JP2006272691A - Method for manufacturing compressed wood - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To ensure that the quality of a wood derived from a sap component is not impaired, even when the wood is compression-molded, in a method for manufacturing a compressed wood. <P>SOLUTION: In manufacturing a wood molded object, a high-temperature, high-pressure steam 4 generated by a steam generator 32 is jetted to a flat blank 5 from a steam injection aperture 37 and thereby, is softened. Next, under this condition, the flat blank 5 is compression-molded by sliding a core mold 30A and a cavity mold 30, then is demolded from the mold after the mold shape is transferred, and the portion to be cut off/shaped 20a of the molding is removed to obtain a wood molded object. In this case, the steam generator 32 receives a water supply from a water supply pipe 34 and a replenishing agent 2 including at least, the same sap component as contained in the flat blank 5 from a replenishing agent supply pipe 35. Finally, the replenishing agent 2 is added to the flat blank 5 together with the high-temperature, high-pressure steam 4. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing compressed wood.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a compressed wood manufacturing method is known in which wood is compression molded in a state where the wood is softened in an atmosphere of high-temperature and high-pressure steam.
For example, in Patent Document 1, after compressing wood in a direction orthogonal to the wood fiber direction, a plate member cut in a direction along the wood fiber direction is cut out as a blank member, and the blank member is placed in a high-pressure vessel. It describes a three-dimensional processing method of a wood material that is filled with water vapor at 100 to 120 ° C., softened after about 1 hour, and compressed with a press.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-77619 (FIG. 5)

However, the conventional method for producing compressed wood as described above has the following problems.
In the technique described in Patent Document 1, since the blank member is exposed to water vapor at 100 to 120 ° C. for about 1 hour in the high-pressure vessel, the temperature of the wood rises when the water vapor penetrates the wood, and high-temperature moisture is contained inside the wood. Is infiltrated. Therefore, the sap component inside the wood starts to dissolve in moisture or volatilizes in the air. And when it compresses, the space | gap between wood fibers will shrink | contract, and a sap component will flow out outside with the water which infiltrated the inside of wood. As a result, there is a problem that sap components contained in the blank member are lost or reduced by processing into compressed wood.
The sap component of wood includes various useful essential oil components having antibacterial properties and insect repellents in addition to the scent according to the type of wood. Therefore, when such a sap component is lost or reduced by being compressed, there is a problem that the quality of the wood according to such a sap component is impaired.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the above problems, and provides the manufacturing method of the compressed wood which can prevent the characteristic of the wood originating in a sap component being impaired even if it compression-molds. For the purpose.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention according to claim 1 is a method for producing compressed wood in which the wood is compression-molded in a state where the wood is softened in an atmosphere of high-temperature and high-pressure steam, When the compression molding is performed, a method of adding a replenisher containing at least the same sap component as contained in the wood to the wood.
According to this invention, the component lost or reduced from the wood by being compressed in the atmosphere of high-temperature and high-pressure steam is compressed while being supplemented by a replenisher containing at least the same sap component as contained in the wood. Since it can shape | mold, it becomes possible to adjust component amounts, such as a sap component contained in the shape | molded compressed wood. Therefore, the amount of sap components and the like originally contained in the wood can be maintained, for example, equal to that before compression or increased.

  In the present specification, the high temperature and high pressure of the high temperature and high pressure steam means a temperature higher than 100 ° C. and a high pressure capable of such a state.

The invention according to claim 2 is the method for producing compressed wood according to claim 1, wherein the replenisher is added to the high-temperature high-pressure steam.
According to this invention, since the replenisher is added to the high-temperature high-pressure steam, the replenisher components can be efficiently permeated into the range in which the high-temperature high-pressure steam penetrates. Therefore, the sap component that flows out by the high-temperature and high-pressure steam is balanced with the sap component in the permeating replenisher, and the amount of sap component that flows out from the wood can be reduced.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the compressed wood manufacturing method according to the first or second aspect, the sap component contained in the supplement is extracted from the same type of wood as the wood. .
According to this invention, the sap component extracted from the same type of wood as the wood to be compressed is included in the replenisher, so that the configuration of the sap component contained in the wood can be easily reproduced. Therefore, the characteristics of the wood according to the type of wood can be easily reproduced.

