JPH07180400A - Leg member mounting adjustment method of tower structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the labor of installation correction work and improve the efficiency of work and enhance measurement accuracy by measuring accurately an installation state of leg materials of a tower structure by the application of an electro-optical measuring device and indicating correction of an installation error based on the measured data. CONSTITUTION:Legs 3 of a tower structure are temporarily installed into excavation holes 6 pretiminarily determined by surveying. An electro-optical distance meter 1 is placed at an arbitrary position and adapted to measure the distance by using a reflection mirror set to the top of each of the leg materials 3. At the same time, an inclination meter is mounted to each leg material 3, thereby measuring falling down and standing up motions. Accurate errors with the accurate positions are computed based on the measured data, thereby indicating an installation correction value and correcting the installation positions of the legs.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a leg material installation and adjustment method for a tower structure such as a transmission line tower.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When installing a power transmission line tower or wireless tower, the footing of the foundation is accurately installed in millimeters around the center point of the installation position planned in advance according to the overhead line plan on the map. It This center point is positioned in advance as an absolute origin by surveying, and the direction of 1/2 of the bending angle of the power transmission line passing through this origin is the front, and the center is 45
The legs are installed so that a total of four legs are generally provided on each of the two straight lines passing through the origin in the direction of ° (see FIG. 26).

An iron tower is installed on the installed leg portion, and the leg portion is fixed by solidifying concrete with a pillar embedded in an excavation hole excavated on a slope such as a hillside. Before the pedestal is fixed, the fixed state between the lower end of the pedestal and the installation base is previously adjusted and fixed. Installation adjustment is performed as follows.

As shown in FIG. 27, a center pile is buried in the center point O, and it is measured whether or not the distances to the four pedestals around the center point O are as designed. This measurement is performed for diagonal dimensions, diagonal diagonal distance, diagonal diagonal distance, elevation difference (level) pedestal tilt (fall), verticality (standing), rotation (maimai), and the like.

In the above measurement, six points are set as measurement points 1 to 6 on the flange at the upper end of the pedestal as shown in the figure. For example, the diagonal dimension is the distance between the center point 0 to the measurement point 1, The angular skew distance is measured between the measurement points 1 to 5 or 5 to 1, and the diagonal distance is measured between the measurement points 2 to 4.

A steel tape measure, a box measure, a collimator, a water thread (with a weight) and the like are generally used for the above measurement. As shown in (a) of FIG. 28, when measuring diagonal, diagonal diagonal distance, etc., directly measure between 1 to 5 measuring points or between 5 to 1 with a tape measure.
As shown in (b), when measuring the height difference, a box scale is set up perpendicular to the measurement point and the height difference is measured by a collimator (level). Falling is measured in (c) and standing is measured in (d).

As shown in FIG. 29 (a), when the height difference of the pedestal is large, a temporary point is set on the way, a box scale is set at the temporary point, and the value set for each temporary point is set. The height difference is summed up. As shown in (b), when the distance between the pedestals cannot be measured directly due to the undulations of the mountains between the pedestals, angle measurement and oblique distance measurement (steel tape measure) with a collimator (transit) can be performed. Indirect measurement by calculation with a calculator.

It is compared whether or not the distances between the pedestals measured as described above are as designed, and if there is an excess or deficiency in the distances, as shown in FIG. On the other hand, the position of each pedestal and the distance between each pedestal can be adjusted with respect to the design value by adjusting the fixed part that fixes the lower end to the installation base and the support connected to the upper part of the pedestal. Be within the value.

The amount of movement of each pedestal differs depending on the amount of displacement of the pedestal and the relative positional relationship between the legs, and adjustment is made based on intuition and experience according to the state. Be done. When the final fixing position of each pedestal is determined and the adjustment is completed, the pedestal is solidified in the drill hole.

[0010]

When installing a transmission line tower as described above, the installation dimension measurement and installation adjustment of the pedestals are performed in parallel. This adjustment work is performed by putting in and out the support, and moving up and down, left and right, front and back, and rotating the installation base. Especially, the pedestal is very heavy (1 to 5).
t), the worker must pry and move the pedestal with a burl and fix it with the fixing bolts. Therefore, it is necessary to judge the adjustment location, the adjustment direction, and the adjustment amount at this time by the intuition and experience of the worker, and repeatedly perform the adjustment work and the measurement until the values are within the allowable values.

