JPH09324179A - Carbonizing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To dissolve problems such as heat efficiency, safety, workability in feeding and discharging of a raw material and product in an apparatus for carbonizing old tire, waste vinyl, wood refuse, etc. SOLUTION: This carbonizing apparatus has a double structure comprising a vertical outer furnace body 1 made of a fire-resistant heat insulating material and vertical inner furnace body 2 arranged therein and space between the upper end of the outer furnace body 1 and upper part of the inner furnace body 2 and space between the lower end of the outer furnace body 1 and the lower end of the inner furnace body 2 are each closed and the carbonizing apparatus has a raw material-charging inlet with an opening and closing structure at the upper end of the inner furnace body and a discharge outlet with an opening and closing structure at the lower end. The upper end of the inner furnace body is protruded from the upper end of the outer furnace body and plural discharge gas ports 13 are provided at an interval in the circumferential direction in the protruded part and gas discharged from each discharge gas port 13 is led to a cooling part.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device for carbonizing old tires, waste vinyl, wood chips, etc., especially soil improvers, deodorants for sludge fertilizers, turf growth on golf courses and prevention of pesticide outflow, contact filter media for septic tanks. The present invention relates to a carbonization device for producing a carbide that can be used as

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A dry gasification method and apparatus for waste, which is introduced in Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-46367, and a boiler for burning waste tires, which is introduced in Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-79608, are known. There is. In addition, a carbonization device that heats and carbonizes waste tires is also known.

All of these apparatuses use a furnace, but due to structural problems, they are inefficient in heat efficiency and may impair safety, which is dangerous. In addition, there is a need for improvement in terms of inputting raw materials and taking out products.

A technical object of the present invention is to solve problems such as thermal efficiency, safety, workability in supplying / discharging raw materials and products, in an apparatus for carbonizing raw materials such as old tires.

The technical problem of the present invention is solved by the following means. The carbonization apparatus according to claim 1 has a double structure composed of a vertical outer furnace body made of a fireproof heat insulating material and a vertical inner furnace body arranged therein, and the upper end of the outer furnace body. And an upper part of the inner furnace body, and a lower end of the outer furnace body and a lower end of the inner furnace body are closed. The inner furnace body has a raw material inlet having an opening / closing structure at the upper end and an outlet having an opening / closing structure at the lower end.

Thus, the upper end of the outer furnace body and the upper part of the inner furnace body, and the lower end of the outer furnace body and the lower end of the inner furnace body are closed, and the upper end of the inner furnace body is closed. It has a raw material input port,
Since it has an exhaust port at the lower end, even if the flammable gas generated during carbonization leaks, it is highly likely that it will leak outside the outer furnace body, and it will explode in contact with the combustion gas in the outer furnace body. There is little danger. Further, since the raw material can be charged through the opening at the upper end and the carbide can be discharged through the opening at the lower end, it is possible to easily charge and discharge by utilizing the weight, and the workability is improved.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the upper end of the inner furnace body according to the first aspect is projected from the upper end of the outer furnace body, and a plurality of exhaust gas ports are provided at the projecting portions at circumferential intervals. The carbonization device has a structure in which the gas discharged from each exhaust gas port is guided to the cooling unit.

As described above, since the upper end of the inner furnace body is projected from the upper end of the outer furnace body and a plurality of exhaust gas ports are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction at the projecting portion, a large number of exhaust gas ports are provided. The gas pressure in the inner furnace body can be prevented from rising abnormally, and safety management can be facilitated. Further, by providing a large number of exhaust gas ports in the circumferential direction, the height H of the protruding portion can be made lower, so that the area of the inner furnace body in contact with the outside air can be reduced, heat dissipation can be suppressed, and thermal efficiency can be improved.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, an overhead traveling crane is arranged above the inner furnace body according to the first or second aspect, and a raw material holding means for holding a raw material is provided from a raw material inlet at an upper end of the inner furnace body. The carbonization device has a structure capable of descending into the inner furnace body.

