JPH08145679A - Target for three-dimensional survey - Google Patents
Target for three-dimensional surveyInfo
- Publication number
- JPH08145679A JPH08145679A JP29144194A JP29144194A JPH08145679A JP H08145679 A JPH08145679 A JP H08145679A JP 29144194 A JP29144194 A JP 29144194A JP 29144194 A JP29144194 A JP 29144194A JP H08145679 A JPH08145679 A JP H08145679A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- target
- axis
- flat plate
- vertical shaft
- support frame
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は水平角・鉛直角・距離
を測定することができる測量用の計測機を用いて三次元
の測量を行なう場合に利用する三次元測量用ターゲット
に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a three-dimensional survey target used when performing three-dimensional survey using a surveying instrument capable of measuring horizontal angle, vertical angle and distance.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】視準望遠鏡を用いて近赤外線光源を照射
し、反射ターゲットからの反射光を受光して距離を測定
する測距機能及び視準望遠鏡の光軸の回動角度を読取る
技術により水平角・鉛直角を測定する角度測定機能を具
備した測量用の計測機が各種開発され、実用されてい
る。2. Description of the Related Art A distance measuring function for irradiating a near-infrared light source using a collimating telescope, receiving reflected light from a reflective target and measuring a distance, and a technique for reading a rotation angle of an optical axis of the collimating telescope are provided. Various measuring instruments for surveying having an angle measuring function for measuring a horizontal angle and a vertical angle have been developed and put into practical use.
【０００３】図７を用いてこの種の計測機の測定原理を
簡単に説明する。図中１は計測機を示す。計測機１は天
頂軸Ｖから視準望遠鏡の光軸までの鉛直角ＶＡと、水平
角（水平方向の振れ角）ＨＡと、測定点Ｐｉまでの斜距
離Ｒとを測定できる機能を具備している。このため、測
定点Ｐｉを含むＸ，Ｙ，Ｚの三次元座標の基準点
（Ｘ o ，Ｙo ，Ｚo ）の座標位値を定めることにより、
測定点Ｐｉの座標（Ｘi ，Ｙ i ，Ｚi ）は Ｘi ＝Ｒ・ｓｉｎ（ＶＡ）・ｓｉｎ（ＨＡ）−Ｘo Ｙi ＝Ｒ・ｓｉｎ（ＶＡ）・ｃｏｓ（ＨＡ）−Ｙo Ｚi ＝Ｒ・ｃｏｓ（ＶＡ）−Ｚｏ で求めることができる。The principle of measurement of this type of measuring instrument will be described with reference to FIG.
Briefly explained. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a measuring machine. Measuring machine 1 is heaven
The vertical angle VA from the top axis V to the optical axis of the collimating telescope,
Angle (horizontal deflection angle) HA and the oblique distance to the measurement point Pi
It has a function to measure the distance R. For this reason,
Reference point of three-dimensional coordinates of X, Y, Z including fixed point Pi
(X o, Yo, Zo),
The coordinates (Xi, Y i, Zi) Is Xi= R sin (VA) sin (HA) -Xo Yi= R sin (VA) cos (HA) -Yo Zi= R.cos (VA) -Zo.
【０００４】測定点Ｐｉに反射ターゲットを配置するこ
とにより、反射ターゲットに向って例えば近赤外線を照
射しその反射光を受光することにより斜距離Ｒを測定し
ている。反射ターゲットは例えばシール状のものが用意
され、このシール状の反射ターゲットを被測定体、例え
ば橋、船舶、車体、タンク等の構造体の要所に貼付け、
その反射ターゲットの位置を順次計測することにより、
構造体の形状を三次元で計測することができる。By disposing a reflective target at the measuring point Pi, the oblique distance R is measured by irradiating the reflective target with, for example, near infrared rays and receiving the reflected light. For example, a reflective target is prepared in the form of a seal, and the reflective target in the form of a seal is affixed to an object to be measured, for example, a bridge, a ship, a vehicle body, a key point of a structure such as a tank,
By sequentially measuring the position of the reflection target,
The shape of the structure can be measured in three dimensions.
