JP3031832U - Cylindrical target - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [PROBLEMS] Collimation and distance measurement from any direction are possible when it is difficult for a target supporter to approach the target, such as the head of a single steel column. (EN) Provided is a cylindrical target which does not need to correct the direction of the target by following the movement of the rangefinder and is easy to mount. A sheet prism (3) is arranged on the surface of a cylindrical main body (2) formed with a predetermined outer diameter around an axis (1), and a cone is formed on the upper part of the main body so that the axis (1) passes through the tip. A target fixing means 6 for fixing the main body 2 so that the axis 1 passes through the measuring point 5 is provided by arranging the projecting portion 4 having a shape. Further, on the surface of the sheet prism 3, there is provided a reference line 7 which passes through a point on the axis 1 at a predetermined height from the measurement point 5 and is formed on the same plane perpendicular to the axis 1. To do.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

The present invention relates to a target used for three-dimensional surveying by a light-wave rangefinder or the like that uses electronic ranging technology, and in particular, a sheet that facilitates three-dimensional surveying when constructing a single steel frame or the like. It's about improving type targets.

[Technical field to which the device belongs]

[0002]

[Prior art]

 Conventionally, prism reflecting mirrors and sheet prisms are known as targets used for three-dimensional surveying based on the principle of this type of light wave distance measurement.

The prism reflector has a structure in which a prism of a type made by cutting out a part of one end of a glass cube is housed in a cylindrical housing with the cut surface as a front surface, and light is cut from the cut surface. The property of returning light in the same direction as the direction of incidence when applied to a prism is applied to the principle of lightwave distance measurement.

A sheet prism is a type of reflecting mirror that uses a prism formed in the shape of a thin flat plate. Like a prism reflecting mirror, the property that light incident from the front returns in the same direction as the incident direction is measured by optical wave measurement. It is applied to the principle of distance.

Therefore, in a three-dimensional survey that is usually performed by an observer who handles a light-wave rangefinder and a target supporter who handles a prism reflector or a sheet prism, the observer operates a transmitter / receiver device to perform distance measurement. In this case, the target supporter should install the prism reflector or sheet prism as the target at the point to be measured, and the optical wave measurement installed at the cut surface of the prism reflector or the measurement reference point in front of the sheet prism. It is necessary to align the direction of the rangefinder with respect to the light emitting and receiving device with some accuracy.

[0006]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, for example, in three-dimensional surveying at the time of erection of a single steel column, when measuring the position and height of the head of the single steel column, the single steel column is suspended by a crane or the like. While it is necessary to repeat the three-dimensional survey with the light emitting and receiving device in that state and adjust the position and height of the head of the individual steel column based on the measurement results, it is necessary to suspend the individual steel column. In the left-handed state, it is extremely difficult for the target supporter to approach the head of the single steel column where the target should be installed.Therefore, the single steel column is lying before the crane is suspended. At this time, it is necessary to predict the orientation, height, etc. of the single steel column in the suspended state, and to set the direction of the target in advance. Ukiwamete becomes complicated ones.

Even if it is possible to set the target in the correct direction and perform the measurement, if an unexpected obstacle occurs between the target and the light transmitting / receiving device, for example, In the case where materials are piled up between the target and the light transmitter / receiver device and it becomes a blind spot and the light wave range finder has to be moved (which is often the case at construction sites). Not only has to re-center the optical rangefinder and re-install it, but also needs to reset the direction of the target by the amount of movement of the rangefinder. It is also necessary for the worker to once lower the ground to the ground or to rise to the head of a single steel column and reset the target. Since it takes a considerable amount of time to move and install the optical rangefinder, the work efficiency is considerably affected, and the work of climbing and descending a single steel column up to 10 meters or more is required. It carries a considerable risk.

Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and in any direction when it is difficult for the target supporter to approach the target, such as the head of a single steel column. It is possible to provide a cylindrical target which is capable of collimation and distance measurement from the above, and therefore does not need to correct the direction of the target by following the movement of the optical rangefinder and is easy to mount. To aim.

[0009]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 That is, in the cylindrical target according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, a sheet prism 3 is arranged on the surface of a cylindrical main body 2 formed with a predetermined outer diameter around an axis 1, and the main body is A conical projection 4 is provided on the upper part of the axis 2 so that the axis 1 passes through the tip, and target fixing means 6 for fixing the main body 2 so that the axis 1 passes through the measuring point 5 is provided. It is characterized by

In such a technical means, the same shape is formed on the surface of the sheet prism 3 at a predetermined height dimension from the measurement point 5 passing through a point on the axis 1 and perpendicular to the axis 1. It can be provided with a reference line 7 lying on the surface.

