KR0178103B1 - Plant-growing bed and plant-growing method - Google Patents

Abstract

Plant growth plate of the present invention includes a container for filling the culture soil for plant growth therein, the container has a weight of 20 ~ 100g / ㎡, 60% or more visible light reflectance, 10 ~ 200 seconds / 100cc breathability Formed in the shape of a bag or a tube by a water-impermeable resin sheet composed of woven or nonwoven sheets, it is possible to promote healthy growth of the entire root portion without oxygen deficiency of the cultured soil. In addition, the air permeability is excellent so that the humidity and temperature in the plant growth plate is not excessively increased. Furthermore, since the water is discharged to the culture soil and the water level is kept constant so that the water level is constant, the water supply work is easy, and even if the amount of water is increased, the root does not rot.

In the plant growth method of the present invention, when the plant growth plate having the above structure is disposed on the soil surface, the bottom surface and both sides or one side of the container are supported by a metal mechanism, so that Form disposition can be prevented, and when arranging the plant growth plate having the above structure on the soil surface, the soil surface is convexly stacked in a convex shape to form a furrow long, and the plant growth on the furrow Since the plate is disposed and the water contained in the container is sprayed in the downward direction of the inclined surfaces of the fields and both sides, the plate can be placed even in a place where it is difficult to flatten.

Description

Plant Growth Plate and Plant Growth Method

The present invention is a plant growth plate and plant growth method, more specifically carnations, meadow gentian, silk, radish (stock), baby's breath, cut flowers, such as goldfish flowers, and tomatoes, cucumbers, melons, green beans, green peppers, The present invention relates to a plant cultivation plate useful for growing crops such as blue peas, Japanese wild leeks, mustard vegetables, and celery, and excellent in automation and manpower reduction, and a method for growing plants using the same.

Background Art Conventionally, plant growth plates for filling culture soil in bags or tubes for growing and growing plants are known.

As a benefit of the plant growth plate that fills the culture soil in a bag or tube, the treatment such as steam disinfection and soil fumigation is much easier than conventional land cultivation and house cultivation to prevent plant diseases, and it is also used during fumigation. The amount of agent to be reduced may be reduced.

In addition, another advantage of using the plant growth plate is the high degree of ease of implementation by automation and manpower reduction desired in today's agriculture. For high utilization, it is required to change the types of crops to be grown over time and to adjust the pH, fertilizer, water content, etc. of the soil according to the crops to be grown. In normal land cultivation, depending on the type of crop, it is necessary to greatly change the soil conditions immediately after planting. However, the plant growth plate filling the culture soil in the bag or tube can easily convert the culture soil according to the conversion of the crops to be grown, and is suitable for high utilization by automation and manpower reduction.

As a plant growth plate having the above-described advantages, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-215322 discloses an example in which a plant growth plate is manufactured using a resin film impermeable to liquid and air. However, when the air permeability of the resin film is poor, the humidity and temperature in the plant growth plate rise, which leads to a deficiency in oxygen in the culture soil, which adversely affects plant growth. In addition, since there is no drainage path in the plant growth plate, there is a problem that the root is rotted when excess water is supplied. To solve this problem, it is required to give a regular amount of water, but this is cumbersome.

For this reason, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-20224 discloses a plant growth plate provided with a drain hole on the bottom surface of the plant growth plate. However, since water is not retained in the plant growth plate, there is a problem that water must be frequently given.

In order to hold water in the bottom part of a plant growth board, the technique which provided the drain opening in the side of a bag is disclosed by Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 8-4013. The bag described in this publication has different materials of upper and lower parts, the upper part is made of a porous resin film or net, and the lower part is made of water-impermeable resin.

However, since the porous resin film or net is used on the upper side, the air permeability is good, but there is a problem that it is susceptible to temperature influences outside the culture soil, and that pests and pathogens easily enter. In addition, since the water-impermeable resin sheet is used in the lower portion, there is a problem in that the air permeability is poor, and the humidity and temperature in the plant growth plate are increased to adversely affect the growth of the plant.

Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the present invention promotes healthy growth of the whole root without oxygen deficiency in the culture soil, simplifies the watering operation, and does not cause the root to rot even when the water supply is increased. It is an object of the present invention to provide a plant growth plate and a plant growth method that are excellent and do not excessively increase the humidity and temperature in the plant growth plate and maintain a good growth environment of the plant.