  Here, the same kind of wood means belonging to at least the same species in the biological classification. However, if necessary, for example, the same type in a narrower range where conditions such as a production area, a growing environment, and a cutting time are common may be used.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the method for producing compressed wood according to the third aspect, the sap component is extracted from a condensate that has been squeezed when the same type of wood is compression-molded. To do.
According to this invention, since the sap component is extracted from the condensate extracted when the same kind of wood is compression-molded, the sap component closest to the wood to be compression-molded can be extracted. Therefore, it becomes possible to contain the sap component which shows the characteristic closest to the characteristic of the wood before compression.
In addition, this sap component uses what was extracted from another blank wood of the same kind beforehand.
However, when the compression molding is performed in a plurality of times, the sap component extracted from the blank wood in the first compression step can be used for the second and subsequent compression moldings of the same blank wood. . Further, even when compression molding is performed once, the condensate may be collected during the compression step, extraction of the sap component may be performed in parallel, and may be circulated by adding it to high-temperature and high-pressure steam. In these cases, the same kind of wood is nothing but the same wood.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the method for producing a compressed wood according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the amount of the sap component contained in the added supplement is changed so as to remain in the compressed wood. The composition ratio of the sap component to be made is variable.
According to this invention, since the composition ratio of the sap component remaining in the compressed wood can be varied, the characteristics and characteristics of the wood according to the sap component can be varied.

  According to the method for producing compressed wood of the present invention, it becomes possible to adjust components such as sap components contained in compression-molded compressed wood, and control the amount of sap components originally contained in wood. Therefore, even if it is compression-molded, there is an effect that the characteristics of the wood derived from the sap component can be maintained or emphasized.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The compressed wood manufactured by the method for manufacturing compressed wood according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 1 is a perspective explanatory view for explaining compressed wood according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.

The compressed wood of this embodiment is a high-strength structure having a three-dimensional shape that is relatively thin and formed with a substantially constant thickness. For example, it can be suitably used for a box having one opening, a casing, a container, a plate-like or shell-like cover, an exterior body, and the like.
The three-dimensional shape may be any shape as long as it is a plate-like or shell-like three-dimensional shape whose cross-sectional shape changes along one direction, but in the following, for simplicity, as shown in FIG. A simple box-shaped wood molded product 1 (compressed wood) will be described as an example.

The wood molded product 1 has four side surface portions 1b, 1c, 1d, and 1e extending slightly obliquely outward from the periphery of the bottom portion 1a that is rectangular in plan view, and a substantially rectangular upper opening upward. It is a box-shaped structure having a portion 1f, and is a member manufactured by compression molding wood. In the present embodiment, opening side end portions 1g aligned in substantially the same plane are formed at the end portions of the side surface portions 1b, 1c, 1d, and 1e. Hereinafter, the concave portion in the range inside the upper opening 1f is referred to as an inner surface 1A, and the back side of the inner surface is referred to as an outer surface 1B (see FIG. 2).
The wood fiber extends in a direction parallel to the side portions 1b and 1d.

  The bottom portion 1a and the side surface portions 1b, 1c, 1d, and 1e may have different plate thicknesses, but in the present embodiment, they have a constant thickness t. The height from the bottom 1a of the wood molded product 1 to the upper opening 1f is H. Here, H> t. Specific examples of dimensions include dimensions such as t = 1.6 mm and H = 8 mm. In this case, the height H is 5 times the thickness t, and the depth of the box shape is 4 times the thickness t. That is, the thickness of the wood molded product 1 is thinner than the height and depth of the box.

The kind of wood of the wood molded product 1 is not particularly limited. For example, hinoki, hiba, paulownia, teak, mahogany, cedar, pine, cherry blossom, bamboo and the like can be suitably employed. However, the wood molded product 1 is manufactured so that the characteristics derived from the sap component of the wood among the characteristics of the wood of the base material before compression are not deteriorated as compared with those before compression.
Wood contains moisture and sap components in the voids of the woody fibers, and thereby has various characteristics according to the type of wood, such as color, fragrance, antibacterial property, insect repellent and the like.

For example, cypress is known as wood with a unique scent, but the cause of the scent is various essential oil components contained as sap components in the wood, and these essential oil components have antibacterial action. Yes. For this reason, cypress has long been used as an excellent building wood with high durability.
Examples of other wood having antibacterial properties include Hiba, Nezuko, Tahihi (common name for Taiwan Hinoki), Eucalyptus, and the like.

The essential oil components having antibacterial properties are diverse, but in the case of hinoki, for example, monoterpenes such as camphene and α-pinene, and sesquiterpenes such as casinoal and hinokiol, etc., and the synergistic action of these terpenes It is said that it has antibacterial action.
In addition, hiba contains tyuopsen, sesquiterpene, hinokitiol, β-drabrin, and the like, and it is said that hinokitiol and β-drabrin provide strong antibacterial properties.
These cypress and hiba have been confirmed to have sufficient corrosion resistance especially in various old buildings, and are known to have a very excellent antibacterial action.
In addition, although insect repellent action (act that prevents specific insects from approaching) and antibacterial action are different, generally wood having an insect repellent action often has some antibacterial action.