In addition to the sheet prism 3, a belt-shaped graduation portion 8 for grasping the amount of left / right deviation can be provided on the surface of the main body portion 2.

Further, the band-shaped scale portion 8 may be black to facilitate collimation from a long distance.

Furthermore, a band-shaped black portion for facilitating collimation from a long distance can be provided on the surface of the main body portion 2 separately from the sheet prism 3.

The protrusion 4 may be black in order to facilitate collimation from a long distance.

Further, the target fixing means 6 may be one in which a reference line is provided on a side surface of a box-shaped installation pedestal.

Furthermore, the installation pedestal may be fixed by magnetic force.

[0017]

[Embodiment of device]

 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory view of a three-dimensional survey using an embodiment of a cylindrical target to which the present invention is applied.

In FIG. 1, a lightwave rangefinder 11 having a telescope 11 a equipped with a collimation axis and a built-in transmitter / receiver (not shown) for measuring distance in the telescope is mounted on a tripod 12. A telescope is used to mount a measurement point (not shown) that has a known coordinate and an elevation other than the measurement reference point P1 and is installed accurately while being centripetal at the measurement reference point P1 whose coordinates are known. By looking back at 11a, the machine height and direction angle of the lightwave rangefinder 11 are recognized by an observer (not shown).

Further, the cylindrical target 13 is attached to the head of the individual steel frame column 15 suspended by a crane (not shown) via a set of wire ropes 14 and is perpendicular to the axis 16 of the individual steel frame column 15. It is attached to the upper surface of the attachment plate 17 which is fixed to another surface. In this embodiment, since the verticality of the individual steel column 15 is corrected while being suspended by the crane, the verticality of the individual steel column 15 can be easily and safely adjusted at the lower end of the individual steel column 15. The adjustment jack 18 is used to improve workability and safety.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the cylindrical target 13 includes a target body 21 that reflects light from the light transmitting / receiving device and a mounting plate 17 provided with a cross S on the target body 21. The magnet base 22 is fixed to the upper surface by magnetic force and is divided into upper and lower parts.

The target body 21 is formed in a cylindrical shape having a predetermined radius dimension of L1 (half the outer diameter dimension) around the axis 23, and the axis 23 is formed on the upper surface of the target body 21. A conical projection 24 that passes through the tip is fixedly provided, and a male screw 25 is provided around the axis 23 on the lower surface of the main body 21.

In addition, in this embodiment, a sheet prism 26, which is a thin sheet-type reflecting mirror, is provided on the surface of the target main body 21 except for the upper end portion, and the surface of the sheet prism 26 is provided. Has a level line 26a drawn on the same plane perpendicular to the axis 23. At the other upper end, a band-shaped black part 27 formed in a band shape on the upper part and a band-shaped black part on the lower part are formed. And a band-shaped scale portion 28 configured as described above.

On the other hand, the magnet base 22 in this embodiment has a box shape in which the surfaces facing each other are arranged in a parallel positional relationship, and the male screw 25 of the target body 21 is provided at the center of the upper surface thereof. A female screw 29 to be screwed is provided, and a magnet chuck 30 is provided on the side surface (front side in the drawing).

A reference line 31 for aligning the positions of the cross mark S and the magnet base 22 which are orthogonal to each other at the center point P2 of the upper surface of the mounting plate 17 is provided at the center of each of the adjacent side surfaces. , 32 are provided.

With the above-mentioned configuration, the cylindrical target 13 according to this embodiment can be easily attached to the head of the single steel column 15 by a target supporter or the like. That is, in the state where the individual steel column 15 before starting the erection work is laid sideways and temporarily placed, the cross mark S drawn on the surface of the mounting plate 17 of the head of the individual steel column 15 and the reference line 31 of the magnet base 22. , 32, and the magnet chuck 30 is turned on, a built-in magnetic force generator (not shown) is activated, so that the lower surface of the magnet base 22 is attracted and fixed to the mounting plate 17 by a magnetic action. It Further, since the sheet prism 26 is arranged over the entire circumference of the cylindrical target body 21, collimation can be performed from any direction around the cylindrical target 13, so that a single steel column is suspended. There is no difficult work such as setting the target direction by predicting the direction, height, etc. of the standing state.

At this time, the axis line 16 of the individual steel frame column 15 passes through the center point P 2 of the surface of the mounting plate 17, and the axis line 23 of the target body 21 passes through the tip of the protrusion 24 provided on the upper surface of the target body 21. Therefore, the axis line 16 of the single steel column 15 and the axis line 23 of the target main body 21 overlap with each other on the same line, and the protrusion tips of the protrusions 24 are arranged on the same line.