1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG.

3 is a perspective view showing a production example of the plant growth plate.

Figure 4 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the plant growth method.

5 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing an example of a metal appliance.

6 is a sectional view of a main part showing another example of a metal appliance.

7 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the plant growth plate.

8 is a perspective view of a device for defining water-penetrability.

9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part of FIG.

10 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the method for growing plants.

11 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the method for growing plants.

12 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: plant growth plate 2: container

2A: Resin Sheet 3: Cultured Soil

5: plant 6: water holding part

7A: small hole 22: gutter

The action of the present invention promotes healthy growth of the entire root without oxygen deficiency in cultured soil, simplifies watering, and increases the water supply so that no root rot occurs, and it is excellent in breathability, and in plant growth plates. The present invention provides a plant growth plate and a plant growth method that do not excessively increase humidity and temperature and maintain a good growth environment of plants.

Novel features that can be considered as features of the invention are covered by the appended claims. However, the above and further objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of the present invention and examples of the present invention.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiment of this invention is described based on drawing.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG.

In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the code | symbol (1) is a plant growth board, The culture | cultivation soil 3 for plant growth is filled in the tubular container 2. As shown in FIG. The sign 4 is a gap for the plant to grow, and the plant 5 grows through the gap 4. Reference numeral 6 denotes a water holding unit provided to realize a configuration in which the level of water supplied in the culture soil 3 is kept constant.

In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the excess water supplied to the culture soil 3 is discharged from several small holes 7A arranged side by side on the container 2 side.

In the case of small holes, the shape may be round, angular, linear, or the like. As for the size of 7 A of small holes, the diameter of 0.5-10 mm is preferable when it is a round hole. The small holes 7A are installed side by side in a straight line at a constant height position from the bottom surface of the container 2 along the side of the container 2, preferably in a straight line at a height position of 5 to 30 mm. According to the position of 7 A of small holes, the height of the water holding part 6 can be prescribed | regulated in the range of 5-30 mm.

The horizontal spacing of the small holes 7A can be set appropriately, but if too narrow, water penetrates too quickly, making it difficult to supply water uniformly in the plant growth plate 1, and if it is too wide, the plant growth plate ( 1) Since the humidity inside becomes excessively high, the interval of about 50-100 cm is suitable normally.

The present invention maintains the water necessary for the growth of the plant in the water holding portion 6 while discharging excess water so that the amount of water in the water holding portion 6 does not become a large amount, thereby increasing the height of the water holding portion 6, namely, water. The moisture content of the holding part 6 is defined.

The water holding part 6 can always supply water to the roots of the plant 5 and by defining the height of the water holding part, the stagnant water in the container 2 can be transferred to the shallow water holding part 6 of the bottom. It can be limited so that no root rot occurs.

The depth (height) of the water holding part 6 is preferably 5 to 30 mm, and if it is within this range, water is sufficiently retained in the container 2 so that water can always be supplied to the root of the plant. In addition, the surface of the water retention portion and the bottom of the plant root is preferably a gap of about 10 ~ 100mm, water can reach the root by the capillary action of the culture soil soil.

In the present invention, the water holding part 6 may be equipped with a watering tube for replenishing water, and may be replenished by sprinkling water from the outside.

As the water-impermeable resin sheet constituting the container 2 of the present invention, a woven or nonwoven sheet having a weight of 20 to 100 g / m 2, a visible light reflectance of 60% or more, and a breathability of 10 to 200 seconds / 100 cc is used. do.

If the weight is less than 20 g / m 2, the strength as the sheet for plant growth, in particular, the strength when used as a tubular filling the culture soil therein as in this embodiment cannot be maintained, and the decrease in reflectance cannot be prevented. If the weight is 100 g / m 2 or more, air permeability cannot be imparted and the cost is high. The weight is particularly preferably in the range of 30 to 60 g / m 2.

In addition, if the reflectance of visible light (wavelength 400 ~ 800mm) is less than 60%, it is not preferable because the temperature in the cultured soil cannot be kept 5-7 ° C lower than the temperature outside the cultured soil. Preferred reflectance is 75 to 100%. Reflectance can be measured with a Hitachi spectrophotometer type U-3210 (integrated sphere).

