JP2608853B2 - Carbonization furnace - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a carbonizing furnace for carbonizing waste materials such as wood and old tires.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been known a device for carbonizing waste materials such as wood and old tires by carbonizing in a carbonization furnace (Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-36630).

[0003]

The known carbonization furnace heats the bottom or the side of the carbonization furnace, so that the heat is not distributed to the entire carbonization furnace, and therefore the amount of treatment is small. was there. An object of the present invention is to provide a carbonization furnace that can be efficiently heated.

[0004]

In order to solve the above problems, in the present invention, an inner furnace, which is a carbonization furnace, is arranged in the outer furnace with a gap, and the gap serves as a combustion chamber. Configured.

[0005]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a carbonization apparatus using an embodiment of a carbonization furnace according to the present invention. The carbonization apparatus of the present embodiment includes a horizontally long carbonization furnace A that heats and dry-distills wood and waste materials, a steam separator B that removes water from dry-distilled gas, and an oil that separates oil from the steam-separated gas It comprises a separator C, a gas purifier D for purifying oil-separated gas, and a recirculation device E for recirculating a part of the gas-purified gas as fuel for the carbonization furnace A. Hereinafter, each component will be described in order.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the carbonizing furnace A. The carbonizing furnace A is arranged so as to surround a cylindrical inner furnace 1 for carbonizing wood or waste material and the like and a periphery of the inner furnace 1. Outer furnace 3
It has and. The outer furnace 3 is fixed on a table 5, an inner furnace receiver 7 is placed in the outer furnace 3, and the inner furnace 1 is placed on the inner furnace receiver 7.
Is installed. There is a space between the inner furnace 1 and the outer furnace 3, and this space serves as a combustion chamber 9. Two water reservoirs 11 are attached to the outside of the outer furnace 3 so as to surround the outer furnace 3.

The inner furnace 1 is made of a heat-resistant metal (for example, iron or stainless steel) or ceramic. Figure 3
As shown in (1), one end of the inner furnace 1 is a lid 2 that can be opened and closed, and the inside of the inner furnace 1 can be sealed by closing the lid 2. The lid 2 may be completely detachable from the inner furnace 1 main body, or may be attached to the inner furnace 1 main body using a hinge or the like. Further, the method of locking the lid 2 to the inner furnace 1 body is not particularly limited, but may be stopped by using, for example, metal fittings. Alternatively, a pin may be protruded from the inside of the lid 2 and an L-shaped groove may be formed on the inner furnace 1 main body side to engage with the pin. The lid 2 is locked by fitting the lid 2 into the inner furnace 1 main body and turning the same. May be performed. A waste material storage plate (not shown) for placing the waste material is arranged at the bottom of the inner furnace 1, and the waste materials are stacked in parallel on this net. As the waste material cutting plate, for example, a wire mesh such as stainless steel, refractory brick, ceramic, or the like is used. Since the thermal decomposition starts from the upper part of the waste material, a gas outlet 23 is provided at the bottom of the inner furnace 1 as shown in FIG. In addition, another gas outlet may be provided if necessary, and the other outlet is a conduit 27 (FIG. 1).
And merges with the conduit 25.

As shown in FIG. 2, the outer furnace 3 has a metal plate 3a.
A plurality of refractory bricks 3b are spread all over the inside and fixed, and the whole is made up of four arc pieces 301, 302, 303,
It is divided into 304, and they are joined together at the joint 30 to be assembled. That is, first, the bottom piece 301 of the outer furnace is set on the table 5, the inner furnace receiver 7 is arranged on the bottom piece 301, and the inner furnace 1 is placed thereon. The inner furnace receiver 7 may be made of metal, but may be made of refractory brick or ceramic.
Next, the side pieces 302 and 304 of the outer furnace are attached to both ends of the bottom piece 301, and finally the upper piece 303 is placed on the side pieces 302 and 304 to complete the outer furnace 3. Each arc piece is connected using, for example, a bolt or a sheet metal. The end of the outer furnace 3 is shown in FIG.
The lid 4 is attached by a hinge as shown in FIG.
By closing the outer furnace 3, the outer furnace 3 is sealed. If the outer furnace 3 is large and the lid 4 cannot be supported by the hinge, a column may be set up near the outer furnace 3 and the lid 4 may be attached to the column so as to be freely opened and closed.

