JP2004337117A - Floating capillary water-absorbing body or capillary water absorbing box and its capillary water absorbing container - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a capillary water absorbing container in which the environment on spraying similar to the internal structure of soil in a plant root part is formed by arranging an integral and three-dimensional space for capillary water absorbing fabric and to enable culture in every places when a water tank exists, because the capillary water absorbing container floats on water surface and water absorption by the capillary can be practiced from the bottom of the container and to enable the formation of an arbitrary shape by buildup of the containers. <P>SOLUTION: The floating capillary water absorbing container 45 composed of a capillary water absorbing member 1 obtained by arranging a plurality of substrates 4 obtained by covering capillary water absorbing fabrics 3 on lightweight columnar members floating on water surface and composed of foamed styrol, or the like, at prescribed intervals in parallel and a covering lid 11 for surrounding the capillary water absorbing member 1 is formed, and a plant 29 is put in a planting hole 12 on the upper surface of the covering lid and cultured. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to cultivating a plant with a nutrient solution without using soil, and further relates to capillary hydroponics cultivating using a capillary absorbent cloth. The cultivation method relates to a capillary water absorption container for cultivating by cultivating the nutrient solution on the bottom surface of the cultivation container by a capillary action of a three-dimensionally arranged capillary water absorption cloth, and furthermore, cultivating by floating on the water surface.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The root of a conventional capillary hydroponic plant is placed on a horizontal or loosely inclined flat part of a capillary water-absorbing cloth or a capillary water-absorbing sheet, and the root is covered with a vinyl sheet or the like and sealed. The cultivation has been performed by sucking up or down the capillary of the nutrient solution from the end of the capillary absorbent cloth on the flat cultivation floor, or supplying the nutrient solution by dropping water from above. As described above, the cultivation floor using the capillary water supply cloth or sheet has a flat arrangement of the capillary water absorption cloth or sheet regardless of whether it is fixed or floating, and the cultivation floor is three-dimensional, and there is nothing that floats. Was. Others having a capillary water absorption function and having a three-dimensional space in which the cultivation floor of the plant root is integrally molded with a sintered body or a foam have been proposed. The integral molded body with the required space having the capillary water absorption function has a three-dimensional internal water absorption function of the plant root with the passage of time, even if the entire molded body has a capillary water absorption power at an early stage. Penetration and corrosion, movement of fine particles in water, accumulation of salts, and the like are apt to cause clogging, the water absorbing power decreases and decreases, and the capillary water moves only in the surface area. The internal clogging was not practical because it could not be easily removed and regenerated. A three-dimensional integral molded product having a capillary water-absorbing function is a solid integral molded product of a sintered body or a foam, so that it is heavy, easily broken, expensive, and rarely used practically. As described above, the inside of the conventional sintered body or foam of the integrally molded body gradually becomes clogged and does not function, and the capillary water is mainly absorbed and moved on the surface portion. If it becomes such a state, the inside of the three-dimensionally arranged capillary water absorbing body is replaced as a column made of a lightweight styrene foam having no capillary water absorbing function, and the surface of the column has a capillary water absorbing function. It is intended to cover with a capillary absorbent cloth.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Regardless of whether the conventional capillary hydroponic system is fixed or floating, the cultivation floor of the plant root is horizontal or gently inclined, so it can be used on a flat cultivation floor. The placed plant roots spread along the cultivation floor and grow by absorbing the capillary water-absorbing nutrient solution. Compared to the three-dimensional arrangement of the plant roots of soil cultivation, the plant roots on the horizontal cultivation floor with a capillary absorbent cloth have a flat rooting method according to the contact area, so the amount of nutrient solution to absorb water is Limited, thereby requiring a large contact area and a large cultivation floor area. The present invention provides not a method of extending a plant root by a flat cultivation floor of a capillary absorbent cloth but a method of extending a three-dimensional root by a three-dimensional cultivation floor as in natural soil cultivation. The cultivation floor itself is constructed of a lightweight body that can float on the water surface. In addition, the three-dimensional cultivation floor is not a solid molded body having a capillary water-absorbing function but a lightweight column such as styrene foam having no capillary water-absorbing function covered with a capillary water supply cloth. Until now, there has been no capillary hydroponic system using a three-dimensionally arranged cultivation floor using a floating type capillary absorbent cloth. In addition, a three-dimensional cultivation in which a plurality of bases, each of which is made of a lightweight square plate such as styrofoam or a triangular prism or the like covered with a capillary water-absorbing cloth, which has no three-dimensional capillary water-absorbing function and does not have a capillary water-absorbing function, is arranged in parallel at required intervals. The floor is nowhere and is provided by the present invention. Until now, there has been a cultivation floor with a three-dimensional capillary water absorption function integrally molded with a sintered body or foam, but these are only integrally molded with a formwork, which is costly, fragile, and the inside is capillary water absorption. Clogging is likely to occur due to fine particles and the like during the movement, and reproduction is difficult and not practical.
