JPH0985175A - Sorting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sorting device using no air current or a device for performing sorting by instantaneously using an extremely small quantity of air. SOLUTION: In a sorting device using difference in specific gravity to perform sorting for recovering combustibles from solid wastes such as refuse to remove incombustible, a sorting dam 5 of a fixed height is installed on a carrying surface 2 for carrying by vibration a material to be treated to make a heavy material settle and remain on the upstream side of the sorting device 5. Thereby the solid wastes material is sorted into a light material and the heavy material.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention uses a difference in specific gravities when processing general waste collected from homes, bulky waste, and solid waste such as house demolition waste and industrial waste. The present invention relates to a vibration sorting device for sorting.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Crushing into a single material state as much as possible when processing solid waste such as garbage or when taking out reusable material from the processed material and removing material unsuitable for reuse After that, a sorting operation is performed. Since various miscellaneous materials are mixed from small shape to large shape, it is not suitable to sort such solid matter by size, and it is not suitable to sort by size.A wind sorter using cross wind, a vertical zigzag wind sorter, vibration The specific gravity difference sorter that uses both and fluidized airflow is used.

[0003] The horizontal wind power sorter is a method of discharging a treated product above a cross wind and utilizing the difference between the drag force given by the air flow and the flight distance due to gravity settling.

The vertical zigzag sorter is a method of introducing a treated material in the middle of a zigzag airflow passage and applying a drag force from the gas and the action of gravity to sort.

Further, in the combined system of vibration and fluidized air flow, the object to be processed is fluidized on the vibrating surface, and the difference in the moving direction is generated depending on the specific gravity of the object to be used. It is a method of selection.

[0006]

However, in the above-described conventional horizontal type wind power sorter, the sorting chamber has a length corresponding to the flight distance of the processed material and a huge volume such as a space necessary for sedimentation. In addition, any method including a zigzag sorter and a specific gravity difference sorter that uses both vibration and airflow basically uses the force of the steady-state airflow, and therefore requires a large amount of air. There are drawbacks. Also,
In any of the above methods, an extremely light film-like material or fine dust that does not completely settle is included in the air flow after the heavy material is settled and separated, and in order to separate these scattered materials, a cyclone or However, there is a drawback in that a solid-gas separation / collection device such as a bag filter is required.

Moreover, since these scattered materials are extremely light, they are difficult to fall off at the solid discharging portion of the collecting device, and there is a drawback that the discharging port is blocked. Furthermore, when handling waste such as municipal waste, the air used for sorting is contaminated with the odor emitted from the treated material, so deodorizing and other treatments are required, and deodorizing equipment is required. As ventilation resistance was added, the power of the blower increased, and there were problems associated with odor control.

In view of the problems such as solid-gas separation and deodorization which are caused by a large amount of air used for the sorting operation in the conventional method in sorting these wastes, the present invention does not use an air flow. Alternatively, it is an object of the present invention to provide a device for sorting by instantaneously using an extremely small amount of air flow.

[0009]

To achieve the above object, the first aspect of the present invention uses a specific gravity difference for recovering combustible materials from solid waste such as garbage and removing incombustible materials. In the sorting device for sorting, a weir of a certain height is provided on the transfer surface on which the processed material moves due to vibration, and the heavy material in the processed material is settled and accumulated on the upstream side of the weir, so that the lightweight material and the heavy material can be collected. It is characterized by separating.

A second aspect of the present invention is a sorting apparatus which collects combustible substances from solid waste such as dust and sorts them by using a specific gravity difference for removing incombustible substances, and conveys the treated substances by vibration. A circular or spiral weir with a certain height is provided on the circular transport surface, and the heavy and heavy objects in the processed material are allowed to settle and accumulate on the upstream side of the weir. Characterize.

According to the above construction, for example, the processed material is mixed with the heavy and light objects and flows down on the conveying surface due to vibration. At this time, on a transfer surface such as a weir that has no resistance, it moves at the same speed regardless of the specific gravity. Even when the processed material is intensively charged at a certain position in the width direction or the circumferential direction, the fluidizing action by vibration causes the flow to diffuse in the width direction and form a uniform layer.

Further, if there is an obstacle such as a weir, the resistance of the obstacle reduces the moving speed of the processed material and causes retention immediately before the weir. This phenomenon is similar to the water level and flow in a dam.

