JPH0956279A - Artificial floating island - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a simple artificial floating island capable of freely culturing not only aquatic plants but also land plants to improve the water quality and view of a lake, a pond or a river. SOLUTION: A tridimensionally assembled frame is divided into an upper layer space and a lower layer space. A water-permeable sheet or net 6 is spread on the bottom of the upper space in the frame, and the sidewalls of the upper space is surrounded with wall members. A lightweight culture soil 11 enhanced in a root region-tensing force and used for culturing a plant filled in the upper space, and a floating member 12 is attached to the lower space in the frame. The artificial floating island composed thus is floated on the surface of water in a state wherein a plant is cultured in the culture soil 11.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an artificial floating island for the purpose of water revegetation, water purification, and formation of a habitat for living organisms in closed water areas such as lakes and marshes and rivers.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a floating gardening facility capable of planting not only aquatic plants, but also terrestrial plants, the present inventors have disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-1786.
In JP No. 26 etc., a water surface planting method is proposed in which a simple squid or pots are floated on the surface of the water so that the upper part of the root of the plant is exposed to the air and the lower part can be replenished with water from the surface of the water. ing.

Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 26237/1992 proposes an artificial floating greening ground in which three layers of an upper vegetation layer, an intermediate impermeable layer, and a lower floating layer are integrated and loaded in a bag. . Water supply to plants in this case mainly depends on precipitation, but partly uses the capillary action of non-woven fabric.

Recently, as a large floating island, a frame type floating body in which an iron frame is wound with Styrofoam is packed with a sponge to form a squid structure, and aquatic plants (reed, macaw, cattail, kishobu, etc.) are planted on the artificial Kasumigaura plant. An example of Ukishima has been reported (for example, the Asahi Shimbun evening edition June 16, 1995).

[0005]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] It is desirable to be able to plant terrestrial plants freely in order to achieve water revegetation, landscape improvement, formation of living habitat space, water quality purification, etc. by means of a relatively large floating island. In this case, it is necessary to form a stable and stable floating island and to naturally supply water while forming a soil environment similar to land, and it is also important that maintenance is simple and low cost. For this purpose, unlike the conventionally proposed floating horticultural technology that uses a relatively lightweight floating member, a simple Tsukishima technology that allows terrestrial plants to be planted is required. The present invention aims to satisfy this requirement.

[0006]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention divides a three-dimensionally assembled lightweight, floating frame into an upper space and a lower space, and Laying a water-permeable sheet or net on the bottom of the upper space and surrounding the side wall with a wall member, loading light soil for planting into it, and attaching a floating member to the lower space in the frame. An artificial floating island is constructed by this.

[0007] At that time, the buoyancy is adjusted so that the water surface position in the planted state is the lower layer position of the lightweight soil filled in the upper layer space. The buoyancy is adjusted by using a plurality of air bags each having an air adjusting port as a floating member and adjusting the amount of air in the air bag through the air adjusting ports. Further, stable buoyancy can be obtained by using members having a specific gravity of 1 or less for the frame and the wall member.

[0008]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The floating island of the present invention is constructed so that the specific gravity of the island as a whole is lighter than that of water, rather than floating a water-impervious container like a ship, and it is a porous structure that allows water to come in and out freely. Plants are planted on the surface of the soil layer with the floor at the bottom. For this purpose, first, a lightweight levitation type frame is used and three-dimensionally assembled into a skeleton having the shape of the intended floating island. This three-dimensional frame determines the shape of one floating island, and one unit is used to form the required number of floating islands. The three-dimensional frame of each unit is assembled in such a shape that two upper and lower spaces are formed. The upper space is used for loading lightweight soil and the lower space is used for mounting floating members.