Next, with reference to FIGS. 2 and 4, a surveying process of three-dimensional surveying performed by using the optical rangefinder 11 and the cylindrical target 13 at the time of erection of the single steel column 15 will be described. It should be noted that FIG. 4 shows the inside of a circle which is the visible range within the telescope of the optical rangefinder 11 that can be seen by the observer in this surveying process. In addition, as described above, it is assumed that the observer has already recognized the mechanical height and direction angle of the optical rangefinder 11.

(A) Target Collimation First, from two points whose coordinates are known, that is, a measurement point P1 and a measurement point P2 (not shown), the measurement point P1 is the base point and the measurement point P2 is the target point. A certain direction angle is calculated, and the lightwave rangefinder 11 is initially set to the direction angle to be collimated.

Next, the operator of the crane hangs the individual steel frame pillar 15 at a predetermined position of the vertical adjustment jack 18, and at this time, the axis 16 of the lower end portion of the individual steel frame pillar 15 passes through the measurement point P3. After coming into contact with the steel frame receiver 41, it is clamped by the vertical adjustment jack 18 and positioned in this state.

Then, the observer changes only the elevation angle of the telescope 11a of the optical distance measuring instrument 11 while fixing the direction angle so that the cylindrical target 13 is placed within the circle which is the visible range of the telescope 11a. While observing the cylindrical target 13 attached to the head of the individual steel column 15 with the naked eye, the direction of the telescope 11a is roughly aligned. At this time, the black strip 27 and the strip-shaped black portion 27 are formed on the upper end of the target body 21. Since the black protrusions 24 are arranged on the top surface, even if it is difficult to visually recognize the boundary with the space, especially when the background sky is cloudy, By making the part corresponding to the boundary black, the boundary with the space becomes clear, and the effect that can be easily recognized by the naked eye is exhibited.

(B) Horizontal Adjustment Next, the cylindrical target 13 is placed within the visual field of the telescope 11a, and after adjusting the focal length, the horizontal deviation is confirmed, and a single steel column is detected. The operator of the vertical adjustment jack 18 is instructed as to how much the head of 15 should be adjusted to the left or right.

In this case, according to this embodiment, the tip end of the protrusion 24 of the cylindrical target 13 is displaced to the left side from the observer with respect to the vertical line A of the crosshair in the field of view. Not only is it possible to send an instruction to tilt the head of the individual steel column 15 to the right, but it is possible to quantitatively confirm how much the band-shaped scale portion 28 is deviated from the vertical line A. It is possible to send an instruction as to how much the length dimension should be tilted, and improve workability.

Then, when the operator of the vertical adjustment jack 18 operates the jack according to the instruction of the observer to perform the positioning in the left-right direction, the vertical line A in the visual field passes through the tip of the protrusion 24.

(C) Confirmation of horizontal distance Next, the observer uses the telescope 11a to change only the angle of elevation of the level line 26a on the surface of the sheet prism 26, which is displaced downward with respect to the horizontal line B of the crosshair in the field of view. After superposition, the horizontal distance of L2 is measured by the light transmitting / receiving device with the collimation axis C between the vertical line A and the horizontal line B as the target point 42.

That is, when light is emitted from the light transmitting / receiving device, the light is reflected by the sheet prism 26 of the cylindrical target 13, and the intersection 43 of the vertical line of the target point 42 and the measurement point P 1 with the axis 11 b of the telescope 11 a. While traveling a distance twice the distance L4 (see FIG. 2) between the two points and the light source, the light will be returned to the light-transmitting and receiving device again, and the time required for this round trip of light will be measured. The distance L4 between the two points is calculated from the phase difference from the reference light by a CPU (not shown) built in the lightwave distance measuring device.

At this time, the distance L4 between the two points, which is an oblique distance, is converted into the horizontal distance L2, and since the radius dimension L1 of the target body 21 is also known, the distance L2 between the measurement point P1 and the center point P2 is known. The horizontal distance of is easily calculated by the formula L3 = L1 + L2. It should be noted that these calculations are calculated in real time by the CPU as long as the radius dimension L1 of the target main body 21 is input in advance, so that the survey work at the site is made easier.

(D) Adjustment in Front-and-Back Direction Next, the operator of the vertical adjustment jack 18 is instructed as to how the head of the individual steel column 15 should be adjusted in the front-rear direction.

For example, in the case of this embodiment, as a result of comparison between the measured value of the horizontal distance L3 and the planned value, it is found that the observer is inclined backward by a predetermined length dimension. , Send an instruction to the operator of the vertical adjustment jack 18 to tilt it forward by a predetermined length dimension.