In the case of a solid material, a vibrating fluidized bed is formed by the action of vibration while the treated material is retained just before the weir,
Trying to get over the weir. At this time, since the action of gravity is different between the heavy object and the light object, the heavy object does not easily float, and the light object easily floats, which causes a difference in the levitation motion corresponding to the difference in specific gravity. Therefore, the heavy object cannot pass over the weir and stays just before the weir, and the light object passes over the weir and flows down. As a result, heavy and light items are sorted by the weir.

[0014]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of a first mode of a sorting apparatus according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 9.
1 is a sectional view showing a first embodiment of a sorting apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing details of a sorting portion of the sorting apparatus. In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, reference numeral 1 is a main body frame of the sorting apparatus, and in the main body frame 1, a transport surface 2 for transporting a processed material, and a transport surface 2 located below the transport surface 2 and transporting heavy objects. A heavy object transport surface 3 is provided. An oscillator 4 is disposed below the body frame 1, and the body frame 1 is vibrated by the vibration of the oscillator 4 in the arrow direction.
The processed object on the transfer surface 2 and the heavy object on the heavy object transfer surface 3 are transferred in one direction (arrow direction in FIG. 1).

Further, at a predetermined position on the transfer surface 2, a sorting weir 5 is provided.
Is erected. The sorting weir 5 has a predetermined height and a length over the entire width inside the main body frame 1. An opening 6 and an opening / closing mechanism 7 that opens and closes the opening 6 are provided immediately upstream of the sorting dam 5. The opening / closing mechanism 7 shown in FIG. 1 is a swing damper type, but may have any structure as long as it is a mechanism such as a slide gate type, a rotary valve type, or a mechanism for opening and closing the bottom face like a valve.

Further, above one end of the main body frame 1, a feeder 8 is provided for supplying a processed product made of solid waste such as dust to the transport surface 2. A light weight discharge port 9 is provided at the downstream end of the transport surface 2 in the main body frame 1, and a heavy load outlet 10 is provided at the downstream side of the heavy load transport surface 3.

In the above structure, the processed material is introduced from one end of the main body frame 1 and uniformly conveyed by the action of vibration.
However, when moving to the sorting weir 5, the moving speed decreases and the particles accumulate. FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a state on the upstream side of the weir. The processed material accumulated in the portion immediately upstream of the weir in the sorting dam 5 is in an oscillating flow state, and the succeeding processed material is added thereto to increase the bed height, and the sorting weir 5 overflows.
The main flow of the processed product is a flow that overflows the selection weir 5. Due to the effect of fluidization and the difference in specific gravity, a lightweight object has a vector whose main component is levitation motion, whereas a heavy object has a vector that sinks mainly due to the action of gravity. In this way, the lightweight object and the heavy object are subjected to the sorting action by the sorting dam 5.

By providing the opening 6 and the opening / closing mechanism 7 on the conveying surface 2 on the upstream side of the sorting weir 5, the heavy objects staying on the upstream side are dropped onto the heavy object conveying surface 3, and then the heavy object discharge port is provided. It can be taken out from 10. On the other hand, the lightweight material is discharged from the lightweight material discharge port 9 of the transport surface 2. When the input of the processed materials is interrupted, the lightweight materials among the processed materials staying on the upstream side of the sorting weir 5 flow down, so that the heavy materials are concentrated. When the purpose is to remove heavy substances in the treated product, such concentration enables efficient selection of the intended product. The opening / closing mechanism 7 appropriately opens or closes the heavy load by continuously opening or closing the load of the processed product or at the same time as interrupting the input of the processed product or after a certain period of time.

FIG. 3 is a view showing a second embodiment of the present invention and is a sectional view showing a sorting portion of a sorting device. In this embodiment, an air flow blowing element 11 is installed in order to activate the flow state of the processed material staying on the upstream side of the sorting weir. Appropriate conditions can be selected for the installation position of the airflow blowing element 11 and the airflow blowing direction according to the physical properties of the processed material. The airflow blowing element 11 is extended in the width direction so as to extend over the entire width of the transport surface 2. The airflow blowing element 10 may be located at a position lower or higher than the sorting dam 5. When the mounting height Hn of the airflow blowing element ≦ weir height h By changing the distance L from the sorting weir 5 and the mounting height Hn, the range affected by the airflow can be changed, and depending on the airflow blowing direction α, It is possible to change the motion state of a fluidized lightweight object. Further, when the mounting height Hn> the weir height h When the air flow direction α is in the range of 270 ° to 360 °, not only is it fluidized by the action of the air flow, but it is also a lightweight material that stays on the upstream side of the sorting dam 5. Only will be sequentially floated from the surface, and it will promote that the lightweight material overflows the sorting weir 5.

