JPH1038573A - Target for center coordinate measurement - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To omit the preliminary assembling process of a bridge part member and improve the working efficiency, by using a target at a measurement point, and obtaining the measurement data on the bridge part member, from the three-dimensional coordinates of a target center which are obtained by collimation with a range finder goniometer. SOLUTION: A target 10 for center coordinate measurement which is used in order to measure the distance between centers of holes (bolt holes) formed at specific positions of a bridge part member of continuous length is equipped with a target main body 13 and a retroreflection surface 14 provided with a hole center corresponding index 15. The main body 13 is collectively formed in a unified body with a hole engaging part 11 and a frame part 12 abutting against the peripheral part of the hole. The hole engaging part 11 of the target 10 is engaged with a hole formed in the part member of continuous length, and the retroreflection surface 14 is arranged on the end surface 11a of the hole engaging part 11 so that the surface 14 is made flush with the hole periphery. From the three-dimensional coordinates of the target 10 center which are measured by collimation with a range finder goniometer, accurate data of the bridge part member are obtained. By comparing the data with design data, difference is determined and the bridge part member is collected. Thereby it is made unnecessary to preliminarily assemble the bridge part member and confirm the consistency.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a target for surveying, and more particularly to a center coordinate measuring method in which a target is arranged at a measuring point and three-dimensional coordinates of the center of the target are obtained by a distance measuring angle square in surveying a bridge member. For the target.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, in order to complete a bridge,
First, design data of a bridge member constituting a bridge is created, a bridge member is created based on the data, the bridge member is measured with a tape measure and calipers, and the difference between the design data and the measurement data is determined. To correct the bridge members.

[0003] In order to measure a bridge member, work is performed using a tape measure and a caliper as described above. At this time, as shown in FIG. 19, in order to measure the distance l between the centers of the bolt holes 121, first, the total length L is measured using a tape measure, and then the distance from the bridge end 122 to the center of the bolt hole 121 is measured. l ₁ and l ₂ are measured with a vernier caliper to obtain the total length L.
The distance l between the centers of the bolt holes 121 is obtained by subtracting the distance l ₁ and the distance l ₂ from.

[0004] The difference between the measurement data and the design data obtained as described above is determined, and the bridge member modified as necessary is further temporarily assembled to specify an inconsistent portion, and the bridge member is identified. Had been modified. The temporarily assembled bridge members were dismantled and then transported to the site for actual assembly work.

[0005]

In a conventional measuring operation of a bridge member, since a tape measure and a caliper are used for the measurement, the measurement accuracy is poor, and it is difficult to measure a long distance, so that an accurate value is measured. It was impossible. Furthermore, since the measuring operation is manual, there is a disadvantage that efficiency cannot be improved.

Further, since each bridge member is a very large member, a large assembling space is required to perform a temporary assembly in an actual state with these bridge members, and the assembling and disassembling are extensive and time consuming. However, there is a disadvantage that it needs to be performed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to measure a bridge member using a target at a measurement point, collimating the target with a distance measuring angle finder to determine the three-dimensional coordinates of the center of the target, and obtaining a more accurate bridge member from the three-dimensional coordinates. It is an object of the present invention to provide a center coordinate measuring target that can obtain the measurement data of (1) and omitting the step of temporarily assembling the bridge member and improving the working efficiency.