【０００５】基準点（Ｘo ，Ｙo ，Ｚo ）を決めるター
ゲットには一般に回転型ターゲットが用いられる。回転
型ターゲットは図８に示すように基台２の上面に水平面
に沿って回転できるターゲット支持具３が取付けられ、
このターゲット支持具３に反射ターゲット４が水平軸を
軸支点として回転自在に支持されて構成されている。反
射ターゲット４はガラス或はプラスチックの鏡で構成さ
れ、その表面に水平方向と鉛直方向の軸支点と合致した
線ＸとＹが描かれ、観測時にこの線ＸとＹに計測機１の
視準望遠鏡に装着されたヘヤーラインを合致させて計測
を行なう。A rotary target is generally used as a target for determining the reference points (X o , Y o , Z o ). As shown in FIG. 8, the rotary target has a target support 3 that can be rotated along a horizontal plane mounted on the upper surface of the base 2,
A reflection target 4 is rotatably supported on the target support 3 with a horizontal axis as a fulcrum. The reflection target 4 is made of a mirror made of glass or plastic, and lines X and Y corresponding to the horizontal and vertical axis fulcrums are drawn on the surface thereof. The measurement is performed by matching the hairline attached to the telescope.
【０００６】この回転ターゲットを基準点に用いること
により、計測機１の位置を移動させた場合でも、計測機
１の位置に応じて反射ターゲット４の向を変更すればど
の位置からでも基準点として利用することができる。従
って例えば図９に示すように船舶のような構造体５の外
形を測定するような場合に、構造体５の両側の何れから
も見通すことができる位置に２個の回転ターゲットＴ１
とＴ２を設置すれば、これら２個の回転ターゲットＴ１
とＴ２を構造体５の両側の何れからでも基準点として利
用することができる。よって１台の計測機１を移動し、
計測することにより構造体５の表側と裏側を連続した同
一の座標系で形状表示を行なうことができる。By using this rotating target as a reference point, even if the position of the measuring machine 1 is moved, if the direction of the reflection target 4 is changed according to the position of the measuring machine 1, it can be used as a reference point from any position. Can be used. Therefore, for example, as shown in FIG. 9, when measuring the outer shape of the structure 5 such as a ship, the two rotating targets T1 are located at positions that can be seen from both sides of the structure 5.
And T2, these two rotating targets T1
And T2 can be used as reference points from either side of the structure 5. Therefore, one measuring device 1 is moved,
By performing the measurement, the shape can be displayed in the same coordinate system in which the front side and the back side of the structure 5 are continuous.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上述では基準点を移動
させないものとして説明した、然し乍ら構造体が大きい
場合には基準点を順次移動させなければならない場合が
ある。特に構造体が鉄道レール或は道路のように無限に
長い場合には、基準点を順次移動させないと、レール或
は道路の状況を三次元測量することはできない。The above description has been made on the assumption that the reference point is not moved. However, when the structure is large, it may be necessary to sequentially move the reference point. In particular, when the structure is infinitely long, such as a railway rail or a road, it is impossible to three-dimensionally measure the state of the rail or the road unless the reference points are sequentially moved.
【０００８】つまり、基準点の移動は以下の如くして行
なわれる。頭初の第１基準点を基準にレール或は道路の
状況を測量する。第１基準点でカバーできる範囲のレー
ル或は道路を測量し終ると、第２基準点を設置するに適
した候補地を定め、その位置を計測機により計測し、座
標位置を定める。この座標位置に回転ターゲットを移し
第２基準点とする。この第２基準点を基準に次の区間の
レールを測量する。この区間の測量が終了すると、回転
ターゲットを第３基準点に移動させる。この繰返しで無
限に延びるレール或は道路等を測量する。That is, the movement of the reference point is performed as follows. The condition of the rail or road is measured based on the first reference point at the beginning. After surveying the rails or roads within the range that can be covered by the first reference point, a candidate site suitable for setting the second reference point is determined, and its position is measured by a measuring machine to determine the coordinate position. The rotation target is moved to this coordinate position and is set as a second reference point. The rail of the next section is measured based on the second reference point. When the survey of this section is completed, the rotating target is moved to the third reference point. A rail or a road extending infinitely is measured by this repetition.
【０００９】新しい基準点を定める場合、その新しい基
準点の位置は計測機１で計測した位置によって定めてい
る。計測機１は高精度であるとはいっても、わずかなが
ら測定誤差を持つ。この測定誤差が基準点を移動させる
毎に累積されると、最終的に大きな誤差に成長するおそ
れがある。この発明の目的はこのような累積誤差を発生
しないように、座標既知点の基準点を設置し、その位置
を三次元で正確に測量可能ならしめる三次元測量用ター
ゲットの構造を提案するものである。When a new reference point is determined, the position of the new reference point is determined by the position measured by the measuring device 1. Although the measuring instrument 1 is highly accurate, it has a slight measurement error. If this measurement error is accumulated each time the reference point is moved, it may eventually grow to a large error. An object of the present invention is to propose a structure of a target for three-dimensional surveying in which a reference point of a coordinate known point is set so that such a cumulative error does not occur and the position can be accurately measured in three dimensions. is there.