The specific shape of the air flow blowing element 11 is shown in FIGS. The airflow blowing element 11 of FIG.
In A, a large number of holes 11b are provided in a pipe 11a through which a pressurized gas is passed. Further, as shown in FIG. 4 (b), the airflow blowing element 11A may have a structure in which the airflow blowing nozzle 11f is attached to the pipe 11a. The airflow blowing element 11B in FIG. 5 is a pipe 11a provided with slits 11c. The pipe 11a may be a metal pipe or a resin material. The airflow blowing element may be provided with a plurality of elements in addition to one element.
The airflow blowing element 11C in FIG. 6 has a structure in which a screen 11e is attached to a gutter-shaped gas flow path member 11d. A perforated plate may be used instead of the screen.

The air flow blowing element 11 shown in FIGS.
It is also possible to integrate A to 11C with the transport surface 2. Further, a gas passage is arranged below the transfer surface 2 so that the transfer surface 2
It is also possible to dispose the air flow blowing element so as to form the same extension surface as the conveying surface by providing a screen or a perforated plate on the upper surface of the opening.

The airflow from the airflow blowing element can be constantly blown out, but if it is used for interrupting the input of the treated material and concentrating the retentate on the upstream side of the sorting weir, it is necessary for concentration. The time is shortened and it is extremely effective.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing still another example of the air flow blowing element, FIG. 7 (a) shows an example in which a plurality of air flow blowing elements are arranged in the height direction of the sorting weir, and FIG. 7 (b). Shows an example in which the air flow blowing element is integrated with the sorting weir. That is,
In the example shown in FIG. 7A, a plurality of air flow blowing elements 11, 11, ... Are arranged along the height direction of the sorting dam 5. Further, in the example shown in FIG. 7B, the inside of the selection weir 45 is formed as a hollow to form a gas passage, and a plurality of air flow blowing elements 46, 46.
・ ・ Is formed. Note that the direction of the air flow from the air flow blowing element 11 or 46 is not limited to the direction shown in the drawing, and is 180 from the upper side to the lower side of the upstream surface of the sorting weir.
Effective in all directions. Further, in the illustrated example, an example in which a plurality of airflow blowing elements are arranged in the height direction of the sorting weir has been described, but a plurality of airflow blowing elements may be arranged in the conveyance direction of the processed material.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 8 (a) is a sectional view of the sorting apparatus, and FIG. 8 (b) is a plan view of the sorting apparatus. In this embodiment, the dispersion weir 12 is installed on the upstream side of the selection weir 5. Although the processed material diffuses on the transfer surface 2, if a dispersion weir 12 having a low height that allows heavy objects to pass is provided in order to shorten the diffusion distance, the processed material is obstructed in the movement in the flow direction, resulting in congestion. Cause a certain height of residence. At this time, diffusion in the width direction with less retention is promoted, so that the processed material quickly spreads over the entire conveying surface 2. That is, by providing the dispersion weir 12, the diffusion of the processed material in the width direction is promoted, the transport distance is shortened, and the apparatus can be made compact.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention. 9A is a sectional view of the sorting apparatus, and FIG. 9B is FIG.
(A) IX (b) arrow view, FIG. 9 (c) is FIG. 9 (a) IX
(C) It is an arrow view. In this embodiment, the transport surface is configured in multiple stages. As shown in FIG. 9 (a), the sorting device includes a first-stage transport surface 2 </ b> A and a second-stage transport surface 2 in the main body frame 1.
B, the transport surface 2C of the third stage is provided. The sorting weir 5 and the dispersion weir 12 are installed on the transport surfaces 2A to 2C of each stage. The heavy load carrying surface 3 is similar to that of the embodiment shown in FIG.