[0008]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a target for measuring center coordinates, which is a target for measuring a distance between the centers of holes provided at predetermined positions of a long member,
The target for measurement is provided with a target body integrally formed with a hole engaging portion that engages with the hole provided in the long member and a frame portion that comes into contact with a peripheral portion of the hole, and the hole center corresponding index is provided. A retroreflective surface, wherein the retroreflective surface is disposed on an end face of the hole engaging portion so as to be flush with the periphery of the hole.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the center coordinate measuring target is a measuring target for measuring a distance between the centers of holes provided at predetermined positions of the long member, and the measuring target is a long member. A target body integrally formed with a hole engaging portion that engages with the hole and a frame portion that abuts on a peripheral portion of the hole, and a retroreflective surface provided with the hole center corresponding index, A retroreflective surface is provided on the end face of the hole engaging portion so as to be inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the periphery of the hole, and the index corresponding to the center of the hole is located on a horizontal line of the periphery of the hole.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a target for measuring center coordinates, comprising: a step of creating bridge member design data; a step of creating a bridge member based on the design data created in the step; A step of creating measurement data of the member, and a step of determining the difference between the measurement data of the bridge member and the design data, wherein the target is a target of the created bridge member. It is arranged in a bolt hole, collimated by a distance measuring angle meter, and three-dimensional coordinates at the center are obtained.

The retroreflective surface in the first, second and third aspects is formed of a reflective prism sheet.

Preferably, at least one or more permanent magnets are provided in the frame portion according to the first, second, and third aspects.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A center coordinate measuring target 10 according to the present invention is a measuring target for measuring the distance between the centers of holes 21 provided at predetermined positions of a long member 20. This measurement target is composed of a target body 13 and
A retroreflective surface 14 provided with a hole center correspondence index 15. The target main body 13 is formed by integrally forming a hole engaging portion 11 that engages with a hole 21 provided in the long member 20 and a frame portion 12 that contacts the peripheral portion of the hole 21. Then, the retroreflective surface 14 is disposed on the end face of the hole engaging portion 11 so as to be flush with the periphery of the hole.

Alternatively, the retroreflective surface 14 is disposed on the end face of the hole engaging portion 11 so as to be inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the peripheral edge of the hole 21, and the hole center corresponding index 15 is located on a horizontal line of the peripheral surface of the hole 21. I do.

In the measurement of bridge members, instead of the conventional manual operation using a tape measure and calipers, a target is used as a measurement point, and a three-dimensional coordinate of the center of the target is obtained by collimating with a distance measuring angle finder. It is possible to obtain more accurate measurement data of bridge members than three-dimensional coordinates.

The difference is determined by comparing the measurement data of the bridge member obtained as described above with the design data at the design stage, and the bridge member is corrected. For this reason, there is no need to temporarily assemble the bridge member and further check the consistency of the bridge member, and it is possible to omit the temporary assembling step, thereby improving work efficiency.

[0017]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The members, arrangements, and the like described below do not limit the present invention, and can be variously modified within the scope of the present invention.

FIGS. 1 to 8 show an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a front view of a target for central coordinate measurement, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the target for central coordinate measurement, and FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the target for central coordinate measurement, FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing the use state of the target for central coordinate measurement, and FIGS. 6 and 8 are measurements of the target for central coordinate measurement. FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a part A in FIG.

The target 10 for measuring the central coordinates of this embodiment is:
This is for measuring three-dimensional coordinates in the elongated member 20, and includes a hole engaging portion 11, a frame portion 12 formed integrally with the hole engaging portion to form the target body 13, and a retroreflective surface 14. And are the main components.

The long member 20 in this embodiment is an H rope as a bridge member constituting a bridge or the like. As shown in FIG. 6, a hole 21 for inserting a bolt required at the time of assembly is provided at an end. Is provided.

The center coordinate measuring target 10 of this embodiment
As shown in FIG. 1, the hole engaging portion 11
1 and is formed so as to be able to fit into the hole 21 of the long member 20.

Further, a tapered portion 11b is provided at the end of the hole engaging portion 11 on the side fitted to the hole 21, so that the hole engaging portion 11 can be easily fitted into the hole 21.

When the hole engaging portion 11 is engaged with the hole 21, the end surface 11a on the opposite side to the end surface entering the inside of the hole.
Is formed so that a reflective sheet to be described later is adhered thereto and is flush with the peripheral surface of the hole 21.