A detailed description will be given below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an example of the shape of a frame frame which is three-dimensionally assembled into a rectangular parallelepiped shape, but the shape is not limited to this example and can be formed in any shape and size. In the illustrated example, the peripheral frame that defines the area of the floating islands is a rectangular frame having the same shape as the upper frame 1a, the middle frame 1b, and the lower frame 1c, which are positioned by the four vertical frames 2a to 2d. A large number of horizontal rails 3 and 4 are stretched over the middle frame 1b and the lower frame 1c. A required number of vertical bars 5 are stretched over the side wall.

The inside A between the upper frame 1a and the middle frame 1b is used as an upper space for loading soil, and the middle frame 1b and the lower frame 1 are provided.
The inner space between B and c is provided as a lower space for attaching the floating member. In order to load the soil into the upper space, the perforated sheet or mesh 6 is spread on the middle frame 1b which is the bottom of the upper space. FIG. 1 shows an example in which a mesh 6 is laid, and in this case, the side wall of the upper space is also surrounded by this mesh 6 to have a container shape. If necessary, a decorative panel (not shown) is attached to the side wall surrounded by the mesh 6. Also, although not shown in the figure,
In the upper space, support rods around which the roots and trunks of plants are wound are set up. This support rod can be made independent by fixing the lower end to the horizontal rails 3 and 4.

FIG. 2 shows a pipe for forming a frame. This pipe uses a light weight hollow pipe 7 (3-5 cmφ) such as a hard PVC pipe or an aluminum pipe.
Assemble into the frame using the T-type joint 8 and the L-type joint 9. At that time, in order to prevent water from entering the pipe, the pipe end is closed by using a plug 10 or the like, and air is enclosed in the pipe to enhance buoyancy. If the buoyancy of the entire floating island is sufficient, as will be described later, a frame frame can be constructed using a non-corrosive metal rod or an angle.

FIG. 3 shows a partial longitudinal section of the floating island of the present invention in which the soil 11 is loaded in the upper space and the air bag 12 is attached in the lower space. The soil 11 is loaded into the upper space in which the bottom and the side walls are surrounded by the mesh 6, and plants are planted in the soil 11. Relatively large plants are supported by the support rods 13 that are set up in the soil 11. The air bag 12 is fixed to the frame by a band 14 in the lower space. An air adjusting port 15 is attached to the air bag 12. The air adjusting port 15 is connected to a hose 16 extending above the water surface, and by supplying and discharging compressed air through the hose 16, the buoyancy of the entire floating island is adjusted. By adjusting this buoyancy, the water surface level WL is set near the bottom of the soil 11 in the state where plants are planted. Also, a decorative plate 17 is attached to the outer wall on the side wall portion exposed on the water surface.

FIG. 4 shows the planar arrangement of the air bag 12 installed in the lower space. In this case,
Two cylindrical air bags 12 are attached in parallel to each other, and by arranging them so as to face each other as much as possible, the balance of the floating islands can be stabilized.

FIG. 5 shows an example of the structure of the cultivated soil 11. Perlite, vermiculite, lightweight expanded stone, etc. 18, natural pumice stone 19, organic material such as bark, peat moss, or granulated product 20 of light soil, charcoal. An example in which 21 and the like are mixed is shown. Further, by mixing the mesh chips 22 in this mixture, the medium and the root of the plant can be easily entangled. The particle size of such lightweight soil is preferably about 0.5 to 2 cm. These materials are porous, have high nutrient retention, are suitable for rooting of plants, and have high water purification ability such as colonization of microorganisms. An appropriate amount of mesh chips 22 of about 1 cm mesh is mixed. As a result, the entanglement of roots and soil can be supported, and the geotextile effect can be exhibited. Therefore, since the rhizosphere's numbness is enhanced, wind damage to plants can be reduced.

