JPH10279950A - Carbonization and carbonization apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize the mass treatment and enable the efficient operation regardless of the kind, shape, etc., of a raw material by raising the efficiency of operations such as mainly carrying in of the raw material in a vertical type carbonization apparatus, provided with an inner oven body upwardly protruded from an outer oven body and having high safety in relation to a method for carbonizing waste tires, waste vinyls, wood shavings, etc., and an apparatus therefor. SOLUTION: Each basket containing a raw material is placed from an opening provided on the upper side of an inner oven in the oven and a lid 10 is closed. The basket containing the carbonized material is then taken out of the opening after the carbonization treatment by using a carbonization apparatus having a structure in which the plural baskets are superposed and placed in the interior of the vertical type cylindrical inner oven 1; the bottom side of the basket B1 carried in the lowermost part is closed so as not to leak the carbonized material and the baskets carried in the upper side have a perforated structure for leaking and dropping the carbonized material.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for carbonizing used tires, waste vinyl, wood chips and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As an apparatus for heating and carbonizing waste tires and the like, a carbonizing furnace disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-11255 is known. In addition, as a related apparatus, a method for gasification of waste by dry distillation introduced in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 5-46397 and an apparatus thereof are disclosed.
A boiler for burning waste tires and the like introduced in Japanese Patent Publication No. 08-08-08 are known.

In order to improve the problems of thermal efficiency and safety in these devices, the inventor of the present invention disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 8-143019 that a vertical type outer furnace body was provided in a vertical type outer furnace body. The inner furnace body is arranged, the space between the upper end of the outer furnace body and the upper end of the inner furnace body, and the space between the lower end of the outer furnace body and the lower end of the inner furnace body are closed. A material structure with a raw material inlet and an openable carbide outlet at the lower end was proposed. In this structure, even if the flammable gas generated during the carbonization process leaks, the flammable gas leaks outside the outer furnace body, so there is little danger of explosion in contact with the flammable gas in the outer furnace body, and the structure is safe.

Further, the upper end of the inner furnace body is protruded from the upper end of the outer furnace body, and a plurality of exhaust gas ports are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction at the projecting portions, and the exhaust gas is discharged from each exhaust gas port. The structure is such that the gas is led to the cooling unit. further,
An overhead traveling crane is arranged above the inner furnace body, and a retainer holding the raw material descends from the raw material inlet at the upper end of the inner furnace body into the inner furnace body.

[0005]

However, such repetition of the operation of grasping and inputting the raw material with the overhead traveling crane as described above takes too much time, resulting in poor work efficiency, and is not suitable for mass processing. Also, depending on the type and shape of the raw material, it may be difficult for the overhead traveling crane to grip the raw material.

The technical problem of the present invention is to focus on such a problem, and in a highly safe vertical carbonization apparatus in which the inner furnace body protrudes above the outer furnace body, work such as loading of raw materials is mainly performed. The object of the present invention is to realize mass processing and to enable efficient work regardless of the type and shape of the raw material by improving the efficiency of the process.

[0007]

The technical problem of the present invention is solved by the following means. Claim 1 is to set up a cylindrical inner furnace, put the basket containing the raw material from the opening provided on the upper side, close the lid, and after carbonization,
The carbonization method is characterized in that the basket or the carbide is taken out from the opening or the opening provided below.

[0008] As described above, since the raw material is put into the basket, carried into the inner furnace, and then the basket is taken out of the inner furnace after the carbonization, the old tires and the like are added to the basket during the carbonization. , And wait until the next processing. Since it does not take a long time to load the basket into the furnace, the time required for loading can be greatly reduced as compared with the conventional method of directly loading the raw materials into the furnace.

In addition, since the basket is put into the inner furnace,
The treated carbide can also be carried out of the furnace with the basket,
Compared with the conventional method of discharging the carbide as it is, the unloading operation is greatly reduced, and the transfer to the next step is also facilitated. Since the carbonization is performed in the basket, the basket containing the carbide can be lifted from the upper opening and carried out. An opening may be provided on the lower side of the inner furnace, and only the carbide may be taken out from the lower side.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, a plurality of baskets containing raw materials are prepared as described in the first aspect, and a plurality of baskets are stacked in the inner furnace, the lid is closed, and carbonization is performed. Thereafter, the basket or the carbide is taken out from the opening or the opening provided on the lower side.