The first and second transfer surfaces 2A and 2B are
Openings 16 for dropping the processed products to the lower stage
A and 16B are provided, respectively, and the processed material loaded on the first transfer surface 2A is the second transfer surface 2 and the third transfer surface 2A.
It is distributed to B and 2C and diffused at the dispersion weir 12, respectively. Then, sorted by the sorting weir 5 of each stage, the lightweight products are discharged from the lightweight product discharge port 9 of each stage, and the heavy products are discharged from the heavy product discharge port 10. According to the present exemplary embodiment, since the transport surface is configured in multiple stages, it is possible to increase the processing amount of the processed material per unit time.

Next, an embodiment of the second aspect of the sorting apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 to 15. FIG.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the sorting device according to the present invention,
10A is a cross-sectional view of the sorting device, and FIG. 10B is a plan view of the sorting device. FIG. 11 is a view showing details of the selection portion, and FIG. 11A is a sectional view of the selection portion.
(B) is a plan view of a selected portion. In FIGS. 10 and 11, reference numeral 21 is a main body frame, and in the main body frame 21,
A circular transfer surface 22 is provided to transfer the processed product radially from the center to the outer peripheral direction. The circular transport surface 22 is supported by a columnar support portion 23, and an oscillator 24 is provided below the support portion 23. By the oscillator 24,
The circular transport surface 22 vibrates, and the processed material supplied to the central portion of the circular transport surface 22 is radially transported on the transport surface 22 from the central portion toward the outer peripheral portion.

A circular selection weir 25 is erected on the circular conveying surface 22. An opening 26 and an opening / closing mechanism 27 that opens and closes the opening 26 are provided immediately upstream of the sorting weir 25. As shown in FIG.
The opening 26 and the opening / closing mechanism 27 are partially provided in an annular region. Above the transport surface 22, a feeder 28 is provided for supplying a processed product made of solid waste such as dust to the transport surface 22. And the body frame 21
In the lower part of the transport surface 22, a lightweight material discharge port 29 for discharging the lightweight material taken out from the outer peripheral end of the transport surface 22 and a heavy material discharge outlet for discharging the heavy material discharged from the opening 26 of the transport surface 22. An outlet 30 is provided.

In the above structure, the processed object is the circular transfer surface 2
It is thrown in from the central part of 2 and flows uniformly on the conveyance surface 22 toward the outer periphery by the action of vibration, but when it advances to the sorting weir 25, the moving speed decreases and the particles accumulate. FIG. 12 shows a screening weir 2
It is the figure which modeled the state of the upstream side of No. 5. The accumulated processed products are in a state of oscillating flow, and the subsequent processed products are added thereto to increase the bed height and overflow the sorting weir 25. The main flow of the processed product is a flow that overflows the selection weir 25. Due to the effect of fluidization and the difference in specific gravity, a lightweight object has a vector whose main component is levitation motion, whereas a heavy object has a vector that sinks mainly due to the action of gravity.
In this way, the lightweight object and the heavy object are subjected to the sorting action by the sorting dam 25.

By providing the opening 26 and the opening / closing mechanism 27 on the upstream conveying surface of the sorting weir 25, it is possible to take out the heavy load staying on the upstream side. When the input of the processed material is interrupted, the lightweight material among the processed materials staying on the upstream side of the weir flows down, so that the heavy material is in a concentrated state.
When the purpose is to remove heavy substances in the treated product, such concentration enables efficient selection of the intended product.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the circular transport surface 22 has a slope descending with respect to the horizontal plane as the radius increases,
That is, the transport surface has a conical shape. The other structure is similar to that of the embodiment shown in FIG. According to the present embodiment, the synergistic effect of the vibration of the oscillator 24 and the gradient of the transportation surface 22 increases the transportation speed of the processing object, so that the processing amount of the processing object increases.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a seventh embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 14A is a sectional view of the sorting device, and FIG. 14B is a plan view of the sorting device. In this embodiment, the sorting dam 35 on the circular transport surface 22 is formed in a spiral shape.
The other structure is similar to that of the embodiment shown in FIG. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG.
At an eccentric position closer to the smallest distance from the center of
Add processed material. In addition, it is also injected near the center to make the dispersion uniform. The processed material advances in the outer peripheral direction as in the embodiment shown in FIG. Similar to the circular selection weir, the lightweight material overflows the spiral selection weir 35. Heavy weirs, selection weir 3
Although it remains inside 5 in the radial direction, the heavy object advances in the direction in which the helix expands by adjusting the motion vector of the processed object in the direction in which the radius expands. By providing the outlet 35a of the sorting weir 35 at a position where the spiral makes one round, heavy objects can be taken out.