As described above, since the raw material holding means is structured to descend from the raw material inlet at the upper end of the inner furnace body into the inner furnace body and convey the raw material to the bottom side of the inner furnace body, the raw material is dropped. It is possible to prevent the inner furnace body from being damaged and the lower lid from being impacted.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the lower portion of the inner furnace body inside the outer furnace body according to any one of the first, second and third aspects is formed in a funnel shape so as to form an inner furnace wall and an outer furnace wall. This is a carbonization device in which a combustion burner is arranged such that a space between them is enlarged and a combustion flame is directed in a tangential direction of the funnel-shaped portion in a combustion chamber outside the funnel-shaped portion.

In this way, the lower part of the inner furnace body is formed in a funnel shape, and the space between the outer furnace body and the combustion chamber is made larger than that of the upper part. Since the residence time is extended, the heating efficiency is improved and the carbonization proceeds more reliably.

Further, the crater of the burner is directed tangentially to the funnel-shaped portion, and the flame generated from the burner blows out tangentially to the funnel-shaped portion, so that the flame directly hits the funnel-shaped portion and damages the inner furnace body. Since the combustion gas rotates in the combustion chamber having a large volume outside the funnel-shaped portion, the residence time of the combustion gas in the lower side of the inner furnace body becomes longer, and the carbonization process is performed smoothly. .

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Next, an embodiment will be described of how the carbonization apparatus according to the present invention is practically embodied. FIG.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a carbonization system using a carbonization device according to the present invention.

In the carbonization apparatus of the present invention, a cylindrical vertical inner furnace body 2 is arranged in a cylindrical vertical outer furnace body 1, and a cylindrical space 3 between them is burned. It's a room.

In order to disconnect the combustion chamber 3 from the inside of the inner furnace body 2, the upper end of the outer furnace body 1 and the upper part of the inner furnace body 2 are closed. That is, a ring-shaped ceiling portion 4 closes between the upper outer periphery of the inner furnace body 2 and the upper end of the outer furnace body 1. Also,
A floor 5 closes a space between the lower end of the outer furnace body 1 and the lower outer periphery of the inner furnace body 2.

The outer furnace body 1, the ceiling portion 4 and the floor portion 5 are made of a refractory heat insulating material such as refractory bricks in order to prevent the heat from being dissipated to the outside and being lost, so that heating can be performed efficiently. I am trying to promote it. The inner furnace body 2 and its upper lid 6 and lower lid 7 are made of a steel plate having a heat insulating structure.

Inside the outer furnace body 1, the lower portion 2a of the inner furnace body 2 is formed in a funnel shape, and the inner diameter becomes smaller toward the lower side. Then, burners 8o and 8g are arranged outside the funnel-shaped portion 2a, and with the combustion flame 9 thereof,
The funnel-shaped portion 2a is heated from the outside, the combustion gas rises in the combustion chamber 3, and the chimney 10 connected to the upper end of the outer furnace body 1
Emitted from.

Next, the carbonization processing operation in this carbonization system will be described with reference to the flow chart of FIG. FIG.
In the state in which the lower lid 7 of the inner furnace body 2 is closed and the upper lid 6 is opened, the waste tire 12a is gripped by the gripper 11 of the overhead traveling crane and loaded into the inner furnace body 2, and then the upper lid 6 is closed. The material loading step indicated by a in the flowchart is completed.

Next, in step b, the oil burner 8g is ignited to heat the inner furnace body 2 with the combustion gas in the combustion chamber 3,
Old tires 12 inside with the inside of the inner furnace body 2 isolated from the outside air
By heating b, in step c, the old tire 12
Carbonization of b begins. After that, the dry-distilled gas generated from the old tire 12b is exhausted from the exhaust gas pipe 1 connected to the upper end of the inner furnace body 2.
3 through the pre-cooling device 14 to the primary cooling device 16 and the secondary cooling device 17 in the cooling water tank 15, the dry gas is cooled in step d, and the oil or the like is separated and generated in step e. .