In addition, when measuring the installation dimensions, there are many measurement points, especially in a steep mountain area, the worker must go up and down the site many times, which requires a lot of labor and time. In the level measurement, when the height difference is large, a long box scale (5 m) is supported by hand at an unstable position, so that it greatly shakes, and it takes a long time to measure and a measurement error increases. If the measurement distance is long (15 to 30 m), the tape will sag and the measurement error will increase, and in steep mountain areas the difference in the height of the leg material will be extremely large (10 m or more), and the level and box scale will be repeated many times. It needs to be refilled, which takes time and effort. Furthermore, the measurement error becomes large, and there is a risk of incorrect calculation.

When a middle ridge or a temporary structure is present between the legs, the indirect method must be used for measurement, resulting in a large measurement error, which makes it difficult to select the position of the transit and takes a very long time. It is necessary to measure the fall even after the rebar is assembled, but since the rebar and the water thread interfere with each other, the measurement cannot be performed and the rebar needs to be disassembled, which requires time and labor.

The pedestal installation work is performed in a narrow excavation hole with a heavy pedestal in a unit of mm by hand using a burl or the like, which requires labor and time and a heavy burden on the operator, especially after assembling the reinforcing bars. The correction work is very difficult. A lot of time and effort is required for the error correction work of installation because the adjustment point, the adjustment direction, and the adjustment amount are determined by the intuition and experience of the operator, and the measurement and adjustment work are repeated many times until they are within the allowable values. Is. In addition, it is necessary that skilled workers with a lot of experience are engaged in conducting the work.

The present invention takes note of various difficult problems associated with the conventional installation / adjustment method of leg members as described above, and obtains accurate coordinate positions of the leg members by an optical wave range finder, and By using an inclinometer to measure falling and standing up, grasp the accurate mounting state, calculate the instruction value to move the leg material so that it is within the allowable error based on the calculation, and correct it. It is an object of the present invention to provide an installation adjustment method that can reduce the labor of installation adjustment work, improve work efficiency, and improve measurement accuracy.

[0015]

As a means for solving the above problems, the present invention temporarily installs a plurality of legs of a steel tower structure whose center point has been determined by surveying in excavation holes excavated near the respective installation positions. , A light wave rangefinder is installed at an arbitrary position to emit a light wave, a reflection mirror is attached to the top of each leg material to receive the reflected light wave, and the distance to the leg material is measured by the phase difference measurement method and each leg material is also measured. Standing and rolling of each leg is measured by the inclinometer attached to the steel tower, and the center of the tower is calculated from the center position data of each leg obtained by the above lightwave measurement. The converted tower center and the center position of each leg and the standing position are compared with the design value, and the installation state of each leg is adjusted so that each measured value is within the specified tolerance with respect to the design value. Installation of legs for steel tower structures consisting of fine-tuning It was a settling method.

According to this installation adjustment method, when the mounting condition obtained by the above-mentioned measurement is moved so that the installation error of the center of the leg is within the permissible error, the support supporting the vicinity of the top of the leg and the leg foundation. It is preferable that the amount of movement of each is calculated in advance and the amount of movement is moved based on the result to perform the fine adjustment.

[0017]

Since the present invention has the above-described leg material installation and adjustment method, the leg material installation and adjustment work is performed according to the instruction value within the allowable error indicated by the calculation, the labor is greatly reduced, and the work efficiency is greatly improved. .

As a preliminary work before starting the measurement, the center point of the steel tower is indicated by a pile by another survey in advance, and a plurality of legs of the steel tower structure are excavated in the vicinity of the predetermined position around this point. It is installed in the hole at almost the same position.

Next, the light distance measuring device is installed at an arbitrary position, and it is desirable that this position is a position where the four legs can be seen as much as possible. However, if you cannot see all four legs, measure the position of each leg at a position where you can see at least two legs, and then move to a position where you can see the other two legs and measure the other two legs. Good.

In measuring the position of each leg member, a light wave is emitted from a light wave rangefinder, and the light wave is reciprocated between the reflection mirrors at the top of each leg member, and the distance is measured by the phase difference measuring method. In addition, the inclinometer attached to each leg stands to measure the fall.

Next, the design of the steel tower coordinate system is converted into the steel tower coordinate system based on the center position data of each leg obtained from the above measurement, and the center position of each leg and the steel tower center position are obtained, and the steel tower is calculated. By comparing the measured values of the center and the center position of each leg and the standing and rolling values with the design value, the mounting position of each leg is finely adjusted so that each measured value is within the allowable error.

In that case, as in the second invention, the movement adjustment amount is calculated in advance so that the installation error is within the allowable error, and the leg members are finely adjusted based on the calculated data. With this setting, fine adjustment can be performed very smoothly and efficiently.

[0023]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a leg material installation and adjustment method according to the present invention. Reference numeral 1 denotes a light wave distance measuring device, which is an apparatus that emits a light wave of a specific wavelength by an LED lamp or the like, receives the light wave reflected by the reflection mirror 2, measures the phase shift of the light wave, and measures the distance. This optical rangefinder is installed at an arbitrary position overlooking each leg.