The inside of the conventional integrally formed three-dimensional cultivation bed having a capillary water absorption function gradually becomes clogged, and the capillary water absorption moves along the surface area of the three-dimensional cultivation bed. In other words, according to the present invention, a three-dimensional cultivation floor having a capillary water absorbing function integrally formed of a sintered body, a foam, or the like, has a weak capillary absorbing function due to clogging inside the three-dimensional portion, and a capillary water absorbing function along the surface area. If such a condition occurs, a three-dimensional capillary is used by using a column made of plastics or the like that does not require a capillary water absorption function and covering the surface of the column with a capillary absorbent cloth. It is considered that if a cultivation bed having a water absorption function can be provided, a three-dimensional cultivation bed having a cheap and strong capillary water absorption function can be provided. Moreover, the cloth-type capillary water-absorbing cloth can be easily regenerated by immersing in water, spraying with water, removing and washing, or replacing the clogging due to deterioration of capillary water-absorbing function or salt accumulation. Up to now, there has been no floating type cultivation floor with a three-dimensional capillary water absorption function. The floating three-dimensional capillary hydroponic system is always cultivated in a state with nutrient solution on the bottom surface, so there is no need to control the nutrient solution, the nutrient solution can be absorbed at any time, and the root of the plant is three-dimensional. It is a cultivation floor with a space that has a good capillary water absorption function, similar to the state in a mist, without the need to replenish oxygen, and similar to the three-dimensional rooting method of organic soil cultivation. Therefore, it is possible to provide a plant that is extremely easy to manage. In addition, there is no floating fertilizer integrated with fertilizer on the three-dimensional cultivation floor, and the cover surrounding the three-dimensional cultivation floor is insulated to reduce the temperature change due to outside air at the root. It is composed of an insulating sheet or a heat insulating material. In addition, by providing at least the upper surface of the cover with an aluminum film, the irradiation from the back of the cultivated plant can be improved to promote photosynthesis, and at the same time, to provide a method for controlling pests caused by reflected light. .
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Instead of a single flat cultivation floor with the capillary water absorption cloth of the conventional capillary water culture, a three-dimensional arrangement with the required spacing between the capillary water absorptions so as to resemble a three-dimensional mist state like inside the soil And the integrated cultivation floor can float on the water surface. If soil is removed inside the soil cultivation, the humidity is high, and the plant roots are three-dimensionally distributed in a state where the plant roots can absorb nutrients and moisture. In other words, the state of the plant roots from which the soil for soil cultivation has been removed is a state in which the roots are distributed three-dimensionally in the spray state. Such a three-dimensional rooting method of the soil plant root is similarly artificially provided by the three-dimensional arrangement of the capillary absorbent cloth. In addition, the present invention provides a plant that can be cultivated by floating in a water tank having a sufficient nutrient solution so that there is no need to worry about water shortage due to sunshine as in soil cultivation and to control moisture. Cultivation is performed with the bottom surface of the cultivation bed in contact with the nutrient solution while the cultivation floor having the three-dimensional arrangement of the capillary absorbent cloth is floating. Capillary water-absorbing body having a three-dimensional arrangement of capillary water-absorbing cloth cultivated while floating on the water surface, a capillary water-absorbing box having side walls surrounding the outer periphery of the capillary water-absorbing body at a required interval, and this capillary water-absorbing body And a capillary water-absorbing container in which a capillary water-absorbing box is covered.