That is, when the raw material is an old tire as shown in the illustrated example, combustion gas and oil are generated in the primary cooling device 16 and the secondary cooling device 17, and the combustion gas is mainly generated from the secondary cooling device 17, The first gas with low flammability is the chimney 1
The gas with good flammability after being discharged from 8 is pipe 19
Sent to 8g of gas burner and used as fuel for auxiliary burner in carbonization furnace.

Primary cooling device 16 and secondary cooling device 17
The combustible oil generated in 1 is collected in the oil receiving tank 20, filtered by the oil strainer 21, supplied to the fuel tank 22 of the carbonization furnace as in step f, and reused as fuel for the oil burner 8o.

In this way, by heating the old tire 12b in a carbonization furnace in a state where the air is shut off for about 6 hours or more, the old tire 12b is entirely carbonized in the step g. When the carbide is cooled by being left for about overnight, the lower lid 7 of the inner furnace body 2 is opened and the carbide is taken out.

This charcoal is used as a deodorant or as a soil conditioner by being mixed with sludge fertilizer.
In addition, it can be used as turf growth at golf courses, prevention of pesticide outflow, and contact filter media for septic tanks.

The wire mixed with the carbide is
It is sorted and taken out and reused as scrap.

On the other hand, when the raw material is wood such as wood chips, flammable gas is not generated, but wood vinegar is produced in addition to the above-mentioned carbides. This wood vinegar is used for the primary cooling device 1
6 and the secondary cooling device 17 are generated, collected and carried out,
Reused as deodorant, pesticide additive, soil conditioner, etc.

FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing details of the carbonization apparatus in FIG. 1, in which a ceiling portion 4 closes between the upper end of the outer furnace body 1 and the upper portion of the inner furnace body 2, and the outer furnace body 1 is also provided. A floor 7 closes the lower end of the inner furnace body 2 and the lower part of the inner furnace body 2.

The upper end of the inner furnace body 2 protrudes from the outer furnace body 1 by a height H, the entire upper end of the protruding portion 2b is open, and the upper lid 6 for opening and closing the opening is hinge means 24. It is supported so that it can be opened and closed via. The upper lid 6 has a disc shape, and has a flange portion formed on the outer periphery thereof and the inner furnace body 2
The structure is such that it can be hermetically sealed by tightening bolts and nuts with the flange formed on the upper end of the.

Further, the lower end of the inner furnace body 2 is opened so that the carbide can be taken out, and a lower lid 7 for opening and closing the discharge port is supported so as to be openable and closable. Similarly to the upper lid 6, the lower lid 7 may be pivotally supported by hinge means, but in the illustrated example, it is provided at a position sufficiently distant from the lower end of the inner furnace body 2 so that the lower lid 7 can be completely retracted. It is supported by a shaft 25.

Therefore, the lower lid 7 is provided with the shaft 2 at a remote position.
Since it rotates around 5 and retreats from the discharge port at the lower end of the inner furnace body 2, the carbide carry-out device can be moved to the lower end of the inner furnace body 2, and the carbide can be taken out without spilling.

The lower lid 7 is also disk-shaped, and the flange portion formed on the outer periphery thereof and the flange portion formed at the lower end of the inner furnace body 2 are fastened with bolts and nuts, and carbonized. The structure is such that it can be sealed during processing.

The outer furnace body 1 has a cylindrical shape having the same diameter from the upper end to the lower end and is made of a fireproof heat insulating material such as fireproof brick. Further, the ceiling portion 4 and the floor portion 7 are also made of a fireproof heat insulating material.