Furthermore, if the breathability (the airflow by the Gale method of JIS P8117) is less than 10 seconds / 100 cc, it is not preferable because pests and pathogens are easily invaded, the sheet itself cannot be maintained, and the high reflectance cannot be maintained. Can not do it. In addition, if it is 200 seconds / 100 cc or more, since the heat radiating effect by moisture evaporation cannot be expected, it is not preferable.

Plant-cultivated soil used in the present invention, which has absorbed manure to peat-moss, rice bran, rice husk, bark such as leafy soil, cypress, cedar, sawdust, charcoal flour, and conception (水) It is preferable to mix one or several raw materials of vegetable culture soil such as iii) and to mix one or more mineral culture soil raw materials such as pebbles, sand, vermiculite, red soil, and loxoto as necessary. .

In addition, in order to prevent excessive rise in temperature of the cultured soil, it is preferable to use a cultured soil containing suitable moisture and to use a cultured soil having pores. Clay minerals, pumice, volcanic ash, etc. can be mixed in the cultured soil to give voids to the cultured soil.

As a raw material of the cultured soil, shellfish, crustacean shells, bones, fish shells, etc. may be added using geographic features. In addition, fertilizers, insecticides, warmers and the like may be added to the culture soil. In particular, it is preferable to mix a slow-fertilizing fertilizer and a solid-fat maintaining fertilizer.

The soil used as the culture soil is preferably subjected to fumigation treatment in order to prevent disease of crops before filling. In the present invention, since the soil required for the culture soil is disinfected and fumigated without the need to treat the whole soil as in conventional land cultivation and house cultivation, manpower and cost are small, and disinfection and fumigation is easy. . In addition, the use of pesticides is small. In addition, it is also preferable to heat sterilize the culture soil. In heating acid bacteria, solar heat is preferable because it can be sterilized without using fossil energy (for example, coal, petroleum, natural gas, etc.).

The cultured soil blended as described above is a mixed soil having excellent water retention, water absorption, water permeability, fertilizer retention, breathability and / or stability against diseases, and is effective culture soil for plant growth, and only fills the culture soil in the container. Plant cultivation is also possible.

In order to form the above-described plant growth plate, as shown in FIG. 3, the water-impermeable resin sheet 2A is widely spread, the culture soil 3 is stacked in the center, and the culture soil 3 is surrounded from both sides. Both edges of the resin sheet 2A or the vicinity thereof are joined (connected) in the upper center of the culture soil 3. Fold horizontally at the same time or before and after. As a joining method of both edges, any method, such as adhesion | attachment, welding, sealing, fixing using staples, and using a wire, may be sufficient. In this way, the plant growth plate 1 shown in FIG. 1 can be manufactured.

As the water-impermeable resin sheet 2A of the present invention, as described above, it has a weight of 20 to 100 g / m 2, a visible light reflectance of 60% or more, and a breathability of 10 to 200 seconds / 100 cc, but passes water vapor and liquid It is preferable that the water-impermeable woven or nonwoven sheet does not pass liquid such as fertilizer. As resin used as a resin sheet, polyethylene (especially high density polyethylene), polypropylene, polyester, a polyamide, these copolymers, etc. are mentioned. These resins may be used alone or in combination. High density polyethylene resin sheets are preferred in terms of strength, durability and cost.

As the resin sheet, a woven or nonwoven sheet having a white or silver surface and colored with a light absorbing color is preferably used in order to adjust the temperature of the ground and protect it from high temperatures during summer. As a color which has light absorption, black, blue, red, etc. are preferable, but black with light shielding property is preferable.

As shown in FIG. 3, when the culture soil 3 is wrapped with the resin sheet 2A, the inner surface side (the upper surface side of the sheet 2A in the drawing) in contact with the culture soil 3 is used as the colored surface of the sheet. It is preferable to make the outer surface side (upper side of sheet 2A in drawing) into the colored surface of a sheet, and arrange | position so that an outer surface side (rear side of sheet 2A in drawing) may become white or silver. At this time, it is more preferable to use a woven or nonwoven fabric sheet having a transmittance of visible light of 10% or less.