The reflection mirror 2 is set on the top of the leg members 3 (four legs in this embodiment) of the steel tower structure to be measured. The leg members 3 are temporarily installed on the installation base 4 by fixing means such as bolts and nuts, and a support 5 for position adjustment is attached thereto.

The leg member 3 is temporarily installed in the excavation hole 6,
The excavation hole 6 is excavated at an approximately leg installation position, centered on the central position of the steel tower which is previously determined by surveying.

An inclinometer 7 is detachably attached to the leg member 3 with respect to the leg member to be measured, and the standing and rolling of the leg member 3 are measured by the inclinometer 7.

Reference numeral 8 is a small personal computer, which is abbreviated as a notebook type personal computer, and the measurement data of the lightwave distance measuring device 1 and the inclinometer 7 are sent to the personal computer 8 via a communication cable 9.

FIG. 2 shows an example of the external appearance of the lightwave distance measuring device 1 and its internal structure. The one shown is one of the commercially available optical rangefinders, and is shown merely as an example.
The appearance and internal structure are not the same. The illustrated optical wave range finder is generally used for civil engineering, construction, surveying and the like. 101 is a transmitting / receiving optical system, 102 is an EDM optical unit, 103 is a light receiving block, 104 is a light transmitting block,
Reference numeral 105 is a collimation telescope.

The illustrated optical wave distance measuring device 1 outputs distance measuring light through a lens of a transmitting / receiving optical system, receives light sent back by a reflecting mirror 2 (prism), emits a light wave and returns it. The time to come is measured and the distance to the predetermined position is measured. The measurement of the light receiving time is actually carried out by a phase difference measuring method for measuring the phase difference of the light waves, but the measuring principle is a known method, and the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

3 and 4 show a reflecting mirror setting tool. The illustrated reflection mirror setting tool 20 is means for accurately attaching the reflection mirror 2 to the top of the leg member 3 at a predetermined angle with respect to the optical distance measuring instrument 1.

The reflection mirror 2 is rotatably supported in the frame 21 by a knob 22 about a horizontal axis, and has a vertical pin 23 below the frame 21 and a pin pole 24 above.
A level 25 is provided at an appropriate position on the frame 21. The pin pole 24 is attached to the support arm 2 by a spring clamp 26.
It is suspended at the tip of 7, and the pin pole 24 is always attached vertically.

The support arm 27 is attached to the vertical shaft 28 by adjusting the angle with a thumbscrew 29 so that the direction of the pin pole 24 is always vertical as shown by the alternate long and short dash line. The vertical shaft 28 is adjusted in the front-rear, left-right direction with respect to the three-point adjusting table 31 by a ball clamp 30.

The three-point adjusting table 31 is provided on the base plate 33, and the three knobs 32 can finely adjust the inclination of the vertical axis. A magnet base 34 is provided below the base plate 33, and a magnetic force metal is turned on and off by a knob 35.

Therefore, the reflection mirror 2 is attached to the leg member 3 by attracting the magnet base 34 to the top flange of the leg member 3. At this time, in order to facilitate the work of accurately contacting the vertical pin 23 below the reflection mirror 2 with the surface edge portion of the top flange, a transparent acrylic gauge plate 36 having a cross mark is installed on the top flange. .

Since the leg members 3 are generally provided in an inclined shape,
The top flange is also installed in a tilted manner, but even in that case, the support arm 27 and the vertical shaft 28 are installed so that the pin pole 24 and the vertical pin 23 are vertical.

Further, since the installation position of the light wave distance measuring device 1 generally has a height difference with respect to the reflection mirror 2, the light wave from the light wave distance measuring device 1 is reflected by the reflection mirror 2 to receive the light wave distance measuring device 1. In order to allow the lens to accurately receive the light, the reflection mirror 2 is set up and down around the horizontal axis by the knob 22 so as to reflect the light wave. 5 and 6 show an inclinometer 7 for measuring the standing and falling of the leg member 3 and a functional diagram thereof.

The inclinometer 7 is a casing 4 which is fixed to the base plate 41 in advance by inclining it by 9 ° with respect to the vertical direction.
Two angle sensors 43 and 44 are provided in the unit 2. Reference numeral 45 is a handle, and 46 is a magnet base for mounting.

The angle sensor 43 is for measuring the fall (X direction),
Reference numeral 44 is for standing (Y direction) measurement, and the internal structure is exactly the same. However, the mounting is 90
° Direction is different.

