JP2003164807A - Apparatus, system and vehicle for sorting waste - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a waste sorting apparatus which has a simple mechanism and can be made compact and by which the object like earth and sand having comparatively high specific gravity and low bulkiness can be sorted and at the same time the bulky objects to be sorted different in specific gravity can be sorted surely by separating them effectively. <P>SOLUTION: This sorting apparatus (100, 120, 130) is provided with a waste conveying part (A) and a compressed air blowing-off part (B). The part (A) has a plurality of rotary shafts (112) to each of which many polygonal boards (113) are fixed at the prescribed intervals and which are arranged parallel in the waste conveying direction for sending the waste forward while the waste is made to leap up and a part of the waste is sieved out between the adjacent shafts (112) and the adjacent boards (113). The part (B) is arranged at least in the latter half section of the part (A) for sorting the waste by using wind power, namely, blowing up the waste on the part (A) by compressed air to separate clumpy waste effectively and blowing the lightweight waste off toward a segregating part (C) arranged forward. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste sorting apparatus, a sorting system therefor and a sorting vehicle made of various materials having different specific gravities and various sizes and shapes.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, environmental issues have been emphasized, and as the awareness of recycling of waste materials has increased, the needs for sorting and separating waste materials have become stronger. Especially regarding material recycling, "sorting technology" is indispensable, and the development of more advanced sorting technology is earnestly desired.

Among the conventional sorting devices, the one that occupies a large weight is a wind power sorting device. Mainly, an object to be sorted having a different specific gravity and shape is acted on by wind force by compressed air from a blower or the like to sort the object and the wind. There is known a device for sorting by utilizing the fact that an object having a relatively low specific gravity falls far away and an object having a relatively high specific gravity falls nearby due to the interaction of.

In such a wind power sorter, however, in order to sort the objects to be sorted with high accuracy, the objects to be sorted are separated into pieces before the wind force is applied, and the objects to be sorted are mutually separated. It is preferable not to interfere with each other in order to improve the sorting accuracy. However, since a large amount of waste is sorted on an actual line, it is difficult to create such a disjointed state.

In particular, in the present technology, there are few devices for efficiently separating relatively bulky large and small objects to be sorted such as paper, plastics, wood chips, etc. into the above-mentioned disjointed states, and at most, the entire device is large. There is only known a device that oscillates with amplitude and low frequency to disperse the objects to be sorted into different states.

On the other hand, in the past, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-1878.
As disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 9, a sorting device having a sieving function is used as a specific gravity sorting device that sorts waste that is relatively light and bulky compared to earth and sand by applying wind force by compressed air. . Due to the physical properties of the objects to be sorted (bulky and relatively light, small repulsive force, etc.), these devices are based on a relatively large-amplitude, low-frequency vibrating body as described above. Equipped with a body-shaped air knife, it sifts and uses wind force to make use of the difference in specific gravity.

By the way, as the sieve applicable to the bulky waste, in addition to the large-amplitude / low-frequency type sieve,
Conventional vibrating screens such as US Pat. No. 5,450,966
The disc screen disclosed in the specification is used.

[0008]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, the above Japanese Patent Publication No. 1
In the device disclosed in -18789, a large vibrating body is used by vibrating it with a drive source. Therefore, there is a problem that vibration and noise are large and the influence on the surrounding environment is large, and at the same time, it is vibrated. Therefore, there is a problem that a large amount of power is required. In addition, this device uses a mechanism to move the objects to be sorted by utilizing the vibration of the sieve part, so it is difficult to separate the bulky and light bulky waste such as paper and plastic into pieces. However, since the fluidizing function is weak, there is a problem that the sorting accuracy cannot be improved.

Further, in the above-mentioned sieving / sorting apparatus using vibration, in the case of damp waste, earth and sand are tightly accumulated on the carrier plate having the sieving function, the sorting function is deteriorated and the sieving function is reduced. At the same time, there is a problem that the mass of the vibrating body increases due to the accumulated soil and sand, and the balance of the vibration is disturbed, and the machine is likely to be in an abnormal vibration state, and in the worst case, the machine is damaged.

Furthermore, in the above-mentioned sorting apparatus, even if it is a single machine, its outer shape is large. Therefore, it is difficult to install a plurality of stages of sorting apparatus side by side, and installation is substantially difficult. In addition, a mobile sorter is required at a construction site such as a site for recycling and dismantling a disposal site, but the above method requires a large-sized vibrating body, which makes mounting onboard difficult.

