KR100281610B1 - Plant breeding seedlings and methods for growing plants using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

Since the present invention is easy to carry and carry, it can be replaced with the growing seedlings in which the existing harvesting in the house and the tunnel is terminated at a time according to the type of crops to be grown, and when used as a growing seedling for hydroponic cultivation, such a fall is made. It is an object of the present invention to provide a growing seedling that can be folded and stored when the liquid fertilizer is removed from the growing seedling.

In the present invention, the nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 20 to 100 g / m ² and a visible light reflectance of 60% or more and a breathable 0.5 to 200 sec / 100 cc / cm ² thermoplastic nonwoven fabric transmits water vapor but does not transmit liquid. The plant-growing seedlings and the nonwoven fabric are black on the back side, characterized by forming a bag-shaped object such as a cylindrical shape and a columnar body with such a nonwoven fabric, and filling a medium capable of growing a plant inside the bag-shaped object. The surface is white or silver, and the bag-shaped object is formed so that the black surface of the nonwoven fabric is on the inner side thereof, and the transmittance of visible light is 30% or less, and at the same time, it forms a bag-shaped object such as a cylindrical shape and a columnar body with such a nonwoven fabric. Of plant growth seedlings filled with a medium that can grow plants inside a bag-shaped object. The present invention relates to a method for growing a plant, characterized in that the seedlings of the plant are transplanted into a hole formed by removing a portion of the upper nonwoven fabric and removing the upper portion of the nonwoven fabric.

Description

Plant breeding seedlings and methods of growing plants using the same

1 is a schematic diagram of a part of the nursery seedlings broken,

2 is a schematic diagram of a part of the nursery seedlings broken in hydroponic cultivation,

3 is a view showing a state in which the nursery seedlings are lined up in the house.

The present invention relates to a transportable plant cultivation seedlings useful for growing crops, such as blackcurrant, pod pea, paddy herb, white vegetable, spinach, tomato and cucumber, and a method of cultivating the plant using the same.

For the cultivation of plants, ① How to make mockups inside houses and tunnels, sowing them, germinating and nurturing them, ② Making and seeding mockups on fields, covering the surface of this mockup with mulching materials, germinating seedlings How to seed a seedling germinated from the mulching material part of a 0- or X-shape (see: JP-A-6-941), ③ Fill the culture soil inside the planter. Method of planting seedlings to germinate or planting seedlings and growing them, ④ Supply hydroponic fertilizer to the inside of the planter and float the seedlings on which the urethane foam cultivation seedlings or expanded polystyrene particles are fused to the top surface of the planter. There is a hydroponic cultivation method for planting such cultivation seedlings to grow plants.

However, in the cultivation of greenhouses and tunnel houses in ① and mulching cultivation in ②, high utilization of the facility use, for example, changing the types of crops to be grown over time, is planned. Insecticides and the like are required to be adjusted according to the crops, and it is necessary to change the soil conditions immediately before the crops according to the type of crops.

In addition, the method of using the planter container of (3) is convenient to carry, but commercially available plastic white planters have high transmittance of visible light, so that the growth of roots is suppressed and only small crops such as whites, spinach and pansy can be grown. Is less.

The hydroponic cultivation method of ④ has the disadvantage that the volume occupied by the planter is large, and the volume required for storing the planter at fall is widened.

Since the growing seedlings of the present invention are easy to carry and carry, they can be replaced with the growing seedlings in which the existing harvesting in the house and the tunnel is terminated at a time according to the type of crops to be grown, and when used as a growing seedling for hydroponic cultivation, the fallowing is made to fall. At this time, it is an object of the present invention to provide a growing seedling that can be folded and stored when the liquid fertilizer is removed from the growing seedling.

In the first aspect of the present invention, a thermoplastic resin having a basis weight of 20 to 100 g / m ² , a visible light reflectance of 60% or more, and a breathability of 0.5 to 200 seconds / 100 cc / cm ² to facilitate transport and storage of the body. At the same time, the nonwoven fabric is a nonwoven fabric which permeates water vapor but does not permeate liquid, and has a nonwoven fabric capable of forming a bag-shaped object such as a cylinder and a main body and growing a plant inside the bag. It is to provide a plant growing seedlings characterized in that the filling.

In addition, the second aspect of the present invention is a nonwoven fabric of plant growing seedlings, the back side of which is black, the surface of which is white or silver, and the bag shape to suppress the amount of visible light reaching the root of the crop and promote the growth of the root. The object is formed so that the black side of the nonwoven fabric is on the inner surface side thereof to provide a plant growing seedling using a visible light transmittance of 30% or less.

