JPH10111130A - Target for center coordinate measurement - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a target for center coordinate measurement wherein a process temporarily assembling a bridge member is omitted and work efficiency can be improved. SOLUTION: A target for measurement 10 for measuring a distance between hole centers provided at a prescribed position of a long member is provided with a target body 13 integrally forming a hole engagement part 11 engaged with a hole provided in a hole and an engagement part 12 abutting on the circumferential part of the hole, and a recurrent reflection face 16 provided with an index corresponding the hole center. The recurrent reflection face 16 is disposed so that it is inclined around a horizontal pivot on a target body 13, and the index corresponding to the hole center is positioned on the same face as the surface of the long member in which the hole is formed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a target for surveying, and in particular, in measuring a bridge member, obtains a three-dimensional coordinate of the measuring point by arranging the target at the measuring point and collimating by a distance measuring angle horn. The present invention relates to a center coordinate measuring target.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, in order to complete a bridge,
First, design data of a bridge member constituting the bridge is created, a bridge member is created based on the data, the bridge member is measured with a tape measure or a caliper, and the difference between the design data and the measurement data is determined. To correct the bridge members.

In order to measure a bridge member, a work is performed using a tape measure or a caliper as described above. At this time, as shown in FIG. 14, in order to measure the center distance 1 between the plurality of bolt holes 121, for example, 121a and 121b, a total length L is measured using a tape measure first, and then, as shown in FIG. The distances l ₁ and l ₂ from the bridge end 122 to the centers of the bolt holes 121a and 121b are measured with calipers, and the distance between the bridge end 122 and the bolt hole 121a is determined based on the length between the bridge ends 122 and 122. seeking distance l between the bolt holes 121a, 121b around by subtracting the distance l ₂ between l ₁ and bridges end 122 and the bolt hole 121b.

[0004] The difference between the measurement data and the design data obtained as described above is determined, and the bridge member modified as necessary is further temporarily assembled to specify an inconsistent portion, and the bridge member is identified. Had been modified. The temporarily assembled bridge members were dismantled and then transported to the site for actual assembly work.

[0005]

In a conventional measuring operation of a bridge member, since a tape measure or a caliper is used for the measurement, the measurement accuracy is low, and it is difficult to measure a long distance, so that an accurate value is measured. It was impossible. Furthermore, since the measuring operation is manual, there is a disadvantage that efficiency cannot be improved.

Further, since each bridge member is a very large member, a large assembling space is required to perform a temporary assembly in an actual state with these bridge members, and the assembling and disassembling are extensive and time consuming. However, there is a disadvantage that it needs to be performed.

An object of the present invention is to provide a target for central coordinate measurement which can improve the working efficiency by omitting a step of temporarily assembling bridge members.

[0008]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a target for measuring center coordinates, which is a measurement target for measuring a distance between centers of holes provided at predetermined positions of a long member,
The measurement target is provided with a target main body integrally formed with a hole engaging portion that engages with the hole provided in the long member and an engaging portion that abuts on a peripheral portion of the hole, and the hole center corresponding index is provided. A retroreflective surface, wherein the retroreflective surface is disposed so as to be tiltable around a horizontal support axis in the target body, and the hole center corresponding index is a surface of the elongated member in which the hole is formed. It is characterized by being located on the same plane.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a target for measuring center coordinates, comprising: a step of creating design data of a bridge member; a step of creating a bridge member based on the design data created in the step; A step of creating measurement data of the member, and a step of determining the difference between the measurement data of the bridge member and the design data, wherein the target is a target of the created bridge member. A retroreflective surface arranged in the hole and tiltably disposed on the target main body is opposed to a distance measuring goniometer, and the retroreflective surface is collimated by a distance measuring goniometer, and a tertiary reflection at the center of the hole is obtained. It is characterized by obtaining original coordinates.

The retroreflective surface in the first and second aspects has a pair of axes, and a line connecting the centers of the axes is a surface of the elongated member in which the retroreflective surface and the hole are formed. It is good to be located on the same plane as.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A center coordinate measuring target 10 according to the present invention has a hole 21 provided at a predetermined position of a long member.
Target 1 for measuring center coordinates for measuring the distance between centers
0. The center coordinate measuring target 10 includes a target body 13 and a retroreflective surface 16 provided with a hole center correspondence index 16c. The retroreflective surface 16 is disposed on the target body 13 so as to be tiltable around a horizontal support axis. At this time, the hole center corresponding index 16c is the hole 21
Are located on the same plane as the surface of the elongated member on which the is formed.