【００１０】[0010]
【課題を解決するための手段】この発明では無限長に近
い構造物に沿って予め既知の位置に定められた基準点を
所定の間隔で設置する。しかる後、これらの基準点に対
し、従来の測量法である三角網を形成した基準点測量を
施行し、閉合誤差を配分し、各基準点に座標値を与え
る。以後、これらの基準点は座標既知点として、取り扱
うことが可能となる。この基準点に三次元測量用ターゲ
ットを装着することにより、三次元測量用ターゲットは
既知の位置を正確に指示することができる。即ち、三次
元測量用ターゲットには基準点に係合するプランジャが
設けられ、プランジャによって基準点の位置をターゲッ
トに正確に伝達することができるからである。According to the present invention, reference points predetermined at known positions are set at predetermined intervals along a structure that is nearly infinite. Thereafter, a reference point survey forming a triangular net, which is a conventional survey method, is performed on these reference points, a closing error is distributed, and a coordinate value is given to each reference point. Thereafter, these reference points can be handled as coordinate known points. By mounting the three-dimensional survey target on this reference point, the three-dimensional survey target can accurately indicate a known position. That is, the plunger that engages with the reference point is provided in the three-dimensional survey target, and the position of the reference point can be accurately transmitted to the target by the plunger.
【００１１】従ってこの発明の三次元測量用ターゲット
によれば無限長に近い構造物に沿って予め設置した基準
点に、ターゲットを係合させて設置するから、ターゲッ
トを順次移動させても、その移動は参照する基準点が代
わったことにすぎないから、各設置点でターゲットの位
置による新たな誤差が発生することはない。よってどこ
までも連続して測量を行なっても誤差が累積されること
はなく、測量開始点と終了点で同一の精度を保つことが
できる。Therefore, according to the target for three-dimensional surveying of the present invention, the target is engaged with a reference point previously set along a structure having an infinite length, so that even if the target is sequentially moved, the target is not moved. Since the movement is merely a change of the reference point to be referred to, no new error due to the position of the target occurs at each installation point. Therefore, no error is accumulated even if the surveying is continuously performed to any extent, and the same accuracy can be maintained at the survey start point and the survey start point.
【００１２】[0012]
【実施例】図１及び図５にこの発明による三次元測量用
ターゲットの一実施例を示す。図中１０は例えばレール
を敷設するための床面を示す。この床面１０は例えばコ
ンクリート等で固められているものとする。床面１０に
は基準標１１が埋設されている。基準標１１は図４に示
すように円形頭部を具備したボルトで構成され、頂部に
円錐形状の孔１１Ａと、その底部に小径孔１１Ｂを有
し、この小径孔１１Ｂによって基準点の位置を精度よく
表示している。基準標１１のネジ部１１Ｃはここでは特
に図示しないが、レールの延長方向と、その延長方向と
直交する方向にネジ送り機構によって移動させることが
できるように構成された位置合せ機構に螺合して支持さ
れる。基準標１１の小径孔１１Ｂの軸芯位置は予め計算
等で求められて与えられ、その既知の位置に既存の方法
の測量によって位置合せされる。また基準標１１の頂面
の標高位置も予め計算で算出されて与えられ、その算出
された標高位置に設定される。基準標１１の位置が予め
決められた位置に位置合せ機構によって設定されると、
位置合せ機構を含めてコンクリートに埋め込み、コンク
リートでその設置位置に固定する。このようにして設置
される基準標１１を図６に示すようにレール１２Ａと１
２Ｂに沿って所定の間隔で設置する。1 and 5 show an embodiment of a three-dimensional survey target according to the present invention. In the drawing, reference numeral 10 denotes a floor surface for laying rails, for example. It is assumed that the floor 10 is hardened by concrete or the like, for example. A reference mark 11 is buried in the floor 10. The reference mark 11 is composed of a bolt having a circular head as shown in FIG. 4 and has a conical hole 11A at the top and a small diameter hole 11B at the bottom, and the position of the reference point is determined by the small diameter hole 11B. The display is accurate. Although not particularly shown here, the threaded portion 11C of the reference mark 11 is screwed to an alignment mechanism configured to be movable by a screw feed mechanism in an extension direction of the rail and a direction orthogonal to the extension direction. Supported. The axial center position of the small-diameter hole 11B of the reference mark 11 is determined and given in advance by calculation or the like, and is aligned with the known position by surveying using an existing method. The altitude position of the top surface of the reference altitude 11 is also calculated and given in advance, and is set to the calculated altitude position. When the position of the reference mark 11 is set to a predetermined position by the positioning mechanism,
It is embedded in concrete, including the alignment mechanism, and is fixed at the installation position with concrete. The reference mark 11 installed in this manner is connected to the rails 12A and 1A as shown in FIG.