In FIG. 14 (a), an opening 26 is formed in the circular conveying surface 22 and an opening / closing mechanism 27 is provided in the opening 26. However, the opening 26 and the opening / closing mechanism 27 are deleted and sorting is performed. It is also possible to take out the heavy load only from the outlet 35a at the terminal end of the weir 35.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an eighth embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a spiral sorting weir and a circular conveying surface are layered in a spiral staircase. That is, as shown in FIG. 15, the circular transport surface 33 is provided in a spiral step shape, and the spiral selection weir 35 is provided on the spiral circular transport surface 33. Then, an outlet (not shown) is provided at the terminal end of the spiral selection weir 35. Due to this multi-layering, the processing capacity can be increased without increasing the installation area of the sorting device. Further, in the spiral multi-layered structure, the opening / closing mechanism such as the damper described in the other embodiment is unnecessary.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a ninth embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the circular conveying surface is constructed in a multi-stage manner. 16A is a cross-sectional view of the sorting device, and FIG. 16B is a plan view of the sorting device. As shown in FIG. 16 (a), the sorting device includes a first-stage circular transport surface 22A in the main body frame 21,
The circular transport surface 22B of the second stage and the transport surface 22C of the third stage are provided. Sorting weirs 25 are installed on the circular transport surfaces 22A to 22C of the respective stages. The first-stage and second-stage circular transfer surfaces 22A and 22B are provided with openings 16A and 16B for dropping the processed objects to the lower stages, respectively. The articles are distributed to the second and third transfer surfaces 22B and 22C. Then, sorted by the sorting weir 25 of each stage, the lightweight items are discharged from the lightweight item discharge port 29 of each stage, and the heavy items are discharged from the heavy item discharge port 30.
Emitted from. According to the present exemplary embodiment, since the transport surface is configured in multiple stages, it is possible to increase the processing amount of the processed material per unit time.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 10 to 16, the air flow blowing element 11 or 46 shown in FIGS.
Are similarly installed (not shown). As a result, it is possible to activate the flow state of the processed material staying on the upstream side of the sorting weir, and to promote the sorting of the lightweight material and the heavy material.

Further, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 10 to 16, a dispersion weir similar to that shown in FIG. 8 may be installed in the circumferential direction on the upstream side of the sorting weir 25 or 35. As a result, the processed material diffuses on the transport surface 22, but if a dispersion weir having a low height that allows heavy objects to pass therethrough is provided in order to shorten the diffusion distance, the processed material is obstructed from the movement in the flow direction, resulting in congestion. And a certain height of residence is generated. At this time, since diffusion in the circumferential direction with less retention is promoted, the processed material quickly spreads over the entire conveying surface. That is, by providing the dispersion weir, diffusion of the processed material in the circumferential direction is promoted, the transport distance is shortened, and the apparatus can be made compact.

Next, Table 1 shows the experimental results of the present invention.

[Table 1] Table 1 shows the apparatus of the embodiment according to the present invention, which is operated by changing the conditions by changing the frequency and the amplitude, collecting the data of the sorting efficiency associated with this, and summarizing the results. The sorting efficiency shown here is a ratio of 100 simulated selection objects (10 kinds, 10 pieces each) made of iron and having different weights and shapes, which were mixed in the treated material and recovered by coughing. In compiling the experimental data, the centrifugal effect was used as a measure of vibration intensity. Vibration intensity is frequency n and amplitude r
The centrifugal effect: K
(K = rω ² / g) is used. Here, ω is an angular velocity, g is a gravitational acceleration, and ω = 2πn / 60.

According to the experiment, when the centrifugal effect K was 1.1 to 1.4, the conveyance of the processed material was poor and the sorting was impossible. When K was 2.1 or more, it was possible to carry and sort the processed products. In particular, when the centrifugal effect K was 2.7 or more and 4.7 or less, a sorting efficiency of 70% or more was ensured even under the condition of a processing speed of 1000 kg / h or more. Therefore, in the practice of the present invention, the vibration intensity, that is,
As a value of the centrifugal effect K, a condition of approximately 2 or more is suitable, and in order to secure a large processing capacity, the centrifugal effect K ≧ 2.
5 is a desirable condition. When the centrifugal effect is increased to a certain value or more, the flow motion of the processed material becomes more active, and accordingly, the diversion head at the overflow portion also becomes higher. The objects to be sorted are also dragged by the movement of lightweight objects, increasing the possibility of overcoming the weir. Therefore, it can be inferred that in order to maintain the selection efficiency in the high K value region, it is necessary to operate with a lower throughput than the intermediate region in order to keep the escape head low.