In the measurement of the bridge member 20, instead of the conventional manual operation using a tape measure or a caliper, an origin and a second measurement point of coordinates are arbitrarily specified, and a three-dimensional coordinate system is set. The coordinates of the measurement point from the origin can be obtained by collimating the retroreflective surface 16 of the target 10 for central coordinate measurement arranged at the measurement point by the square 30, and accurate measurement data of the bridge member can be calculated.

The bridge member 20 obtained as described above
The difference is determined by comparing the measured data at the design stage with the design data at the design stage, and the bridge member 20 is corrected. Therefore, there is no need to temporarily assemble the bridge member 20 and further check the consistency of the bridge member 20, and the temporary assembling step can be omitted,
Work efficiency can be improved.

[0014]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The members, arrangements, and the like described below do not limit the present invention, and can be variously modified within the scope of the present invention.

1 to 13 show an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a target for measuring central coordinates, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the target for measuring central coordinates, and FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the target for central coordinate measurement, FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of a retroreflective surface, FIG. 6 is a view as viewed from G in FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of a leaf spring. 8 and 9 are explanatory diagrams showing a use state of the target for central coordinate measurement, FIGS. 10 and 12 are explanatory diagrams showing a measuring method using the target for central coordinate measurement, and FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of a portion H in FIG. FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing measurement points in measurement.

The target 10 for measuring the center coordinates of this embodiment is:
It is for measuring three-dimensional coordinates of measuring points on the long member, and includes a hole engaging portion 11, an engaging portion 12 formed integrally with the hole engaging portion and forming a target body 13, and a recursive member. The reflection surface 16 is a main component.

The long member in this embodiment is a bridge member 20 made of H steel constituting a bridge or the like. As shown in FIG. 10, a plurality of holes for inserting bolts required at the time of assembly are provided at the end. 21 are provided.

As shown in FIG. 1, the hole engaging portion 11 of the target 10 for measuring the central coordinates of this embodiment is
Of the bridge member 2
The hole 21 is formed so as to be able to fit into the hole 21.

As shown in FIG. 4, a tapered portion 11a is provided at the end of the hole engaging portion 11 on the side where the hole 21 of the bridge member 20 is fitted. It is configured so that it can be easily fitted into the device.

The engaging portion 12 of the center coordinate measuring target 10 of this embodiment is formed integrally with the hole engaging portion 11, and is concentric with the hole 21 and the hole engaging portion 11, as shown in FIG. A portion 12b of a circle 12a having a diameter larger than that of the hole engaging portion 11 is formed by cutting out a portion 12b, and has a notched end portion 12c. Let C be the center of this circle 12a.

Since the diameter of the engaging portion 12 is formed to be larger than the diameter of the hole engaging portion 11, the engaging portion 12 is engaged at the peripheral edge of the hole 21 so as not to be buried in the hole 21 of the bridge member 20. By stopping, the target main body 13 is engaged at the periphery of the hole 21 of the bridge member 20.

The engaging portion 12 of this embodiment has an opening 12d. The opening 12d is larger than the diameter of the hole engaging portion 11 by leaving a width X on both sides at the notch end 12c. Is formed with a slightly smaller width A and a depth B slightly smaller than the diameter of the hole engaging portion 11.

A hole (not shown) for screwing a screw is formed in the periphery of the opening 12d, and a screw 14 is screwed into this hole. When the screws 14 are screwed together, the holes connecting the centers of the screws 14
It is formed so as to pass through the center C of the circle 12a.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
2 has an edge 12e with a diameter larger than the circle 12a
Are formed. This edge 12e is the target body 1
This is for preventing the operator's finger from catching the finger 3 when it is held by hand and making it less slippery, so that the target body 13 can be easily fitted into the circular hole 21.

Further, a magnet 19 is provided on the engaging portion 12. The magnet 19 is a permanent magnet, and is disposed so as to be equidistant in the circumferential direction on the engaging surface with the peripheral portion of the hole 21 of the bridge member 20 in the engaging portion 12, and is exposed from the engaging portion 12. The target body 13 is fixed to the bridge member 20 by magnet.

As shown in FIG. 4, the target body 13 comprising the hole engaging portion 11 and the engaging portion 12 has the frame 1
The target plate 16 to be described later is connected to the second opening 12d.
A hollow portion 15 in which a is disposed is formed. Hollow part 15
The hollow portion 15a and the hollow portion 15b having different sizes are formed continuously. The hollow portion 15a is continuous from the opening 12d and extends from the inside of the engaging portion 12 to the inside of the hole engaging portion. It is formed with a depth D.

