JPH09220722A - Gravity separator for waste plastic - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a gravity separator for waste plastic which can segregate, recover, and sort waste plastic mixture of plastic blocks and sheets appropriately using vibration and wind force. SOLUTION: In this apparatus, porous gradient plates 1, 2 are arranged in parallel to the X X' gradient direction, vibrated in the X-X' direction by a vibrator 10, and made to receive air blasts 21, 22 from below by an air blower 9. A caterpillar type net conveyer 20 which moves across the plates 1, 2 above them in the X-X' direction are installed in the apparatus.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a technique for separately collecting plastic wastes containing different kinds of plastics according to the difference in specific gravity of the plastics.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A large amount of plastic waste contained in general and industrial wastes produces poisonous gas when burned, causing pollution problems, and if landfilled as it is, vast land is required. There is a problem that the subsidence is likely to occur after landfill.

Therefore, recently, the amount of emission is reduced by material recycling in which plastic waste is collected and reused, or chemical recycling in which plastic waste is chemically treated and converted into oil or solid fuel for reuse. , Thermal recycling, etc. have been promoted.

In this case, in order to efficiently recycle the above plastic waste, the waste plastic mixture containing different kinds of plastics is separated and collected according to the type of plastic such as vinyl chloride or polyethylene. It is necessary to.

As a technique therefor, a waste plastic mixture which is conventionally mixed with different kinds of plastics is put into a tank of a separating liquid having an appropriate specific gravity such as water, so that the liquid is lighter than the separating liquid. There was a method of separating and recovering one that floated near the surface and one that heavier than the separating liquid and settled at the bottom of the tank. For example, JP-A-6-12
This is the technique described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 6743.

[0006] However, in the method of throwing the waste plastic mixture into the separating liquid and separating and recovering it,
A pretreatment step for adjusting the specific gravity of the separation liquid and a drying step for the plastic after the separation and recovery are required, and there are problems that the treatment step is complicated and the equipment becomes large.

On the other hand, as a technique for separating specific gravity without using a separating liquid, there is a specific gravity separating device using vibration and wind force as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-126743, such as rice and beans. It is used to remove foreign substances such as pebbles and metals that are mixed in the grain of.

The outline of the above-mentioned specific gravity separator is as shown in FIG. 2, where (a) is a plan view thereof and (b) is (a).
3 is a sectional view taken along line AA ′ of FIG.

A hopper 32, a tilt table 33 having a large number of holes and tilted in the XX 'direction, and a shaker 30 for vibrating the tilt table 33 in the XX' direction.
It has a blower 31 and a blower chamber 34 for blowing air upward from below the tilt table 33. Reference numeral 37 is a vibration absorber.

FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of the case of removing the foreign matter mixed in the grain by using the above-mentioned specific gravity separating device.

Grain 42 containing foreign matter is put into the tilt table 33 from the hopper 32, and the tilt table 33 is turned on.
Receives the vibration 40 in the tilting direction of and the blown air 41 from below. As a result, the foreign matter 43 having a relatively high specific gravity is less affected by the blown air 41 from below, receives a force that moves upward along the inclined surface by the vibration 40, and moves to the upper portion of the inclined surface. On the other hand, since the grain 44 having a relatively low specific gravity receives the levitation force by the blower air 41 from below, it vibrates 4
The force to move to the upper part of the inclined surface due to 0 does not act, and falls downward along the inclined surface.

The foreign matter 43 that has advanced to the upper portion of the inclined surface of the tilt table 33 is stored in the foreign matter collection box 38 via the foreign matter collection passage 35. On the other hand, the grain 44 that has advanced to the lower portion of the inclined surface of the tilt table 33 is stored in the grain collection box 39 via the grain collection passage 36.

In this way, the specific gravity of grain and foreign matter is separated.

[0014]

Therefore, in place of the conventional technique for separating the specific gravity of waste plastics using a liquid for separation, the specific gravity separation device for waste plastics can be easily separated by using the specific gravity separation device by vibration and wind force. It is possible to do it.