As described above, since a plurality of baskets are stacked and placed in the furnace, a large amount of processing can be performed. In addition, the fine carbonized by the carbonization treatment passes through the upper basket and accumulates in the lower basket, so that it is easy to take out the carbide and transport it to the next step.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, a cylindrical inner furnace is set up and installed,
This is a carbonization device provided with an opening at least on the upper side and having a basket for putting raw materials into the inner furnace. As described above, since the basket is provided so that the raw material can be put into the inner furnace, the raw material can be loaded in basket units, and the time required for the loading can be shortened.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a plurality of baskets are stacked in the inner furnace according to the third aspect of the present invention, and the basket carried at the bottom is closed at least on the bottom side so that carbides do not leak. The basket carried into the upper side is a carbonization device having a perforated structure in which carbides leak out.

As described above, the basket carried in the upper side has a perforated structure, and the basket carried in the lowermost part has a structure in which the bottom side is closed and the carbide does not leak. The carbonized material passes through the bottom hole of the upper basket and accumulates in the lowermost basket, so that the carbide can be carried out of the furnace by the lowermost basket and transported to the next step, thereby facilitating the carrying out operation.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the upper end of the inner furnace body according to the third or fourth aspect protrudes from the upper end of the outer furnace body, and a gas discharge port is provided on a side wall of the protruding portion. It is a carbonization device. Thus, since the upper end of the inner furnace body is protruded from the upper end of the outer furnace body, even if the flammable gas generated during the carbonization process leaks, the probability of leakage outside the outer furnace body is high,
There is little danger of explosion on contact with the combustion gas in the outer furnace.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, when the internal pressure rises abnormally between the lid provided at the upper end of the vertical inner furnace and the upper end of the inner furnace according to the third, fourth or fifth aspect, This is a carbonizing device having a safety valve structure so that pressure can be released.

As described above, the safety valve structure is provided between the upper end of the inner furnace protruding from the outer furnace body and the lid, and the pressure is released when the pressure in the inner furnace rises abnormally. Danger can be prevented beforehand and safety is excellent.

[0018]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, an embodiment will be described as to how the carbonizing method and the carbonizing apparatus according to the present invention are practically embodied. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating an embodiment of a carbonizing device according to the present invention. Reference numeral 1 denotes a cylindrical inner furnace body made of metal, which is in a state where a cylinder is set up. The lower end of the inner furnace body 1 has a spherical shape that is convex downward, and the spherical bottom plate 1 a is placed and supported on a foundation 3 made of I-shaped steel or the like by, for example, four legs 2. ing.

An outer furnace 4 having a cylindrical structure is provided on the base 3 so as to surround the inner furnace 1. The outer furnace body 4 has a structure in which a refractory material 4a such as a refractory brick is supported by a support member 4b made of a metal flat plate or the like. Under the bottom plate 1a of the inner furnace body 1, a refractory material 4c is laid on a foundation 3, and a packing 5 made of asbestos or the like is packed between the refractory material 4c and the metal leg 2.
The legs 2 are covered with refractory cement or refractory mortar 6 or the like.

The inner furnace body 1 protrudes upward from the outer furnace body 4, and a lateral hole 1c for gas discharge is formed in this protruding portion 1b.
Opened at three locations at 0 degree intervals, connected to a gas discharge pipe, and led to a gas cooling unit. At the upper end of the outer furnace body 4, an inwardly-facing flange-like portion 4d made of a refractory material is integrally provided. And, this inward flange-like portion 4
A ring-shaped portion 7 made of a refractory material is fixed to the upper surface of d using a metal fitting or the like so as to be in close contact with the outer wall of the inner furnace body 1.

Therefore, since the ring-shaped portion 7 and the outer wall of the inner furnace body 1 can relatively slide in the vertical direction, the temperature difference between when the inner furnace body 1 is used and when it is not used is obtained. No problem occurs even if it expands and contracts.

A flange 8 is fixed to the outer periphery of the upper end of the protrusion 1b at the upper end of the inner furnace, and an upward ring 9 larger than the outer diameter of the inner furnace body 1 is fixed thereon. 10 is a circular lid,
A rib 10b is fixed vertically and horizontally on a metal cover plate 10a to reinforce it, and a hanging bracket 10c is fixed.

Further, a downward ring 10d larger than the outer diameter of the inner furnace body 1 is fixed to the lower surface of the lid plate 10a, and a refractory lid material such as a refractory mortar which is rich in heat resistance and seals is fixed inside. 11 is fixed, and the upper end of the inner furnace body 1 is closed by the refractory lid material 11.

On the flange 8 at the upper end of the inner furnace, metal fittings 12 having pin holes are fixed by welding at intervals of, for example, 30 degrees outside the upward ring 9, and the metal fittings 12 are attached to the lower surface of the cover plate 10a. At a corresponding position, a pair of metal fittings with pin holes 13a and 13b are fixed by welding so as to sandwich the metal fitting 12.