  The nature of wood derived from such sap components of wood depends on the amount of those components. Therefore, in the conventional manufacturing method in which the base material is softened with high-temperature and high-pressure steam when compression molding is performed, the sap component is discharged together with the high-temperature and high-pressure steam during the compression process, so that the amount of wood is reduced by that amount. The characteristics of were lost.

In the compressed wood manufacturing method according to the embodiment of the present invention, the wood properties are not deteriorated by compressing the wood molded product 1 while adding a replenisher. In the following, a case where the material of the wood molded product 1 is cypress will be described as an example.
3 (a), 3 (b), and 3 (c) are schematic process descriptions in cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1 for explaining a method for manufacturing a compressed wood according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
The manufacturing method of the wood molded product 1 includes a blank manufacturing process, a compression molding process, and a shaping process.

A blank manufacturing process is a process of cutting out the blank flat plate 5 (wood) as a blank member from an uncompressed base material.
The blank flat plate 5 is a flat plate having a thickness T cut out into a substantially rectangular shape slightly larger than the developed shape of the wood molded product 1. The direction of the wood fiber is set so as to extend in a direction substantially orthogonal to the plate thickness direction.
As the thickness T, for example, a thickness such as T = 3 · t can be adopted.

In the compression molding step, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the blank flat plate 5 is compression molded using the core mold 30 </ b> A and the cavity mold 30 </ b> B while adding the replenisher 2. Is a step of forming.
The core mold 30A and the cavity mold 30B are respectively formed with a mold surface 30a and a mold surface 30b that are processed into a shape for transferring a three-dimensional shape in order to form the wood molded product 1.
The core mold 30A and the cavity mold 30B are housed in a pressure vessel 31 for maintaining the internal atmosphere at high temperature and high pressure.
Then, the blank flat plate 5 is set between the core mold 30A and the cavity mold 30B.

The pressure vessel 31 is provided with a steam injection port 37 and a drainage port 40.
The steam injection port 37 is connected to the steam generator 32 by a steam supply pipe 36, and injects the high-temperature and high-pressure steam 4 generated by the steam generator 32 into a space between the core mold 30A and the cavity mold 30B. Is for.
The steam generator 32 mixes the water 3 supplied from the water supply pipe 34 and the replenisher 2 supplied from the replenisher supply pipe 35 to form the high-temperature high-pressure steam 4 from the mixed liquid, and the steam injection port 37 is injected through.

The replenisher 2 is added to the blank flat plate 5 during compression molding to supplement or reinforce components that are easily lost from the blank flat plate 5, and at least the sap of wood of the same type as the blank flat plate 5. Contains ingredients.
For example, in order to supplement or reinforce the antibacterial action of cypress, terpenes such as camphene and terpene such as α-pinene contained in cypress or sesquiterpenes such as casinol and hinokiol are included.
Such sap components can simply be extracted by appropriate means from wood belonging to the same species in the biological classification (same type wood) depending on the nature of the wood to which it relates.
On the other hand, for example, regarding the characteristics of timber, which is often affected by differences in timber production area, growth environment, growth state, etc., the same type of timber should be extracted from the same production area, the same environment, and felled timber at the same time. Is preferred. In particular, in order to compensate for the sap component itself lost from the blank flat plate 5, it is preferable to extract the blank flat plate 5 from the base material cut out.
In addition, if possible, it is economical to extract wood from which sap components are extracted from wood chips, mill ends, thinned wood, waste wood, and the like, which is also preferable for environmental protection.
As the extraction method, any appropriate means can be adopted depending on the characteristics of the component to be extracted. For example, means such as elution, pressing, centrifugation, and dry distillation can be employed.

  The drainage port 40 collects the condensate 6 condensed with the high-temperature and high-pressure steam 4 including the replenisher 2 injected to the blank flat plate 5 through the steam injection port 37 and discharges it to the outside of the pressure vessel 31. The liquid recovery pipe 39 is connected to the drainage processor 33.