It is installed at a predetermined interval along 2B.
【００１３】説明は再び図１に戻る。基準標１１の頭部
に形成した円錐形の孔１１ａにこの発明による三次元測
量用ターゲットに設けたプランジャ１０１の先細形状と
された先端を係合させる。プランジャ１０１は保持体１
０２に推動自在に保持され、バネ１０３の偏倚力によっ
て下向に突出偏倚される。バネ１０３の偏倚力はわずか
な力とし、これから説明するターゲット支持枠１０４等
の重みによって容易に圧縮形成される。ターゲット支持
枠１０４は開口面が水平方向を向く姿勢でターゲット支
持具２００によって支持される。The description returns to FIG. The tapered tip of the plunger 101 provided in the three-dimensional survey target according to the present invention is engaged with the conical hole 11a formed in the head of the reference mark 11. Plunger 101 is holder 1
02 is held so as to be freely propelled, and is projected downward by the biasing force of the spring 103. The biasing force of the spring 103 is a small force, and the spring 103 is easily compressed and formed by the weight of the target support frame 104 and the like described below. The target support frame 104 is supported by the target support 200 with the opening face in the horizontal direction.
【００１４】プランジャ１０１はターゲット支持枠１０
４を構成する下辺部材１０４Ａに取付けられる。ターゲ
ット支持枠１０４の上辺部材１０４Ｂには上向に鉛直軸
１０５が取付けられる。この鉛直軸１０５はその軸芯を
プランジャ１０１の軸芯と合致する位置に植設される。
ターゲット支持枠１０４を構成する２本の縦部材１０４
Ｃには互に水平方向に対向して一対のピボット１０６が
取付けられる。このピボット１０６によって反射ターゲ
ット１０７が水平軸を軸支点として回転自在に支持され
る。図３に図１に示すＡ−Ａ線上の断面を示す。反射タ
ーゲット１０７はその表面の反射面はピボット１０６の
軸線の位置に合致するようにターゲット支持部材１０８
に取り付けられる。この例ではビス１０８Ａでターゲッ
ト支持部材１０８に取付けた場合を示す。ピボット１０
６の軸線と反射ターゲット１０７の反射面との位置を合
致させることにより、反射ターゲット１０７を表側に向
けても、裏側に向けても何れの方向に対しても、反射タ
ーゲット１０７位置がずれることはない。The plunger 101 is the target support frame 10.
4 attached to the lower side member 104A. A vertical shaft 105 is attached upward to the upper side member 104B of the target support frame 104. The vertical shaft 105 is implanted at a position where its axis coincides with the axis of the plunger 101.
Two vertical members 104 constituting the target support frame 104
A pair of pivots 106 are attached to C horizontally opposite to each other. The pivot 106 supports the reflection target 107 so as to be rotatable around a horizontal axis. FIG. 3 shows a cross section taken along the line AA shown in FIG. The reflection target 107 has a target support member 108 such that the reflection surface on the surface matches the position of the axis of the pivot 106.
Attached to. In this example, the case where the target support member 108 is attached with the screw 108A is shown. Pivot 10
By aligning the position of the axis of 6 with the reflection surface of the reflection target 107, the position of the reflection target 107 can be shifted regardless of whether the reflection target 107 is directed to the front side or the back side. Absent.