When the outer surface side of the sheet is made white or silver, it is scattered light but reflects visible light, thereby keeping the temperature in the crop re-distribution low. In other words, it is prevented from becoming high enough to inhibit the growth of the root portion of the crop. In addition, if the outer surface side of the sheet is white or silver, the reflectance of ultraviolet rays is high, and the winged wheels, thrips, etc. are less likely to fly, and the occurrence of viral diseases and the like are minimized.

On the other hand, by making the inner surface of the sheet a light-absorbing color, light is absorbed into the layer (face) of the light-absorbing color, that is, the colored surface as much as possible, blocking the curved line to the culture soil, and the inner surface of the culture soil and the sheet. The growth of roots can be promoted while moss or algae and weeds do not occur between the families.

As mentioned above, the following method is mentioned as a method of manufacturing the nonwoven fabric sheet which has a colored surface and a white or silver surface:

(a) The engraving surface of the white nonwoven fabric prepared by flash spinning high density polyethylene is printed on the whole surface using black ink such as black gravure printing ink, offset printing ink and screen printing ink.

(b) Non-woven fabric prepared by flash spinning a white pigment such as titanium oxide or barium sulfate and 3 to 15% by weight of aluminum powder, and a high density polyethylene containing 0.5 to 5% by weight of carbon black to the flash spinning method. The nonwoven fabric manufactured by the above is pasted together using an adhesive and joined.

(c) The back side of the white or silver nonwoven fabric is entirely printed using black ink such as black gravure printing ink, offset printing ink, screen printing, and the like.

(d) The backside of the black nonwoven fabric is coated with an anchor coat agent and then aluminum is deposited.

(e) A white paint or aluminum paint is applied to the back side of the black nonwoven fabric and dried.

Next, in order to form the small hole 7A in the container 2, as shown in FIG. 4, the concave metal mechanism 30 is fitted to the container 2, and the hole drilled in the metal mechanism 30 is shown. A plurality of small holes 7A are drilled in the container 2 so as to have a predetermined height and spacing in the container 31 using the sharp member 32.

The small holes 7A may be formed by only the sharp member 32 without using the metal mechanism 30, but it is preferable to use the metal mechanism 30 to exactly match the height.

The small holes 7A may be opened during or immediately after the formation of the container 2, but may be opened after planting and growing, for example, in accordance with the use condition of the plant growth plate 1 of the present invention.

In addition, the metal mechanism 30 is particularly effective in order to prevent the shape collapse of the plant growth plate of the present invention and to keep the several small holes 7A at a constant height at all times. That is, by using the metal mechanism 30 which can press the bottom surface of a container and both sides of a container, form collapse can be prevented and the height position of 7 A of small holes can be kept constant. In the example shown, the sharp member 32 is good as it is being fitted, and it is also good to be taken out. In order to prevent the outflow of cultured soil, it is preferable to be fitted, and in this case, a channel can be appropriately provided in the sharp member 32. The metal mechanisms 30 may be provided in plural at predetermined intervals in the horizontal direction of the container 92.

As a metal mechanism, as shown in FIG. 5, the thing of the form which has the processus | protrusion 33 in the L-shaped side can be used. The protrusions 33 may be provided in plural in the vertical direction of the drawing. In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, a hole 31 is formed in the L-shaped side, and a double-sided tape 34 is attached to the side in contact with the container 2.

Next, another embodiment of the plant growth plate of the present invention is shown in FIG. In the example shown in FIG. 7, instead of the small hole described above, a sheet of slit-shaped opening 7B is drilled in the side of the container 2, and the opening 7B penetrates water but does not penetrate the root of the plant. It is sealed by (2B) and the excess water is discharged | emitted from the site | part of the said sheet | seat 2B.

By using the sheet 2B, it is possible to prevent the root of the plant from extending out of the container. The reason why the plant roots do not extend to the outside is to prevent the invasion of pathogens from the ground without disinfection or fumigation through the roots that extend outside. In addition, when the plants are spread out to the outside of the growing board, the roots and the growing board must be cut at the time of finishing cleanup after the growing, so that the plant roots extend out of the container to facilitate the finishing cleanup. You need not to go.