The hollow portion 15b is formed in the hole engaging portion 11 continuously from the hollow portion 15a, and has a width A 'smaller than the width A of the opening 12d and the opening A. Depth B 'smaller than 12d depth B
It is formed with. The hollow portion 15b is formed so that the depth D 'of the entire hollow portion does not penetrate the hole engaging portion 11.

In the hollow portion 15, the hollow portion 15b is formed smaller than the hollow portion 15a.
A step 15 is formed at the boundary between the hollow portion 15a and the hollow portion 15b.
c is formed.

Further, a groove 15d is provided on the inner wall of the hollow portion 15a as shown in FIG. The groove 15d is for arranging a horizontal support shaft 17, 17 to be described later, and is formed adjacent to the screw hole of the screw 14 with a width Y between the opening 12d of the engaging portion 12 and the step 15c. Have been. At this time, the groove 15d is formed so as to be bisected in the width direction by a straight line connecting the two screw holes.

A leaf spring 18 is provided in the groove 15d. The leaf spring 18 is fixed to the screw 14 of the engaging portion 12 as shown in FIG.
The end 18a is formed to be larger than the hole of the screw 14 so as to be fixed by the screw 14, and a length continuously formed from the end 18a. It is composed of a main body 18b having a length and an end 18c formed continuously from the main body 18b. The horizontal support shafts 17 are pressed against each other. A hole (not shown) having the same diameter as the hole of the screw 14 is formed in the end 18a.

Then, the end portion 18a of the leaf spring 18 is
2 and screw the main body 18b into the groove 15
It is arranged along d. At this time, the end 18c is disposed so as to face the hollow portion 15 side.

Next, the retroreflective surface 16 in this embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 5, the retroreflective surface 16 is formed by attaching a reflective prism sheet to a rectangular target plate 16a, and the reflective prism sheet is provided with a hole center corresponding index 16b.

The target plate 16a in this example is formed in a rectangular shape with a side E having a width substantially equal to the width A 'of the hollow portion 15b and a side F having a length smaller than the depth D' of the hollow portion 15. It has horizontal support shafts 17 at two locations around it.

The horizontal support shafts 17 of this embodiment are formed so as to be parallel to the side E of the target plate 16a. Also,
The horizontal support shafts 17, 17 are formed to have substantially the same width as the width Y of the groove 15d, and are configured to fit into the groove 15d without any gap. When the horizontal support shafts 17 are arranged in the grooves 15d, the end portions 17a of the respective horizontal support shafts 17
It is formed in such a length that there is no gap between the groove and the groove 15d. Further, the longitudinal center lines of the horizontal support shafts 17 are formed so as to coincide with a line connecting the two screws 14.

FIG. 6 is a G view of the target plate 16a in FIG. As shown in FIG.
, The line connecting the centers of the two screws 14 is a hole center corresponding index 16 of the target plate 16a.
It is formed so as to coincide with the surface on the side forming b.

The reflecting prism sheet of this embodiment is a flexible transparent reflector in which micro prisms are densely formed, and has a property of directly reflecting incident light in the incident direction.

The hole center correspondence index 16b provided on the smooth surface of the reflection prism sheet is the hole center correspondence index 16b.
b comprises a crosshair 16c and a circle 16d. Then, a retroreflective surface 16 is formed by attaching a reflective prism sheet to the target plate 16a. At this time, the reflection prism sheet is the index 1 corresponding to the hole center attached to the reflection prism sheet.
When the target plate 16a is placed on the target body 13, the center of the crosshair 16c of 6b is arranged so as to be flush with the surface of the bridge member 20 in which the holes 21 are formed.

The cross line 16c of the hole center correspondence index 16b
The center is the horizontal axis 17,
17 are arranged at the same distance from the ends 17a, 17a.

Next, the retroreflective surface 16 is moved to the target body 13.
To form a center coordinate measurement target 10, and attach the center coordinate measurement target 10 to the hole 2 of the bridge member 20.
The method of arranging the elements on the first position will be described.

First, the target plate 16 a to which the reflective prism sheet constituting the retroreflective surface 16 is adhered is positioned in the hollow portion 15 of the target main body 13. At this time, the horizontal support shafts 17, 17 formed on the target plate 16a are
And is arranged on the step 15c.

Then, the horizontal support shafts 17, 17 are pressed against and held by the end 18c of the leaf spring 18 provided in the groove 15d and the step 15c.