On the other hand, in the disk screen disclosed in the above-mentioned US patent specification, a plurality of rotary shafts to which a plurality of polygonal plate members are fixed at a predetermined pitch in the axial direction are arranged in parallel in the waste conveying direction. Each of the rotating shafts is driven to rotate, and wastes of a relatively large size are repelled while being sequentially conveyed to the downstream side, and the gap between the adjacent polygonal plate materials and the rotating shafts is relatively small. Size waste is dropped and collected. This disc screen not only has the function of sieving according to size as well as the transportation of the objects to be sorted, but it does not have the sorting function based on the difference in specific gravity. It does not even have the function of separating and transporting the pieces.

The present invention has been made based on such a technical background, and its specific object is to select a thing having a simple mechanism and having a relatively high specific gravity and a small bulk, such as earth and sand, and at the same time. An object of the present invention is to provide a sorting device capable of effectively separating and reliably sorting a plurality of bulky objects to be sorted having different specific gravities and enabling downsizing.

[0013]

This object is effectively achieved by the device invention according to claims 1 to 3, the system invention according to claim 4 and the vehicle invention according to claim 5. According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a waste sorting apparatus in which materials having different specific gravities are mixed, which are arranged in parallel in the waste conveying direction, and have a large number of polygonal plates with a predetermined pitch on a single axis. And a waste separation and conveyance section having a plurality of rotating shafts fixed to each other, and a waste air separation and conveyance section at which the plurality of rotation shafts are arranged, at least in a rear stage, and compressed air blown upward from below. It is characterized by having a section and.

Among the objects to be sorted, which have been previously crushed to a predetermined size and put into the waste separating / conveying unit, the objects to be sorted having a high bulkiness are on a plurality of rotating shafts arranged in the same region. It is sent to the downstream side one after another while being hit by the polygonal plate material put in. On the other hand, fine and hard materials with large specific gravity and small size, such as earth and sand and metal pieces, fall downward through the space between the polygonal plate material and the rotating shaft that are arranged in front, back, left and right, and are discharged to the outside of the device. It

The bulky object to be sorted, which is sent to the downstream side by the polygonal plate material, is moved upward by the rotation of the polygonal plate material and the compressed air blown from the lower side in the subsequent stage of the waste separating and conveying section. It is sent forward while soaring. At this time, at the same time, the objects to be sorted are efficiently separated by aerodynamic force. The relatively light objects to be separated and conveyed are also subjected to the aerodynamic force at the final stage of the waste separating and conveying section, and are blown out of the waste separating and conveying section. At this time, the relatively heavy objects to be crushed into almost the same size have different flying distances due to the difference in specific gravity. The objects to be sorted are sorted and collected according to their specific gravities by utilizing this difference in the flying distance.

From the above, since the drive rotation of the rotary shaft does not have a particularly large load, and a normal horsepower drive motor can be adopted, the motor itself does not become large, and besides the noise of the motor. Is only the blowing sound of compressed air,
No extraordinary noise is generated. Further, the number of the rotary shafts to be installed can be arbitrarily determined according to the throughput of the objects to be sorted, and further, the pitch of the polygonal plate material on the rotary shafts can be determined according to the mixed components and the crushing size of the objects to be sorted. Can be changed.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the air outlet of the compressed air outlet is arranged so as to be inclined upward with respect to the waste conveying direction. The air outlet is not particularly problematic from the viewpoint of the separating function of the objects to be sorted, even if it is simply arranged upward, but as in the present invention, the compressed air outlet is directed upward. In the case of arranging them at an inclination, a high-speed processing is possible because the function of conveying the objects to be sorted is added in addition to the separation function.

The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that a wind force separating section having a plurality of separating areas is arranged along the front of the compressed air blowing section in the waste conveying direction. As described above, when a bulky object to be sorted is blown out from the waste separating and conveying section by air, the distance to be skipped is different due to the difference in specific gravity, and a light object to be sorted is further moved to a farther place. Therefore, as in the present invention, in front of the waste separating / conveying unit, the falling regions of the objects to be sorted having different materials are sorted into a wind force separating unit, and the waste falling in each falling region is simply discharged to the outside of the device. It is possible to separate materials having different specific gravities just by sliding.