As shown in FIG. 6, the angle sensors 43 and 44 internally include two magnetoresistive elements R ₁ and R ₂ .
A magnet M is provided in the vicinity of this so as to be movable left and right. V ₁ is an input, and V ₂ and V ₃ are output voltages. Magnet M
The tilt angle is measured by measuring that the output voltage changes in proportion to the deviation when the point which is located in the center with respect to the magnetoresistive elements R ₁ and R ₂ is swung to the left or right with respect to O point. To do.

It should be noted that the reason why the casing 42 is pre-inclined with respect to the base plate 41 of the inclinometer 7 by 9 ° is based on the experience that the legs of the steel tower structure are designed to be inclined at this angle on average. .

FIG. 7 is an overall schematic block diagram of a measuring device including the above-described light-wave rangefinder 1, inclinometer 7, and personal computer 8. A keyboard 10 is provided in the personal computer 8, measurement data from the optical distance measuring instrument 1 and the inclinometer 7 is sent, processed by a CPU (central processing unit) 11, and the measurement data is stored in a memory 12. The measurement data and the like are displayed on the display 13 and may be printed by the printer 14. Reference numeral 15 denotes a portable power source built in the device.

The installation device for each leg is measured by using the above measuring device, and it is judged by comparing whether the device is within the allowable error with respect to the design value by comparison, and based on the result, each leg is Instructing to correct the installation position of, and perform the installation correction work of each leg material as follows.

FIG. 8 shows a processing flowchart of the leg installation and correction work. Although not shown in the flow chart shown in the figure, as preparatory work, the specification data of the tower is input to the tower design program, the design data of the installation dimension is calculated, and the data is stored in a floppy disk. Then, it is assumed that the floppy disk is brought to the site, the design data is read, and then the measurement shown in FIG. 8 is started.

When the measurement is started, in step S ₁ , the distance to each leg member 3 is measured by the lightwave distance measuring device ₁ , and the coordinates of the measuring points are measured. In step S ₂ , the inclinometer 7 measures falling and standing. This measurement is performed by sequentially mounting the reflection mirror 2 and the inclinometer 7 on one leg member 3 and similarly for the other leg members 3 after the measurement.

The flange center coordinate calculation leg member top Step S ₃ when the measurement is finished, the leg position rotation angle calculated in step S _4, the flange rotation angle calculated in step S ₅ is performed. These calculations are performed according to the calculation method described later.

Further, the ideal coordinate value calculation of the flange of each leg is performed in step S ₆ from the design data of the above-mentioned installation dimension read before the start of measurement. And step S
_{In step 7} , the measured values of the measurement points of the flange of each leg and the flange center position are compared with the ideal values of the corresponding points based on the design value of each leg material.

As a result of this comparison, if the measured value at each point includes an error of ± 2 mm or more from the ideal value, it is determined that the measurement error is large, and a remeasurement instruction is displayed in step S ₈ . When the error is ± 2 mm or less, it is determined that there is no measurement error, and the measurement ends (step S ₉ ).

At this time, the measurement data of the above measurement points,
Data such as the rotation angle should be stored on a floppy disk.

Next, in step S ₁₀ , the tower center coordinates are calculated from the measured data of each of the above-mentioned leg members, and in step S ₁₁
Then, the rotation angle of the tower center is calculated. Furthermore, measurement value coordinate conversion is performed in step S ₁₂ . This coordinate transformation, for example, when two of the four legs have already been cast into concrete and the leg material cannot be greatly modified,
This is done when setting the center of the tower as if the two legs are not moved. This coordinate conversion is not necessary when correcting the positions of all four legs. The method of coordinate conversion will be described later in detail.

In step S ₁₃ , installation dimension calculation is performed. The installation dimension is the dimension shown in FIG. 27, and is a diagonal dimension, diagonal diagonal distance, diagonal diagonal distance, or the like.

When the above installation dimensions are calculated, step S ₁₄
Then, the design value and the actual measurement value are compared for each installation dimension, and it is determined whether the error is within a predetermined setting allowable value. As a result of this comparison, if the installation dimension is within the allowable value, the installation work is completed without correction work.

If any of the installation dimensions is not within the installation allowable value, the fine adjustment work amount is calculated in step S ₁₅ . The adjustment amount is rounded off to the nearest whole number (step S ₁₆ ), and in step S ₁₇ , the installation position of each leg is sequentially moved virtually within the error range from the largest leg of the installation position to perform internal simulation. When the position of the maximum error leg is set to 0, it is checked whether the above-mentioned installation dimension is within the allowable value range or, on the contrary, the error becomes large.