The drainage processor 33 sucks the condensate 6 in the pressure vessel 31 from the drainage port 40, removes dust and the like through, for example, a filtration filter, and concentrates and separates the components of the condensate 6 as necessary. It is a mechanism for doing. The surplus replenisher 2 that has not been absorbed by the blank flat plate 5 and the sap component that has newly flown out of the blank flat plate 5 can be recovered and discharged into the treatment liquid discharge pipe 38 as the treatment liquid 7.
Examples of the means for separating the condensate 6 include a means for evaporating unnecessary water and concentrating it, and a means for separating undissolved components based on a difference in specific gravity.
The processing liquid 7 taken out from the processing liquid discharge pipe 38 can be reused as the replenisher 2.

In the compression molding process, first, as shown in FIG. 3A, the blank flat plate 5 is set between the core mold 30A and the cavity mold 30B. Then, at least one of the core mold 30A and the cavity mold 30B is slid in one direction, and the blank flat plate 5 is compressed in the vertical direction in the figure so as to have a wall thickness t (see FIG. 3B).
At this time, in order to soften the blank flat plate 5, compression is performed while injecting high-temperature high-pressure steam 4.
The high-temperature high-pressure steam 4 is mixed with the water 3 supplied from the water supply pipe 34 and the replenisher 2 supplied from the replenisher supply pipe 35 in the steam generator 32, for example, about 180 ° C. to 200 ° C. Formed as water vapor containing the replenisher 2. And it injects toward the blank flat plate 5 between the core metal mold | die 30A and the cavity metal mold | die 30B through the vapor | steam injection port 37. FIG.
At that time, the core mold 30A and the cavity mold 30B are also preferably heated to the same temperature.

  During this time, the blank flat plate 5 is softened by the high-temperature and high-pressure steam 4 containing the replenisher 2 and the sap components in the material flow out as the compression proceeds, but the sap flows out into the sequentially injected high-temperature and high-pressure steam 4. Since the components are contained, the penetration and outflow of the sap components and the like can be balanced at an appropriate level by adjusting the components and concentration of the replenisher 2. That is, the outflow amount and the new infiltration amount can be made equal, or the infiltration amount can be relatively higher than the outflow amount.

In this way, after the slide to the thickness t, the mold clamping is held until the shape of the mold surface is transferred and fixed (see FIG. 3B). The mold clamping is held for a predetermined time as it is, the moisture is dried, and then the mold is removed.
In this way, the molded member 20 shown in FIG. 3C is obtained.

The shaping step is a step of forming the opening side end 1g of the wood molded product 1 by cutting the cut shaping portion 20a which is the opening side end of the molded member 20 by cutting.
That is, the forming member 20 is set on, for example, a milling machine, and the cutting and shaping portion 20a extending to a range equal to or higher than the height H from the outer surface 1B is cut by cutting.
In this way, a wood molded article 1 as shown in FIG. 1 is formed.

Next, the operation of the compressed wood manufacturing method of this embodiment and the wood molded product 1 manufactured thereby will be described.
According to the wood molded product 1, the sap component that is lost in the conventional method for producing compressed wood is added as the supplement 2 in the compression molding process, so that the characteristics of the wood derived from the sap component etc. are after compression. However, it can be prevented from being damaged.
For example, when the wood molded product 1 is cypress, an essential oil component having antibacterial action contained in cypress is added as the replenisher 2, so that the antibacterial action can be prevented from being impaired even when compression molded. Therefore, an antibacterial member derived from a natural material, for example, a box, a casing, a container, a cover, an exterior body, or the like is obtained while having strength necessary for an industrial product.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, since the replenisher 2 is added together with the injection of the high-temperature high-pressure steam 4, the replenisher 2 is efficiently added to the inside of the wood as compared with the case where the replenisher 2 is added before and after the injection of the high-temperature high-pressure steam 4. There is an advantage that you can.

Next, a first modification of the present embodiment will be described.
In this modification, the processing liquid 7 collected from the processing liquid discharge pipe 38 is returned to the replenisher supply pipe 35 so that the sap components contained in the replenisher 2 and the blank flat plate 5 are recycled.
If it does in this way, since the sap component contained in the blank flat plate 5 can be reused in the compression molding process of the blank flat plate 5, the sap component close to the composition ratio of the sap component before the compression of the blank flat plate 5 is contained in the wood molded product 1. There is an advantage that can be left in.

  When implementing this modification, it is preferable that the time required for the compression molding process is sufficiently longer than the treatment time by the drainage treatment device 33.