【００１５】図５Ａ〜Ｊに反射ターゲット１０７の反射
面に描く、パターンの例を示す。図５に示すように、反
射ターゲット１０７の反射面に描くパターンは主に水平
方向の線Ｘと、鉛直方向の線Ｙで構成され、利用者の好
みに応じて交換できる構造とされる。ターゲット支持具
２００は平板２０１と、この平板２０１を水平な姿勢に
支持するネジ脚２０３Ａ，２０３Ｂ，２０３Ｃとによっ
て構成され、鉛直軸１０５はターゲット支持具２００を
構成する平板２０１に形成した貫通孔２０２を貫通し、
平板２０１によって鉛直な姿勢に支持される。貫通孔２
０２は平板２０１の肉厚の中央部分にエッジ部を有し、
このエッジ部で鉛直軸１０５を支持する。つまり、エッ
ジ部で鉛直軸１０５を支持することにより、可及的に鉛
直軸１０５と貫通孔２０２との間の遊びを少なくし、然
もエッジにすることによって接触面積を小さくして楽に
鉛直軸１０５を軸芯方向に移動できるようにしている。FIGS. 5A to 5J show examples of patterns drawn on the reflection surface of the reflection target 107. FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, the pattern drawn on the reflection surface of the reflection target 107 is mainly composed of a horizontal line X and a vertical line Y, and has a structure that can be replaced according to the user's preference. The target support 200 includes a flat plate 201 and screw legs 203A, 203B, and 203C that support the flat plate 201 in a horizontal posture. A vertical shaft 105 has a through hole 202 formed in the flat plate 201 that forms the target support 200. Through
It is supported in a vertical position by the flat plate 201. Through hole 2
02 has an edge portion in the central portion of the thickness of the flat plate 201,
The vertical shaft 105 is supported by this edge portion. That is, by supporting the vertical shaft 105 at the edge portion, the play between the vertical shaft 105 and the through-hole 202 is reduced as much as possible, and the edge is used to reduce the contact area, which facilitates the vertical shaft. 105 can be moved in the axial direction.
【００１６】平板２０１には貫通孔２０２の位置からほ
ぼ等しい距離の位置の３箇所にネジ脚２０３Ａ，２０３
Ｂ，２０３Ｃをそれぞれ平板２０１の板面に対して垂直
方向に螺合させる。各ネジ脚２０３Ａには各支持脚２０
３Ａ，２０３Ｂ，２０３Ｃを回転操作させるためのツマ
ミ２０４が取付けられる。また、ネジ脚２０３Ａ，２０
３Ｂ，２０３Ｃの動きをロックするロックナット２０５
を螺合させている。On the flat plate 201, screw legs 203A and 203 are provided at three positions at substantially the same distance from the position of the through hole 202.
B and 203C are respectively screwed in the direction perpendicular to the plate surface of the flat plate 201. Each support leg 20 is attached to each screw leg 203A.
A knob 204 for rotating the 3A, 203B and 203C is attached. In addition, the screw legs 203A, 20
Lock nut 205 for locking the movement of 3B and 203C
Are screwed together.
【００１７】鉛直軸１０５の上端には水準器１０９を取
付け、鉛直軸１０５及びターゲット支持枠１０４の姿勢
が鉛直に設定されたか否かを見ることができる構造とし
ている。水準器１０９は図の例では円形気泡管を用いた
場合を示すが、他の構造の水準器、例えば円弧管を十字
状に結合した構造の水準器を用いることもできる。この
発明による三次元測量用ターゲットの基準標１１への設
置手順は以下の如くである。プランジャ１０１の先端を
基準標１１の頂面に形成された孔１１Ａに係合させる。
保持体１０２の底面が基準標１１の頂面に接触している
状態を保って平板２０１がほぼ水平な姿勢になるように
ネジ脚２０３Ａ，２０３Ｂ，２０３Ｃを調整する。平板
２０１の姿勢は目視でほぼ水平な状態に見える状態に設
定できればよい。A level 109 is attached to the upper end of the vertical shaft 105 so that it can be checked whether the posture of the vertical shaft 105 and the target support frame 104 is set to vertical. In the example shown in the figure, the level 109 uses a circular bubble tube, but a level having another structure, for example, a level in which arc tubes are connected in a cross shape, may be used. The procedure for installing the three-dimensional survey target on the fiducial 11 according to the present invention is as follows. The tip of the plunger 101 is engaged with a hole 11A formed on the top surface of the reference mark 11.
The screw legs 203A, 203B, and 203C are adjusted so that the flat plate 201 is in a substantially horizontal posture while keeping the bottom surface of the holding body 102 in contact with the top surface of the reference mark 11. It is sufficient that the attitude of the flat plate 201 can be set to a state in which the flat plate 201 can be seen to be substantially horizontal.