[0053] Determine which the installation tolerances in step S _18, if it is not within the allowable values, see the change in the installation dimensions by further moving the other leg. When all the errors in the installation dimensions are within the installation allowable value, the fine adjustment amount for the installation position of each leg at that time is instructed in step S ₁₉ , and the installation fine adjustment work is performed (step S ₂₀ ). When the fine adjustment work is completed, the coordinates of the measurement point are measured again by returning to the beginning, and the above processing flow is repeated.

Now, a method for obtaining the coordinates of the measurement point and the measurement of the error by the calculation executed in the above processing flowchart will be described below. It should be noted that the following description is not necessarily performed in the order of the flowcharts for ease of understanding, but refer to the corresponding descriptions for specific operations performed in each step of the flowcharts.

First, FIG. 9 shows a coordinate system and measurement points to be handled below. As origin at the center (or eccentric pile) towers, constituting the direction pile y-axis direction, x-axis this perpendicular direction, z axis tower coordinate system as the vertical direction (x _n, y _n, z _n) of . Further, the measurement points of each leg are set to P1 to P5 as shown in the figure with P6 in the central direction of the steel tower.

The optical distance measuring instrument 1 is installed at any position where the four legs can be seen as far as possible, and each measuring point is measured. Lightwave rangefinder 1
Is set to 0 in any direction, x'-y'-z 'with the machine center as the origin and that direction as the y'axis as shown in the figure.
Configure the coordinate system. The position data of the measurement point is (x _n ',
y _'n, z' is sent as a coordinate value of _n).

However, the steel tower coordinate system (x _n , y _n , z _n ) is the same as the design coordinate system to be described later, but in order to distinguish the measured data at the measurement point from the design value, it is written in lower case for convenience. Is represented.

With respect to the coordinate system determined as described above, the data of the distances to the respective measurement points actually measured by the lightwave range finder 1 are the position data with the machine center as the origin, and therefore the coordinate system of the steel tower is used. It is necessary to transform the coordinates. Therefore, the processing of the position data of each measurement point is performed in the following procedure.

The optical rangefinder is set to 0 at any position (on the side of the optical rangefinder).

Measure the center of the tower (x ₁ ', y ₁ ',
z ₁ ') is read.

The directional pile was measured (x ₂ ', y ₂ ', z
₂ ') is read.

A coordinate system with the center of the steel tower as the origin and the direction pile as the y-axis is configured on a computer, and the subsequent measurement is converted to this coordinate system and handled (the coordinate conversion value dx used for the subsequent read coordinates, dy, dz, and rotation angle α are obtained).

At each measurement point (x _n ', y' _n ,
z ′ _n ) is read and converted into (x _n , y _n , z _n ), which is displayed and recorded.

Each measured value is calculated using this coordinate value.

When the coordinate conversion from the x'-y'-z 'coordinate system of the light-wave rangefinder to the steel tower coordinate system is performed, the conversion value d of the origin is obtained.
x, dy, dz and the rotation angle α of the coordinate system are: dx = −x ₁ ′ dy = −y ₁ ′ dz = −z ₁ ′ α = ARCTAN {(y ₂ ′ −y ₁ ′) / (x ₂ ′ -x ₁ ')} ₍₁₎ represented by, for these measuring points measured by laser rangefinder based coordinates _{(x n', y 'n} , z' n) the pylons coordinate system by the following equation ( x _n , y _n , z _n ). Installation dimensions for _{x n = x n '· cosα} -y n' · sinα + dx y n = x n '· sinα + y n' · cosα + dy z n = x n '+ dz (2) for example A leg becomes the following equation.

[0066] opposite side slope distance _{A-B: {(xa 4} -xb 2) 2 + (ya 4 -yb 2) 2 + (z a 4 -zb 2) 2} 1/2 A-D: {(xa 2 ^{_{-xd 4) 2 + (ya 2}} -yd 4) 2 + (z a 2 -zd 4) 2} 1/2 diagonal slope distance A-C (B): { (xa 5 -xc 1) 2 + ( ^{_{ya 5 -yc 1) 2 + (}} za 5 -zc 1) 2} 1/2 A-C (D): {(xa 1 -xc 5) 2 + (ya 1 -yc 5) 2 + (za 1 - zc ₅ ) ² } ^1/2 diagonal dimension 0-A: (xa ₃ ² + ya ₃ ² ) ^1/2 level 0-A za ₃ (3) The same can be calculated for each leg.

When actually measuring the measuring point of the flange at the site,
There is a possibility that measurement errors such as mirror installation error and collimation eye measurement error may occur, and the method of adopting the actual measurement values will be described below.

As shown in FIG. 10, the coordinates a _n of each measurement point are calculated assuming that a flange having a diameter φ is mounted on a post whose center coordinate is a _{0 and} which rotates by Δf. Let αd be the measured fall dimension (diagonal opening coefficient) of the leg material,

[0069]

[Equation 1]

From the above, the coordinates a _n of each measurement point are as follows.