FIG. 6 shows a state in which various types of plants are planted on the unit floating island thus constructed, and a required number of these floating island units are arranged and moored. The unit area of a floating island is 3m x 3m, 2m x 4m, 2.5m.
Various sizes such as × 5 m can be adopted, but the depth of the soil should be about 0.5 to 1.5 m. In any case, it is possible to form huge floating islands by anchoring them so that they do not float and connecting the floating island units to each other. In addition, since the walls and other parts of the floating surface appear to be in a natural state, it is possible to improve the landscape by shaping them with a lightweight material such as Styrofoam to make them look like pseudo rocks or trees and attach them to the sides.

In planting the plant in the soil, it is possible to plant seedlings or mature trees. Further, depending on the type of plant, it can be grown from sowing. For example, grass, flowers and weeds can be sown directly.

In any case, in the floating island of the present invention, the surface of the cultivated soil is in the atmosphere higher than the water surface and is porous cultivated soil, so that the upper part of the root part of the plant planted on this is kept breathable. Sailing and terrestrial plants can also be cultivated freely. In addition to rainwater, the water is naturally supplied by sucking water from the surface of the water below the soil by capillarity, and excess rainwater is naturally drained below the surface.

Not only terrestrial plants but also aqueous plants such as reeds and reeds can be planted freely. In this case, the floating surface may be adjusted so that the water surface is located slightly above the center of the soil.

Even in the case of a relatively large plant, the root part is entangled with the frame and the supporting rod, and if the roots are stuck together, a root system layer having the required strength is formed in the soil, so that the plant is stably planted. You will be able to plant. When it is predicted that the buoyancy will be insufficient, a lightweight material such as a polystyrene foam plate may be applied to the lower space or the side wall to assist the buoyancy.

[0021]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Floating islands can be constructed relatively easily, and terrestrial plants as well as aquatic plants can be planted freely on this floating island.
It becomes possible to cultivate these plants on the surface of water such as lakes and marshes, urban and rural rivers, shores of dam sites, etc., improving the landscape and purifying water quality using plant materials. As a habitat for birds and aquatic animals, it has a useful effect on biotope formation.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a frame for forming a floating island of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial front view showing an example of a pipe used for a frame.

FIG. 3 is a partial vertical sectional view of the floating island of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing an example of an air bag portion attached to the lower space of the floating island of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view showing an example of the soil to be loaded on the floating island of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an overall view showing a state in which the floating island units of the present invention are assembled.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Surrounding frame that regulates the area of floating islands 2 Vertical frame 3,4 Horizontal rail 5 Vertical rail 6 Mesh 7 Hollow pipe 8 T-type joint 9 L-type joint 10 Stopper 11 Paddy soil 12 Air bag 13 Support rod 14 Air bag mounting band 15 Air Adjustment port 16 Hose 17 Side wall for decoration 18 Light expansion stone 19 Pumice stone 20 Granulated product 21 Charcoal 22 Mesh shavings

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Junko Matsumura 2-1-1, Tobita, Chofu-shi, Tokyo Kashima Construction Co., Ltd. Technical Research Institute (72) Inventor Hisako Matsutomi 2-1-1, Tobita, Chofu-shi, Tokyo Kashima Construction Co., Ltd. Technical Research Center

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A three-dimensionally assembled frame frame is divided into an upper space and a lower space, a water-permeable sheet or net is laid at the bottom of an upper space in the frame frame, and side walls are surrounded by wall members. , An artificial floating island in which light weight soil for planting plants with improved rhizosphere stress is loaded and a floating member is attached to the lower space in the frame. 2. The artificial floating island according to claim 1, wherein the buoyancy is adjusted so that the water surface position of the planted state is the lower layer position of the lightweight soil filled in the upper layer space. 3. The floating member comprises a plurality of air bags, and each air bag is provided with an air adjusting port.
The artificial floating island described in. 4. The artificial floating island according to claim 1, wherein the frame member and the wall member are members having a specific gravity of 1 or less. 5. The artificial floating island according to claim 1, wherein the wall member surrounding the side wall of the upper space comprises a water-permeable sheet or net and a decorative plate attached to the outside thereof.