【００１８】水平な姿勢に調整した状態でロックナット
２０５を締付けネジ脚２０３Ａ，２０３Ｂ，２０３Ｃの
回転をロックする。平板２０１の姿勢がほぼ水平な姿勢
に設定された後、ネジ脚２０３Ａ〜２０３Ｃの下端を床
面１０の上で滑らして平板２０１の位置を水平方向にず
らし、水準器１０９が水平を指示するように調整する。With the horizontal posture adjusted, the lock nut 205 is tightened to lock the rotation of the screw legs 203A, 203B, 203C. After the posture of the flat plate 201 is set to a substantially horizontal posture, the lower ends of the screw legs 203A to 203C are slid on the floor 10 to shift the position of the flat plate 201 in the horizontal direction, and the level 109 indicates the horizontal position. Adjust to
【００１９】水準器１０９が水平を指示すると、鉛直軸
１０５とプランジャ１０１の軸芯が鉛直な姿勢に設定さ
れたことになる。この結果、反射ターゲット１０７はそ
の反射面に描かれた線ＸとＹの交点Ｐが基準標１１の基
準点の真上の位置に設定されたことになる。よってこの
反射ターゲット１０７を反射面として鉛直角ＶＡ，水平
角ＨＡ，距離Ｒ（図７参照）を計測機によって計測する
ことにより基準点の位置（座標）を正確に算出すること
ができる。従って図６に示したように、各基準標１１の
位置を基準にレール１２Ａと１２Ｂに貼付けたシール状
ターゲットＢ1，Ｂ2 ，Ｂ3 ……及びＢ1 ′，Ｂ2 ′，
Ｂ3 ′……の位置をＪ点又はＫ点に設置した計測機１に
よって測定することによりレール１２Ａと１２Ｂの敷設
状況を正確に測量することができる。When the level 109 indicates horizontal, the axis of the vertical shaft 105 and the axis of the plunger 101 are set to the vertical posture. As a result, the reflection target 107 is set such that the intersection point P of the lines X and Y drawn on its reflection surface is set directly above the reference point of the reference mark 11. Therefore, the position (coordinates) of the reference point can be accurately calculated by measuring the vertical angle VA, the horizontal angle HA, and the distance R (see FIG. 7) using the reflection target 107 as a reflection surface by a measuring machine. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, the seal-shaped targets B 1 , B 2 , B 3 ... And B 1 ′, B 2 ′, which are attached to the rails 12 A and 12 B with the position of each reference mark 11 as a reference,
By measuring the position of B 3 ′ with the measuring instrument 1 installed at the J point or the K point, the laying state of the rails 12A and 12B can be accurately measured.
【００２０】尚、基準標１１の標高値とターゲット１０
７の標高値との間には一定の高さの差が発生するが、こ
の差の値は一定のバイアス値として除去することができ
る。The elevation value of the reference mark 11 and the target 10
There is a constant height difference from the altitude value of 7, and this difference value can be removed as a constant bias value.
【００２１】[0021]
【発明の効果】上述したように、この発明によれば予め
設置された基準標１１に正確に係合して反射ターゲット
１０７を設置することができるから、三次元測量のため
の基準点を順次移動させても累積誤差が発生することは
ない。従ってレール或は道路のように無限に近い長さを
持つ構造体の測量を正確に行なうことができる利点が得
られる。As described above, according to the present invention, since the reflection target 107 can be set by accurately engaging with the reference mark 11 set in advance, the reference points for three-dimensional surveying are sequentially set. Even if it is moved, no accumulated error occurs. Therefore, there is an advantage that a structure having a length almost infinite, such as a rail or a road, can be accurately measured.
【図１】この発明による三次元測量用ターゲットの構造
を説明するための側面図。FIG. 1 is a side view for explaining the structure of a three-dimensional survey target according to the present invention.
【図２】図１の平面図。FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG.
【図３】図１に示したＡ−Ａ線上の断面図。FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line AA shown in FIG. 1;
【図４】図１に示した実施例に用いた基準標の構造を説
明するための断面図。FIG. 4 is a sectional view for explaining the structure of a reference mark used in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1;
【図５】図１に示した反射ターゲットの各種のパターン
を説明するための正面図。FIG. 5 is a front view for explaining various patterns of the reflection target shown in FIG. 1;
【図６】この発明による三次元測量用ターゲットを用い
た測量の方法を説明するための平面図。FIG. 6 is a plan view for explaining a surveying method using the three-dimensional survey target according to the present invention.
【図７】三次元測量の基本原理を説明するための図。FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the basic principle of three-dimensional surveying.
【図８】従来の三次元測量に用いられている回転ターゲ
ットの構造を説明するための斜視図。FIG. 8 is a perspective view for explaining the structure of a rotary target used in a conventional three-dimensional survey.
【図９】構造体の三次元測量の方法を説明するための平
面図。FIG. 9 is a plan view for explaining a method of three-dimensional measurement of a structure.