As the sheet 2B, a woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric or a felt of a water-permeable thermoreversible resin fiber product can be mainly used. Examples of the thermoreversible resin include polyethylene (particularly, high density polyethylene), polypropylene, polyester, polyamide, and copolymers thereof. These resins may be used alone or in combination. Polyester is preferable in terms of strength and durability. In addition, natural fibers may be used as the sheet 2B.

In the sheet 2B, the water permeability of the sheet is defined as the rate at which water penetrates through the center of the sheet having a certain area and thickness, measured by the apparatus shown in FIGS.

That is, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the sample sheet 60 is attached and fixed to the lower end of the glass tube 50 having an inner diameter of 20 mm using the adhesive 51. Water is put in the vertically formed glass tube 50 so that the height 52 of the water column is 100 cm or more, and discharged into the water tank 53 through the sample sheet 60 at the bottom. Thus, when the height 52 of the water column passes the 100 cm mark, the water penetration rate is measured.

As the sheet, a sheet having water permeability within 60 minutes, preferably within 30 minutes, and particularly preferably within 10 minutes, until the water column height 52 measured by the above method reaches 90 cm is selected. Can be used.

In addition, the sheet 2B has root permeability protection, but preferably, one having no large gap between the fibers is used to prevent the passage of the roots. Many overlaps can be used.

Root penetration prevention property is not directly related to water permeability, but generally, in the above measuring method, one having a water penetration rate of 1.5 seconds or more, preferably 3 seconds or more, until the height of the water column becomes 10 cm is used.

The weight of the sheet obtained as described above is preferably 60 to 200 g / m 2 in view of preventing the decrease in strength and reflectance.

In the present invention, the sheet 2B covering the opening 7B may be provided inside the container 2 as shown, or may be provided outside the container 2.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, a small hole may be formed, and the small hole may be provided with a sheet that is water-permeable and prevents root penetration.

Hereinafter, the plant growth method of the present invention will be described. In an embodiment of the plant growth method of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, when placed on the soil surface 20, the bottom surface of the container 2 and both sides or one side of the container 2 are not pressed. It can be positioned while supporting by the metal mechanism 30 which can be made. Thus, positioning while supporting by the metal mechanism 30 can prevent form collapse of the container 2, and is preferable.

Next, another Example of the plant growth method of this invention is described based on FIG.

In Fig. 10, reference numeral 20 denotes a soil surface, and 21 denotes a long field formed by stacking soil high in a convex cross-sectional shape. Thus, when the stone growth plate 1 is placed on the ridge 21, the water retained in the container 2 is separated in the downward direction of each inclined surface on both sides of the ridge 21, and the water holding portions 6a and 6b) is formed. The form as shown in FIG. 10 has the advantage that the air permeability around the root portion of the plant 5 is good because the water holding part can be dispersed and the thickness of the culture soil 3 can be made thin. That is, the root portion of the plant 5 is less likely to be affected by humidity, and the environment of the root portion can be maintained well.

In addition, the embodiment as shown in FIG. 10 can determine the position of the container 2 in the case where it is located in a place where it is difficult to flatten, such as a ridge in a house etc. by dividing the water holding part into two.

Plant growth plate of the present invention can be used in addition to the ridge 21, the soil surface with an inclined soil surface or irregularities.

In FIG. 10, an example is shown in which excess water in the container 2 is discharged through the small holes 7A, but instead of the small holes 7A, slit-shaped openings are drilled on both sides of the container, Sealed with a sheet that passes but does not pass through the root, and excess water may be discharged through the sheet that seals the opening. In addition, in order to seal the small hole 7A, the sheet may be pasted together.

10 shows an example in which the water holding material 8 is provided in the lower direction inside the container 2. The water retaining material 8 deposits one end thereof in the water of the water retaining portion 6, and the other end extends into the upper culture soil 3 of the retained water.

If the water holding material 8 is provided as shown, the water holding action of the water holding portions 6a and 6b can be assisted. The provision of the water holding material 8 is effective especially when the water holding material 8 is placed in a place that is difficult to flatten, as shown in FIG. 10, and the plant can receive the necessary moisture through the water holding material. As the water-retaining material 8, a flexible urethane foam, a rigid urethane foam, a rigid urethane foam, a foam of a phenol resin product, a foam of a urea product, a hay, or the like is preferably used in the form of a sheet.