However, the above-mentioned specific gravity separating apparatus utilizing vibration and wind force is extremely effective for separating grain and pebbles, each of which is granular, but the shape is lumpy or paper-like. When specific gravity separation of mixed waste plastic mixtures into waste plastics by type is difficult to apply as is.

That is, the blown air blown up from below the tilting table causes the waste plastic in the form of paper pieces to fly up, so that predetermined specific gravity separation is not performed, and in some cases, it is blown out of the apparatus. To prevent this, if the air blow from the bottom of the tilt table is weakened, the necessary levitation force does not work for the bulk plastic waste,
Proper specific gravity separation is not performed.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and is suitable for plastics of each type from a waste plastic mixture in which lump waste plastics and paper waste plastics are mixed. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a specific gravity separation device for waste plastics using vibration and wind force that can be separately collected.

[0018]

Means for Solving the Problems The means for solving the above-mentioned problems are as follows: (a) Inclined table portion in which a plurality of inclined plates having perforations are arranged in parallel in the inclination direction. (B) Inclined plate located at one end. A hopper that supplies the waste plastic mixture to (c) A vibrating mechanism that vibrates the tilted plate in the tilt direction. (D) A blower is blown from below to each tilted plate, and the strength of the blower is located at the end of the hopper. Blower mechanism that gradually weakens from the plate toward the inclined plate located at the other end. (E) The surface located on the upper side of the inclined table and facing the inclined plate is from the inclined plate on the hopper side to the other end. This is a specific gravity separation device for waste plastic, which has an endless track type net conveyor that moves in the direction toward the inclined plate.

According to this apparatus, in the waste plastic mixture in which the waste plastic in the form of lumps and the waste plastic in the form of paper pieces mixed on the inclined plate on the hopper side are mixed, the waste plastic in the form of paper pieces is located below the inclined plate. It is blown up by the air blown from and sticks to the endless track type net conveyor. Then, the net conveyer moves it to the upper side of the adjacent inclined plate. Therefore, since the air blown from below to the inclined plate is weak, the waste plastic in the form of paper drops away from the net conveyor and drops onto the inclined plate.

In this way, the waste plastic in the form of a block and the waste plastic in the form of a piece of paper are positioned on different inclined plates, and by operating under vibrating and blowing conditions suitable for each, proper specific gravity separation can be achieved. To be achieved.

[0021]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. (A) is the top view, (b) shows the state in operation, and is an AA 'cross section of (a).

Porous inclined plates 1 and 2 are arranged side by side in the XX 'direction, which is the inclination direction, and a hopper 12 is attached to the inclined plate 1 so as to supply a waste plastic mixture 13. ing.

Reference numeral 10 is a vibrator for vibrating the inclined plates 1 and 2 in the XX 'direction. Reference numeral 11 is a vibration absorber that absorbs the vibration.

A blower 9 is connected to the blower chamber 3 via a blower pipe 8 and sends a strong blower 21 from below to the inclined plate 5 via the blower chamber 3 as well as the blower chamber 3. A mechanism is provided that blows air to the blower chamber 4 through a damper installed between the blower chambers 4 and sends weak blower air 22 to the inclined plate 6 from below.

Reference numeral 20 denotes an endless track type net conveyor having a structure in which the surface facing the inclined plate moves in the direction from the inclined plate 1 to the inclined plate 2.

Waste plastic mixture 1 in which lump waste plastic and paper waste plastic are mixed
3 is loaded from the hopper 12 onto the tilt table 1,
The waste plastic 15 in the form of a paper piece is blown upward by the air blow 21 from the lower side of the inclined plate 1 and sticks to the endless track type net conveyor 20. And the net conveyor 2
By the movement of 0, it is carried above the adjacent inclined plate 2. Since the blown air 22 from below to the inclined plate 2 is weak, the waste plastic 15 in the form of paper drops away from the net conveyor 20 and drops onto the inclined plate 2.