The third aspect of the present invention is a thermoplastic resin nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 20 to 100 g / cm 2, a visible light reflectance of 60% or more, and a breathability of 0.5 to 200 sec / 100 cc / cm 2, wherein the nonwoven fabric transmits water vapor but the liquid permeates. It is a non-woven fabric, which has a non-woven fabric, and forms a bag-shaped object such as a cylinder and a columnar body with the non-woven fabric, and removes a part of the upper non-woven fabric of the plant-growing seedlings filled with a medium capable of growing plants. It is to provide a method for growing a plant, characterized in that to transplant the seedlings of the plant in the hole formed by removing it.

Since it is a growing seedling filled with a medium filled with a nonwoven bag-shaped object, it is easy to carry it and the inner surface of the nonwoven bag-shaped object is black so that the amount of visible light reaching the root of the crop is small.

[Non-woven]

The nonwoven fabric constituting the material of the bag-shaped object to be filled with the medium has a basis weight of 20 to 100 g / cm 2, a visible light reflectance of 60% or more, and a moisture-permeable 0.5 to 200 sec / 100 cc / cm 2, but water vapor passes through the thermoplastic resin nonwoven fabric. It is a nonwoven fabric which does not permeate liquid such as water and liquid ratio.

As said thermoplastic resin, polyethylene (especially high density polyethylene), polyester, polypropylene, nylon, etc., and copolymers thereof can be mentioned. These resins can be used alone or in combination. High density polyethylene is preferred in terms of price and white performance.

It is less than the basis weight of 20 to 100g / ㎠ 20g / m ² when the reduced reflectance at the same time the strength of the bag-shaped body is lacking exceeds 100g / m ² can not give an air-permeable and because the cost becomes high. Preferred basis weight is 30 to 60 g / m ² .

The reason why the reflectance of visible light (wavelengths 400 to 800 nm) is 60% or more is because it is difficult to keep the geothermal temperature below the nodge temperature at less than 60%. Preferred reflectance is 75 to 100%.

Breathability (air permeability according to JIS P8117's Garray method) of 0.5 to 200 seconds / 100 cc / cm 2 is less than 0.5 seconds / 100 cc / cm 2, the strength of the nonwoven fabric itself becomes difficult, and it is difficult to maintain high reflectivity. Liquids such as moisture and pesticides flow out of the bag-like object. If it exceeds 200 seconds / 100 cc / cm 2, the heat dissipation effect due to water evaporation is lowered. Preferred breathability is 5 to 50 seconds / 100 cc / cm 2.

Although the thickness of a nonwoven fabric is not specifically limited, It is as thin as possible to improve a reflectance as much as possible, and is generally about 0.1-10 micrometers, Preferably it is 5 micrometers or less. Although the thickness of a nonwoven fabric is not specifically limited, Considering workability etc., about 0.1-0.5 mm is suitable.

Such a nonwoven fabric is black with a visible light transmittance of 30% or less on its back surface, and has a white or silver surface, and a bag-shaped object is formed such that the black surface of the nonwoven fabric is on its inner surface side.

By making the surface white or silver, it improves the reflectance of visible light, increases the amount of light that reaches the leaves or stems of the crop being grown, and promotes the growth of the crop, thereby improving the yield. By making the inner surface black, light is absorbed in the black layer as much as possible, so that the amount of visible light reaching the medium is reduced, moss and algae are not generated between the medium and the inner surface of the nonwoven fabric, and the root development is promoted.

The nonwoven fabric whose surface is a white or silver reflective layer, and whose back surface is a black light absorption layer is manufactured by the method of the following (a)-(e), for example.

(a) The back surface of the white nonwoven fabric produced by flash spinning high density polyethylene is printed using black ink such as black gravure printing ink, offset printing ink and screen printing ink.

(b) Flash spinning method of thermoplastic resin containing 0.5 to 5 wt% of nonwoven fabric prepared by flash spinning method and thermoplastic resin containing 3 to 15 wt% of white pigment such as titanium oxide and barium sulfate and aluminum powder Joined using the nonwoven fabric manufactured according to.

(c) The back side of white or silver non-woven fabric is printed in black with black ink such as black gravure printing ink, offset printing ink and screen printing ink.

(d) Anchor coating is applied to the surface of the black nonwoven fabric and then aluminum is deposited.