A fourth aspect of the present invention is the invention according to the third aspect, characterized in that the wind power classification unit includes a classification area changing unit. The area blown by aerodynamic force changes depending on the material of the object to be sorted. In the present invention, the area preset according to the change of the area,
The change means is used to change on an ad-hoc basis.

The invention according to claim 5 is an invention relating to a waste sorting system, wherein the sorting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is provided in a plurality of stages before and / or after and / or in the waste transport direction. It is characterized by being. That is, in the sorting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, for example, the sorting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is provided below the waste separating and conveying section or any of the sorting areas. A sorting device having the same structure as the device is installed side by side, and a similar mechanism is installed below the sediments discharged from the waste separating and conveying section or the sorted substances discharged from each sorting area. Further, they are continuously charged into the above-mentioned sorting device, and further sorted into heavy and light items.

The invention according to claim 6 relates to a vehicle for sorting waste, and the vehicle is equipped with the sorting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4. As described above, the waste sorting apparatus of the present invention has a simple structure, and the power source thereof can be small, and the entire apparatus can be downsized. It will be possible to select directly at construction sites such as the reproduction and dismantling sites.

[0022]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below based on illustrated examples. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic configuration and a function of a waste sorting apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

The waste sorting apparatus 100 according to this embodiment is
Except for the waste input hopper 115 in the upper part and the plurality of hopper-shaped discharge ports 116, 117, 118 arranged in the lower part, the whole is installed in the closed chamber 101. Same chamber 1
The material to be sorted, which is waste, is put into the inside of 01 from the outside, and a heavy material within a predetermined dimension of the main material is mixed with a light weight material to be sieved. A waste separation / conveyance unit A that mechanically separates and conveys a relatively lightweight object to be sorted having bulky properties, and an object to be sorted that is conveyed through the conveyance unit A in the latter half of the waste separation / conveyance unit A. A large aerodynamic force is applied from below to the upper part of the waste separation / conveyance unit A by the same aerodynamic force to blow it up to above the waste separation / conveyance unit A to separate it into individual separation products and blow it out of the waste separation / conveyance unit A. Compressed air outlet B
And a wind force sorting unit C that sorts and collects the sorted objects blown from the waste separating and conveying unit A in units of falling areas.

In the waste separating / conveying section A, a plurality of rotating shafts 102 are arranged along the conveying direction of the waste, and each rotating shaft 102 is rotationally driven in the same direction by a rotation driving device described later. As shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 2, each rotating shaft 102 has a disk 10 made of a plurality of regular polygonal plate members.
3, a disk screen 10 similar to that disclosed in the above-mentioned U.S. Pat.
It is composed of 4. A waste input hopper 115 is provided at the upstream end of the waste separation / conveyance unit A. Further, below the waste transport unit A, a recovery hopper 116 is provided over the entire area of the disc screen 104 to collect waste that falls from the gap of the screen. According to the illustrated example, the discs 103 have a substantially regular triangular shape, and as shown in FIG. 2, the discs 103 arranged on the adjacent rotating shafts 102 have their circumferential surfaces opposed to each other. There is.

As shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b), the discs 10 arranged on the adjacent rotary shafts 102 so as to face each other.
The shape of the gap δ1 between the three is set so as to be kept substantially the same even when the rotating shaft 102 rotates. A plurality of rotating shafts 102 are inserted into a frame 105 having left and right L-shaped sections by loosely fitting them with an inter-axis distance L, and each shaft end is freely rotatable by a bearing 107 via a bracket 106 fixed to the frame 105. Is supported by. A sprocket wheel 108 is fixed to the shaft end of each rotary shaft 102, and is controlled and rotated via a chain 109 by a rotary drive source (not shown).

The gap δ3 between the rotary shafts 102 is a dimension that determines the aperture of the disc screen 104, and this aperture size is basically determined by the gap δ2 between the discs 103 and the gap δ3 between the rotary shafts 102. Disk 103
This can be changed by changing the thickness T1 and the number of disks 103 to be attached. Although the disk 103 having a substantially equilateral triangle shape is illustrated in this embodiment, other polygonal shapes such as a square, a regular pentagon, and a regular hexagon can be used.

Increasing the peripheral speed of the disk 103 provided in the waste separating / conveying section A has the effect of improving the jumping force of the waste by the disk 103, and improving the selection trajectory characteristics of the heavy and light objects. . Therefore, it is necessary to increase the number of rotations of the disk 103 in the waste separation / transport unit A, or
Alternatively, when the number of rotations is the same, the outer shape of the disk 103 can be increased.