On the other hand, the lower part 2a of the inner furnace body 2 is formed in a funnel shape. Therefore, in the space 3 between the inner furnace wall and the outer furnace wall, the outer portion 3a of the funnel-shaped portion 2a becomes large, and the burner 8o, 8g of the outer furnace body 1 on the outer side of the large-volume combustion chamber 3a. The crater 8n is arranged toward the space 3a.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
The four burner craters 8n are arranged at intervals of 90 degrees in the circumferential direction. Oil burner 8o for 3 of them
And the auxiliary gas burner 8g is connected to the remaining one.

The burners 8o and 8g are arranged so that the crater 8n thereof faces the tangential direction of the funnel-shaped portion 2a, and as a result, the combustion flame 9 is annular in the ring-shaped combustion chamber 3a. And the combustion gas stays longer.

At this time, the combustion chamber 3 outside the funnel-shaped portion 2a
Since the volume of a is sufficiently larger than that of the combustion chamber 3 on the upper side thereof, the combustion gas stays in the combustion chamber 3a and heats the inner furnace body 2 from the lower side, and then rises to move the inner furnace body 2 up. Heat from the outside. As a result, the raw material in the inner furnace body 2 is more efficiently and sufficiently and surely heated, and carbonization proceeds.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 3, showing a portion 2b of the inner furnace body 2 protruding from the outer furnace body 1.
Further, a plurality of exhaust gas ports 13 are provided in the radial direction at intervals of, for example, 45 degrees in the circumferential direction. Each of the exhaust gas ports 13 ... Is connected to the precooling device 14 of FIG.
Each exhaust gas port 13 ... May be directly connected to the precooling device 14, but may be integrated into a thick pipe on the way to the precooling device 14.

The height H of the portion 2b protruding from the outer furnace body 1 on the upper side of the inner furnace body 2 is preferably small in consideration of thermal efficiency, but as described above, the exhaust gas port 13 is arranged in the circumferential direction. By disposing and arranging a large number of exhaust gas ports 13 in a dispersed manner, each exhaust gas port 13 can have a small diameter, and as a result, the height H can be reduced and heat dissipation can be suppressed.

As another effect, if a safety valve mechanism is provided in a part of the plurality of exhaust gas ports 13, an explosion may occur if the gas pressure in the inner furnace body 2 rises abnormally. It can be prevented. In addition, even if a leak occurs from the inner furnace body 2, since the upper and lower ends where leakage is likely to occur are exposed to the outside of the outer furnace body 1, the flammable gas generated in the inner furnace body 2 is exposed. However, it is possible to prevent the risk of explosion due to contact with the combustion gas inside the outer furnace body 1.

As shown in FIG. 1, an overhead traveling crane 26 is disposed above the inner furnace body 2, and a gripper 11 is suspended by a wire 29 on a hoisting device 28 which travels while being guided by an overhead rail 27. There is.

To carry the raw material such as the old tire 12a into the inner furnace body 2, the old tire 12a is held by the gripper 11 with the upper lid 6 open, and the inner furnace body is moved along the ceiling rail 27. 2, the old tire 12a is lowered to the bottom side in the inner furnace body 2 by the gripper 11, and then the gripper 11 is opened and the old tire 12b is opened. Then, only the gripper 11 is lifted from the inner furnace body 2.

When the feeding of the raw materials is completed by repeating this operation, the upper lid 6 is closed, and the outer periphery thereof is fastened to the upper end of the inner furnace body 2 with bolts and nuts, and airtightly fixed.

The outer periphery of the lower lid 7 is fixed to the lower end of the inner furnace body 2 with bolts and nuts, but the tar-like component generated during the carbonization process is generated from the gap between the lower lid 7 and the inner furnace body 2. In order to prevent the leakage, as shown in FIG. 3, the tray 32 is formed on the inner surface of the lower lid 7 so that the tar component is collected in the tray 32.

By the time the carbonization process is completed, the tray 32
The tar component inside also vaporizes and disappears. The funnel-shaped portion 2
Since the lower end of a is extended downward, the tar component is guided into the saucer 32.