(e) Apply a white paint or aluminum paint to the surface of the black nonwoven fabric and dry it.

[Sack-shaped object]

The bag-shaped object sews the nonwoven fabric into an angled or cylindrical bag-shaped object. The size of the bag-shaped object is different depending on the application, but in tunnel cultivation and house cultivation, the size of the bag is 30 to 55 cm long, 60 to 75 cm wide and 10 to 25 cm high.

In addition to the above-mentioned dimensions for home use, the use of the growing seedlings of the present invention inside the planter is used to measure the square and tubular objects according to the size of the planter receiving portion. For example, it is a cylindrical shape having a length of 8 to 20 cm, a width of 30 to 100 cm, a height of 5 to 15 cm, and a diameter of 10 to 30 cm and a length of 30 to 100 cm.

Hydroponic cultivation is a square shape of 15 to 30cm in length, 100 to 1000cm in width and 10 to 30cm in height.

[badge]

Examples of the medium include sintered soil, rock wool, peat moss, rice husk coal, water moss, sawdust, urethane foam, red octopus, oxoto and liquid fertilizer for hydroponic cultivation, and the like.

Fertilizers, insecticides and warming agents can be incorporated into the medium.

[Plant growth nursery]

A pipe 4 capable of supplying a hydroponic cultivation liquid 2 'by filling the medium 2 in the bag-like object 1 and sewing the opening of the bag-like object (FIG. 1) or from the opening of the bag-like object. ), The opening is closed, the gap of the pipe (4) is sealed (5), and the liquid fertilizer (2 ') is pumped into the bag-shaped object to form a plant-growing seedling (3'). (Figure 2).

The moisture evaporation effect can be stabilized by installing micropores 6 having an area of 0.2 to 20 mm ² at a density of 0.1 to 20 pieces / cm ^{2 on} the nonwoven fabric upper surface of the bag-like object of the plant growing seedling 3 ( 1).

In addition, another advantage of installing the micropores 6 is that the growing seedlings 3 installed therein can be sprayed and fertilized from above.

It is the area of the micropores of 0.2 to 20mm ² is easy to be clogged with the water film is less than 0.2mm ² due to dew when it exceeds 20mm ² to the weeds germinate as well as air permeability is too large attenuation effect of the temperature increase in the extrusion hole This is because there are many cases. Preferred micropore areas are 1 to 10 mm ² .

The density of the micropores in the range of 0.1 to 20 pcs / cm ² 0.1 pcs / cm ² less than the when hardly uniform evaporates effect more than 20 / cm ^2, the smaller the temperature increase effect is also difficult porous machining strength of the nonwoven fabric It is because also falls. Preferred densities are from 0.2 to 10 pieces / cm ² .

The shape of the micropores provided on the upper part of the bag-shaped object can be selected from any of circular, elliptical, square, rectangular, hexagonal and the like.

[Plant growth method]

FIG. 3 shows a state in which the plant growing seedlings shown in FIG. 1 are lined up in the house. The seedlings 7 grown in the seedling pots are provided with a round hole of 3 to 5 cm diameter or a square hole 8 of a 5 cm square in the nonwoven fabric of the growing seedling 3 and the seedlings are transplanted to the growing seedling.

In the case of growing crops that do not like excessive moisture, the hat-shape 10 has a diameter of 15 to 30 mm ψ on the bottom surface of the growing seedling, and a conical hat-shaped drain having a height of 20 to 50 mm in the conical part which drills the drain hole 9. The mechanism 11 (shown in FIG. 3) is fixed through a plurality of nonwoven fabrics.

In the case of hydroponic cultivation, as shown in FIG. 2, seedlings grown in the medium 12 such as urethane foam or sawdust in the hair growth port are grown in holes 8 perforated in the nonwoven fabric for each medium 12. (3) After inserting in, the liquid fertilizer 2 'is circulated in the bag-like object through the pipes 4 and 4'.

[Production Example of Nonwoven Fabric]

Preparation Example 1

A high-density polyethylene is produced by flash spinning, which has a reflectance of about 90%, a basis weight of about 40 g / m ^2, and a thickness of about 0.15 mm. Gravure printing was performed to obtain a white / black nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of about 41 g / m ² , an outer surface emissivity of about 90%, a breathability of about 15 seconds / 100 cc / cm 2, and a visible light transmittance of about 3%.