Since the outer diameter of the pin is smaller than the pin holes of the metal fittings 13a, 12 and 13b, the pin is inserted and the cover 10
When the pressure inside the inner furnace body 1 rises abnormally in a state where it is fixed to the inner furnace body 1 via the flange 8, for example, the lid 10 of about 1 ton can be pushed up to escape to the outside and function as a safety valve. I do. In addition, a ready-made safety valve can be attached to the lid 10 or the protruding portion 1 b of the inner furnace body 1.

Downwardly mounted ring 10d and metal fitting 1 with pin hole
If the ring-shaped space 23 between the bases 3a, 12 and 13b is filled with a refractory material such as asbestos and insulated, the thermal efficiency can be improved.

A burner 14 indicated by a dashed line is inserted from the lower outer periphery of the outer furnace body 4 to heat the inner furnace body 1 from the outer periphery. The number of burners 14 is arbitrary. A smoke pipe 15 is provided on the upper part of the outer furnace body 4 as shown by a chain line, and is connected to a chimney.

In the inner furnace body 1, old tires, waste vinyl,
Carry wood chips etc. and carbonize them.
It is put in a basket as shown in FIG. In the inner furnace body 1 in FIG. 1, a lowermost basket B1, an intermediate basket B2, and an uppermost basket B
3 and 3 layers. Upper two-stage basket B
2 and B3 have the same structure, but the lowermost basket B1 has a different structure.

In FIG. 2, the second and third baskets B2 and B3 shown in (1) have a circular bottom portion 16 and a cylindrical side wall 17, each of which is provided with old tires or the like. In order to prevent escape, the mesh is made of, for example, a mesh of about 10 cm.

On the other hand, in the first-stage basket B1 shown in (2), the cylindrical side wall 18 and the circular bottom 19 are made of iron plate so that fine carbides do not leak.

In the carbonization process, the lid 10 of the inner furnace body 1 shown in FIG. 1 is opened, and the raw material is first placed in a basket B1 with a bottom plate 19 as shown in FIG. It is carried in and placed on the receiving leg 1d fixed to the inner furnace bottom. Next, with the raw materials put in a basket B2 having a bottom hole as shown in FIG. 2A, the raw material is carried onto the first-stage basket B1. Finally, the second stage basket B2
In a state where the raw material is put in a basket B3 having a bottom hole similar to that described above, the raw material is loaded onto the above-mentioned second-stage basket B2 and
0 is closed, and a pin is inserted and fixed in the pin holes of the metal fittings 13a, 12 and 13b.

In this state, the inner furnace body 1 is
Is heated from the outer periphery and the furnace temperature is raised to about 700 to 800 ° C., the raw material in the inner furnace body 1 is carbonized, and the generated gas flows through the gas discharge pipe from the upper horizontal hole 1c. It is led to a cooling unit, cooled and liquefied. When this liquid is a combustible oil, it can be used as fuel for the burner 14. When the raw material put into the inner furnace body 1 is wood, wood vinegar is obtained.

When the carbonization is performed for about 6 hours, the carbonization is completed, and the carbide remains in the inner furnace body 1. In addition, it collapses into tatters and becomes crushed stones or powders. Therefore, the carbides in the third-stage and second-stage baskets B3, B2 fall through the perforated bottom 16 and fall to the lowermost basket B.
Collect in one.

Therefore, when the lid 10 is opened after the carbonization process is completed and the baskets B3, B2, B1 are lifted and taken out, the carbide is carried out by the lowermost basket B1. Note that wires and the like in the tire often remain in the upper basket.

Since the hanging wires 20 are attached to the baskets B1, B2, and B3, the baskets B1, B2, and B3 can be suspended and carried in and out by using the rings 21 attached to their upper ends. Also, if the wire 20 of the lowermost basket B1 is long enough to reach the upper end opening of the inner furnace body 1 and the ring 21 is hooked on the inner wall of the upper end of the inner furnace body 1, this ring 21 Can be pulled up and carried out together by hooking on a hook such as a hoist.

As described above, when three baskets are used, more than 200 old tires of a passenger car can be carbonized at a time. Depending on the size and processing amount of the inner furnace 1, only one basket may be sufficient, and four or more baskets may be stacked.

In FIG. 1, the bottom of the inner furnace body 1 has a structure which cannot be opened and closed.
As in the case of the carbonization device in No. 3019, an opening / closing lid may be provided on the bottom side. In this case, the raw material is carried in from above, and after the carbonization treatment, the lower lid is opened and the carbide is carried out from below.

In this case, there are two cases of taking out the carbide together with the basket and taking out only the carbide. In the case of the former, the opening on the bottom side is large enough to take out the basket.