The compressed air blowing section B is disposed at least in the rear stage area of the waste separating / conveying section A, as shown in FIG.
According to the air outlet 110b, the waste separating and conveying section A
The air blowing nozzle 110 is inclined obliquely forward from below toward the gap between the three rotary shafts 102 arranged in the rear area and the end of the waste separating and conveying section A on the outlet side. Is installed in the An example of the structure of the air blowing nozzle 110 is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3A, the air blowout nozzle 110 has a comb-like shape over the entire body in which a plurality of air blowout ports 110b are provided at predetermined intervals in the axial direction of the pipe-shaped nozzle body 110a. I am doing it.

As shown in FIG. 1, the nozzle body 110a is connected to a compressed air source 112 via a pipe 110c, and the flow rate adjusting valve 11 is provided in the middle of the pipe 110c.
0d is provided. The gap between the air outlets 110b adjacent to each other in the transverse direction of the conveyance direction is defined by the rotation shaft 10 described above.
The number of air outlets 110b is substantially the same as the thickness T1 of the plurality of disks 103 fixed to the rotary shaft 10.
2 is the number of the disks 103 above 2, and each air outlet 110b is directed toward the gap between the adjacent disks 103. Further, in this embodiment, the air outlet nozzle 110 is connected to the air outlet 110.
Although b is installed so as to incline upward toward the waste conveying direction, it is of course possible to install the air blowing nozzle 110 so that the air outlet 110b simply faces vertically upward.

The air blow-out nozzle 110 is provided over substantially the entire width direction of the disc screen 104, and its shape is such that a plurality of air blow-out ports 110b for blowing out air spotwise as in the above embodiment are formed in a comb-teeth shape. However, it is also possible to form an air knife-shaped air blowing nozzle 111 having a slit-like linearly continuous air outlet 111b in a pipe-shaped nozzle body 111a as shown in FIG. 4B. If necessary, a plurality of stages (three stages in the illustrated example) are provided between the disc screens 104. Further, in order to efficiently separate the wastes, it is necessary to arrange them so as to be substantially inclined in the flow direction of the disc screen as shown in the figure, because of the relationship between the flow direction of the blown air and the flight curve of the object to be sorted. Desirably, it is also possible to provide an adjusting means (not shown) capable of adjusting the angle or the installation position in the vertical direction.

As described above, the pipes 110c connected to the individual air blowing nozzles 110 are provided with the flow rate adjusting valves 110d, respectively, and the flow rate adjusting valves 110d.
Thus, by adjusting the blowing amount of the sorting air supplied from the compressed air source 112 such as a blower, it becomes possible to obtain the optimum air amount and flow velocity depending on the properties of the object to be sorted. In addition, the air blowing nozzle 1 provided in a plurality of stages
By individually controlling each of the flow rate adjusting valves 110d of 10, it becomes possible to control the sorting locus by the specific gravity, shape, size, etc. of the objects to be sorted.

The wind force separating section C is divided into first and second separating areas C1 and C2 along the air blowing direction in the forward flying space at the outlet side end of the waste separating and conveying section A. There is. Therefore, one partitioning member 113 extending in the transverse direction in the flight space of the sorting apparatus is arranged in parallel in the flight direction of the objects to be sorted. According to this embodiment, the partition member 113 is composed of upper and lower partition members 113a and 113b.
Of the upper and lower partition members 113a and 113b, the lower partition member 113b is fixedly fixed in the apparatus, and the upper partition member 11
The lower end of 3a is attached so as to be rotatable about the upper end of the lower member 113b in the air blowing direction and fixed at an arbitrary position.

As the partition member 113, a simple partition plate is usually used, and the first and second separation areas C1 and C are used.
The waste that falls to the second partition is collected downward by gravity, but if there is a high possibility that the waste will accumulate on the partition plate and hinder its function, the partition member 113 will be used.
If the entire surface of the above is made to have an endless belt structure and a transfer means is provided for driving the belt to transfer the objects to be sorted accumulated on the surface of the partition member 113, the accumulation can be prevented. Further, if the upper partitioning member 113a of the partitioning member 113 with the accumulation preventing function as described above is designed to be rotatable, the collecting area of each of the sorting regions C1 and C2 can be changed.