１０ 床面 １１ 基準標 １０１ プランジャ １０２ 保持体 １０３ バネ １０４ ターゲット支持枠 １０４Ａ 下辺部材 １０４Ｂ 縦部材 １０５ 鉛直軸 １０６ ピボット １０７ 反射ターゲット １０８ ターゲット支持部材 １０９ 水準器 ２００ ターゲット支持具 ２０１ 平板 ２０２ 貫通孔 ２０３Ａ〜２０３Ｃ ネジ脚 ２０４ ツマミ ２０５ ロックナット Reference Signs List 10 floor surface 11 reference mark 101 plunger 102 holder 103 spring 104 target support frame 104A lower side member 104B vertical member 105 vertical axis 106 pivot 107 reflection target 108 target support member 109 level 200 target support 201 flat plate 202 through hole 203A to 203C Screw foot 204 Knob 205 Lock nut
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (71)出願人 000173784 財団法人鉄道総合技術研究所 東京都国分寺市光町２丁目８番地38 (72)発明者 高橋 浩一 東京都千代田区永田町二丁目14番２号 日 本鉄道建設公団内 (72)発明者 乘田 治己 東京都千代田区永田町二丁目14番２号 日 本鉄道建設公団内 (72)発明者 早瀬 邦仁 東京都千代田区永田町二丁目14番２号 日 本鉄道建設公団内 (72)発明者 金子 慶尚 東京都杉並区善福寺１−24−２ (72)発明者 小林 義夫 東京都八王子市北野台一丁目３番３号 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (71) Applicant 000173784 2-8 Mitsumachi, Kokubunji, Tokyo 38 (72) Inventor Koichi Takahashi 2-14-2, Nagatacho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Sun Inside the railway construction public corporation (72) Inventor Haruki Hatada 2-14-2 Nagata-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Japan Inside railway construction public corporation (72) Kunihito Hayase 2-14-2 Nagata-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Japan (72) Inventor Keisho Kaneko 1-2-24, Zenpukuji, Suginami-ku, Tokyo (72) Inventor Yoshio Kobayashi 1-3-3 Kitanodai, Hachioji, Tokyo
Claims (1)
が配置され、このピボットによって反射面を具備した反
射ターゲットを水平軸を中心に回転自在に支持するター
ゲット支持枠と、 Ｂ．このターゲット支持枠の下辺部材に鉛直下向に出入
り自在に突出され、バネによって下向に偏倚力が与えら
れると共に、ターゲット設置点を表わす基準標の基準点
と係合して上記ターゲット支持枠に支持した反射ターゲ
ットに基準点位置を伝達するプランジャと、 Ｃ．上記ターゲット支持枠の上辺部材に上記プランジャ
の軸芯と同一の軸芯に揃えられて上向に突出して取付け
られた鉛直軸と、 Ｄ．この鉛直軸を貫通させ、鉛直軸にエッジ面で対接す
る貫通孔を具備した平板と、 Ｅ．この平板の上記貫通孔の位置からほぼ等距離はなれ
た３点に設けられ、上記平板に垂直方向に螺合した３本
のネジ脚と、 Ｆ．このネジ脚を上記平板に締め付けて固定するロック
ナットと、 Ｇ．上記鉛直軸の上端に取付けられ、鉛直軸及び上記反
射ターゲット枠の姿勢を鉛直姿勢に設置するための水準
器と、 によって構成した三次元測量用ターゲット。1. A. First Embodiment B. a pair of pivots opposed to each other in the horizontal direction, and a target support frame that rotatably supports a reflection target having a reflection surface with the pivots around a horizontal axis; The target support frame is vertically projected downwardly from the lower side member, and is biased downward by a spring, and is engaged with the reference point of the reference mark representing the target installation point to the target support frame. A plunger for transmitting a reference point position to a supported reflective target; C. A vertical shaft mounted on the upper side member of the target support frame so as to be aligned with the same axis as the axis of the plunger and project upward. A flat plate having a through hole penetrating through the vertical shaft and having an edge surface facing the vertical shaft; F. three screw legs provided at three points on the flat plate that are substantially equidistant from the position of the through hole and vertically screwed to the flat plate; A lock nut for tightening and fixing the screw leg on the flat plate, and G. A target for three-dimensional surveying, which is attached to the upper end of the vertical axis, and includes a level for setting the vertical axis and the attitude of the reflective target frame in the vertical attitude.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6291441A JP2627871B2 (en) | 1994-11-25 | 1994-11-25 | 3D survey target |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6291441A JP2627871B2 (en) | 1994-11-25 | 1994-11-25 | 3D survey target |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08145679A true JPH08145679A (en) | 1996-06-07 |
| JP2627871B2 JP2627871B2 (en) | 1997-07-09 |
Family
ID=17768913
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6291441A Expired - Lifetime JP2627871B2 (en) | 1994-11-25 | 1994-11-25 | 3D survey target |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2627871B2 (en) |
Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1998005926A1 (en) * | 1996-08-07 | 1998-02-12 | Komatsu Ltd. | Automatic collimation method and automatic collimation apparatus |
| JP2008089361A (en) * | 2006-09-29 | 2008-04-17 | Taisei Kanri Kaihatsu Kk | Target for station and target for reference point used for photogrammetry |