[0005]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
In the present invention, a base having a capillary water-absorbing function in which a capillary water-supply cloth is coated on a lightweight molded body such as styrene foam or a hollow plastics molded body having no capillary water-absorbing function that floats on the water surface is provided in parallel at a required interval. A plurality of capillary water absorbers are arranged and integrated, and furthermore, the height of the intermediate body is made lower than the height of the base body at both ends of a plurality of parallel base bodies of the integrated floating capillary water body. The basic structure is a capillary water absorber. Further, the present invention is based on a floating capillary water absorbing box in which a capillary water absorbing body composed of a plurality of floating bases and a side wall surrounding the outer circumference of the capillary water absorbing body at a predetermined interval are integrated. Further, a cover for surrounding the capillary water-absorbing body or the capillary water-absorbing box, or a cover for surrounding the plant so as to have a space for plant roots at the top of the capillary water-absorbing body. It consists of a floating water-absorbing container in which a plant root is placed on the top of a capillary water-absorbing substrate. As a basic configuration, a single base body having a capillary water absorption function in which a single pillar body of styrofoam or a hollow plastic molded body floating on the water surface is covered with a capillary water absorbing cloth, and the outer periphery of the single pillar body It consists of a capillary water absorption box consisting of an enclosed side wall and an integrated side wall at a required interval, and a cover of the capillary water absorption box. Plants are put in the planting holes on the upper surface of the cover, and the plant root is placed on the top of the base. This is a capillary water absorption container to be placed. The present invention further provides a recess in a part of the column of the base body of the capillary water-absorbing body, and arranges a plate-like or rod-like solid fertilizer or a bag-like fertilizer in which a granular fertilizer is put in a cloth bag or the like in the recess. A solid fertilizer or a bag-shaped fertilizer is disposed between a pillar of a base and a capillary absorbent cloth coated thereon. In addition, the present invention provides a capillary water-absorbing container in which the cover is formed of a heat-insulating sheet or a heat-insulating material, and the column of the capillary water-absorbing body has a heat-insulating property of styrene foam or a hollow plastic molded body. Have heat insulation properties that are less susceptible to changes in the temperature of the outside air. As described above, since the entire capillary water-absorbing container has heat insulation properties, the roots of the cultivated plants have a buffering effect that is not easily affected by the high temperature during the daytime and the low temperature during the nighttime, as in soil cultivation. This is effective for reducing the temperature change at the root of the plant. This is advantageous for plant roots. Furthermore, by covering at least the upper surface of the cap of the capillary water absorption container with an aluminum film, it is effective in promoting photosynthesis by the reflection of sunlight of plants and controlling pests by irradiating plant stems and the back of leaves during cultivation. .
[0006]
【Example】
1 (b) is a perspective view of a capillary water absorbing body, FIG. 1 (a) is a perspective view of its cover, and FIG. 1 (c) is a cross-sectional view of a capillary water absorbing container composed of (a) and (b). FIG. 1 (b) is a light-weight material such as styrofoam or the like, which is a square pillar having a plate-like cross section and has a width of several millimeters to several centimeters, and in some cases, a column 2 of several tens centimeters wide. A plurality of centimeters and, in some cases, several tens of centimeters are arranged at required intervals, and they are integrated together with the side plates 6 for columns, and each column 2 is covered with a tubular bag-shaped capillary absorbent cloth 3. The capillary water absorber 1 is formed by integrally forming the base 4 with a lightweight side plate 5 made of styrene foam or the like with an adhesive or the like. The height of the side plates 5, 6 is higher than the height of the column 2 having a height of several centimeters to several tens of centimeters, and in some cases, several tens centimeters when the plant root is placed on the substrate 4. This is because the root space 54 is formed. Capillary water-absorbing container 45 is formed by covering lid 11 so as to surround the entire capillary water-absorbing body 1. The capillary water absorbing body 1 and the cover 11 may be closely attached and detached, but a triangular protrusion 7 or a round protrusion 8 is provided below the side plates 5 and 6 so that the cover 11 can be attached to the cover 11 as shown in FIG. The projections 7 and 8 may be provided with triangular recesses 9 and / or round recesses 10 at positions corresponding to the projections 7 and 8 so that they can be fitted and removed. At this time, the cover 11 can be easily attached and detached by widening the fitting portion if the cover 11 is somewhat elastic, such as styrene foam.
[0007]
FIG. 2A is a perspective view of another capillary water-absorbing body 1, and FIG. 2B shows a capillary water-absorbing container 45 whose cover 11 is shown in FIG. 2A, the height of the bases 14 at both ends is higher than the height of the base 13 at the middle of the plurality of bases 4 in which the column 2 is covered with the capillary water absorbing cloth 3. The moist space portion 54 of the plant root is formed by the difference in the height. If the magic fastener (registered trademark) 16 for a water absorbing body, which is joined in a key-to-key hole relationship, is fixed to the joint between the side surface of each column 2 and the side plate 5, the column 2 and the side plate 5 can be easily formed. Can be integrated or removed. If an opening 15 is provided on the side surface of each column 2, the air contact with the capillary absorbent cloth 3 increases, and the solid fertilizer 36 or the fertilizer bag 37 is put into the portion to gradually dissolve the fertilizer by the capillary water absorption. Can be supplied. As shown in FIG. 2 (b), when the magic fastener (registered trademark) 17 is fixed to the cover magic fastener (registered trademark) 17 at the lower portion of the side walls 5, 6 and the cover lid 11 at the corresponding position, respectively. If is elastic, the capillary water absorbent 1 and the cover 11 can be attached and detached by expanding the portion.