The first and second separation areas C1 and C2 are formed in a substantially hopper shape, and the recovery ports 117 and 118 at the lower ends.
The objects to be sorted that have been dropped and collected are transferred to their respective subsequent steps by a transfer means (belt conveyor, screw transporter, air transporter, etc.) not shown. Further, when the dust scattering in the sorting areas C1 and C2 is large, the duct 11 arranged above each sorting area C1 and C2.
It is possible to provide a scattering prevention means such as a dust collector (not shown) that sucks dust with air through the air bag 4.

In order to sort wastes into wastes having different specific gravities by the waste sorting apparatus according to the present embodiment having the above-mentioned structure, the wastes carried into the treatment plant are preliminarily set to a predetermined size. It may be crushed so that it may be crushed, but it can also be sorted in the state in which it is carried in. When crushing, it is usually crushed to a size of about 200 mm or less. The crushed waste is weighed so that the selected amount per hour is constant, and is charged into the charging hopper 115 of the waste transport unit A. When the waste is thrown into the throw-in hopper 115 without being crushed, large objects to be sorted are manually sorted in advance and then thrown in.

The waste loaded into the waste transport unit A is transported forward while being repeatedly repelled by the multistage discs 103 rotating in one direction. During this transport,
Rigidity, high specific gravity, and smaller than the gap formed between the adjacent disks 103 and the rotating shafts 102, centering on, for example, earth and sand or metal pieces, fall through the gap to the lower recovery hopper 116 for sorting. To be done. The objects to be sorted, which are transported on the disc screen 104 and are relatively bulky and have a low specific gravity and are bulky,
Due to the repelling action of the plurality of discs 103 arranged from the front stage to the middle stage of the disc screen 104, the disc screens 104 are conveyed in a separated state to some extent.

These items to be sorted are disc screens 1.
When reaching the rear stage of 04, the objects to be sorted are blown to the space above the disc screen 104 by the blowing action of the compressed air from below by the air blowing nozzles 110 provided in multiple stages, and the aerodynamic force is applied to the objects to be sorted. While further reducing the entanglement force and the adhesive force between the sorted objects, the lumped objects to be sorted are loosened or separated into individual objects to be sorted, and the falling and splashing and blowing forces act, As this is repeated, they are almost completely separated. In the meantime, heavy objects such as earth and sand or metal pieces adhering to a large object to be sorted are sieved by the disc screen 104, dropped into the recovery hopper 116 below, and outside the apparatus by a belt or a screw conveyor (not shown). It is discharged and collected as appropriate.

In this case, when the separation is not sufficient, particularly when fine components are placed on a flat surface such as paper or plastic and moved, the disc screens are provided in two upper and lower stages so that the intermediate transfer portions can freely fall. It is also possible to configure and separate the fine components on the object to be sorted by free fall. Further, it is more effective to attach a member such as a rotary impeller that reverses the objects to be sorted to the free fall portion.

Further, since a plurality of (three stages in the illustrated example) air blowing nozzles 110 are arranged in parallel at the rear stage of the waste transport section A, the bulk of the objects to be sorted blown above the disc screen 104 is high. In some cases, the light-weight waste material travels forward along with the air flow. According to the waste sorting apparatus of the present embodiment, especially the waste transport unit A
Since the air blowing nozzle 110 is also provided at the discharge end of the, the lightweight material mixed in the heavy material can be effectively blown forward, and the sorting area in the vicinity of the discharge end of the waste transport section A is effective. It is possible to suppress the amount of lightweight objects mixed in the heavy objects that fall at C1 to a small extent. As described above, the waste transport unit A according to the present embodiment has the disc screen 10
Not only does it have a simple sieving function and a carrying function according to No. 4, but by adding air blowing, the carrying function is improved and an effective separating function of the objects to be sorted comes to be provided.

On the other hand, the heavy objects which are not sieved by the disc screen 104 and the bulky lightweight objects which are almost completely separated as described above are received when reaching the discharge end of the waste transport section A. By the rotation of the disk 103 and the air blowing flow from the air blowing nozzle 110, it is blown to the front of the waste transport unit A. At this time, the blown away distance is different depending on the difference in specific gravity because the wastes are crushed into substantially the same size. That is, the waste having a low specific gravity is blown away, and the waste having a high specific gravity falls near the front of the waste transport unit A.