The target 10 for measuring the central coordinates of this embodiment
As shown in FIG. 4, the frame portion 12 is formed integrally with the hole engaging portion 11 to form a target body 13. The diameter of the frame portion 12 is formed to be larger than the diameter of the hole engaging portion 11. When the frame portion 12 stops at the periphery of the hole 21 in the long member 20, the target main body 13 becomes long. At the periphery of the 20 hole.

The frame 12a of the frame 12 is formed so as to surround the end face 11a of the hole engaging portion 11, and the inner space 12c surrounded by the frame 12a has an opening 12b.
The opening 12b is formed so as to become widest toward the center.

An edge 12d is formed at the upper end of the frame 12. This edge 12d is hard to slip when the operator's finger is caught when holding the target body 13 by hand,
This is for making the target body 13 easily fit into the hole 21.

A retroreflective surface 14 is formed on the end surface 11a of the hole engaging portion 11 surrounded by the frame 12a of the frame portion 12.
The retroreflective surface 14 includes a circular reflective prism sheet as shown in FIG. 2 and a hole center corresponding index 15 provided on the reflective prism sheet.

The reflection prism sheet is a flexible transparent reflector in which micro prisms are formed in a dense state,
There is a property that incident light is directly reflected toward the incident direction.

An index 15 corresponding to the center of the hole is provided on the smooth surface of the reflection prism sheet, and the index 15 corresponding to the center of the hole is composed of a cross line 15a and a circle 15b. Then, the retroreflective surface 14 is formed by attaching the reflective prism sheet to the end surface 11a of the hole engaging portion 11. At this time, the center of the cross line 15 a of the hole center correspondence index 15 attached to the reflection prism sheet is aligned with the hole 21 when the hole engaging portion 11 is engaged with the hole 21 of the elongated member 20. Affixed to match the center.

The retroreflective surface 14 is configured to be flush with the peripheral surface of the hole 21 when the hole engaging portion 11 is engaged with the hole 21.

The frame 12 is provided with a magnet 16. The magnet 16 is a permanent magnet, and is disposed on the frame portion 12 so as to be at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the engagement surface with the hole peripheral portion, and is exposed from the frame portion 12 and adheres to the peripheral portion of the hole 21. Then, the target body 13 is fixed.

Next, the target 10 for measuring the center coordinates of the present embodiment.
A method for measuring the long member 20 using the method will be described.

The long member 20 in the present invention is measured by using a distance measuring angle finder 30 as shown in FIG. The range finder 30 of this example measures a distance directly by using a light wave by a phase difference between reflected light and reference light, and the altitude angle horizontal angle is measured by an encoder. A CPU is built in the distance measuring angle finder 30, and the obtained measured values are corrected according to weather conditions and the like, and the measured distance is digitally displayed. In addition, the distance measuring angle finder 30 is mounted on a tripod.

First, the range finder 30 is set at an appropriate position. Then, the target 10 for measuring the central coordinates is moved to the long member 2.
It is made to engage with the hole 21 and to face the measuring instrument 30. At this time, the center coordinate measurement target 10 is formed on the surface 22 of the long member 20 that is perpendicular to the ground surface such that the retroreflective surface 14 of the center coordinate measurement target 10 faces the distance measurement angle finder 30 side. The hole 21 is engaged. Then, the distance measuring goniometer 30 receives the reflected light from the retroreflective surface 14 of the target 10 for central coordinate measurement, and measures the three-dimensional coordinates of the target 10 for central coordinate measurement.

The above measurement is carried out with the center coordinate measuring targets 10 to be measured being positioned in different holes 21 respectively.
Then, the three-dimensional coordinates of each target 10 for measuring the central coordinates, that is, the central coordinates of the hole (x
₁ , y ₁ , z ₁ ) and (x ₂ , y ₂ , z ₂ ) are measured, and from these three-dimensional coordinates, the distance l between the centers of the holes 21 can be calculated by the following equation.