Considering from the viewpoint of power, increasing the value of the centrifugal effect K indicates that a large vibration energy is required for the device. From the viewpoint of power consumption of the device, it is desirable that the centrifugal effect is as low as possible. From a practical point of view, within the range where the processing speed is sufficiently secured,
It can be said that a lower centrifugal effect is advantageous. Therefore, in the practice of the present invention, when the above numerical studies are combined, the vibration intensity of the device is K ≧ 2, preferably K ≧ 2.5 as the minimum region of the centrifugal effect, and the power consumption unit is as large as possible. The range that is relatively small is an area suitable for selection. It should be noted that in the experiment, there are a few combinations in the relationship between the frequency n and the amplitude r, and the centrifugal effect in the low frequency region is 2.0.
The case of high amplitude above is not shown, but the centrifugal effect K
Since is a function expressed by the above mathematical formula, it is needless to say that it is possible to carry out infinite combinations other than the experimental values.

[0041]

As described above, according to the present invention, the vibration and the sorting dam are basically constituted, and the components for blowing out a small amount of air flow are added as necessary, and the vibration is generated. Since it is a device that sorts the processed products by fluidization by, it is possible to eliminate the gas to be used or reduce it to a significantly small amount, and do not need a dust removing device and a deodorizing device corresponding to the exhaust to the outside, The advantage is that the structure can be small.

Further, according to the present invention, when the element that blows out the air flow is installed, the size of the air flow blowing cross section is the size of the transport cross section of the sorting device main body and the transport cross section of the subsequent transport device connected thereto. It is extremely small compared to. Therefore, when the dust and light-weight material rolled up in the vicinity of the airflow blowing portion reach the transport portion, the airflow velocity becomes extremely low (1 or less of several tens of minutes), so that spontaneous sedimentation occurs. Because of this, no special equipment is needed to collect dust and light weights.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a first embodiment of a sorting apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing details of a sorting portion of the sorting device according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing details of a sorting portion in the second embodiment of the sorting apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an air flow blowing element in a second embodiment of the sorting apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an airflow blowing element in a second embodiment of the sorting apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an airflow blowing element in a second embodiment of the sorting apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing an air flow blowing element in a second embodiment of the sorting apparatus according to the present invention.

8A and 8B are views showing a third embodiment of the sorting apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 8A is a sectional view of the sorting apparatus, and FIG. 8B is a plan view of the sorting apparatus.

9A and 9B are views showing a fourth embodiment of the sorting apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 9A is a cross-sectional view of the sorting apparatus, and FIG. 9B is an arrow IX (b) in FIG. 9A. FIG. 9C is a perspective view of FIG. 9A.
It is a IX (c) arrow line view.

FIG. 10 is a view showing a fifth embodiment of the sorting apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 10 (a) is a sectional view of the sorting apparatus, and FIG.
(B) is a top view of a sorting device.

11A and 11B are diagrams showing details of a sorting portion in a fifth embodiment of the sorting apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 11A is a sectional view of the sorting portion, and FIG. 11B is a plan view of the sorting portion. is there.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory view schematically showing a state on the upstream side of the sorting weir in the fifth embodiment of the sorting apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a sectional view showing a sixth embodiment of the sorting apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a view showing a seventh embodiment of the sorting apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 14 (a) is a sectional view of the sorting apparatus, and FIG.
(B) is a top view of a sorting device.

FIG. 15 is a sectional view showing an eighth embodiment of the sorting device according to the present invention.