| CN103471573A (en) * | 2013-10-06 | 2013-12-25 | 中国二十二冶集团有限公司 | Leveling reflector device and horizontal line quick releasing method thereof |
| CN104215183A (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2014-12-17 | 中国一冶集团有限公司 | Continuous casting machine fan-shaped section saddle installation detecting method and device |
| US9041914B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2015-05-26 | Faro Technologies, Inc. | Three-dimensional coordinate scanner and method of operation |
| DE112012000795B4 (en) * | 2011-02-14 | 2015-06-11 | Faro Technologies Inc. | Cube corner retroreflector for measuring six degrees of freedom |
| US9146094B2 (en) | 2010-04-21 | 2015-09-29 | Faro Technologies, Inc. | Automatic measurement of dimensional data with a laser tracker |
| US9151830B2 (en) | 2011-04-15 | 2015-10-06 | Faro Technologies, Inc. | Six degree-of-freedom laser tracker that cooperates with a remote structured-light scanner |
| US9164173B2 (en) | 2011-04-15 | 2015-10-20 | Faro Technologies, Inc. | Laser tracker that uses a fiber-optic coupler and an achromatic launch to align and collimate two wavelengths of light |
| US9377885B2 (en) | 2010-04-21 | 2016-06-28 | Faro Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for locking onto a retroreflector with a laser tracker |
| US9395174B2 (en) | 2014-06-27 | 2016-07-19 | Faro Technologies, Inc. | Determining retroreflector orientation by optimizing spatial fit |
| US9400170B2 (en) | 2010-04-21 | 2016-07-26 | Faro Technologies, Inc. | Automatic measurement of dimensional data within an acceptance region by a laser tracker |
| US9453913B2 (en) | 2008-11-17 | 2016-09-27 | Faro Technologies, Inc. | Target apparatus for three-dimensional measurement system |
| US9482529B2 (en) | 2011-04-15 | 2016-11-01 | Faro Technologies, Inc. | Three-dimensional coordinate scanner and method of operation |
| US9638507B2 (en) | 2012-01-27 | 2017-05-02 | Faro Technologies, Inc. | Measurement machine utilizing a barcode to identify an inspection plan for an object |
| US9686532B2 (en) | 2011-04-15 | 2017-06-20 | Faro Technologies, Inc. | System and method of acquiring three-dimensional coordinates using multiple coordinate measurement devices |
| US9772394B2 (en) | 2010-04-21 | 2017-09-26 | Faro Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for following an operator and locking onto a retroreflector with a laser tracker |
| JP2017172978A (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2017-09-28 | 株式会社パスコ | Traverse survey result display device |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1998005926A1 (en) * | 1996-08-07 | 1998-02-12 | Komatsu Ltd. | Automatic collimation method and automatic collimation apparatus |
| JP2008089361A (en) * | 2006-09-29 | 2008-04-17 | Taisei Kanri Kaihatsu Kk | Target for station and target for reference point used for photogrammetry |
| US9453913B2 (en) | 2008-11-17 | 2016-09-27 | Faro Technologies, Inc. | Target apparatus for three-dimensional measurement system |
| US9772394B2 (en) | 2010-04-21 | 2017-09-26 | Faro Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for following an operator and locking onto a retroreflector with a laser tracker |
| US9377885B2 (en) | 2010-04-21 | 2016-06-28 | Faro Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for locking onto a retroreflector with a laser tracker |
| US9400170B2 (en) | 2010-04-21 | 2016-07-26 | Faro Technologies, Inc. | Automatic measurement of dimensional data within an acceptance region by a laser tracker |
| US9146094B2 (en) | 2010-04-21 | 2015-09-29 | Faro Technologies, Inc. | Automatic measurement of dimensional data with a laser tracker |
| US10480929B2 (en) | 2010-04-21 | 2019-11-19 | Faro Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for following an operator and locking onto a retroreflector with a laser tracker |
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| US9638507B2 (en) | 2012-01-27 | 2017-05-02 | Faro Technologies, Inc. | Measurement machine utilizing a barcode to identify an inspection plan for an object |
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