[0036]

(Equation 1)

As described above, several measuring points are set in the same cross section of the long member 20 and are collimated by the distance measuring and angle measuring angle 30 to obtain the collimated measuring points as shown in FIG. The position data is taken in a three-dimensional coordinate system, and the distance between the measurement points 2 can be obtained by coordinate calculation.

9 to 17 show another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a front view of a target for central coordinate measurement, FIG. 10 is a plan view of the target for central coordinate measurement, and FIG. FIG. 12 is a bottom view of the target for central coordinate measurement, FIG. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view of the target for central coordinate measurement, and FIGS.
FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing the use state of the target for measuring center coordinates, FIG. 14 is a view as viewed from the direction of the arrow C in FIG. 13, and FIG.
It is a B section enlarged view in 5. In this embodiment, the same members and the like as those in the previous embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.

In the above embodiment, the end surface 11a of the hole engaging portion 11
A reflective prism sheet provided with a hole center correspondence index 15 is adhered to the retroreflective surface 14 to form the retroreflective surface 1.
4 shows an example in which the target main body 13 is flush with the peripheral surface of the hole 21 when the target body 13 is engaged with the hole 21. In this example, however, the center coordinate measurement in which the retroreflective surface 14 has an angle θ is shown. The target 10 will be described.

Also in the center coordinate measuring target 10 of this embodiment, the target main body 13 is constituted by the hole engaging portion 11 and the frame portion 12.

In the hole engaging portion 11 of the present embodiment, a portion of the long member 20 that engages with the hole 21 is formed in a cylindrical shape so as to be fittable into the hole 21, and is surrounded by the frame portion 12. End face 11a
Is formed at a predetermined angle θ with respect to the frame portion 12. At this time, the end surface 11a is formed such that when the hole engaging portion 11 is engaged with the hole 21, a vertical line passing through the center of the hole 21 and a horizontal line passing through the hole peripheral surface intersect on the end surface 11a. You.

The frame 12a of the frame 12 is formed integrally with the hole engaging portion 11 similarly to the above embodiment, and the ends 12f, 12f formed to have the same width are located on both sides of the end face 11a. The configuration is as follows.

In this embodiment, the retroreflective surface 14 is a cross line 15 of the hole center correspondence index 15 attached to the reflective prism sheet.
a so that the center and the center of the hole 21 coincide with each other.
a.

With the above-described configuration, the target 10 for measuring center coordinates in the present example is the retroreflective surface 1.
4 is inclined at a predetermined angle θ with respect to the hole peripheral surface, and the center of the cross line 15 a of the hole center corresponding index 15 is located on the horizontal line of the peripheral surface of the hole 21.

As described above, since the retroreflective surface 14 of the target body 13 is inclined, the target 10 for measuring the center coordinates is placed on the horizontal surface 23 of the long member 20 as shown in FIG. Even if it is positioned, since the retroreflective surface 14 is arranged facing the distance measuring angle horn 30, light emitted from the retroreflective surface 14 of the center coordinate measuring target 10 is received by the light receiving portion of the distance measuring angle horn 30. The linear distance from the measuring device 30 to the target 10 for measuring the central coordinates can be measured.

FIG. 18 shows a target 10 for measuring center coordinates.
5 shows a measurement point P when measurement is performed using. In each of the embodiments described above, the measurement point P is located on the horizontal line of the surface of the long member 20 on the measuring device side.

In the above-described embodiment, an example in which three magnets 16 are provided in the frame portion 12 has been described. However, the number of magnets is not limited to three, but may be any number of one or more.

The hole 21 which is a bolt hole on the long member 20 in the above embodiment is not limited to a circular hole, but may be any shape as long as the target 10 for measuring center coordinates, such as an ellipse or a polygon, can be fitted. It may be formed in any shape.

Next, the flow from the measurement of the bridge member by the above embodiment to the completion of the bridge will be described.

First, design data on bridge members required for bridge construction is created. Then, a bridge member is created based on the design data.