16 is a diagram showing a ninth embodiment of a sorting device according to the present invention, FIG. 16 (a) is a sectional view of the sorting device, FIG.
(B) is a top view of a sorting device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Body Frame 2 Transport Surface 3 Heavy Object Transport Surface 4 Oscillator 5 Sorting Weir 6 Opening 7 Opening / Closing Mechanism 8 Feeder 9 Lightweight Material Discharge Port 10 Heavy Material Discharge Port 11,46 Air Flow Blowing Element 21 Body Frame 22 Circular Transfer Surface 23 Support Part 24 Oscillator 25 Sorting weir 26 Opening 27 Opening / closing mechanism 28 Feeder 29 Light weight discharge port 30 Heavy weight discharge port 33 Helical circular transfer surface 35, 45 Sorting weir

Claims (23)

[Claims] 1. A sorting device for collecting combustibles from solid wastes such as dusts and sorting by using a specific gravity difference for removing incombustibles, a certain height on a transporting surface for transporting the treated products by vibration. A sorting device, characterized in that a heavy weir in the treated material is settled and accumulated on the upstream side of this weir to separate the lighter weight from the heavier weight. 2. An opening and an opening / closing mechanism for opening and closing the opening are provided upstream of the weir, and during the continuous feeding of the processed material or at the same time when the feeding of the processed material is interrupted or after a fixed time, The sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a heavy object staying on the upstream side of the weir is taken out by opening an opening / closing mechanism. 3. The sorting apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a weir having a low degree of passing a heavy load is arranged on the downstream side of the position where the treated product is introduced. 4. The sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the transport surface of the processed material is divided into a plurality of surfaces, and the transport surfaces have a multi-stage structure in which they are vertically overlapped. 5. The sorting apparatus according to claim 4, wherein an opening is arranged so that the processed material put on the uppermost conveying surface can be dropped on the conveying surface arranged below. 6. An element for blowing an air flow to the processed material is arranged upstream of the weir for selection, and a high-speed air flow is blown to the processed material from the air flow blowing element. The sorting apparatus according to any one of items 1 to 5. 7. The sorting apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the airflow blowing element is arranged at a position where the airflow blowing element is buried in the processed material. 8. The sorting apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the air flow blowing element is arranged at a position above the processed material. 9. The air flow blowing element blows out an air flow after interrupting the input of the processed material.
The sorting device described in. 10. The sorting according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of the airflow blowing elements are arranged in a height direction of the weir for sorting or in a transporting direction of the processed objects. apparatus. 11. The vibration intensity of the transport surface is expressed by a centrifugal effect K = (rω ² ) / g, which is a function of the frequency n and the amplitude r, where ω = 2πn / 60, and The value is 2 or more, The sorting device according to any one of claims 1 to 10. 12. A sorting device that collects combustibles from solid waste such as garbage and sorts them by using a difference in specific gravity for removing incombustibles. A sorting device characterized by providing a circular ring-shaped or spiral weir having a height and allowing the heavy substances in the treated material to settle and accumulate on the upstream side of the weir to separate the light substances from the heavy substances. 13. The sorting apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the circular transport surface has a slope that descends with respect to a horizontal plane as the radius increases. 14. An opening and an opening / closing mechanism for opening / closing the opening are provided upstream of the weir, and the opening / closing is performed during continuous feeding of the processed material or at the same time as interrupting the feeding of the processed material or after a predetermined time. 14. The sorting apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the heavy object staying on the upstream side of the weir is taken out by opening the mechanism. 15. The sorting apparatus according to claim 12, further comprising a weir arranged on the outer peripheral side of a position where the processed material is introduced, the weir having a low degree to allow a heavy object to pass therethrough. 16. The sorting apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the transport surface of the processed material is divided into a plurality of surfaces, and the transport surfaces have a multi-stage structure in which they are vertically overlapped. 17. The sorting apparatus according to claim 12, wherein a conveyance surface of the processed material is formed in a spiral shape. 18. The sorting apparatus according to claim 16, wherein an opening is arranged so that the processed material put on the uppermost transfer surface can be dropped on the transfer surface arranged below. 19. An element for blowing an air flow to the processed material is arranged upstream of the weir for selection, and a high-speed air flow is blown to the processed material from the air flow blowing element. 19. The sorting device according to any one of 18 to 18. 20. The sorting apparatus according to claim 19, wherein the airflow blowing element is arranged at a position where the airflow blowing element is buried in the processed material. 21. The sorting apparatus according to claim 19, wherein the airflow blowing element is arranged at a position above the processed material. 22. The sorting apparatus according to claim 19, wherein the air flow blowing element blows an air flow on the processed material after the supply of the processed material is interrupted. 23. The sorting according to claim 19, wherein a plurality of the air flow blowing elements are arranged in a height direction of the weir for sorting or in a transportation direction of the processed material. apparatus.