Then, the operator of the vertical adjustment jack 18 operates the jack according to the instruction of the observer to move the head of the individual steel column 15 forward, and the positioning is completed.

Although the above surveying process is considered to be sufficient, it is preferable to measure and confirm the horizontal distance L3 again in order to ensure accuracy. In this case, since the level line 26a is again displaced above the horizontal line B in the field of view, the surveying processes of (c) and (d) may be repeated again.

At any stage of the above-mentioned surveying process, even if materials and the like are piled up between the cylindrical target 13 and the telescope 11a and become a blind spot of this, the optical rangefinder 11 has to move. , A new arbitrary coordinate point is provided, the optical rangefinder 11 is moved to that coordinate point, and then the surveying process of (a) to (d) can be performed again. While avoiding inefficient and dangerous work such as resetting the target direction, it is possible to minimize the work interruption in the erection of the single steel column 15.

[0042]

[Effect of device]

 As described above, according to the present invention, the sheet prism is arranged on the surface of the cylindrical main body formed around the axis with a predetermined outer diameter, and the axis is provided above the main body. Since a cone-shaped projection that passes through the tip is provided and target fixing means that fixes the main body so that the axis passes through the measurement point is provided, the target supporter such as the head of a single steel column When it is difficult for the target to approach the target, collimation and range finding can be performed from any direction. Therefore, it is not necessary to correct the direction of the target by following the movement of the optical rangefinder. It is also easy to install.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a basic configuration of a cylindrical target according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an embodiment to which the present invention is applied;
It is explanatory drawing which shows the work outline of dimension measurement.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an embodiment to which the present invention is applied.
It is explanatory drawing which shows the cylindrical target used for dimension measurement.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a surveying process by a lightwave rangefinder using a cylindrical target according to an embodiment to which the present invention is applied.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Axial line 2 ... Main body 3 ... Sheet prism 4 ... Protrusion 5 ... Measuring point 6 ... Target fixing means 7 ... Level line 8 ... Band scale 11 ... Light-wave range finder 11a ... Telescope 12 ... Tripod 13 ... Cylindrical target 14 ... Wire rope 15 ... Single steel frame column 16 ... Axis 17 ... Mounting plate 18 ... Vertical adjustment jack 21 ... Target body 22 ... Magnet base 23 ... Axis 24 ... Projection 25 ... Male screw 26 ... Sheet prism 26a ... Level line 27 ... Belt-like Black portion 28 ... Band-shaped scale portion 29 ... Female screw 30 ... Magnet chuck 31 ... Reference line 41 ... Steel cradle 42 ... Target point 43 ... Intersection point P1 ... Measurement reference point P2 ... Center point P3 ... Measurement point S ... Cross ink L1 ... Long Size

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued Front Page (72) Creator Satoshi Yonekawa 1-25-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Within Taisei Corporation (72) Creator Koji Kida 1-25-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Within Taisei Corporation (72) Inventor Kuniyuki Hosoya, 1-1 1-1 Tomigaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Within Sokia Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Takeshi Ogaku 1-1-1 Tomigaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Within Sokia Corporation (72) Inventor Hironobu Nakagawa 2-3-14 Oto, Yono City, Saitama Prefecture

Claims (8)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A sheet prism (3) is arranged on the surface of a cylindrical main body (2) formed around an axis (1) with a predetermined outer diameter dimension, and an upper portion of the main body (2) is provided above the main body (2). A target fixing means for fixing the main body (2) so that the axis (1) passes through the tip and the conical projection (4) is disposed so that the axis (1) passes through the measurement point (5). 6)
A cylindrical target, comprising: 2. The surface of the sheet prism (3) comprises:
It has a reference line (7) on the same plane that passes through a point on the axis (1) at a predetermined height from the measurement point (5) and that is perpendicular to the axis (1). The cylindrical target according to claim 1, wherein the target is a cylindrical target. 3. A belt-shaped graduation portion (8) for grasping a left-right deviation amount is provided on the surface of the main body portion (2) separately from the sheet prism (3). Alternatively, the cylindrical target according to claim 2. 4. The cylindrical target according to claim 3, wherein the band-shaped scale portion (8) is black to facilitate collimation from a long distance. 5. A belt-shaped black portion for facilitating collimation from a long distance is provided on the surface of the main body portion (2) separately from the sheet prism (3). Alternatively, the cylindrical target according to claim 2. 6. The projection (4) is black for facilitating collimation from a long distance.
Alternatively, the cylindrical target according to claim 2. 7. The cylindrical target according to claim 1, wherein the target fixing means (6) is a box-shaped installation pedestal provided with a reference line on a side surface thereof. 8. The cylindrical target according to claim 7, wherein the installation pedestal is fixed by magnetic force.