In this embodiment, since one partition member 113 is provided in front of the waste transport section A and is defined by the first and second sorting areas C1 and C2, the sorting at the front side is performed. Heavy materials are collected in the area C1, and relatively light and light materials are collected in the sorting area C2, which is located far from the waste transport section A, and two kinds of waste are sorted by the difference in specific gravity. Therefore, in this embodiment, the disc screen 10
4 to be sorted and the first sorting area C
And the second sorting area C
According to 2, the waste is sorted and collected into three types of light waste.

FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. According to the second embodiment, two sets of the partition members 113 are provided at front and rear intervals and a wind force separating section C defines a third intermediate separating area C3 in the middle of the separating areas C1 and C2. There is. By providing the intermediate sorting area C3 in this way, it is relatively lighter than glass, stone, concrete, metal, etc., and relatively heavy compared to sheet-like plastic or paper, for example, slate / light weight. Items to be sorted, such as concrete / plastic molded products, should be blown along an intermediate trajectory between heavy and light items, and relatively heavy items to be dropped should be collected in the intermediate sorting area C3. become. Therefore, according to this embodiment, it is possible to select four types of "under product,""heavyproduct,""intermediateproduct," and "light product." Also in this embodiment, the partition member 113 is divided into an upper partition member 113a and a lower partition member 113b, and the upper partition member 113a is configured to be rotatable with respect to the lower partition member 113b and fixed at any position. And sorting areas C1 and C
The collection area of 2 can be changed.

6 to 8 show a typical embodiment of a sorting system using the above waste sorting apparatus of the present invention. According to the sorting system shown in FIG. 6, the sorting device 1
00 through the lower end recovery port 118 of the second sorting area C2 and a transporting means such as a belt conveyor or pneumatic transport (not shown),
The second sorting apparatus 120 having the same configuration as the sorting apparatus 100 is connected to a charging hopper (not shown) of the second sorting apparatus 120, and the light-weighted objects sorted by the first sorting apparatus 100 in the preceding stage are further sorted into the second sorting apparatus in the subsequent stage. It is thrown into 120 to separate and collect the lightweight objects into the relatively heavy objects 16 and the relatively lightweight objects 13.

That is, the light-weight articles 10 selected by the first sorting apparatus 100 are further sorted by the second sorting apparatus 120, and separated and collected into the light-weight articles 13 and the heavy-weight articles 16. In the combination of the first sorting apparatus 100 and the second sorting apparatus 120, the sorted matter 14 sieved by the disc screen 104 of the first sorting apparatus 100 and the unsorted disc screen of the second sorting apparatus 120 are sieved. When the sieve mesh of the disc screen is set so that the size of the sorted product 12 is smaller than that of the sorted product 16, the heavy product 15 (lightweight product 10) sorted by the wind force of the first sorting device 100. And, it becomes possible to set various conditions necessary for the wind power selection of the heavy object 16 (lightweight object 13) selected by the wind force of the second selection device 120 in two stages optimally matched to respective dimensions, Higher precision sorting is possible. Although FIG. 6 illustrates the system on the lightweight object side, a similar system can be adopted on the heavy object side.

According to the sorting system shown in FIG. 7, the objects to be sorted which have been screened by the disc screen 104 of the sorting apparatus 100 and have a small size are provided with the second sorting apparatus having the same structure as the sorting apparatus 100. It is intended to further select and collect by 130. That is, the discharge port of the recovery hopper 116 installed below the disc screen 104 in the waste transport section A of the first sorting apparatus 100 is connected to a transport means such as a belt conveyor or pneumatic transport, which is not shown, The small objects to be sorted which have been sifted by the disc screen 104 of the first sorting device 100 are put into a waste input hopper (not shown) of the second sorting device 130 in the subsequent stage, so that the objects to be sorted can be displayed. Screening is performed by a disc screen (not shown) and wind power is selected by an air flow blown from an air blow nozzle.

The sieve of the disc screen of the second sorting device 130 arranged in the latter stage is set to be smaller than that of the disc screen of the first sorting device 100 of the preceding stage, and is blown out from the air blowing nozzle. The wind force for each of the first sorting device 100 and the second sorting device 130 is adjusted according to the property of the sorted product. In this embodiment, the sorted matter 18 that has been sieved by the first sorting apparatus 100 has a smaller size and is sorted out 20.
And a heavy object with a relatively large size that is sorted by wind force 2
4 and the relatively bulky lightweight object 23 which is also selected by the wind force.

In this embodiment, the first sorting device 10
The size of the sorted matter 18 sieved by the disc screen 104 of 0 and the sorted matter 20 sieved by the disc screen (not shown) of the second sorting device 130 is set so that the sorted matter 18 is larger than the sorted matter 20. When the screen mesh of the disc screen is set to, the heavy object 22 (light object 21) and the second object 22 which are sorted by the wind force of the first sorting device 100 are used.
It becomes possible to set various conditions necessary for the wind power selection of the heavy load 24 (light weight load 23) sorted by the wind power of the sorting device 130 in two stages that are optimally matched to the respective dimensions, and it is possible to set higher accuracy. Can be selected.

According to the sorting system shown in FIG. 8, the lightweight articles 10 sorted by the sorting area C2 of the first sorting apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 6 are sent to another type of processing apparatus 140, and in the same processing apparatus. After the treatment, it is put into the second sorting device 120 and the latter sorting is performed. Examples of the other type of processing device 140 include a magnetic separator. According to this embodiment, in the case where the lightweight object 10 selected by the first selecting apparatus 100 contains an object to be selected which impedes the adjustment of the selection condition of the second selecting apparatus 120, the contaminant Is processed in advance, which has the effect of increasing the efficiency of the system.

For example, in the construction mixed waste sorting system, if a hand sorting device for sorting valuables is provided as the other type of processing device 140, fine particles are screened by the disc screen 104 in the first sorting device 100. After the division, the lightweight article 10 having various sizes is obtained. Here, the valuable sort 25 having a relatively large shape is sorted by the hand sorter 140. After that, the second sorting device 12 for separating into combustibles and incombustibles having a predetermined size or more
0 to each final processing line. On the other hand, since the sizes of the sorted products screened by the first sorting device 100 and the second sorting device 120 are different from each other, the sorted products are put into a known non-combustible substance screening device (not shown) suitable for each size, and the screening is performed. Separate into incombustibles and dust.

According to the present embodiment, since another type of processing device 140 is provided between the first sorting device 100 and the second sorting device 120, it is easy to set the sorting conditions of the second sorting device 120. Therefore, it becomes possible to sort construction mixed waste and the like with high accuracy. Although the magnetic separator and the hand sorting device are given as examples of the other types of processing devices, the other types of processing devices 14
A crusher or the like can be cited as 0, and if the lightweight object 10 is crushed to a predetermined size in the middle of the first and second sorting devices 100 and 120 and the property of the object to be sorted is changed, further improvement in accuracy is realized. it can.

Although FIG. 8 exemplifies the system on the lightweight side, it is also possible to employ the same system on the heavy side.

9 and 10 show an embodiment in which the sorting device 100 is mounted on a self-propelled vehicle 30. The sorting device 100 of the present invention is mounted on the top of a pedestal 31 equipped with a traveling device 32. In these figures, the objects to be sorted are loaded into the sorting device 100 via the loading hopper 115, and on the way to the rear of the vehicle on the disc screen (not shown) of the waste transport section A, the objects to be sorted are small in size. The sorted material is sieved and discharged from the rear part of the vehicle 30 to the outside by the belt conveyor 33 arranged below it. On the other hand, the objects to be sorted other than the sorted objects are
It is sent to the rear part of the vehicle by the disk screen, and is separated by the air flow blown from below at the rear part thereof, and is blown by the wind into the inside of the wind force sorting part C at the rear part of the vehicle, to become a lightweight object and a heavy object. The waste is sorted and discharged to the outside by the light weight transport belt conveyor 34 and the heavy weight transport belt conveyor 35. A power unit 36 is mounted on the gantry 31, and the power unit 36 drives the vehicle 30 and drives the sorting apparatus 100.

In the present embodiment, because of the above-mentioned configuration, it becomes possible to perform the sorting work at the required site when sorting the waste at the civil engineering site, the final treatment plant, etc. Therefore, the cost can be reduced by utilizing the advantage. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the track-type moving device as in the present embodiment, and may be a wheel-type moving device such as a tire, and in addition to the self-propelled type, a towed type or the like can be applied. Also, as for the discharge positions of the objects to be sorted into three types, three discharge positions can be selected from four directions of front, rear, left and right. The effects of the waste sorting apparatus, the sorting system and the sorting vehicle of the present invention are listed below.

(1) An air blowing nozzle is provided at at least a rear stage of the waste transporting section on an adjacent shaft portion of the disk screen, and the wind force blown from the nozzle causes the air blowing nozzle to be combined with the jumping force of the disk screen to remove the air from the object to be sorted. Light weight objects are transported above the screen and fluidized to separate parts to move to the upper part, and those having relatively large specific gravity and small size are not conveyed on the disc screen and are sifted to the lower part. Here, the specific gravity separation accuracy is greatly improved by utilizing the fact that the flight trajectories are different when flying in the free space of the wind power classification unit due to the wind force jetting obliquely and the bounce effect.

(2) Further, the wind force is applied even during the flight trajectory, and the angle of the partitioning member that defines the region for separating the "light weight" and the "heavy weight" is rotated in the flight direction to be adjusted. As a result, the above effect becomes more remarkable.

(3) Further, by providing the disc screen on the upstream side of the wind power / wind power sorting unit, it is possible to obtain the effect of sieving the objects to be sorted having a predetermined size or less.

(4) Although the above-mentioned wind power sorting function differs depending on the size of the object to be sorted, in the present invention, a wind power sorting section for a relatively large dimension object and a wind power sorting section for a relatively small dimension are provided. By connecting them, more accurate sorting becomes possible, and if a device having another function is provided in the middle of the sorting device having different screen meshes of the desk screen, the sorting precision which is the object of the present invention is dramatically improved. It is possible to improve.

(5) By mounting the sorting device having the above-mentioned configuration on a self-propelled trolley or the like, it becomes possible to move at a civil engineering construction site, a demolition site, a final disposal site, etc., and it is possible to reduce the cost and further improve the workability. it can.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram and a function explanatory diagram of a waste sorting apparatus that is a first embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view showing a structural example of a disk screen applied to a waste transport section of the waste sorting device.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view schematically showing an installed state of a rotary shaft with a disk of the disk screen.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration example of an air blowing nozzle arranged at a subsequent stage of a waste transport section of the waste sorting device.

FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram and a function explanatory diagram of a waste sorting apparatus that is a second embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a selection flow chart showing a typical embodiment of the system of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a selection flow chart showing another embodiment of the system of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a selection flow chart showing still another embodiment of the system of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic side view showing an example of the self-propelled sorting device of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a top view of the same.

[Explanation of symbols]

12,14,18,20 Sorted material (screened by disc screen) 10,13,21,23 Lightweight material (sorted by wind power) 11,15,22,24 Heavy material (sorted by wind power) 25 Valuables 30 Self-propelled vehicle 31 Stand 32 Traveling device 33 Sorting material conveying belt conveyor 34 Lightweight material conveying belt conveyor 35 Heavy material conveying belt conveyor 36 Power unit 100,120,130 Waste sorting apparatus 101 Closed chamber 102 Rotating shaft 103 Disk 104 Disk screen 105 frame 106 bracket 107 bearing 108 sprocket wheel 109 chain 110 air blowing nozzle 110a nozzle body 110b air outlet 110c piping 110d flow rate adjusting valve 113 partition members 113a, 113b upper and lower partition members 114 duct 115 waste input hoppers 116 to 118 hopper shape Discharge port 140, etc. Processing equipment A Waste transport section B Compressed air blowing section C Wind force sorting section C1 First sorting area C2 Second sorting area C3 Intermediate sorting area δ1 Gap between disks on rotating shafts δ2 Between opposing disks on adjacent rotating shafts Gap δ3 Gap between rotating shafts T1 Disc thickness

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A waste sorting apparatus in which materials having different specific gravities are mixed, wherein a plurality of rotary shafts having a large number of polygonal plate members fixed to a shaft portion at a predetermined pitch are arranged in parallel in the waste transport direction. Waste separation and conveyance section, and a compressed air blow-out section that is disposed at least at a rear stage of the waste separation and conveyance section and blows compressed air upward from below. apparatus. 2. The sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the air outlets of the compressed air outlets are arranged so as to be inclined upward in the waste conveying direction. 3. The sorting apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a wind force separating unit having a plurality of separating regions along a waste scattering direction by the compressed air blowing unit. 4. The sorting apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the wind force sorting unit includes a unit for changing the sorting area. 5. A waste sorting system, wherein the sorting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is provided in two or more stages in front of and / or below the waste transport direction. 6. A waste sorting vehicle, comprising the sorting device according to claim 1.