In the latter case, it is sufficient to take out only the carbide, so that the opening may be smaller than the basket. However, in this case, the bottom basket B1 also needs to have a structure with a bottom hole.
A perforated structure similar to the second and third baskets can be provided. With such a structure, the carbide can be taken out from the lower side of the inner furnace body 1 and the foreign matter such as the wire can be taken out from the upper side together with the basket, so that separation becomes easier.

When fine powder of carbide or the like accumulates at the bottom of the inner furnace body 1, it can be discharged from a discharge pipe 22 connected to the bottom.

[0041]

According to the method of the first aspect, since the raw material is put into a basket, carried into the inner furnace, and the basket is taken out of the inner furnace after the carbonizing treatment, the raw material is removed during the carbonizing treatment. In addition, it becomes possible to put raw materials such as old tires in a basket and wait. Since it does not take a long time to load the basket into the furnace, the time required for loading can be greatly reduced as compared with the conventional method of directly loading the raw materials into the furnace.

In addition, since the basket is put into the inner furnace,
The treated carbide can also be carried out of the furnace with the basket,
Compared with the conventional method of discharging the carbide as it is, the unloading operation is greatly reduced, and the transfer to the next step is also facilitated. Since the carbonization is performed in the basket, the basket containing the carbide can be lifted from the upper opening and carried out.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since a plurality of baskets are put into the furnace in a pile, a large amount of processing can be performed.
In addition, the carbonized and finely divided carbide passes through the upper basket and accumulates in the lower basket.
Removal of carbides is also facilitated.

The apparatus according to the third aspect of the present invention is equipped with a basket capable of putting the raw material into the inner furnace, so that the raw material can be loaded in basket units, and the time required for the loading can be shortened.

In the apparatus according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the bottom of the basket to be carried into the upper side has a perforated structure, and the bottom of the basket to be carried to the lowermost part is closed so that the carbide does not leak. The fine carbonized carbonized material passes through the bottom hole of the upper basket and accumulates in the lowermost basket, so that the carbide can be carried out of the furnace by the lowermost basket and conveyed to the next process, and the unloading work can be performed. It will be easier.

According to the fifth aspect, since the upper end of the inner furnace body is projected from the upper end of the outer furnace body, even if the flammable gas generated during the carbonization process leaks, the probability of leaking to the outside of the outer furnace body should occur. And there is little danger of explosion in contact with the combustion gas in the outer furnace body.

According to the present invention, a safety valve structure is provided between the upper end of the inner furnace protruding from the outer furnace body and the lid, and when the pressure in the inner furnace rises abnormally, the pressure escapes. It can prevent such dangers in advance and is excellent in safety.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating an embodiment of a carbonizing device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a basket for carrying raw materials.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 inner furnace body 2 spherical bottom plate 4 outer furnace body 7 ring-shaped portion made of refractory material 8 flange 9 upward ring 10 lid 10a lid plate 10d downward ring 11 sealing material 12, 13a, 13b metal fitting with pin hole 14 burner 15 smoke tube B1 Lowermost basket B2 Second-tier basket B3 Third-tier basket 16 Perforated bottom part 17 Reticulated side wall 18 Perforated bottom plate 19 Perforated side wall

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A cylindrical inner furnace is set up vertically, a basket containing raw materials is put through an opening provided on an upper side thereof, and a lid is closed. After the carbonization treatment, the basket or the carbide is removed from the opening or the lower part. A carbonization method characterized by taking out from an opening provided on the side. 2. A plurality of baskets containing raw materials are prepared as described above, a plurality of baskets are stacked in the inner furnace, the lid is closed, and after the carbonization treatment, the baskets and carbides are removed. The carbonization method according to claim 1, wherein the carbonized material is taken out from the opening or an opening provided on a lower side. 3. A carbonization apparatus characterized by comprising a cylindrical inner furnace set up, an opening provided at least on an upper side thereof, and a basket for putting raw materials into the inner furnace. 4. A structure in which a plurality of baskets are stacked in the inner furnace, and the basket carried at the lowermost portion is closed at least on the bottom side so as to prevent carbide from leaking, and is carried on the upper side. The carbonization apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the basket to be formed has a perforated structure through which carbides leak. 5. An upper furnace body according to claim 3, wherein an upper end of the inner furnace body protrudes from an upper end of the outer furnace body, and a gas outlet is provided on a side wall of the protruding portion. Carbonization treatment described in 1. 6. A safety valve structure is provided between the lid provided at the upper end of the inner furnace and the upper end of the inner furnace so that pressure can escape when the internal pressure rises abnormally. The carbonization device according to claim 3, 4 or 5.