[0071]

[Equation 2]

These coordinates are used as ideal coordinates for each measurement. The difference Δa _n between the measured coordinate a _n 'and the ideal coordinate a _n is Δa ₁ = a ₁ ′ −a ₁ , Δa ₂ = a ₂ ′ −a ₂ , Δa ₃ = a ₃ ′ −a ₃ Δa ₄ = a ₄ ′. −a ₄ , Δa ₅ = a ₅ ′ −a ₅ , Δa ₆ = a ₆ ′ −a ₆ (6) If these values are significantly different, a remeasurement instruction is given assuming that the measurement error is large.

Next, regarding the setting of the design coordinates of each measurement point and the center of the flange of each leg, for example, in the case of A leg, FIG.
Shown in. Design coordinates are (X _n , Y _n , Z _n ), and actually measured coordinates are (x _n , y _n , z _n ). The coordinates at point A are symbolically expressed as follows. A _n = (X _n , Y _n , Z _n ) a _n = (x _n , y _n , z _n ) The center coordinates of the flange are represented by A ₀ and a ₀ .

Further, the design coordinates and the actually measured coordinates of the other legs are expressed as follows.・ Design coordinates B leg Center coordinates = B ₀ , Measurement point coordinates = B
_n C leg center coordinate = C ₀ , measurement point coordinate = C _n D leg center coordinate = D ₀ , measurement point coordinate = D _n / actual side coordinate B leg center coordinate = b ₀ , measurement point coordinate = b
_n C leg center coordinates = c ₀ , measurement point coordinates = c _n D leg center coordinates = d ₀ , measurement point coordinates = d _{n The} flange center coordinates can be expressed as follows. A ₀ = (A ₁ + A ₃ + A ₅ + A ₆ ) / 4, a ₀ ≈ (a ₁ + a ₃ + a ₅ + a ₆ ) / 4 B ₀ = (B ₁ + B ₃ + B ₅ + B ₆ ) / 4, b ₀ ≈ (B ₁ + b ₃ + b ₅ + b ₆ ) / 4 C ₀ = (C ₁ + C ₃ + C ₅ + C ₆ ) / 4, c ₀ ≈ (c ₁ + c ₃ + c ₅ + c ₆ ) / 4 D ₀ = (D ₁ + D ₃ + D ₅ + D ₆ ) / 4, d ₀ ≈ (d ₁ + d ₃ + d ₅ + d ₆ ) / 4 (7) The difference between each design coordinate and the measured coordinate is expressed by the following equation. _{ΔA n = a n -A n ΔB} n = b n -B n ΔC n = c n -C n ΔD n = d n -D n (8) Next, with reference to FIG. 12 for correction of the tower centered coordinate system Explain.

In many cases, the construction of the steel tower foundation cannot be performed simultaneously with the four legs depending on the conditions such as topography and machine tools. For example, when the A and C legs are constructed in advance and the B and D legs are constructed later, concrete is already placed in the A and C legs, and when installing the B and D legs, A, The C leg cannot be moved.

If there is some error in the installation of the leading legs, it is more harmful to the steel tower structure and the steel tower assembly to install the remaining legs based on the leading legs than to design the center of the tower. Does not reach. Further, the error is on the order of several mm, and has no influence on the line. Assuming such a case, the error (correction amount) at the center of the tower will be understood.

The design coordinates of the center of the tower are set to P ₀ (0, 0,
0), the coordinate with respect to the leg is p ₀ , and the difference is ΔP ₀ . Let ΔP ₀ be the average of the center errors of each leg. ΔP ₀ = (na · ΔA ₀ + nb · ΔB ₀ + nc · ΔC ₀ + nd · ΔD ₀ ) / 4 <however, na, nb, nc, and nd have 1 for the completed construction leg and 0 for the installation leg. > (9) Next, assuming that the difference between the normal diagonal direction around p ₀ and the actual installation direction of each leg is the rotation angles ΔF _a , ΔF _b , ΔF _c , and ΔF _d , the rotation of the tower center The angle ΔF ₀ is calculated by the following equation. ΔF ₀ = (na · ΔF _a + nb · ΔF _b + nc · ΔF _c + nd · ΔF _d ) / 4 (10) From the above, the coordinate system obtained from the previously constructed leg rotates at the center coordinate ΔP ₀ in the regular coordinate system. The correction is made by the angle ΔF ₀ . Therefore, the newly installed leg may be installed on this corrected coordinate system.

Next, in order to instruct the installation correction of each leg (flange), the installation error of each leg is grasped.