In this way, the waste plastic 14 in the form of a block is disposed on the inclined plate 1 and the waste plastic 15 in the form of a piece of paper.
Is located on the inclined plate 2, and the specific gravity separation work can be performed under the conditions of vibrating and blowing suitable for the lump waste plastic 14 and the paper piece waste plastic 15.

That is, with respect to the waste plastic 14 in the form of a lump, the waste plastic having a relatively large specific gravity is caused by the vibration of the inclined plate 1 in the XX 'direction and the strong air blow 21 from the lower side, and the upper part of the inclined surface of the inclined plate 1 is a waste plastic. Move to the recovery passage 16
The waste plastic having a relatively low specific gravity is collected in a heavy specific gravity plastic recovery box (not shown) via the above and moves to the lower part of the inclined surface of the sloping plate 1 and passes through the recovery passageway 17 to recover the low specific gravity plastic recovery box ( (Not shown). Similarly, with respect to the waste plastic 15 in the form of a paper piece, the waste plastic having a relatively high specific gravity is above the inclined surface of the inclined plate 2 due to the vibration of the inclined table 2 in the XX ′ direction and the weak air blow 22 from below. The waste plastic having a relatively low specific gravity moves to the lower part of the inclined surface of the sloping plate 2 and passes through the recovery passage 19 via the recovery passage 19. It is collected in a light specific gravity plastic collection box (not shown).

The vibration of the inclined plate is controlled to an appropriate level by adjusting the vibration exciter 10, and the air blow to the inclined plate is controlled to an appropriate intensity by adjusting the blower 9 and the damper 7.

Further, if necessary, each tilting plate can be separately vibrated, or the tilting plate can be replaced with another tilting plate having a different size or number of holes.
It is possible to control the conditions of vibration and ventilation more finely.

[0031]

According to the present invention, when the specific gravity separation using the vibration and the wind force from the waste plastic mixture is performed, the lump waste plastic and the paper piece waste plastic are separately applied under the appropriate vibration wind conditions. Since the specific gravity separation work can be performed, it is possible to easily and efficiently perform the separate collection of the waste plastic mixture into the waste plastics of each type.

[Brief description of drawings]

1A and 1B are diagrams showing an embodiment of a specific gravity separation device of the present invention, FIG. 1A is a plan view, and FIG. 1B is a sectional view taken along the line AA ′ in FIG.

2A and 2B are views showing a conventional specific gravity separator, in which FIG. 2A is a plan view and FIG. 2B is a sectional view taken along line AA ′ in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an operating condition of a conventional specific gravity separator.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 2: inclined plate 3, 4: blower chamber 7: damper 8: blower tube 9: blower 10: vibrator 11: vibration absorber 12: hopper 13: waste plastic mixture 14: block waste plastic 15: paper piece Waste plastic 16, 18: Heavy specific gravity plastic recovery passage 17, 19: Light specific gravity plastic recovery passage 20: Endless track type net coveer 21: Strong air blow 22: Weak air blow 30: Shaker 31: Blower 32: Hopper 33: Inclined table 34: Blower chamber 35: Grain collection passage 36: Foreign matter collection passage 37: Vibration absorber 38: Grain collection box 39: Foreign matter collection box 40: Vibration of inclined table 41: Air blow to inclined table 42: Foreign matter mixed Grain 43: Foreign substance 44: Grain

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An apparatus for separating the specific gravity of waste plastics, which comprises the following (a) to (e): (A) Inclined table part in which a plurality of inclined plates having a plurality of holes are arranged in parallel in the inclined direction (b) A hopper that supplies the waste plastic mixture to the inclined plate located at one end (c) The inclined plate is vibrated in the inclined direction Excitation mechanism (d) Air is blown from below to each inclined plate, and the air blowing strength is gradually weakened from the inclined plate located at the end on the hopper side to the inclined plate located at the other end. Mechanism (e) Endless track type net conveyor that is located above the tilting table and the surface facing the tilting plate moves in the direction from the hopper side tilting plate to the other end tilting plate.