodiment 2 (being the veneer of drying behind the drop glue); Be tiled in and carry out mold pressing in the mould; The specification of mould is 800mm * 200mm * 200mm, makes the density of material in the mould reach 1100Kg/m after the pressurization
3
Section bar after the mold pressing is shelved on to solidify in the room together with mould is cured, solidification temperature is at 130 ℃, and be 8 hours hardening time;
Cool to room temperature with the furnace after solidifying fully and carry out the demoulding, the section bar after the demoulding is deposited in to be done to discharge internal stress and handles in the balance room, after 10 days Wood-plastic profiles.