As shown in FIG. 13, design coordinates A of each measurement point
The error between _n and the measured coordinate a _n is obtained as follows. (However, the coordinate system shall be corrected for the tower center coordinates.)
From equations (7) and (8), the flange center coordinates are as follows in terms of design and actual measurement.

The center coordinates are as follows in terms of design and actual measurement. A ₀ = (A ₁ + A ₃ + A ₅ + A ₆ ) / 4 a ₀ = (a ₁ + a ₃ + a ₅ + a ₆ ) / 4 (11) Also, the installation error between the leg design coordinates and the measured coordinates is as follows. . _{ΔA 0 ≒ a 0 -A 0 (} 12) then determine the rotation angle f _n for each measurement point a _n around the a _0.

[0081]

[Equation 3]

Similarly, the designed rotation angle F around A _0
n becomes the following formula.

[0083]

[Equation 4]

Designed rotation angle F _n and measured rotation angle f _n
The difference coordinate ΔF _{n with} is ΔF _n = f _n −F _n (15), and the average value of these is taken as the rotation angle error coordinate ΔFa of the leg. ΔFa = ΣΔF _n / 6 (16) The leg installation error measured from equations (12) and (16) is the center coordinate Δ.
This means that at A ₀ , it is rotating by ΔFa.

Next, the movement of the leg material due to the installation fine adjustment work will be described.

The fine adjustment work for the installation is performed by moving the support and the leg material base, and it is necessary to understand how the leg material moves in each work.

(1) Movement by Installation Support Adjustment Consider a case where there is a support in the x and y axis directions and the post top a ₀ is moved by (Δx ₁ , Δy ₁ ) as shown in FIG. .

[0088]

[Equation 5]

(2) Movement due to adjustment of the leg material base portion As shown in FIG. 16, the foot portion base portion supported by the support is Δ.
x ₂ , Δy ₂ Change amount of top Δx ₂ ′, Δ when moving
y ₂ 'is

[0090]

[Equation 6]

(3) Movement by adjusting leg material level adjusting bolt As shown in FIG. 17 (a), it can be assumed that the change of the leg material by the level adjusting bolt has almost no effect in the x and y axis directions. Therefore, the fall and the change in standing can be ignored.

The level change amount Δz ₃ due to the adjustment amount Δz ′ of the adjustment bolt is Δz ₃ = Δz ′ (29) (4) Movement due to rotation of leg material As shown in FIG. _{When the} leg is rotated around ₀ , the center coordinates do not change, so the influence on the level, fall, and standing can be ignored.

However, the "performance" and "measurement point coordinates" change.

From the above, by the support ((Δx ₁ , Δy
₁ ), post (flange) center coordinates a ₀ when the base part is finely adjusted (Δx ₂ , Δy ₂ ) and the level is Δz _3.
The change in is as shown in Table 1 below.

[0095]

[Table 1]

Therefore, the installation error around the leg material is Δa.
_{In the case of 0} (Δx, Δy, Δz), ΔαD, and ΔβD, the above items are satisfied (Δx ₁ , Δy ₁ ) and (Δx ₂ , Δy).
₂ ) and Δz ₃ can be obtained for fine adjustment.

The adjustment amount of each work point is calculated from the above relational expression.

[0098]

[Equation 7]

From the above equation, the post center (flange surface) installation error during measurement is Δa ₀ (Δx, Δy, Δz), Δa
When D and ΔβD, the fine adjustment amount of the top part by the support: Δx ₁ , Δy ₁ The fine adjustment amount of the base part: Δx ₂ , Δy ₂ The fine adjustment amount of the level adjustment bolt: Δz ₃ is obtained as follows.

[0100]

[Equation 8]

The above is a detailed description of the measurement calculation processing executed according to the flowchart of FIG. 8. The results of this calculation processing are shown in FIGS. 18 to 25, respectively.

FIG. 18 shows the input values of the design conditions for the steel tower. FIG. 19 shows the calculation result of the design coordinates of each leg based on the design data. FIG. 20 shows the calculation results of the installation design dimensions such as the diagonal dimension and diagonal diagonal distance for each leg based on the above design data. FIG. 21 is an output screen of the reference line and the diagonal oblique distance change reference.

FIG. 22 is an output screen of actually measured values for the diagonal diagonal distance value of each leg. FIG. 23 shows the difference between the design value and the value assumed to have the ideal flange based on the average value of the measurement points. FIG. 24 shows the difference between the measured value and the design value at the measurement point. FIG. 25 shows the installation error correction instruction values for the A and C legs when the B and D legs have completed the concrete pouring.