Next, a second modification of the present embodiment will be described.
In this modification, the compression molding process is a case where the molded member 20 is finally formed by compressing the blank flat plate 5 in a plurality of times, such as primary compression and secondary compression. Thus, the condensate 6 containing the sap component collected by the drainage processor 33 in the preceding compression molding process is reused in the subsequent compression molding process.
In this way, even when the processing time by the drainage processor 33 is relatively long, processing can be performed between a plurality of compression molding steps, so that more efficient processing can be performed. For example, the following compression molding process is performed by performing processing such as removing impurities, measuring the composition ratio of the sap components in the treated liquid 7 after treatment, and adjusting the concentration degree. The composition ratio of the condensate 6 to be reused can be optimized.

In addition, in said description, it demonstrated by the example in the case of the thin wood molded product which has a three-dimensional shape as compressed wood. When having such a shape, since the surface area is large compared to the volume, the sap component is easily lost in the compression process, so the present invention is a particularly preferred example, but the wood is softened with high-temperature high-pressure steam. If it is a manufacturing method to compress, the shape of compressed wood will not be limited to this. For example, it may be a compressed wood such as a plate or square.
Further, as the wood, it is also possible to use not only mulberry wood but also a woody material such as a compression-processed material obtained by collecting and hardening waste chips and wood powder.

In the above description, the replenisher has been described as being mixed with high-temperature high-pressure steam and added. However, if it is added when jetting high-temperature high-pressure steam, it can be added so as to compensate for the outflow. It is not necessary to mix with high-pressure steam. For example, only the replenisher may be supplied by another supply mechanism and supplied in parallel with the high-temperature high-pressure steam. Further, a replenisher supply port may be provided in the mold, and supplied separately from the high-temperature and high-pressure steam during the compression molding process.
Moreover, although the high-temperature high-pressure steam containing the replenisher was sprayed toward the blank flat plate, the present invention is not limited to this, and by injecting it into an arbitrary space in the pressure vessel, the pressure vessel has a high-temperature high-pressure steam atmosphere containing the replenisher. It only has to be.

  In the above description, the case where the flat blank flat plate 5 is used as the blank member has been described. For example, in order to efficiently form a deeper three-dimensional shape or a more complicated three-dimensional shape, the blank member Alternatively, a member having a three-dimensional shape substantially along the mold surface and having a compression allowance in the thickness direction may be used.

  In the above description, the replenisher is described as being extracted from the same type of wood, but when a specific chemical composition of the sap component is specified, a corresponding agent may be added. Further, if possible, the replenisher may be composed of only such a drug.

In the above description, the replenisher has been described as supplementing or reinforcing a sap component that is easily lost from the wood, but a component relating to the nature of the wood can be added as necessary.
For example, even a component that is not lost by high-temperature and high-pressure steam may be blended as necessary, or may be blended in a larger ratio than originally contained. Moreover, it is not necessary to mix | blend even if it is a component which is lost, if it is not necessary. Moreover, when extracting from a condensate and forming a replenisher, you may make it remove an unnecessary component, for example, an odor component.
In this way, since at least the sap component is contained, the characteristics of the wood are not lost, and the characteristics of the wood can be emphasized or suppressed as necessary. Therefore, there exists an advantage that the compressed wood provided with the characteristic of the wood according to the use can be manufactured easily.

It is a perspective explanatory view for explaining compressed wood concerning an embodiment of the present invention. It is AA sectional drawing of FIG. It is typical process explanatory drawing of the cross sectional view in alignment with the AA of FIG. 1 for demonstrating the manufacturing method of the compressed wood which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1 Wood molded products (compressed wood)
2 Replenisher 4 High-temperature high-pressure steam 5 Blank flat plate (wood)
6 Condensate 7 Treatment liquid 20 Molding member 30A Core mold (mold)
30B Cavity mold (mold)
31 Pressure vessel 32 Steam generator 33 Drainage treatment unit 35 Replenisher supply pipe 36 Steam supply pipe 37 Steam injection port 38 Treatment liquid discharge pipe 39 Drainage recovery pipe 40 Drainage port

Claims (5)

A compressed wood manufacturing method for compressing and molding the wood in a state where the wood is softened in an atmosphere of high temperature and high pressure steam,
A method for producing a compressed wood, wherein a replenisher containing at least the same sap component as contained in the wood is added to the wood when the compression molding is performed.   The method for producing compressed wood according to claim 1, wherein the replenisher is added to the high-temperature and high-pressure steam.   The method for producing compressed wood according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sap component contained in the supplement is extracted from the same type of wood as the wood.   The said sap component is extracted from the condensed liquid squeezed when the said same kind of timber is compression-molded, The manufacturing method of the compressed wood of Claim 3 characterized by the above-mentioned.   5. The composition ratio of the sap component remaining in the compressed wood can be varied by changing the amount of the sap component contained in the added replenisher. Of compressed wood production.

Images