[0043]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the upper end of the outer furnace body and the upper part of the inner furnace body are closed, and the lower end of the outer furnace body and the lower end of the inner furnace body are closed. Since the material input port is at the upper end of the body and the discharge port is at the lower end, even if the flammable gas generated during carbonization should leak, there is a high probability that it will leak to the outside of the outer furnace body. There is little danger of explosion when coming into contact with the combustion gas inside. Further, since the raw material can be charged through the opening at the upper end and the carbide can be discharged through the opening at the lower end, it is possible to easily charge and discharge by utilizing the weight, and the workability is improved.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the upper end of the inner furnace body is projected from the upper end of the outer furnace body, and a plurality of exhaust gas ports are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction at the projecting portion. Therefore, a large number of exhaust gas ports are provided. As a result, the gas pressure in the inner furnace body can be prevented from rising abnormally, and safety management can be facilitated. Further, by providing a large number of exhaust gas ports in the circumferential direction, the height H of the protruding portion can be made lower, so that the area of the inner furnace body in contact with the outside air can be reduced, heat dissipation can be suppressed, and thermal efficiency can be improved.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the raw material holding means is structured so as to descend from the raw material inlet at the upper end of the inner furnace body into the inner furnace body and convey the raw material to the bottom side of the inner furnace body, It can be prevented from dropping and damaging the inner furnace body and giving a shock to the lower lid.

According to the fourth aspect, the lower part of the inner furnace body is formed in a funnel shape, and the space of the combustion chamber between the inner furnace body and the outer furnace body is made larger than that of the upper part. Since the residence time on the side is lengthened, the heating efficiency is improved and the carbonization proceeds more reliably.

Further, since the crater of the burner is directed in the tangential direction of the funnel-shaped portion and the flame from the burner is ejected tangentially to the funnel-shaped portion, the flame directly hits the funnel-shaped portion and damages the inner furnace body. However, since the combustion gas rotates in the combustion chamber having a large volume outside the funnel-shaped portion, the residence time of the combustion gas on the lower side of the inner furnace body can be made longer, and the carbonization process can be performed smoothly.

[0048]

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a carbonization system using a carbonization apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a carbonization processing operation in the carbonization system of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing details of the carbonization device in FIG.

4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.

5 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Outer Furnace Body 2 Inner Furnace Body 3 Combustion Chamber 4 Ceiling 5 Floor 6 Upper Lid 7 Lower Lid 8o Oil Burner 8g Gas Burner 8n Burner Crater 26 Overhead Crane 12a, 12b Raw Material (Old Tire) 11 Grasper 13 Exhaust Port 32 Saucer

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Office reference number FI technical display location C09K 101: 00

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A double structure comprising a vertical outer furnace body made of a fireproof heat insulating material and a vertical inner furnace body arranged therein, and the upper end of the outer furnace body and the inner furnace. The upper part of the body, the lower end of the outer furnace body and the lower end of the inner furnace body are respectively closed, and the upper end of the inner furnace body has a raw material inlet of the opening / closing structure, and the lower end of the opening / closing structure. A carbonization device having an outlet. 2. The upper end of the inner furnace body is projected from the upper end of the outer furnace body, and the projecting portion is circumferentially spaced.
The carbonization device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of exhaust gas ports are provided and the gas discharged from each exhaust gas port is guided to the cooling unit. 3. An overhead traveling crane is arranged above the inner furnace body, and a raw material holding means for holding the raw material has a structure capable of descending from a raw material inlet at the upper end of the inner furnace body into the inner furnace body. The carbonization device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that. 4. A lower part of the inner furnace body inside the outer furnace body is formed in a funnel shape to increase a space between the inner furnace wall and the outer furnace wall, and combustion outside the funnel-shaped portion is performed. 4. The carbonization device according to claim 1, wherein the combustion burner is arranged so that the combustion flame is directed in the tangential direction of the funnel-shaped portion in the chamber.