In the above embodiment, in principle, the optical rangefinder is installed at a position where all four legs can be seen, but it is inevitable that the measurement can be performed even when all four legs cannot be seen. is there.

Consider, for example, the case where the optical distance measuring device in FIG. 9 is moved from the position shown to the point Q. First, assuming that the two legs C and D can be seen at the original position in the figure, the positions of the two legs C and D are measured at the original position. Next, if the user moves to the point Q and can see the two legs of C and D again, when the two legs of C and D are measured again at the point Q, the exact positions of the legs of C and D are determined. Therefore, the design seat can be set through this position and through the center of the designed steel tower.

Similarly, the two legs A and B may be measured from the position where only the two legs A and B are visible, and the four legs A, B, C and D may be measured. As you can see from the above, A,
If at least two of the four legs B, C and D are visible, the positions of all the legs can be accurately measured by the method of the present invention.

[0107]

As described above in detail, the leg material installation and adjustment method according to the present invention measures the position of the leg material of the steel tower structure temporarily installed in the excavation hole provided near the set position with the optical rangefinder, and falls, The standing was measured with an inclinometer, and it was decided to compare the measured value with the design value and finely adjust the mounting state of each leg so that it was within the allowable error. The installation position of the leg material can be adjusted to an accurate position based on the measurement, and the adjustment can be done based on the accurate measurement instead of relying on intuition and experience as in the past, so there is little rework and the adjustment work There are great advantages such as less difficulty.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for measuring the installation size of leg members according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an example of a lightwave rangefinder.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a setting tool including a reflection mirror.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the above.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an inclinometer.

FIG. 6 is a functional explanatory diagram of the same as above.

FIG. 7 is an overall schematic block diagram of a measuring apparatus according to an embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of arithmetic processing in the measuring device.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a coordinate system of measurement points including a lightwave rangefinder.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a coordinate system of measurement points on the A leg.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of a coordinate error at the center of a steel tower.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of a leg flange installation error.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of a measurement error of a leg flange.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of the movement of the top of the leg material due to the fine adjustment work.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of changes in leg material level, level, and standing due to fine adjustment work.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of movement of the top of the leg material by adjusting the leg material base.

FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram of a level change due to the level adjustment of leg material.

FIG. 18 is a diagram showing an input screen for design conditions of a tower structure.

FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a calculation result of design coordinates of each leg.

FIG. 20 is a diagram showing the calculation result of the design dimensions in the above.

FIG. 21 is a diagram showing an input screen for reference lines and coordinate change criteria.

FIG. 22 is a diagram showing an output screen of measured values.

FIG. 23 is a diagram showing a difference display screen between the average value of the measurement points and the design value.

FIG. 24 is a diagram showing a difference display screen between measured values and design values at measurement points.

FIG. 25: Concrete pouring completed B, A for D leg,
Chart showing installation error correction instruction screen for C leg

FIG. 26 is an explanatory view of a conventional leg installation method.

FIG. 27 is an explanatory view of a measurement method in a conventional leg installation method.

FIG. 28 is an explanatory view of a measuring method in a conventional leg installation method.

FIG. 29 is an explanatory diagram of an indirect distance measuring method used in the above measuring method.

FIG. 30 is an explanatory diagram of the installation correction work in the installation method above.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Light-wave rangefinder 2 Reflecting mirror 3 Leg material 4 Installation base 5 Support 6 Drilling hole 7 Inclinometer 8 Personal computer 9 Communication cable

Front page continuation (72) Inventor Shiro Matsuo 2-34-1 Honjo Higashi, Kita-ku, Osaka City Kindennai Stock Company

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of legs of a steel tower structure whose center point is determined beforehand by surveying are temporarily installed in excavation holes excavated in the vicinity of the respective installation positions, and a lightwave rangefinder is installed at an arbitrary position to generate a lightwave. Emitting, installing a reflection mirror on the top of each leg and receiving the reflected light wave, measuring the distance to the leg by the phase difference measurement method and standing each leg by the inclinometer attached to each leg,
Measure the fall, and find the center of the tower from the center position data of each footing obtained by the lightwave measurement, and convert the center position of each footing to the iron tower coordinate system with this as the origin. Stands for steel tower structures, which consist of comparing standing and falling measured values with design values and finely adjusting the mounting condition of each leg so that each measured value is within a specified tolerance with respect to the designed value. Installation and adjustment method. 2. The amount of movement of each of the support for supporting the vicinity of the top of the leg material and the mounting state obtained by the measurement for moving the mounting state obtained by the measurement so that the installation error around the leg material falls within the allowable error. Is calculated in advance, and the fine adjustment is performed by moving it based on the result, and the method for installing and adjusting legs of a steel tower structure according to claim 1.