[0008]
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of another capillary water absorber. This shows the capillary water-absorbing body 1 in which the joining of each column 2 and the side plate 5 is integrated by fitting the trapezoidal projection 18 on each column 2 side with the trapezoidal recess 19 on the side plate 5 side. The cap is easily detached so that the capillary absorbent cloth can be replaced.
[0009]
FIG. 4A is a perspective view of a long capillary absorbent, and FIG. 4B is a perspective view of its cover. A large number of base bodies 13 in the middle part of the long capillary water absorbing body 1 whose height is lower than the height of the base bodies 14 at both ends are arranged, and the difference in the height of the base bodies is the volume of the plant root part. The space 54 is formed. This applies when growing a large number of plants. The number of the planting holes 12 of the cover 11 in FIG. 4B is determined depending on the type of the plant. If the magic fastener (registered trademark) 17 is fixed around the outer periphery of the cover 11 of the capillary water absorption container 45 composed of the capillary water absorption body 1 and the cover 11, a large number of the capillary water absorption containers 45 floating on the water surface can be formed. Can be interconnected.
[0010]
FIG. 5 is a perspective view in which a plurality of square pillars are integrated. FIG. 6 is a perspective view in which a plurality of triangular prisms are integrated. FIG. 7 is a perspective view in which a plurality of elliptical cylinders are integrated. FIG. 8 is a perspective view in which a circular column is integrated. Each of the column side plates 6 has a height of FIGS. 6 and 7 that form a root space portion 54 that holds the volume of a plant root portion, and a height of FIGS. 5 and 8 that does not have a root space portion 54. In any case, the root space 54 for forming the volume of the root is necessary. Therefore, the root space 54 is formed by the side plate 6 for the column, or the cover 24 with space having the root space as shown in FIG. The difference is whether to form.
[0011]
FIG. 9 shows a hollow columnar body 25 made of a plastics molded body or the like in which the inside of the columnar body is hollow. FIG. 9 (a) has a plate-shaped cross section, and FIG. Capillary water-absorbing container 45 is constituted by cover 24 with space, which forms heat-insulating plant root space 54.
[0012]
FIG. 10 shows a perspective view, a plan view, and a side view of the capillary water-absorbing cloth 3 covering the column 2. FIG. 10 (a) is a perspective view of a tubular bag-like shape for covering the column with the capillary water-absorbing cloth. FIG. 10 (c) shows a structure in which a magic zipper (registered trademark) 27 for a capillary water absorbing cloth is fixed to both ends of the capillary water absorbing cloth 3, and as shown in FIG. The coating is detachable with a magic fastener (registered trademark) 27. FIG. 10 (d) shows a case where a water-permeable root-preventing sheet 26 that allows water to pass through but does not pass through plant roots is applied to the capillary water-absorbing cloth 3. Good to do. FIG. 10 (e) shows a state in which the capillary water absorbent cloth 3 is overlaid and adhered, and the capillary water generated in the gap between the double capillary water absorbent cloths and the capillary water absorbent cloth itself is smaller than the single capillary water absorbent cloth 3. Interaction with capillary water can provide more capillary water absorption than a single body. This is adjusted according to the type of plant and the like. The capillary water-absorbing cloth 3 may be either a woven cloth or a non-woven cloth, but each fiber has a convex cross section, and a large number of these fibers form a single thread and do not corrode. A material made of synthetic fibers such as nylon and polyester is suitable, and a material that can easily remove impurities and salts accumulated by water soaking, hand washing, spraying, or the like is preferable. This is a merit different from the difficulty of regeneration due to clogging, because the three-dimensional capillary water absorber integrally formed of a sintered body or a foam is fragile.