As shown in FIG. 1, three heating ports are formed in the bottom piece 301 of the outer furnace 3 at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the outer furnace. A combustion burner 1 is provided below each heating port 301a.
3 are arranged, and each combustion burner 13 has a tube 15.
As a result, fuel is sent from the fuel tank 17. The combustion gas of the combustion burner 13 is discharged from the exhaust stack 18 to the outside.
The number of the combustion burners 13 may be appropriately determined according to the length of the carbonization furnace A. The arrangement position of the combustion burner 13 may be changed according to the size of the inner furnace 1, and may be provided not only at the lower part of the outer furnace 3 but also at the side or upper part of the outer furnace 3 with the crater facing inward. .

The water reservoir 11 is a container containing cooling water W therein, and the water W is supplied through a water supply valve 19 and discharged through a drain valve 21 as shown in FIG. Puddle 1
1 is detachably attached to the outer furnace 3, for example, the outer furnace 3
When repairing or repairing the water tank, the water can 11 can be removed. Although not shown in the figure, a plurality of steam ports are provided in the upper part of the water can 11 so that when the temperature of the water W in the can becomes high, steam is exhausted from the steam port, whereby The temperature of the water W is maintained at 80 to 100C. Water W
When the water consumption decreases, the water is supplied from the water supply valve 19. The water can 11 is not essential in the present invention, but serves to prevent heat radiation from the carbonization furnace 3 and keep the temperature of the carbonization furnace 3 constant. Further, the water can 11 can protect the outer furnace 3 (anticorrosion, protection of refractory bricks, etc.). Since the water W in the can is hot, the drain valve 2
It can be discharged from 1 and used for various purposes such as heating, bath, heated pool, etc.

In the steam separator B, a number of separate plates 4 are provided.
1 (made of metal) is installed so as to obstruct the gas flow, and the gas flow flows in the upper and lower parts of the separator B in the horizontal direction.
The water vapor in the gas collides with the partition plate 41 on the way and condenses, and is collected in the water storage tank 43. Although the gas pipe 25 on the upstream side of the steam separator B is attached to the upper side of the steam separator B, the gas pipe 25 may be attached to the lower side to allow the gas to pass between the partition plates 41.

A baffle plate 45 is mounted in the oil separator C, and a hole for gas is formed in the baffle plate 45. The height of adjacent holes is different. It bumps into and moves up and down. Although not shown, the outer circumference of the oil separator C is surrounded by a cooler containing cooling water. The separated oil is stored in the tank 47.

Activated carbon 49 is disposed in the gas purifier D. The central part of the activated carbon 49 serves as a gas passage, and the cleaned and deodorized gas is discharged from the gas passage 51 to the next step. 52 is a spill storage tank.

The recirculation device E includes a first gas receiving tank 53,
It is composed of a blower 55 and a second gas receiving tank 57. The first gas receiving tank 53 is evacuated by the blower 55 and gas is introduced therein. And the second gas receiver 57
Gas is prepared in the combustion burner 1 through a pipe 59
Send to 3 for complete combustion. When the gas is not sent to the recirculation device E, the gas is exhausted from the exhaust pipe 61 to the outside.