Next, the target is arranged in the bolt hole of the bridge member, the target is collimated by the distance measuring angle finder, and the three-dimensional coordinate value at the center of the target is obtained to generate the measurement data of the bridge member. .

Then, the difference is determined by comparing the design data with the measurement data. If the design data differs from the measurement data, modify the bridge members as necessary. As described in the above embodiment, accurate measurement data can be obtained from the measurement data by obtaining the three-dimensional coordinates of the center of the target using a distance measuring angle square.

By determining the difference using the accurate measurement data, it is not necessary to temporarily assemble the bridge member and further check the consistency of the bridge member, and the temporary assembling step can be omitted. Then, the corrected bridge member can be directly transported to the site to perform an actual assembling operation.

[0054]

As described above, according to the present invention, in measuring a bridge member, a target is used as a reference point, and a three-dimensional coordinate of the center of the target is obtained by collimating with a distance measuring goniometer. Accurate measurement data of a bridge member can be obtained, and a step of temporarily assembling the bridge member can be omitted, thereby improving work efficiency.

Further, the measurement can be performed at any time, and the measuring point can be easily removed as needed and restored to the same position again easily.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a target for central coordinate measurement according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a center coordinate measuring target according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a bottom view of a target for central coordinate measurement according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a target for central coordinate measurement according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a use state of a center coordinate measuring target according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a measurement method using the target for central coordinate measurement according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion A in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a measuring method using the target for measuring center coordinates according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a front view of a target for measuring center coordinates according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a plan view of a center coordinate measuring target according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a bottom view of a center coordinate measuring target according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view of a center coordinate measuring target according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing a use state of a center coordinate measuring target according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a view taken in the direction of the arrow C in FIG. 11;

FIG. 15 is an explanatory view showing a measuring method using a target for measuring center coordinates in another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is an enlarged view of a portion B in FIG.

FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing a measuring method using a target for measuring center coordinates in another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram showing measurement points in measurement using a target for central coordinate measurement.

FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram showing a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Target for central coordinate measurement 11 Hole engaging part 11a End face 12 Frame part 12a Frame body 12b Opening 12c Inner space 12d Edge part 12f End part 13 Target main body 14 Retroreflective surface 15 Hole center corresponding coordinate 15a Cross line 15b Round 16 Magnet 20 Long member 21 Hole 30 Surveying instrument θ Angle P Measurement point

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A measurement target for measuring a distance between the centers of holes provided at predetermined positions of a long member, wherein the measurement target is a hole target engaged with the holes provided on the long member. A target body integrally formed with a joint portion and a frame portion that abuts on a peripheral portion of the hole, and a retroreflective surface provided with the hole center correspondence index, and the retroreflective surface is an end surface of the hole engaging portion. A center coordinate measuring target disposed so as to be flush with the periphery of the hole. 2. A measurement target for measuring a distance between the centers of holes provided at predetermined positions of a long member, wherein the measurement target is a hole engagement member that engages with the hole provided on the long member. A target body integrally formed with a joint portion and a frame portion that abuts on a peripheral portion of the hole, and a retroreflective surface provided with the hole center correspondence index, and the retroreflective surface is an end surface of the hole engaging portion. Disposed so as to be inclined at a predetermined angle with the periphery of the hole,
The center coordinate measuring target, wherein the hole center correspondence index is located on a horizontal line of a hole peripheral surface. A step of creating design data of the bridge member, a step of creating a bridge member based on the design data created in the step, a step of creating measurement data of the created bridge member, A step of determining the difference between the measured data of the bridge member and the design data, the target being arranged in a bolt hole of the created bridge member, A center coordinate measuring target for measuring a bridge member, wherein the target is three-dimensional coordinates at the center. 4. The center coordinate measuring target according to claim 1, wherein said retroreflective surface is formed of a reflective prism sheet. 5. The center coordinate measuring target according to claim 1, wherein at least one permanent magnet is provided in said frame portion.