The side E of the target plate 16a has a hollow portion 15b.
Is substantially the same as the width A ′ of the target plate 16a.
The target plate 16a is held by sliding with the inner peripheral wall of FIG.

Since the target plate 16a of the target body 13 is configured as described above,
5c is disposed so as to be tiltable by horizontal support shafts 17 and 17 on 5c.

At this time, the surface on the side of the target plate 16a on which the hole center corresponding index 16b is formed and the line connecting the centers of the two screws 14 are formed so as to coincide with each other. That is, the center C of the circle 12a is located on the hole center correspondence index 16b. Since the circle 12a is concentric with the hole 21 in the bridge member 20, the center of the hole 21 is located on the hole center correspondence index 16c.

The cross line 16c of the hole center correspondence index 16b
Is on the same plane as the surface of the bridge member 20 in which the hole 21 is formed, and the center of the cross hair 16c is
Since they are formed so as to be located at the same distance from the respective end portions 17a, 17a of the cross-sections 7 and 17,
The center coincides with the center of the hole 21 of the bridge member 20.

In FIG. 13, the center of the hole 21 of the bridge member 20 is shown as a measurement point P. The three-dimensional coordinates of the measuring point P are obtained by collimating the target 10 for measuring the center coordinates of the present example, and the distance between two measuring points on the bridge member 20 is calculated from the three-dimensional coordinates.

As shown in FIG. 10, the bridge member 20 in this embodiment is measured by using a distance measuring angle finder 30. The range finder 30 of this example measures a distance by using a light wave by a phase difference between the reflected light and the reference light. The collimating axis is coaxial. The elevation angle and the horizontal angle are measured by a measurement encoder. A CPU is built in the distance measuring angle finder 30, and the obtained measured values are corrected according to weather conditions and the like, and the measured distance is digitally displayed. In addition, the distance measuring angle finder 30 is mounted on a tripod 31.

First, the rangefinder 30 is placed on the tripod 31 to perform leveling work. And target 1 for center coordinate measurement
0 is engaged with the hole 21 of the bridge member 20,
To face. At this time, the center coordinate measuring target 10
The retroreflective surface 16 is directed to the distance measuring and angle measuring device 30 side.

At this time, the target 10 for measuring the central coordinates in the present embodiment is a bridge member since the retroreflective surface 16 is disposed so as to be tiltable by the horizontal support shaft 17 in the hollow portion 15 in the target 13. The retroreflective surface 16 can be set at any angle, regardless of which of the holes 21 on the center 20 the center coordinate measurement target 10 is set, so that the retroreflection surface 16 can be opposed to the distance measurement angle finder 30.

The reflected light from the retroreflective surface 16 of the center coordinate measuring target 10 disposed on the bridge member 20 as described above is received by the distance measuring angle square 30 and the three-dimensional coordinates of the center coordinate measuring target 10 are received. That is, the center coordinates of the hole are measured.

Next, a description will be given of a measuring method for the bridge member 20 using the target 10 for measuring center coordinates having the above configuration.

First, the target 10 for measuring the central coordinates to be measured is positioned in another hole 21. The center coordinates of each of the three-dimensional coordinates of the center coordinate measurement target 10, i.e. holes _{21 (x 1, y 1,} z 1) and (x _2, y _2,
z ₂ ) were measured, and the hole 21 was determined from these three-dimensional coordinates.
Can be calculated by the following equation.

[0053]

(Equation 1)

In this way, several measuring points are set on the bridge member 20, and the center coordinate measuring targets 1 arranged at the measuring points are arranged.
By collimating 0 with the distance measuring angle gyroscope 30, the position data of the collimated measuring point can be captured in a three-dimensional coordinate system, and the distance between the measuring points 2 can be obtained by coordinate calculation.

In the above embodiment, an example was shown in which the target plate 16a constituting the retroreflective surface 16 was rectangular.
A circular or other free shape may be used as long as it can be tilted in the hollow portion 15.

In the above embodiment, an example in which three magnets 19 are provided in the engaging portion 12 has been described. However, the number is not limited to three but may be one or more.

In the above-described embodiment, an example in which the hollow portion 15 does not penetrate the target body 13 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the hollow portion 15 may penetrate.

The hole 21 which is a bolt hole on the bridge member 20 in the above embodiment is not limited to a circular hole, but may be any shape such as an ellipse or a polygon into which the target 10 for measuring center coordinates can be fitted. It may be formed in a shape.