Next, the operation of the above device will be described. First, the waste material is put into the inner furnace 1, the lids of the inner furnace 1 and the outer furnace 3 are closed, and the combustion burner 13 is ignited. White smoke (about 75 to 80 ° C.) containing water vapor and water is generated in about 3 hours. After 5 hours, carbonization begins and the gas turns from white smoke to light brown smoke (120 ° C).
Degree). During this time, the gas is sent from the conduits 25 and 27 to the steam separator B to remove the water content, the oil separator C removes the oil content, the gas purifier D cleans and deodorizes and is sent to the reflux device E. The gas is supplied from the recirculation device E to the combustion burner 1
It is sent to 3 and burns completely. At 6 hours after the start, the gas changes to white and black mixed smoke (about 120 ° C.), after 7 hours becomes light purple smoke (150 ° C.), and after 10 hours, it becomes mixed purple smoke (150 ° C.) and ends. After that, carbide is taken out from the inner furnace 1. A large amount of wood vinegar can be obtained by cooling the gas generated when carbonizing the waste material.

As described above, by using the above-described apparatus, the inner furnace 1 is completely surrounded by the combustion chamber 9, so that the heating can be performed efficiently. Further, since the above device is elongated in the lateral direction, even a long material can be easily taken in and out from the lateral direction.

FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the present invention, in which the inner furnace is movable. That is, the center of the table 5 is separated from other parts as the moving table 51,
The caster 52 is attached so as to be movable, and the bottom portion 305 of the outer furnace 1 is fixed on the moving table 51. The inner furnace 1 is cut on the bottom 305 via the inner furnace receiver 7 as in the first embodiment. After the carbonization is completed, the lid 4 of the outer furnace 3 is opened, the movable table 51 is pulled out together with the inner furnace 1, and then the lid 2 of the inner furnace 1 is opened to remove the carbide therein. Using the carbonization furnace of this embodiment, long and large materials can be easily processed. Note that a slight gap is formed between the moving table 51 and the table 5 main body. In this case, a horizontally extending plate material is attached to the moving table 51,
It is preferable that the plate material covers the gap so that fire does not leak from the gap. In the second embodiment, in addition to the lid 4 of the outer furnace 3, a lid may be provided at the rear end of the outer furnace 3. And, for example, another inner furnace
Prepare the material, put the material in it and wait at the back of the outer furnace. When one inner furnace is finished and taken out from the front lid of the outer furnace, open the rear lid of the outer furnace and wait Insert another inner furnace into the outer furnace. In this way, the inner furnace can be replaced immediately, and the carbonization work can be performed continuously, which is efficient. For example, carbonization can be performed twice in 24 hours.

FIG. 5 shows a third embodiment, in which the carbonization furnace is of a vertical type. That is, the carbonization furnace includes a vertical inner furnace 71 and a vertical outer furnace 73, and a support rod 75 is provided on the upper portion of the outer furnace 73. The furnace 71 is suspended. A combustion chamber 79 is provided between the inner furnace 71 and the outer furnace 73.
Is formed. A lid 8 is provided on top of the inner furnace 71 and the outer furnace 73.
1, 83 are attached respectively and can be opened and closed. In FIG. 5, the same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals. The carbonization furnace of the third embodiment is suitable for carbonizing small materials.

[0019]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Since the entire circumference of the inner furnace, which is a dry distillation furnace, is heated, the effect that the waste material can be carbonized very efficiently and in large quantities can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an overall configuration of a carbonization apparatus using an embodiment of a carbonization furnace according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a carbonization furnace used in the apparatus of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a carbonization furnace with a part cut away.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 inner furnace 3 outer furnace 9 combustion chamber

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. An inner furnace, which is a carbonization furnace, is arranged in the outer furnace with a gap, the gap serves as a combustion chamber, and the outer furnace and the inner furnace have a horizontally long shape. In a carbonization furnace provided with an opening / closing part for loading and unloading the material in the length direction, a moving table forming a part of the outer furnace is provided, and the inner furnace is placed on the moving table, and the moving table is A carbonization furnace, wherein the inner furnace is made movable by moving the inner furnace. 2. The carbonization furnace according to claim 1, wherein the inner furnace can be taken out of the outer furnace by moving the moving table. 3. The carbonization furnace according to claim 2, wherein opening and closing portions are provided at both ends of the outer furnace. 4. The carbonization furnace according to claim 1, wherein a heat retaining means is provided on an outer periphery of said outer furnace.