Production Example 2

5% by weight of carbon black on the back of a white nonwoven fabric (outer surface) having a basis weight of about 40 g / m ² , a reflectance of about 90%, and a thickness of 0.18 mm, prepared by flash spinning polypropylene containing 5% by weight of titanium oxide. The polypropylene containing polypropylene was prepared by flash spinning method, and the non-woven black nonwoven fabric (inner surface) with a thickness of about 20 g / m ² and a thickness of about 0.1 mm was bonded with an adhesive. The basis weight was about 62 g / m ² and the reflectance was about 90%. A white / black nonwoven fabric having about 8 seconds / 100 cc / cm 2, visible light transmittance of about 2% and a thickness of about 0.30 mm is obtained.

Example 1

The white / black nonwoven fabric obtained in Production Example 1 was sewn with an angled bag-shaped object having a length of 87 cm, a width of 25 cm, and a height of 10 cm (black on the inside), and then the medium was filled inside the bag-shaped object. In addition, the entrance of the bag-shaped object is sewn with an ultrasonic sewing machine to form a plant-growing seedling having a height of 70 cm, a width of 25 cm, and a height of 10 cm.

6 micrometers of 2 mm in diameter are drilled at intervals of 4 cm on the entire upper surface side of the plant-growing seedlings, and a total of 6 holes are formed in two rows at intervals of 30 cm of diameter 40 mm for seedling transplantation.

This is returned to the inside of the research house in Mikadoko Kabushiki Kaisha, Chibaken, Ichihara, and arranged in a row. Subsequently, seedlings of the dwarfed blackcurrant grown in the seedling pot (25 days of seedling period) are planted in 40 mm holes of the plant growing seedling on January 4, 1993. The irrigation is carried out by dripping irrigation once a week, in which the fertilizer is mixed and administered from the upper side of the growing seedling.

Harvesting commences on 25 February 1993. The average yield per week is 523.8g, the maximum yield per week is 645g, and the minimum yield per week is 460g.

In addition, there was no occurrence of pests, and there was no moss and algae in the medium of the nonwoven fabric.

Example 2

A cylindrical bag-shaped object 1000 cm long, 20 cm wide, and 5 cm high was sewn with the nonwoven fabric obtained in Production Example 2, and a pipe and a motor were attached and sealed to the inside of the house, and the liquid was periodically injected into the bag-shaped object. The seedlings are formed so that they can be supplied by Subsequently, two rows of 5 cm angle holes were drilled at intervals of 15 cm from the upper surface of the growing seedling nonwoven fabric, and the seedlings of the white seedlings grown at 3 to 5 cm height from the angled holes to the seedling pots were urethane foam (5 cm long). (5 cm wide, 5 cm high), which is full (January 6, 1993) and harvested on February 10, 1993.

The average yield per week was 126.3 g / week, with no diseased states found.

Comparative Example 1

In the house of Example 1, cultivate white cultivation, and then make a new toad and plant seedlings of magpies in the same time as in Example 1 and planting the same between the mains (same seedlings in the same time as Example 1). Watering and management Infestation occurs and 12% of the states die.

Harvest will begin on March 8th. The average yield per week is 462.5 g / week and the maximum yield per week is 514 g / week.

The plant-growing seedlings of the present invention are easy to carry and carry very few pests.

Claims (3)

A nonwoven fabric made of thermoplastic resin having a basis weight of 20 to 100 g / m ² and a reflectance of visible light of 60% or more and a breathability of 0.5 to 200 seconds / 100 cc / cm 2. The nonwoven fabric is a nonwoven fabric that transmits water vapor but does not transmit liquid. A plant-growing seedling, characterized by having a nonwoven fabric forming a bag-like object such as a tubular body and a prismatic body, and filled with a medium capable of growing a plant inside the bag-shaped object. The plant growth seedling according to claim 1, wherein the nonwoven fabric has a black back surface and a white or silver surface, and the bag-shaped object has a black surface of the nonwoven fabric on its inner surface side, and has a transmittance of visible light of 30% or less. A nonwoven fabric made of thermoplastic resin having a basis weight of 20 to 100 g / m ² and a reflectance of visible light of 60% or more and a breathability of 0.5 to 200 seconds / 100 cc / cm 2. The nonwoven fabric is a nonwoven fabric which transmits water vapor but does not transmit liquid. A hole formed by forming a bag-shaped object such as a cylinder and a columnar body with a nonwoven fabric, and removing a portion of the upper nonwoven fabric of the plant growing seedling filled with a medium capable of growing a plant inside the bag-shaped object. A method for growing a plant, characterized by transplanting seedlings of the plant into a plant.