[0013]
FIG. 11 shows a perspective view of the plant to be planted. FIG. 11 (a) shows a seedling grown on a solid medium of rock wool 34 or granular cotton, FIG. 11 (b) shows a seed which is directly sown on rock wool 34, FIG. 11 (c) shows only the plant roots obtained by washing the soil portion of the soil seedling with water, and FIG. 11 (d) shows the plant roots grown on the granular cotton 28. The plant roots shown in FIG. A moisturizer such as cotton or artificial moss 35 is placed to form the plant root 30. These plant roots 30 are put into a pot 33, put into the planting hole 12 of a capillary water absorbing container 45, and placed on the capillary water absorbing body 1 for cultivation. FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the pot 33. In order for the plant root part 30 to be stretched in the root space part 54 of the capillary water absorption container 45, not only the bottom surface of the pot 33 but also the lower part of the side surface is preferably opened, as shown in FIGS. 12 (a) and 12 (b). , (C) show perspective views of the various shapes.
[0014]
FIG. 13 is a functional explanatory view of a cross section of the capillary water absorption container. The capillary water absorption container 45 floating on the nutrient solution 52 in the water tank of FIG. It is lower than the height of the base 14, and the lower part forms the root space 54 of the plant root 30. The plant 29 put in the pot 33 is placed on the top of the base 13 and cultivated. The nutrient solution 52 rises on all the substrates by capillary water absorption as indicated by arrows by the capillary water absorbing cloth 3 of the substrate. Since the bases 13 and 14 are arranged in parallel with a required interval of several millimeters to several centimeters, the space is maintained in a high humidity state. The nutrient solution is preferable for plant roots because the nutrient solution is turned into a nutrient solution with a large amount of dissolved oxygen by contact with air while rising by the capillary water absorption of the thin film of the capillary water absorbing cloth. In addition, root hairs of the main roots are generated also in the humid space between the capillary water-absorbing cloths, so that air oxygen can be efficiently absorbed. As the temperature rises, moisture in the moisture condenses on the ceiling of the inner peripheral surface of the cover 11 and adheres as water droplets, so that the inside of the container 45 maintains a high humidity state. In such a state of the root portion, the plant root is spread three-dimensionally. The state of the root portion is a state having both the moisture root between the capillary watering cloth and the underwater root extending to the lower nutrient solution. The moist middle root is easy to maintain the growth against the temperature change, and is resistant to the change in the outside air, which is convenient. If the water droplets attached to the inner ceiling of the cover lid 11 gradually increase and drop, they serve to wash salts accumulated on the substrate and the like. The salt accumulation on the cultivation floor of the substrate can be removed by immersing the whole container in water. After the cultivation, the capillary absorbent body 1 can be regenerated by immersing in water, spraying, etc., and washing it against clogging such as salt accumulation. In some cases, the capillary absorbent cloth 3 itself may be replaced. Such a state of the plant root is similar to the internal structure of the three-dimensional aggregate structure of the organic cultivated soil. Soil cultivation always changes depending on the weather conditions, such as flooding due to rain or water shortage due to fine weather. However, since it is constantly floating in the nutrient solution as in the capillary water absorption container of the present invention, the state of the plant root is always changed. Are kept in the best condition. The cultivation pot 33 is not necessarily required, and if the plant root 30 is a solid medium such as rock wool that does not lose its shape, it can be directly inserted into the implantation hole 12 of the capillary water absorption container 45 without any gap. Good. When only the plant roots obtained by washing the soil seedlings are used as shown in FIG. 11C, the plant roots are placed on the capillary water absorbing body as shown in FIG. It is advisable to cover soil with water retention.
[0015]
FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a solid fertilizer. FIG. 14 (a) is a chocolate-shaped solid fertilizer 36, FIG. 14 (b) is a rod-shaped solid fertilizer 36, and FIG. 14 (c) is a fertilizer containing powder or granular fertilizer. The bag 37 is shown. FIG. 15 shows a perspective view and a cross-sectional view in which the solid fertilizers 36 and 37 are disposed on the column 2, and FIGS. 15A and 15E show the arrangement of the solid fertilizers 36 and 37 in the concave portion 38 of the column 2 of the base. 15 (b) and (c) show the arrangement of the solid fertilizers 36 and 37 interposed between the column 2 and the capillary absorbent cloth 3, and FIG. 15 (d) shows the opening of the column 2. The part 15 is provided with solid fertilizers 36 and 37. FIG. 15F shows a cross-sectional view in which solid fertilizers 36 and 37 are provided in a capillary water absorption container 45. When the solid fertilizers 36 and 37 are disposed in the capillary water absorbing body 1 as described above, when floating and cultivating on a large area such as a lake pond, since the lake pond has little fertilizer content, the fertilizer is gradually combined with the capillary water absorption. Can be cultivated so as to elute. In this way, the floating capillary absorption container 45 with fertilizer can be watched and cultivated for a long period of time not only for a lake or a pond but also for a theme park or various events.
[0016]
FIG. 16 shows a perspective view of a capillary water absorption box in which a plurality of pillars and side walls are integrated, a cover thereof, and a cross-sectional view of a capillary water absorption container made of them. FIG. 16A is a perspective view of a capillary water absorption box 44 in which side walls 39 surrounding the outer periphery of a plurality of pillars 2 at a required interval of several millimeters to several centimeters are integrated. The capillary water absorption box 44 composed of a plurality of parallel columns and side walls thereof is made of a lightweight material such as styrofoam or the like and is integrally molded, and can be easily mass-produced and provided at low cost. At this time, the column body can be easily attached to and detached from the column by using a capillary water absorption cloth with a magic fastener (registered trademark) 27. FIG. 16 (b) is a perspective view of the cover 11 of the capillary water absorbing box 44 of FIG. 16 (a), and FIG. FIG. 16D is a cross-sectional view of the capillary water absorption container 45 in which the upper part of the capillary water absorption box 44 of FIG.
[0017]
FIG. 17A is a perspective view of a long capillary water-absorbing box, in which a plurality of parallel pillars 2 cross each other in the longitudinal direction, and FIG. Is parallel to. These are appropriately selected depending on the strength and moldability of the capillary water absorbing box, the manner of the capillary water absorbing cloth, and the like. 17C is a perspective view of the cover 11 of the capillary water absorbing box 44 shown in FIGS. 17A and 17B, and FIG. 17D is a view of the capillary water absorbing container 45 composed of the capillary water absorbing box 44 and the cover 11 shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing. If molded integrally with a lightweight material such as styrofoam, a large amount can be provided at low cost, and many plants can be cultivated collectively. These are like styrofoam empty boxes and can sufficiently float on the water surface.
[0018]
FIG. 18 shows a plan view and a sectional view of a circular capillary water absorbing box, and a sectional view and a perspective view of a cover thereof. FIG. 18 (a) is a plan view of a circular capillary water absorption box, FIG. 18 (b) is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 18 (a), and FIG. ) Is a sectional view of the cover 11 of the circular capillary water absorbing box 44, and FIG. 18D is a sectional view of another box lid 40 of the circular capillary water absorbing box 44. The lid shapes of (c) and (d) are appropriately selected. FIG. 18E is a perspective view of the cover 11. It provides a cylindrical appearance. FIG. 19 shows a plan view and a cross-sectional view of another circular capillary water absorption box 44. In this example, the column is a circular column 43, and the side wall 39 surrounding the column 43 also has a columnar shape, and these are integrated by a connecting plate 42 therebetween. FIG. 19A is a plan view of a circular capillary water absorption box, and FIG. 19B is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. It is to provide a one-piece appearance having a cylindrical shape.
[0019]
FIG. 20 is a perspective view of a triangular prism-shaped capillary water absorption box and a cross-sectional view of the capillary water absorption container. FIG. 20A is a perspective view of a capillary water absorbing box 44, and FIG. 20B is a cross-sectional view of a capillary water absorbing container 45. FIG. 21 is a perspective view of an elliptic cylindrical capillary water absorbing box and a cross-sectional view of the capillary water absorbing container. FIG. 21A is a perspective view of the capillary water absorption box 44, and FIG. 21B is a cross-sectional view of the capillary water absorption container 45.
[0020]
FIG. 22 is a plan view and a cross-sectional view in which a capillary water absorption container is floated in a water tank. FIG. 22A is a cross-sectional view in which a capillary water absorption container 45 is floating in a water tank 46 containing a nutrient solution. FIG. 22 (b) shows a plan view of the capillary water absorption container 45, which is made of a lightweight body such as styrene foam and has a hollow interior, so that even if a plant grows and becomes heavy, it can float. If the nutrient solution 52 is sufficiently supplied to the water tank 46, there is no need to pay attention to watering the plants.
[0021]
FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view of the arrangement of a capillary water-absorbing container and a storage tank floating in a water tank, and a plan view thereof. FIG. 23 (a) shows that when a large amount of rain falls during cultivation while floating the capillary water-absorbing container 45 in a long water tank 46, the water level in the water tank 46 rises, and when the water level reaches a certain water level, the overflow pipe 51 , A cross-sectional view of an arrangement adapted to flow out to a storage tank 47 in the lower orientation of the water tank 46. With such an arrangement, rainwater can be used effectively. FIG. 23 (b) is a plan view of FIG. 23 (a). Since the capillary water absorption container 45 is floating in the water tank 46 set at a waist height by the gantry 48, it is pushed out like a rotating sushi plate. As each capillary water absorption container moves, a capillary water absorption container 45 containing plant seedlings is pushed out from one end of a long water tank 46, and a continuous labor-saving so that plants that can grow and harvest from the other end are taken out. It is possible to adopt a suitable cultivation method. Above all, there is the merit that the plant can be cultivated in a standing and comfortable posture with less labor.
[0022]
FIG. 24 is a perspective view showing the connection of a number of capillary water absorbing containers. Since the individual capillary water-absorbing containers 45 are raised and cultivated, they can be gathered or separated by attaching and detaching a cover fastener (registered trademark) 17 fixed to the side surface of the container cover 11. In addition, if the aluminum film 53 is applied to at least the upper surface of the container cover 11, sunlight is reflected and radiated also to the back side of the leaf surface of the cultivated plant, so that photosynthesis is well performed and the growth of the plant is improved. . In this way, the back of the leaves and the back of the stems are also reflected and irradiated, so that pests and the like parasitic on plants are less likely to parasitize. FIG. 25 shows a plan view and a sectional view of various shapes in which a number of capillary water-absorbing containers 45 floating on the water surface are assembled. FIGS. 25 (a) and 25 (b) show a plan view in which a large number of capillary water absorbing containers 45 floating on the water surface in a lake pond 49 or the like are gathered, and the fish shape shown in FIG. 25A and the heart shape shown in FIG. It is suitable for viewing plants floating on the water at sightseeing spots and various event venues. FIG. 25 (c) shows an artificial pond 50 in which a vinyl sheet is laid on a fallow field or an unused land, in which a nutrient solution is put, and a large number of capillary water-absorbing containers 45 are floated for cultivation. The advantage of floating and cultivation is that regardless of the water level of the nutrient solution, it grows by taking in moisture and nutrients by capillary water absorption from the bottom of the capillary water absorption container 45, and the plant root always resembles the root environment of a certain organic agriculture. Cultivation while maintaining an environment like spraying.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
Since the capillary water absorption body or the capillary water absorption box and the capillary water absorption container of the present invention float on the surface of the water and are cultivated because the nutrient solution is always stored, since the bottom surface of the capillary water absorption container is in contact with the nutrient solution, The state of the plant root, that is, the inside of the capillary water absorption container is a plurality of three-dimensional and parallel arrangements of capillary water absorption cloths, and there is a gap between the capillary water absorption cloths. It is in a wet state. More specifically, a light absorbing floating body is covered with a capillary absorbent cloth to form a base, and a cultivation floor for an integrated three-dimensional capillary absorbent body formed by arranging a plurality of bases in parallel. The root of the plant is in a wet state like spray. The plant root has both the moisture root between the capillary water-absorbing cloth and the underwater root extended in the nutrient solution, and the moisture root is advantageous because it mainly grows well and is resistant to temperature changes. Since the root of the plant is surrounded by a lightweight heat-insulating styrofoam container or the like, it is hardly affected by the outside air and maintains a certain environment. This is favorable for plant roots. As described above, the plant root of the capillary water-absorbing container always keeps a wet state such as good spray. Since the capillary water-absorbing container is in a floating state, it can be easily moved, and the capillary water-absorbing containers can be easily assembled and separated. Since it can be formed into an arbitrary shape such as a fish shape by a large number of capillary water-absorbing containers, it is also suitable for appreciation of theme parks, various events and sightseeing spots. Because it is a cultivation container that floats, it can be cultivated well in a water tank set at a waist high, in a water tank on a home veranda, or in a rooftop water tank. But it can be grown. The salt accumulation on the cultivation floor can be regenerated by immersing the capillary water-absorbing container in water as it is, or by removing the capillary water supply and immersing it in water or spraying the water. In some cases, the capillary absorbent cloth can be replaced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a capillary water absorbing body, a perspective view of a cover thereof, and a cross-sectional view of a capillary water absorbing container formed therefrom.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of another capillary water absorbing body and a cross-sectional view of a capillary water absorbing container.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of another capillary water absorber.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a long capillary water absorber and a perspective view of a cover.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of another capillary water absorber.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of another capillary water absorber.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of another capillary water absorber.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of another capillary water absorber.
FIG. 9 is a sectional view of another capillary water absorption container.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view, a plan view, and a side view of a capillary absorbent cloth.
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of an implanted plant.
FIG. 12 is a perspective view of an implantation pot.
FIG. 13 is a functional explanatory view of a cross section of the capillary water absorption container.
FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a solid fertilizer.
FIG. 15 is a perspective view and a sectional view of a base on which a solid fertilizer is provided.
FIG. 16 is a perspective view of a capillary water absorption box and its cover, and a cross-sectional view of the capillary water absorption container.
FIG. 17 is a perspective view of another capillary water absorption box and its cover, and a cross-sectional view of the capillary water absorption container.
FIG. 18 is a plan view and a sectional view of another capillary water absorbing box, and a sectional view and a perspective view of a cover thereof.
FIG. 19 is a plan view and a sectional view of another capillary water supply box.
FIG. 20 is a perspective view of another capillary water absorption box and a cross-sectional view of the capillary water absorption container.
FIG. 21 is a perspective view of another capillary water absorption box and a cross-sectional view of the capillary water absorption container.
FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view and a plan view of a water tank on which a capillary water-absorbing container is floated.
FIG. 23 is an arrangement sectional view and a plan view of an arrangement of a water tank with a capillary water absorption container and a storage tank.
FIG. 24 is a perspective view showing the connection of a capillary water absorption container.
FIG. 25 is a plan view and a sectional view in which a number of capillary water absorbing containers are assembled.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Capillary water absorber
2 pillar
3 Capillary absorbent cloth
4 Base
5 Side plate
6 Side plate for pillar
7 Triangular protrusion
8 round projections
9 triangle recess
10 Round dent
11 Cover
12 implantation holes
13 Intermediate base
14 Bases at both ends
15 Opening
16 Magic Fastener for Water Absorber (registered trademark)
17 Magic Fastener for Cover (registered trademark)
18 trapezoidal projection
19 trapezoidal dent
20 Square prism
21 Triangular prism
22 Elliptic cylinder
23 circular column
24 Cover with space
25 hollow column
26 Permeable root protection sheet
27 Magic Fastener for Capillary Water-absorbing Cloth (registered trademark)
28 solid medium
29 plants
30 plant roots
31 soil
32 seeds
33 pots
34 rock wool
35 Water Moss
36 solid fertilizer
37 fertilizer bag
38 Pillar recess
39 Side wall
40 Box lid
41 Side wall magic fastener (registered trademark)
42 Connecting plate
43 circular column
44 Capillary water absorption box
45 Capillary water absorption container
46 aquarium
47 storage tank
48 trestle
49 Lake Pond
50 artificial pond
51 overflow pipe
52 nutrient solution
53 Aluminum coating
54 Root space

Claims (9)

A floating capillary water absorbing body characterized in that a plurality of bases having a capillary water absorbing function in which a column body floating on the water surface is covered with a capillary water absorbing cloth are arranged in parallel and integrated at a required interval. 2. A floating capillary water absorber, wherein the height of the base material at both ends thereof is higher than the height of the base material at the intermediate part of the plurality of base materials in parallel with the floating capillary water absorber according to claim 1. 3. A floating capillary water absorbing box, wherein the floating capillary water absorbing body according to claim 1 and a side wall surrounding the outer circumference of the capillary water absorbing body at a predetermined interval are integrated. 3. The capillary absorbent according to claim 1, further comprising: a cover surrounding the capillary absorbent; or a cover surrounding the top of the capillary absorbent so that a plant root is interposed therebetween. A floating water-absorbing container, wherein a plant is placed in a hole and a straight root portion is placed on top of a substrate of the water-absorbing body. A capillary water absorption box according to claim 3, and a cover for the capillary water absorption box, wherein a plant is placed in a planting hole on an upper surface of the cover, and a plant root is placed on the top of a base of the capillary water absorption box. Floating capillary water absorption container. 6. A floating capillary water absorbing body or a capillary water absorbing box and a capillary water absorbing container, wherein a concave part is provided in a part of a column of a substrate of the capillary water absorbing body according to claim 1, and a fertilizer is disposed in the concave part. . 6. A floating capillary water absorbing body or capillary water absorbing box and a capillary water absorbing box, wherein a fertilizer is disposed between the pillar body of the capillary water absorbing body according to claim 1 and the capillary water absorbing cloth coated thereon. Water absorption container. 8. A floating capillary water absorbing container, wherein the cover of the capillary water absorbing container according to claim 4 is formed of a heat insulating sheet or a heat insulating material. 8. A floating capillary water absorption container, wherein at least the upper surface of the lid of the capillary water absorption container according to claim 4 is coated with an aluminum film.

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