Further, in the plant growth method of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 11, a water-impermeable gutter for receiving water discharged as excess water in the outer downward direction of the container 2 of the plant growth plate 1 is also included. (22) can be installed. By providing the gutter 22, the water discharged as excess water can be conveyed back to the plant growth plate 1, and water can be effectively used. In addition, since the water discharged as excess water is water that has passed through the culture soil 3, it contains sufficient nutrients necessary for the growth of plants. Therefore, it is preferable that this water is returned to the plant growth board 1 again. Instead of the gutter 22, a water-impermeable dish may be installed.

The above embodiment is an example in which the container is formed into a cylindrical shape, but in the present invention, the container may have a bag shape as shown in FIG. In FIG. 12, the same code | symbol as FIG. 1 has the same structure, and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

The present invention can be generally used as a redistribution of plants planted in the open field, and enables the automation and manpower saving of the open field cultivation. In addition, it can be used as a facility such as a glass room, a plastic house, and of course, it can be used to cultivate and produce crops on a certain weight of land, which is usually packed with a salt agglomeration site or gravel, concrete, asphalt, etc.

In addition, water can be effectively used as compared with a conventional cultivation with a lot of evaporation from the soil surface, and can also be used for plant growth in dry and desert lands. Moreover, it can be effectively used for mountainous land and the like with many slopes.

Claims (11)

It includes a container for filling the culture soil for plant growth therein, the container is water-impermeable, made of a woven or nonwoven fabric having a weight of 20 ~ 100g / ㎡, 60% visible light reflectance, 10 ~ 200 seconds / 100cc breathable It is formed in a bag or tube shape by the resin sheet, the plant growth plate having a configuration that holds the water to a certain level by discharging the excess water supplied to the culture soil. The plant growth plate according to claim 1, wherein the outer surface of the container is white or silver and the inner surface is colored with a light absorbing color. The plant growth plate according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a plurality of small holes are formed side by side on the side of the container, and the excess water is discharged through the small holes. The slit-shaped opening is formed in the side surface of the said container, The said opening is sealed with the sheet which passes through water but the root of a plant does not pass, and the said opening is sealed from the said sheet | seat. Plant growth plate, characterized in that for discharging excess water. It includes a container for filling the culture soil for plant growth therein, the container is water-impermeable, made of a woven or nonwoven fabric having a weight of 20 ~ 100g / ㎡, 60% visible light reflectance, 10 ~ 200 seconds / 100cc breathable Formed by the resin sheet in the shape of a bag or tubular, forming a plurality of small holes in the side of the container side by side, and discharges the excess water from the water supplied to the culture soil through the small holes to hold the water to a certain level When positioning the plant growth plate having a soil surface, the plant growth method characterized in that it is arranged to be supported by a metal mechanism capable of pressing both sides or one side of the bottom surface of the container. 6. The method for growing plants according to claim 5, wherein the metal mechanism is a concave metal mechanism capable of pressing and supporting the bottom surface of the container and both sides of the container. It includes a container for filling the plant growing container culture soil therein, the container is water-impermeable, made of a woven or nonwoven fabric having a weight of 20 ~ 100g / ㎡, 60% visible light reflectance, 10 ~ 200 seconds / 100cc breathable Convex cross section of the soil surface when the plant growth plate is formed on the soil surface and formed in a bag or tube shape by the resin sheet and has a structure in which the excess water supplied to the culture soil is discharged to hold water at a predetermined level. Forming a furrow long by stacking soil high in shape, and arranging the plant growth plate on the furrow, and separating the water contained in the container in the downward direction of each inclined surface of the furrow and both sides. 8. The method for growing plants according to claim 7, wherein a plurality of small holes are formed side by side on the side of the container, and the excess water is discharged through the small holes. The method of claim 7, wherein a slit-shaped opening is formed on the side of the container, and the opening is sealed with a sheet through which water passes but not the root of the plant, thereby draining the excess water from the sheet sealing the opening. Plant growth method characterized in that. 8. The method for growing plants according to claim 7, wherein one end of the water holding material is immersed in the retained water, and the other end is extended to the culture soil on top of the retained water. 8. The method of growing a plant according to claim 7, wherein a water-impermeable gutter or a dish for receiving water discharged as excess water is provided in an outer downward direction of the container.