Next, the flow from the measurement of the bridge member by the above embodiment to the completion of the bridge will be described.

First, bridge members 2 required for bridge construction
Then, the design data for 0 is created, and the bridge member 20 is created based on the design data.

Next, the target 10 for measuring the central coordinates is arranged in the hole 21 of the bridge member 20, and the retroreflective surface 16 of the target 10 for measuring the central coordinates is measured by the distance measuring angle finder 80.
And the three-dimensional coordinate value at the center of the hole 21 is obtained to create measurement data of the bridge member 20.

Then, the difference is determined by comparing the design data with the measurement data. If the design data differs from the measurement data, the bridge member 20 is modified as needed.

By determining the difference using the above measurement data, the bridge member 20 is temporarily assembled and the bridge member 2 is further assembled.
It is not necessary to check the consistency of 0, and the temporary assembly process can be omitted. And the modified bridge member 20
Can be transported directly to the site for actual assembly work.

In the present embodiment, the target 10 for measuring the central coordinates is provided on the bridge
Although the example in which the center distance l between the two holes 21 above is obtained has been described, it is preferably used not only for the bridge member 20 but also for measuring the center distance between the holes 21 of a long member having a plurality of holes 21. be able to.

That is, the target 1 for measuring the center coordinates of this embodiment
0 is used for the measurement system for long members. The measuring system includes a step of creating design data of the long member, a step of creating a long member based on the design data created in this step, and a step of creating measurement data of the created long member. Determining the difference between the measurement data of the long member and the design data.

The center coordinate measuring target 10 of this embodiment is arranged in the hole 21 of the formed long member, and the retroreflective surface 16 arranged to be tiltable on the center coordinate measuring target 10.
Is collimated with the distance measuring angle finder 30 facing, and three-dimensional coordinates at the center of the hole 21 are obtained.

[0067]

As described above, according to the present invention, in measuring the distance between two points on a long member such as a bridge member, a target is used for a bolt hole which is a measuring point, and the target is measured by a distance measuring angle finder. The three-dimensional coordinates in the bolt hole are obtained by collimating the retroreflective surface formed in the above, and an accurate distance between the two measurement points can be obtained from the three-dimensional coordinates. Thus, it is possible to improve the working efficiency by omitting steps such as temporary assembly in the bridge member.

Further, the measurement can be carried out at any time, and if necessary, the measurement can be easily removed and restored to the same position again easily.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a target for central coordinate measurement according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a center coordinate measuring target according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a bottom view of a target for central coordinate measurement according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a target for central coordinate measurement according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a retroreflective surface according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a G view in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing a leaf spring according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a use state of the center coordinate measuring target according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a use state of the target for measuring center coordinates according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a measurement method using the target for central coordinate measurement according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of a portion H in FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing a measuring method using the target for measuring center coordinates according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing measurement points in measurement using a target for measuring center coordinates of a circular hole.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Target for central coordinate measurement 11 Hole engaging part 12 Engaging part 13 Target main body 14 Screw 15 Hollow part 16 Retroreflective surface 17, 17 Horizontal support shaft 18 Leaf spring 19 Magnet 20 Bridge member 21 Hole 30 Distance measuring angle gauge 31 Tripod C Center P Measurement point

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A measurement target for measuring the distance between the centers of holes provided at predetermined positions of a long member, wherein the measurement target is a hole engagement member that engages with the holes provided in the long member. A target body integrally formed with an engagement portion and an engaging portion that abuts on a peripheral portion of the hole; and a retroreflective surface provided with the hole center correspondence index, wherein the retroreflective surface is horizontally supported by the target body. A center coordinate measuring target, which is disposed so as to be tiltable around an axis, and wherein the hole center corresponding index is located on the same surface as the surface of the elongated member in which the holes are formed. A step of creating bridge member design data, a step of creating a bridge member based on the design data created in the step, a step of creating measurement data of the created bridge member, Determining the difference between the measurement data of the bridge member and the design data, wherein the target is disposed in the hole of the bridge member created, and tilts toward the target body. A bridge member characterized in that a retroreflective surface arranged so as to face a distance measuring angle finder, collimates the retroreflective surface with a distance measuring angle finder, and obtains three-dimensional coordinates at the center of the hole. Target for measuring center coordinates for measuring. 3. The retroreflective surface has a pair of axes, and a line connecting the centers of the axes is located on the same plane as the retroreflective surface and the surface of the elongated member in which the hole is formed. 3. The target for measuring center coordinates according to claim 1, wherein: