JP5770780B2 - Debris treatment equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to waste generated by dismantling a house such as a wooden house or an ALC building, particularly after a large reusable lump such as a column beam member, a plate-like member, or a foundation stone is removed. The present invention relates to a debris processing apparatus for processing debris.

Conventionally, there have been the following methods for treating debris.
A sorting device for processing waste materials when dismantling a wooden house, a reinforced concrete building or a steel structure building has a plurality of sieves with different eyes, and sorts the supplied mixture according to the volume And sorting means for sorting the objects having a plurality of conveying conveyors provided corresponding to the sieve and conveying the separated objects, and objects having substantially the same volume conveyed by the conveying conveyor in accordance with the specific gravity. Means.
The separating means is configured by arranging a plurality of sieves with different eyes on a frame attached to the frame so as to be inclined, and the supplied mixture is lowered along the inclination while being vibrated by a vibration motor and passed through the sieve. Thus, the mixture can be separated according to the volume.
The frame also has a function as a hopper, and the upper opening is configured so that the mixture can be directly supplied by, for example, a power shovel. Moreover, the edge part of the inclination direction lower end side of a flame | frame is also formed as an open part, and the chute | shoot corresponding to each of several sieves is provided in the open part. Further, a chute is provided at the bottom of the frame to discharge the smallest volume object that has passed through the sieve.

Conveyors are provided corresponding to the chutes provided corresponding to the sieves, earth and sand having dimensions of 10 mm or less, crushed concrete grains, etc. It is configured to sort into large objects of 50 mm or more, such as concrete fragments of about 20 to 50 mm and large wood chips, and to convey each of them.
Sorting means is provided at the terminal end of the conveyor to perform sorting in accordance with the specific gravity by injecting airflow onto the object falling from the conveyor.
With these configurations, concrete scraps, wood scraps, paper scraps, glass scraps, etc. contained in waste materials are separated into different volume objects, sorted into objects with different specific gravities, and backfilled with earth and sand or concrete particles. By sorting and reusing materials that can be reused, the processing cost of waste materials can be reduced (see Patent Document 1).

JP-A-11-33487

When dismantling a house such as a wooden house or an ALC building, large chunks are removed in advance from the generated waste. Therefore, debris left behind includes wall soil, tiles and brick fragments, ALC debris, gold nails, metals such as bolts and nuts, and the like.
In the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, separation is made into objects having different volumes by a sieve, and further, the objects having different specific gravity are selected by jetting airflow, and a large object having a size of 50 mm or more is classified as industrial waste. The smaller ones are further finely sorted by volume and specific gravity.

However, in order to perform sorting after sorting, a conveyor is required, and a discharge conveyor is required to take out the sorted material, which not only requires many conveyors, but also has a large installation space in a plane. There is a disadvantage that the initial cost and running cost are increased.
In addition, after separating large debris from the debris, even if the size is smaller than 50 mm, the ones with a size of more than 10-50 mm, as well as those with a size of about 20-50 mm, are buckets and excavators. When carrying out or loading on a dump truck, etc., or loading and transporting with a dump truck, the porosity per unit volume increases and the volume increases, which increases the processing costs for unloading and transportation. There was an inconvenience.

This invention is made | formed in view of such a situation, and the invention which concerns on Claim 1 can provide the apparatus which can process the debris of the waste discharged | emitted with the dismantling of a house economically. It is intended to allow improved processing efficiency to improve the crushing efficiency as well as the invention according to claim 2, intended to be able to improve the processing efficiency by smoothly supplying a rubble An object of the invention according to claim 3 is to reduce restrictions on installation locations. Further, the invention according to claim 4 aims to enable efficient removal of waste by a sieve and low noise, and the invention according to claim 5 enables to reduce restrictions on the installation location. Accordingly, an object of the invention according to claim 6 is to enable the sorting process by the upper and lower screens to be performed efficiently and with less noise. Then, according to claim 7 invention is directed to a to Turkey to allow the low cost and having a small planar space broken mill.

In order to achieve the above-described object, the invention according to claim 1
An upper hopper that throws in waste debris discharged with the dismantling of the house and removes waste larger than the set size by a sieve,
An upper sieve that is provided below the upper hopper and that has an eye smaller than the eyes of the sieve and that is given vibrations and sorts a primary sort of medium size,
A lower sieve which is provided below the upper sieve and has an eye smaller than the eyes of the upper sieve and is given a vibration to sort a small secondary sort and pass a fine tertiary sort;
A crusher for crushing the primary selection selected by the upper sieve and the secondary selection selected by the lower sieve into fine granules;
Magnetic separation means for attracting and removing the metal member by magnetic force before supplying to the crusher;
A conveying device for unloading and receiving the fines, which are crushed by tertiary sorted matter and the crusher sorted by the lower sieve,
And the crusher
An upper stage crushing roller for crushing the primary sorting supplied from the upper sieve with a crushing plate;
An intermediate stage crushing roller that joins the primary crushed material crushed by the upper stage crushing roller and the secondary sort supplied from the lower sieve and crushes between the crushing plates;
A secondary crushing roller for crushing the secondary crushed material crushed by the middle crushing roller into a fine granule between the crushing plates is provided with an interval in the vertical direction .
Here, the “fine tertiary sorting product” and the “fine grained product” refer to a product of 10 mm or less, preferably a product of 5 to 7 mm or less.

(Action / Effect)
According to the configuration of the debris processing apparatus of the invention according to claim 1, debris is put into the upper hopper to remove large lump waste by the sieve, and the primary sort by the upper sieve and the lower sieve below, After sorting the secondary sorting and fine tertiary sorting, removing the metal parts by magnetic separation means, the primary sorting and secondary sorting are crushed into fine particles by a crusher, and those fine tertiary sorting And fine particles can be carried out by the conveying device.
In the crusher, the upper crushing roller is supplied with only a large primary product that has not passed through the upper sieve to crush, and the middle crushing roller has the primary crushed material crushed by the upper crushing roller and the lower crushing roller. The secondary sorting material that has not passed through the sieve is supplied and crushed, and the lower crushing roller is supplied with the secondary crushed material crushed by the middle crushing roller and crushed to obtain fine particles. Can be obtained.
Therefore, most of the debris thrown into the upper hopper is largely classified as fine tertiary sorts and fine-grained materials, except for wastes larger than the set size that can be removed by the upper hopper's sieve and metal members that are adsorbed and removed by magnetic separation means. Therefore, the processing cost required for carrying out, loading and transporting can be greatly reduced.
In addition, the upper hopper and the upper and lower sieves are provided in the vertical direction, and a crusher for crushing the primary and secondary sorts selected by the upper and lower sieves is installed, passing through the lower sieve. Since it is configured with a transport device that accepts and transports the tertiary sorted material and fine particles crushed by the crusher, each of the separated items is conveyed by individual conveyors and sorted as in the conventional example. Compared to the case where the number of conveyors can be reduced, not only can the number of conveyors be reduced, but also the planar installation space can be reduced, the initial cost of the device itself can be reduced, and the waste has been discharged along with the dismantling of the house, including the processing costs mentioned above. An apparatus capable of economically processing waste debris can be provided.
In addition, since the upper crushing roller crushes only the large primary sort, the distance between the crushing roller outer peripheral surface and the crushing face of the crushing plate can be applied with an appropriate impact force on the primary sort. Can be set. For this reason, for example, if the distance between the outer peripheral surface of the crushing roller and the crushing surface of the crushing plate is smaller than the size of the crushing object, it acts tangentially to the outer surface of the large crushing object, It can be crushed more effectively than a force that rotates an object and causes crushing failure. Each of the middle crushing roller and the lower crushing roller can be set to a size suitable for the size of the crushing object, and the crushing efficiency can be improved as a whole by improving crushing efficiency.

In order to achieve the above-described object, the invention according to claim 2
In the debris processing apparatus according to claim 1,
The upper hopper has a waste discharge notch at the outer peripheral edge of the waste input opening, and is constituted by a fixed quantity hopper that is inclined so as to be located at the lower side of the notch side that is continuous with the notch. .

(Action / Effect)
According to the configuration of the debris disposal apparatus of the invention according to claim 2, when the waste is put into the upper hopper, the waste larger than the set size can be flowed down along the slope and removed by the sieve. it can. Furthermore, even when there is a large amount of waste to be thrown in, it is possible to prevent the waste from flowing into the upper hopper and becoming accumulated in the upper hopper.
Therefore, it is possible to prevent waste from being thrown into the upper hopper more than necessary, prevent accidental stagnation and take time to remove the waste, and smoothly supply debris to improve processing efficiency. .

In order to achieve the above-described object, the invention according to claim 3
In the debris processing apparatus according to claim 2,
The mounting posture of the upper hopper can be changed so that the position of the notch is reversed by 180 ° around the vertical center of the upper hopper.

(Action / Effect)
According to the configuration of the debris processing apparatus of the invention according to claim 3, the waste is thrown in according to the installation location, such as the relative positional relationship between the tertiary sorting product and the place where it is easy to carry out the fine particulate matter. The mounting posture of the upper hopper can be changed to make it easier, and it is convenient because the restrictions on the installation location can be reduced.

In order to achieve the above-described object, the invention according to claim 4
In the debris processing apparatus according to claim 1,
The upper hopper is elastically supported on the fuselage frame or an intermediate member thereof via the elastic material for the hopper, and a vibration motor for the hopper that vibrates the motor main body by the eccentric rotational load is attached to the upper hopper, and the upper hopper and the fluid are attached. It is configured to vibrate and remove waste above the set size from the waste outlet.

(Action / Effect)
According to the configuration of the debris disposal apparatus of the invention according to claim 4, the upper hopper and the sieve are vibrated by the vibration motor for the hopper, and the waste put on the sieve is given vibration, so that the waste having a set size or more. Can be removed.
Accordingly, the waste can be brought into contact with the inner surface of the sieve or the upper hopper in a vibrating state, and it is easy to separate soil components or wall soil attached to the surface of the waste, and the waste can be efficiently removed by the sieve.
In addition, for example, there is no mechanical noise and noise can be reduced compared to when the sieve is mechanically vibrated via a link mechanism or the like.

In order to achieve the above-described object, the invention according to claim 5
In the debris processing apparatus according to claim 4,
Debris disposal that is provided with a waste outlet on one side of the upper hopper, and the mounting posture of the upper hopper can be changed so that the position of the waste outlet rotates 90 degrees around the vertical center apparatus.

(Action / Effect)
According to the configuration of the debris processing apparatus of the invention according to claim 5, it is installed such as a place where it is easy to carry out the tertiary sorted matter and the fine particles, and a relative positional relationship with the discharge position of the waste having a set size or more. Depending on the location, the mounting posture of the upper hopper can be changed by 90 ° so that it becomes easier to throw in waste.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 6 provides:
In the debris processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
An upper fluid and a lower fluid are integrally attached to a support frame, and the support frame is elastically supported by a body frame through an elastic material for the fluid, and a vibration motor for a fluid that vibrates the motor main body by an eccentric rotational load is supported by the support frame. A debris processing apparatus configured to be attached to and vibrate the upper and lower screens.

(Action / Effect)
According to the configuration of the debris processing apparatus of the invention according to claim 6, the upper sieve and the lower sieve are vibrated by the vibration motor for the sieve, and vibrations are applied to the processed material put on the upper sieve and the lower sieve, Sorted items and secondary sorted items can be sorted.
Therefore, the processed material can be brought into contact with the upper and lower screens in a vibrating state, and soil components and wall soil adhering to the surface of the processed material can be easily separated, and the sorting process using the upper and lower screens can be performed efficiently.
In addition, for example, there is no mechanical sound and noise can be reduced compared to when the upper and lower fluids are mechanically vibrated via a link mechanism or the like.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 7 provides:
In the debris processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
The upper crushing roller, middle crushing roller and lower crushing roller are crushing rollers with the same specifications.
A crushing plate for crushing waste with the crushing roller is provided so that its crushing surface is located on a virtually identical inclined surface, and the interval between the outer peripheral surface of the crushing roller and the crushing surface of the crushing plate is on the lower side It becomes so narrow that it can be crushed finely toward the lower side .

(Action / Effect)
According to the configuration of the debris processing apparatus of the invention according to claim 7, by using the crushing rollers of the same specification and setting the upper and lower positions thereof, the size for crushing processing by setting the distance from the crushing surface of the crushing plate. Can be set.
Therefore, the crushing rollers can be configured by arranging the crushing rollers of the same specifications in overlapping positions when viewed in the vertical direction, so that the crushing machine can be made inexpensive and have a small plane space, and the debris processing apparatus as a whole can be made inexpensive. In addition, the plane space can be reduced.

According to the configuration of the debris processing apparatus of the present invention, debris is put into the upper hopper to remove large lump waste by the sieve, and the primary sort and the secondary sort by the upper and lower sieves below. Then, after sorting into fine tertiary sorts and removing metal parts by magnetic separation means, the primary sort and secondary sorts are crushed into fine granules by a crusher, and those fine tertiary sorts and fine granules Can be carried out by the transfer device.
In the crusher, the upper crushing roller is supplied with only a large primary product that has not passed through the upper sieve to crush, and the middle crushing roller has the primary crushed material crushed by the upper crushing roller and the lower crushing roller. The secondary sorting material that has not passed through the sieve is supplied and crushed, and the lower crushing roller is supplied with the secondary crushed material crushed by the middle crushing roller and crushed to obtain fine particles. Can be obtained.
Therefore, most of the debris thrown into the upper hopper is largely classified as fine tertiary sorts and fine-grained materials, except for wastes larger than the set size that can be removed by the upper hopper's sieve and metal members that are adsorbed and removed by magnetic separation means. Therefore, the processing cost required for carrying out, loading and transporting can be greatly reduced.
In addition, the upper hopper and the upper and lower sieves are provided in the vertical direction, and a crusher for crushing the primary and secondary sorts selected by the upper and lower sieves is installed, passing through the lower sieve. Since it is configured with a transport device that accepts and transports the tertiary sorted material and fine particles crushed by the crusher, each of the separated items is conveyed by individual conveyors and sorted as in the conventional example. Compared to the case where the number of conveyors can be reduced, not only can the number of conveyors be reduced, but also the planar installation space can be reduced, the initial cost of the device itself can be reduced, and the waste has been discharged along with the dismantling of the house, including the processing costs mentioned above. An apparatus capable of economically processing waste debris can be provided.
In addition, since the upper crushing roller crushes only the large primary sort, the distance between the crushing roller outer peripheral surface and the crushing face of the crushing plate can be applied with an appropriate impact force on the primary sort. Can be set. For this reason, for example, if the distance between the outer peripheral surface of the crushing roller and the crushing surface of the crushing plate is smaller than the size of the crushing object, it acts tangentially to the outer surface of the large crushing object, It can be crushed more effectively than a force that rotates an object and causes crushing failure. Each of the middle crushing roller and the lower crushing roller can be set to a size suitable for the size of the crushing object, and the crushing efficiency can be improved as a whole by improving crushing efficiency.

It is a whole front view which shows the structure of Example 1 of the debris processing apparatus which concerns on this invention. 1 is an overall left side view of Example 1. FIG. It is a top view of an upper hopper. It is a top view of an upper sieve. It is a side view of an upper sieve. It is a top view of a lower sieve. It is a side view of a lower sieve. It is front sectional drawing of a crusher. It is side surface sectional drawing of a crusher. It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. (A) is a partially broken front view of the crushing roller, and (b) is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 11 (a). It is the whole schematic front view with which it uses for operation | movement description. It is a whole front view which shows the structure of Example 2 of the debris processing apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is the whole general | schematic longitudinal cross-sectional front view of Example 2. FIG. FIG. 6 is a partially omitted overall plan view of a second embodiment. FIG. 6 is an overall schematic side view of Example 2. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the upper sieve of Example 2, and a lower sieve. It is an expanded sectional view of the principal part which shows the elastic support structure of the upper sieve of Example 2, and a lower sieve. It is a perspective view of the upper sieve of Example 2. FIG. It is a perspective view of the lower sieve of Example 2. It is side surface sectional drawing of the crusher of Example 2. FIG. It is a side view of the crusher of Example 2. FIG. It is a front view of the crushing roller of Example 2. It is a side view of the crushing roller of Example 2. It is a partially broken longitudinal cross-sectional view of the crushing roller of Example 2.

  Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an overall front view showing the configuration of a debris disposal apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an overall left side view of Embodiment 1. An upper hopper 2 is provided on the upper part of the body frame 1. The upper sieve 3 is provided below the upper hopper 2, and the lower sieve 4 is provided below the upper sieve 3 in an inclined posture so as to be located on the lower side of the sorted product conveyance side.
A crusher 5 is provided on the end side of each of the upper sieve 3 and the lower sieve 4 in the conveyance direction, and a conveying device 6 is provided below the lower sieve 4 and the crusher 5.
An installation space for the generator 7 and the distribution board 8 is formed below the lower screen 4 and on the transport direction start end side of the transport device 6. The distribution board 8 is configured so that a power line of commercial power can be connected, and can be driven by either generated power or commercial power.

The body frame 1 is configured such that a support column 10 is erected on a ground support plate 9 for stably grounding and supporting the entire body, and these support columns 10 are integrally connected by a horizontal frame 11.
Four hopper support members 12 having H steel integrally connected to the upper end are integrally provided at predetermined positions of the pair of support columns 10 and 10 on one end side and the horizontal frame 11.

The upper hopper 2 has an inverted quadrangular pyramid shape, and a processed material discharge port 13 for discharging a processed material smaller than a predetermined size is attached to the lower part, and the discharged material is discharged on one side of the outer peripheral edge of the waste input opening. A notch 14 is formed.
In the upper hopper 2, a grid provided with a mesh (not shown) having a mesh opening of 60 × 60 as shown in the plan view of the upper hopper of FIGS. 2 and 3 in a state inclined toward the notch 14 side. In the configuration, a waste having a size larger than a set size that has not passed through the sieve 15 is removed from the debris of the introduced waste, and discharged from the cutout 14.
Even if a large amount of debris is thrown into the upper hopper 2 due to the inclination of the notch 14 and the sieve 15, a predetermined amount or more of debris flows down from the notch 14 and the debris is piled up in the upper hopper 2. A so-called quantitative hopper is configured to prevent accumulation.

Hopper struts 16 are integrally provided at four locations on the outer peripheral surface of the upper hopper 2, and the lower ends of the hopper struts 16 are removably attached to the upper ends of the hopper support members 12, so that the mounting posture can be changed by 180 °. It is configured.
Thereby, according to the work site, the debris disposal apparatus can be installed in a posture that facilitates the input of waste and the removal of the crushed material, that is, the processing work.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a first guide plate 17 is provided in the notch 14, and a second guide plate 18 is swingably connected to an end edge of the first guide plate 17 via a hinge. In addition, the back surface of the second guide plate 18 and the support frame 19 provided on the hopper columns 16, 16 are connected via a hip-folded link 20. With this configuration, the second guide plate 18 has a tilting posture that is continuous with the first guide plate 17 and has a working posture in which waste that has not passed through the fluid 15 can be discharged and discharged to a position away from the machine body and a non-vertical direction. It can be changed to the action posture.

As shown in the plan view of the upper sieve in FIG. 4 and the side view of the upper sieve in FIG. 5, the upper sieve 3 corresponds to the portion that receives the waste that has passed through the sieve 15 of the upper hopper 2. A 40 × 40 lattice frame 21 having a smooth surface and a large strength is provided, and a flat-top wire mesh 22 having an opening of 40 × 40 is provided at other locations.
A lattice frame 21 and a wire mesh 22 are attached to and supported by an upper sieve support frame 23, and wheels 24 having V-shaped grooves are provided on the lower sides of both sides of the upper sieve support frame 23 that are orthogonal to the selected article transport direction.
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1, an inclined frame 25 integrally provided across a pair of support columns 10, 10 is provided with a rail 26 for the wheel 24, and an upper sieve support frame 23 on each of the start side and the end side in the sorting material transport direction. A stopper 27 is provided in contact with the angle member 23a provided on the front side.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, a vibration electric motor 28 is provided on the horizontal frame 11 corresponding to the start side of the upper sieve support frame 23 in the selected article transport direction, and a disk is attached to the drive shaft 29 of the vibration motor 28. 30 is attached, and a support shaft 31 is integrally attached near the outer periphery of the disk 30.
The support shaft 31 and the upper sieve support frame 23 are connected via a connecting plate 32, and the upper sieve 3 is moved back and forth in the direction of conveying the selected object by the rotation of the vibration electric motor 28, and the angle member 23a is used as a stopper 27. A strong vibration is applied by abutting, and a primary sort with a medium size is selected, and the primary sort is supplied to the crusher 5.
A stainless steel housing 33 is provided at the end of the upper sieve 3 in the direction of conveyance of the selected item, and a ferromagnetic permanent magnet 34 (ferrite magnet, arconi magnet, rare earth magnet, etc.) is attached to the housing 33 as a magnetic separator. In addition, metal members such as bolts, nuts, and nails mixed in the primary sorting can be adsorbed and removed by magnetic force.

As shown in the plan view of the lower sieve in FIG. 6 and the side view of the lower sieve in FIG. 7, the lower sieve 4 is configured by providing a flat top wire mesh 36 having an opening of 7 × 7 on the lower sieve support frame 35. ing.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the lower sieve support frame 35 and the support shaft 31 are connected via a link mechanism 37, and the end side of the lower sieve support frame 35 in the direction in which the selected item is conveyed is connected via a rubber hinge 38. It is connected to the guide chute 39 to the crusher 5, and by rotating the vibration electric motor 28, the start side of the lower sieve 4 in the transfer direction of the sorting object is swung up and down to give vibrations, and the small secondary sorter is sorted. The secondary sorted product is supplied to the crusher 5, and the fine tertiary sorted product is allowed to pass through and is dropped and discharged onto the conveying device 6 through the chute 40.

  A stainless steel casing 41 is provided at the end of the lower sieve 4 in the direction in which the selected item is conveyed, and a ferromagnetic permanent magnet 42 (ferrite magnet, arconi magnet, rare earth magnet, etc.) is attached to the casing 41 as a magnetic separator. In addition, metal members such as bolts, nuts, screws, and nails mixed in the secondary sorting material can be adsorbed and removed by magnetic force.

  8 is a front sectional view of the crusher, FIG. 9 is a side sectional view of the crusher, and FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. A pair of upper crushing rollers 44a, middle crushing rollers 44b, and lower crushing rollers 44c spaced apart from each other at a predetermined interval, and wear-resistant steel plates that crush waste between the crushing rollers 44a, 44b, and 44c. The crushing plate 45 is provided, and the crushing rollers 44a, 44b, 44c are connected to the crusher electric motors 46, 46 in conjunction with each other. In the figure, reference numeral 47 denotes a guide plate for guiding the crushed material, and 48 denotes an opening through which the secondary sorting material is put into the middle crushing roller 44b.

As shown in FIG. 9, the upper crushing roller 44a, the middle crushing roller 44b, and the lower crushing roller 44c are composed of rollers having the same specifications and are arranged so as to overlap in plan view. The adjacent casing 43 is provided so as to be inclined so that the facing interval becomes smaller toward the lower side, and the crushing plate 45 is detachably attached to the casing 43 in a state where the crushing surface is positioned on the virtually same inclined surface. .
With this configuration, intervals L1 (45 mm), L2 (20 mm), and L3 (5 mm) between the outer peripheral surfaces of the crushing rollers 44a, 44b, and 44c and the crushing surface of the crushing plate 45 become narrower toward the lower side, and the crushing surface and the roller It is easy to bite the crushed material between the outer peripheral surface and the finer the lower side, and it can be crushed well.

Each of the upper crushing roller 44a, the middle crushing roller 44b, and the lower crushing roller 44c includes a partially broken front view of the crushing roller in FIG. 11 (a) and a cross-sectional view in FIG. As shown in a cross-sectional view along line B-B in a)], a hollow cylindrical roller 50 made of carbon steel is integrally attached to a drive shaft 49 driven and rotated by a crusher electric motor 46 by key fitting. At the same time, the weld bead 51 is attached to the outer surface of the roller 50 at a pitch of 45 ° in the circumferential direction so that an impact force for biting into the workpiece can be applied.
As a result, even if the surface of the roller 50 is damaged, only the roller 50 can be replaced to cope with a low cost. In addition, even if the surface of the crushing plate 45 is damaged, the crushing plate 45 can be replaced at low cost.

  Due to the configuration of the crusher 5, the upper crushing rollers 44a and 44a crush only the large primary sort supplied from the upper sieve 3, and the middle crushing rollers 44b and 44b crush the crushing with the upper crushing rollers 44a and 44a. The primary crushed material and the secondary sort supplied from the lower sieve 4 are joined and crushed, and the lower crushed rollers 44c and 44c crushed the secondary crushed material crushed by the middle crushed rollers 44b and 44b. Then, it can be finely crushed and finally crushed into fine particles.

With the above configuration, as shown in the overall schematic front view for explaining the operation of FIG. 12, the waste introduced into the upper hopper 2 and passed through the sieve 15 flows down to the upper sieve 3 and is sorted while applying vibration. Furthermore, the waste that has passed through the upper sieve 3 is supplied to the lower sieve 4 and sorted while applying vibration.
The primary sort that did not pass through the upper sieve 3 and the secondary sort that did not pass through the lower sieve 4 are supplied to the crusher 5 to be crushed into fine granules, and the fine tertiary passed through the lower sieve 4 It can be carried out by the transfer device 6 together with the selected item.
The fine particles and the finely-sorted fine particles that have been carried out can be greatly reduced in size with a diameter of 7 mm or less (fine particles that have been crushed by the crusher 5 are 5 mm or less), and are required for carrying out, loading, and carrying. Processing costs can be greatly reduced.

In the first embodiment, the opening of the sieve 15 of the upper hopper 2 is set to 60 mm × 60 mm. However, it may be about 55 mm to 70 mm. The eyes of the upper sieve 3 are not limited to 40 mm × 40 mm and may be about 30 mm to 50 mm.
The eyes of the lower sieve 4 are not limited to 7 mm × 7 mm, but may be 10 mm or less because the tertiary selection is 10 mm or less, but it is preferably set to about 5 to 8 mm.
Moreover, although the space | interval of the lower stage crushing roller 44c and the crushing plate 45 is set to 5 mm, a fine particle should just be 10 mm or less, and what is necessary is just to set it as 10 mm or less, About 5-8 mm It is preferable to set to.

  Moreover, in the said Example 1, although comprised so that a vibration may be given to the lower sieve 4 by rocking | fluctuating up and down, for example, a semicircle or a fan shape is used so that it may act on the conveyance direction start end side of the lower sieve 4 Various configurations can be adopted, such as providing a cam body and configuring it to be inactive at a position lifted by a predetermined height so as to suddenly drop and apply strong vibration.

13 is an overall front view showing the configuration of a debris processing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 14 is an overall schematic longitudinal front view of the second embodiment, and FIG. 15 is a partially omitted overall plan view of the second embodiment. In the figure, an upper hopper 62 is provided above the body frame 61, an upper fluid 63 is provided below the upper hopper 62, and a lower fluid 64 is provided below the upper fluid 63.
A crusher 65 is provided on the end side of each of the upper sieve 63 and the lower sieve 64 in the conveyance direction, and a conveyance device 66 is provided below the lower sieve 64 and the crusher 65.
An installation space for the generator 67 and the distribution board 68 is formed below the lower screen 64 and on the transport direction start end side of the transport device 66. The distribution board 68 is configured so that a power line of commercial power can be connected, and can be driven by either generated power or commercial power.

The body frame 61 is configured such that a support 70 is erected on a ground support plate 69 for stably grounding and supporting the entire body, and the support 70 is integrally connected by a horizontal frame 71.
Four hopper support members 72 as intermediate members are removably attached to predetermined portions of the pair of support columns 70 and 70 and the lateral frame 71 on one end side.

As shown in FIG. 15, the upper hopper 62 has a regular quadrangular pyramid shape in plan view, and has a shape in which one side edge extends in the horizontal direction, and a waste discharge port 73 is provided at the lower part of the protruding portion. It is attached.
The four corners of the upper hopper 62 are elastically supported on the upper ends of the hopper support members 72 via hopper elastic members 74, respectively. More specifically, as shown in the overall schematic side view of FIG. 16, the elastic material 74 for hopper is composed of a high-rigidity and high-strength coil spring, and the elastic material 74 for hopper is attached to the hopper support member 72. . On the other hand, a fitting convex portion 75 is provided at a position corresponding to the hopper elastic material 74 below the upper hopper 62. The elastic material 74 for the hopper may be provided on the body frame 61 without using the hopper support member 72 as an intermediate material.

With this configuration, by inserting or removing the insertion convex portion 75 with respect to the elastic material 74 for the hopper, the position of the waste discharge port 73 is rotated by 90 ° around the vertical center. The mounting posture can be changed.
This makes it easier to throw in waste according to the installation location, such as the location where it is easy to carry out the tertiary sorting and fine particles, and the relative positional relationship with the discharge position of waste above the set size. The mounting posture of the upper hopper can be changed by 90 °, which can be used conveniently with less restrictions on the installation location. Although not shown, the waste outlet 73 is appropriately attached with a tubular material such as cloth so as to prevent dust from being scattered when the waste having a set size or more flows down.

The upper hopper 62 is provided with a sieve 76 inclined toward the waste discharge port 73. A pair of hopper vibration motors 77 are attached to the outer surface of the upper hopper 62 opposite to the waste discharge port 73 to vibrate the motor body by an eccentric rotational load.
As a result, the upper hopper 62 and the sieve 76 are vibrated by the hopper vibration motor 77, and vibrations are applied to the waste put on the sieve 76, and the waste contacts the inner surface of the sieve 76 and the upper hopper 77 in a vibrating state. Therefore, it is easy to separate the soil component and wall soil adhering to the surface of the waste, and the waste can be efficiently removed by the sieve 76.

A lower hopper 78 is attached to the hopper support member 72 so as to be positioned below the upper hopper 62 and guide the sorted material that has passed through the sieve 76 to the upper sieve 63 side.
A hopper support member 72 is detachably attached and fixed to the body frame 61.
As a result, when the debris disposal device is loaded on a carrier bed and transported, the hopper support member 72, the upper hopper 62, and the lower hopper 78 can be removed to reduce the vehicle height.
Although not shown, during operation of the debris processing apparatus, a belt-like cloth material is appropriately attached over the lower end edge of the upper hopper 62 and the upper end edge of the lower hopper 78 to prevent dust from being scattered.

FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the upper and lower screens, in which the upper screen 63 and the lower screen 64 are integrally attached to a support frame 79 that covers three side surfaces excluding the crusher 65 side. . A pair of attachment members 80 are attached to both ends in the longitudinal direction of the support frame 79, and each of the attachment members 80 is elastically supported by the body frame 61 via an elastic material 81 for a sieve.
The elastic material 81 for the sieve is composed of a highly rigid and high strength coil spring, and as shown in the enlarged sectional view of the main part in FIG. 18, the fuselage side convex provided on the fuselage frame 61 side (the column 70 and the lateral frame 71). An elastic material 81 for the screen is fitted on the portion 61 a, and a convex side convex portion 79 a provided on the support frame 79 side is fitted on the elastic material 81 for the screen, so that the upper screen 63 and the lower screen 64 are elastically attached to the body frame 61. It comes to support.
Although not shown, each of the above-described elastic material 74 for hopper and elastic material 81 for fluid is fitted with a bellows-like flexible pipe, and foreign matter is hopper elastic material 74, elastic material 81 for fluid, and its attachment location. It is configured not to invade.

The upper sieve 63 is configured as shown in the perspective view of FIG.
That is, a flat top mesh 63d having a diameter of 20 mm × 20 mm with a 6 mm diameter wire rod is provided on a support frame 63c having a reinforcing frame 63a in the middle in the width direction of the lower surface and an angle member 63b on one end side in the longitudinal direction. It is configured with an attached.
What is necessary is just to set suitably as this mesh opening. Moreover, instead of the flat top wire mesh 63d, a punching metal in which holes having a predetermined diameter are formed in a staggered pattern may be used.

The lower fluid 63 is configured as shown in the perspective view of FIG.
That is, a flat top having a reinforcing frame 64a in the middle in the width direction of the lower surface and a support frame 64c having an angle member 64b on one end side in the longitudinal direction, with a wire having a diameter of 3.5 mm and an aperture of 10 mm × 10 mm. A metal mesh 64d is attached.
The eyes of the lower sieve 64 may be 10 mm or less because the tertiary selection is 10 mm or less, but may be appropriately set. Moreover, instead of the flat top wire mesh 64d, a punching metal in which holes having a predetermined diameter are formed in a staggered pattern may be used.

Side plates 82 are attached to both ends of the support frame 79 in the width direction, and angle members 83 are attached to two portions of the side plates 82 that are spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction. Each of the upper fluid 63 and the lower fluid 64 is attached and supported.
On the crusher 65 side of each of the upper sieve 63 and the lower sieve 64, a plate that feeds the sorted material that has not passed through the upper sieve 63 and the lower sieve 64 over the pair of upper and lower angle members 83, 83 into the crusher 65. As shown in FIG. 14, permanent magnets 85 as magnetic selection means similar to those in the first embodiment are attached to the lower surfaces of the upper and lower plates 84 and 84, respectively.

A pair of vibration vibration motors 86 for vibrating the motor body by an eccentric rotational load is attached to the outer surface of the support frame 79 opposite to the crusher 65 in the longitudinal direction.
As a result, the upper fluid 63 and the lower fluid 64 are vibrated by the vibration motor 86 for the fluid, and vibration is applied to the processed material that has passed through the fluid 76, and the processed material is brought into contact with the upper fluid 63 and the lower fluid 64 in a vibrating state. In addition, it is easy to separate soil components, wall soil, and the like attached to the surface of the processed material, and the sorting process using the upper sieve 63 and the lower sieve 64 can be performed efficiently.
The side plate 82 is provided with a maintenance / inspection window 87 so that foreign substances such as nails entering the mesh of the lower screen 64 can be easily removed when the operation is interrupted or finished. A cover for opening and closing the maintenance inspection window 87 may be attached. In the drawing, reference numeral 88 denotes a chute that causes the transporting device 66 to drop and discharge the tertiary sorted matter that has passed through the lower sieve 64.

FIG. 21 is a side sectional view of the crusher according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 22 is a side view of the crusher according to the second embodiment. The crusher 65 is separated from the pair of side plates 89 and 89 by a predetermined interval in the vertical direction. A pair of upper crushing rollers 90a, a middle crushing roller 90b, and a lower crushing roller 90c are pivoted, and a crushing plate 91 made of a wear-resistant steel plate that crushes waste with each crushing roller 90a, 90b, 90c. It is provided and configured.
Each of the upper crushing roller 90a, the middle crushing roller 90b, and the lower crushing roller 90c is provided as a set with a crusher electric motor 92 corresponding to each, and as shown in FIG. The rotation shaft and the rotation shaft of the lower crushing roller 90c, the rotation shaft of the lower crushing roller 90c and the rotation shaft of the middle crushing roller 90b, the rotation shaft of the middle crushing roller 90b and the rotation shaft of the upper crushing roller 90a are respectively connected via the double chain 93. It is interlocked and connected to increase power transmission.

  The side plate 89 is provided with a bearing support bracket 94, and the bearing members 95 of the rotation shafts of the crushing rollers 90 a, 90 b, and 90 c are attached and fixed to the bracket 94 so that the fixed position can be adjusted in the direction away from the crushing plate 91. By adjusting the fixing position, the distance between the crushing surface of the crushing plate 91 and each crushing roller 90a, 90b, 90c is adjusted, and the crushing performance can be adjusted.

  The crushing plate 91 is a high-strength, wear-resistant steel plate having a thickness of 30 mm, and is also used as a cover side plate. A support member 96 is attached to each of both ends of the upper end, and the support member 96 is horizontally aligned with the upper ends of the side plates 89. The crushing plate 91 is rotatably mounted around the axis of the crushing plate, and the crushing position for crushing the waste is separated from the crushing rollers 90a, 90b, 90c and the open position where the inside can be inspected and maintained (FIGS. 21 and 22). Each of which is indicated by a two-dot chain line). In the open position, the crushing plate 91 is fixed to the side plate 89 by a lock pin.

The crushing plate 91 is configured to abut against the edges of both side plates 89 and to be fixed at a crushing position by tightening both ends of a fixing rod 97 provided at a predetermined interval in the vertical direction with a double nut 98. Yes. In the figure, reference numeral 99 denotes a locking member for hooking a wire or hook when the crushing plate 91 is suspended between a crushing position and an open position by a heavy machine such as a crane.
In the figure, reference numeral 100 denotes a guide plate for guiding the crushed material, and 101 denotes an opening through which the secondary sorting material is put into the middle crushing roller 90b. Reference numeral 102 (see FIGS. 21 and 22) denotes an inspection port. A cover for opening and closing the inspection opening 102 may be attached to the inspection opening 102. In FIG. 14, 82 a indicates a hole formed in the side plate 82 of the support frame 79 for inserting the fixed rod 97, and has a large diameter so as not to contact the fixed rod 97 when the side plate 82 vibrates.

Each of the crushing rollers 90a, 90b, 90c has a front view of the crushing roller in FIG. 23, a side view of the crushing roller in FIG. 24, and a partially broken longitudinal sectional view of the crushing roller in FIG. A rotary shaft 103 (supported rotatably by bearing members 95, 95) driven and rotated by an electric motor 92 for crusher is provided with a collar 105 and a retaining function for a hollow cylindrical roller 104 made of carbon steel. In addition, the welding beads 107 are attached to the outer surface of the roller 104 at a predetermined angular pitch in the circumferential direction while being inclined with respect to the axis of the rotating shaft 103. Has been.
Thereby, while being able to give an impact force to bite into the processed material, the load applied to the bead 107 is released by the inclination, and the durability of the roller 104 can be improved.
In addition, even if the surface of the roller 104 is damaged, only the roller 104 can be replaced to cope with a low cost.
The beads 107 are attached so that the pitch becomes narrower in the order of the upper crushing roller 90a, the middle crushing roller 90b, and the lower crushing roller 90c.

  With the configuration of the crusher 65, the upper crushing rollers 90a and 90a crush only the large primary sort supplied from the upper sieve 63, and the middle crushing rollers 90b and 90b crush the crushing with the upper crushing rollers 90a and 90a. The primary crushed material and the secondary sort supplied from the lower sieve 64 are joined and crushed, and the lower crushed rollers 90c and 90c crushed the secondary crushed material crushed by the middle crushed rollers 90b and 90b. Then, it can be finely crushed and finally crushed into fine particles.

  In the above-described embodiment, the upper sieves 3, 63 and the lower sieves 4, 64 are provided as a configuration for sorting while applying vibration. However, between the upper sieves 3, 63 and the lower sieves 4, 64, both It is also possible to provide an intermediate sieve having an intermediate size of the eye. In short, the present invention only needs to provide a plurality of stages of sieves.

  Moreover, in the said Example, although the tertiary sorting thing from the lower sieves 4 and 64 and the fine granule crushed with the crushers 5 and 65 are mixed and discharged | emitted by the conveying apparatuses 6 and 66, a tertiary sorting is carried out. You may make it discharge a thing and a fine-grained thing separately. In particular, according to the second embodiment, since the upper hopper 62, the upper sieve 63, and the lower sieve 64 are treated by vibration, the adhering soil components and wall soil can be effectively separated and useful for reuse. is there.

2, 62 ... Upper hopper
3, 63 ... Upper sieve
4, 64 ... Lower sieve
5, 65 ... Crusher
6, 66 ... conveying device
14 ... Notch 15, 76 ... Fully 35, 85 ... Permanent magnet (magnetic selection means)
42, 85 ... Permanent magnet (magnetic separation means)
44a, 90a ... Upper crushing rollers 44b, 90b ... Middle crushing rollers 44c, 90c ... Lower crushing rollers 45, 91 ... Crushing plates
61 ... Airframe frame
72 ... Hopper support member (intermediate material)
73 ... Waste outlet
74 ... Elastic material for hopper
77 ... Vibration motor for hopper
79 ... Support frame
81. Elastic material for flues
86 ... Fluy vibration motor

Claims (7)

An upper hopper that throws in waste debris discharged with the dismantling of the house and removes waste larger than the set size by a sieve,
An upper sieve that is provided below the upper hopper and that has an eye smaller than the eyes of the sieve and that is given vibrations and sorts a primary sort of medium size,
A lower sieve which is provided below the upper sieve and has an eye smaller than the eyes of the upper sieve and is given a vibration to sort a small secondary sort and pass a fine tertiary sort;
A crusher for crushing the primary selection selected by the upper sieve and the secondary selection selected by the lower sieve into fine granules;
Magnetic separation means for attracting and removing the metal member by magnetic force before supplying to the crusher;
A conveying device for unloading and receiving the fines, which are crushed by tertiary sorted matter and the crusher sorted by the lower sieve,
And the crusher
An upper stage crushing roller for crushing the primary sorting supplied from the upper sieve with a crushing plate;
An intermediate stage crushing roller that joins the primary crushed material crushed by the upper stage crushing roller and the secondary sort supplied from the lower sieve and crushes between the crushing plates;
A debris characterized in that a secondary crushing roller for crushing the secondary crushed material crushed by the middle crushing roller into a fine granule between the crushing plates is provided with a gap in the vertical direction. Processing equipment. In the debris processing apparatus according to claim 1,
The upper hopper has a waste discharge notch on the outer peripheral edge of the waste input opening, and is a metered hopper provided with a sieve that is inclined so as to be located at the lower side of the notch side that is continuous with the notch. Processing equipment. In the debris processing apparatus according to claim 2,
A debris processing apparatus configured to change the mounting posture of the upper hopper so that the position of the notch is inverted by 180 ° around the vertical center of the upper hopper. In the debris processing apparatus according to claim 1,
The upper hopper is elastically supported on the fuselage frame or an intermediate member thereof via the elastic material for the hopper, and a vibration motor for the hopper that vibrates the motor main body by the eccentric rotational load is attached to the upper hopper, and the upper hopper and the fluid are attached. A debris disposal device that is configured to vibrate and remove waste larger than a set size from the waste outlet. In the debris processing apparatus according to claim 4,
Debris disposal that is provided with a waste outlet on one side of the upper hopper, and the mounting posture of the upper hopper can be changed so that the position of the waste outlet rotates 90 degrees around the vertical center apparatus. In the debris processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
An upper fluid and a lower fluid are integrally attached to a support frame, and the support frame is elastically supported by a body frame through an elastic material for the fluid, and a vibration motor for a fluid that vibrates the motor main body by an eccentric rotational load is supported by the support frame. A debris processing apparatus configured to be attached to and vibrate the upper and lower screens. In the debris processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
The upper crushing roller, middle crushing roller and lower crushing roller are crushing rollers with the same specifications.
A crushing plate for crushing waste with the crushing roller is provided so that its crushing surface is located on a virtually identical inclined surface, and the interval between the outer peripheral surface of the crushing roller and the crushing surface of the crushing plate is on the lower side A debris processing apparatus that is configured so as to become narrower and finer to the lower side .

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