JP2019203617A - Small-sized incineration melting furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a small-sized incineration melting furnace that suppresses generation of a chlorine gas so as not to deteriorate a furnace wall, thereby extending a life.SOLUTION: A small-sized incineration melting furnace includes: a first furnace 17 having a first burner jetting port 31 in a side wall 13; a second furnace 18 positioned downward from a hearth 15 of the first furnace 17 and having a second burner jetting port 33 in the side wall 13; an opening 19 provided in the hearth 15 to communicate between the first furnace 17 and the second furnace 18; and a waste matter loading port 20 provided above the first furnace 17 and freely opened and closed to load a waste matter therethrough from the outside.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a small incineration melting furnace, and more particularly to a small incineration melting furnace capable of efficiently melting various kinds of waste.

In the Great East Japan Earthquake, it was necessary to process a large amount of rubble. However, when rubble containing salt is incinerated by a tsunami in a normal incinerator having an incineration temperature of 1100 ° C. to 1300 ° C., chlorine gas is generated. Since chlorine gas lowers the combustion temperature of the incinerator by about 250 ° C. to 300 ° C., the combustion state deteriorates and harmful dioxins are generated.
Further, the generated chlorine gas penetrates into the furnace wall of the incinerator, degrades the furnace wall, and shortens the life of the incinerator. For this reason, the incinerator cannot be used, and there is a risk that processing of general waste such as household waste will be delayed. The chlorine gas treatment requires a combustion temperature of 1400 ° C. or higher.
Therefore, some municipalities and companies have adopted melting furnaces that set the incineration temperature to 1400 ° C to 1500 ° C and incinerate and melt waste at higher temperatures. Melting furnaces are superior in that they can be detoxified and reduced in volume by converting waste into slag, but the introduction and operation costs are high, and the target set temperature is not reached, so the actual use It is also said that there are many cases in which it is refrained.

  For example, in Patent Document 1, by reducing the pressure of the heat insulating gap between the inner wall member and the outer wall member to the vacuum side, the heat insulating property is exhibited, rapid temperature increase is possible, and the high temperature state is stably maintained. A furnace with high thermal efficiency that can be made is disclosed.

  In Patent Document 2, a heating means is provided in the vicinity of the tap outlet, and by heating the slag, the molten slag of the incineration residue can be stably put out, and the components around the tap outlet can be extended in life. A heating and melting apparatus having a structure as described above is disclosed.

  In Patent Document 3, various kinds of waste containing high-concentration dioxins can be continuously processed by one incineration facility, dioxins contained in exhaust gas are removed, and fly ash containing dioxins is removed. A waste treatment method is disclosed that can be stabilized and efficiently decomposed and detoxified by dioxins.

JP 7-280455 A JP 2001-12722 A JP 2000-274622 A

  The furnace disclosed in Patent Document 1 can raise the temperature to about 1250 ° C., which is required for firing ceramics, by maintaining high heat insulation, but the combustion temperature is lowered by the generation of chlorine gas. It does not correspond to the deterioration of the furnace wall.

  The heating and melting treatment apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 2 is a melting furnace capable of raising the incineration temperature to 1400 ° C., and the slag itself is a protective layer of refractory material, so-called self-coating, and the configuration around the taphole Although the member has a longer life, it does not extend the life of the entire melting furnace in response to the generation of chlorine gas.

  The waste treatment method disclosed in Patent Document 3 is an acidic hydrochloric acid containing a reaction catalyst for exhaust gas containing dioxins generated by burning waste containing high-concentration dioxins at a combustion temperature of 1200 ° C. or higher. Although it is detoxified by washing with an absorbing liquid, it does not correspond to a decrease in combustion temperature due to generation of chlorine gas or deterioration of an incineration melting apparatus.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and efficiently burns waste at high temperatures by sandwiching waste with flames from a pair of burner jets provided above and below the double floor. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a small incineration melting furnace that suppresses generation of chlorine gas, realizes a long life without deteriorating the furnace wall.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a first technical means of the present invention includes a first furnace having a first burner outlet on a side wall, a second burner located on the side wall and located below the hearth of the first furnace. A second furnace having a jet port, an opening provided in the hearth, communicating the first furnace and the second furnace with each other, and provided above the first furnace, the waste is input from the outside. And a waste input port that can be freely opened and closed.

  The second technical means is characterized in that, in the first technical means, the lower portion of the first furnace is formed in an inverted truncated cone shape.

  The third technical means further includes an air supply pipe penetrating the second furnace in the first or second technical means and suspended from the hearth at the center of the first furnace, An air ejection hole for ejecting air taken in from the outside is provided on a side surface of the air supply pipe.

  According to a fourth technical means, in any one of the first to third technical means, the first furnace is divided into an upper part and a lower part at a central part of the first furnace above the first burner outlet. It is characterized by what is possible.

  According to a fifth technical means, in any one of the first to fourth technical means, the side wall and the hearth are made of molybdenum steel.

  A sixth technical means is any one of the second to fifth technical means, characterized in that a ring member whose center side faces downward is provided on a side wall of the first furnace. .

  According to the present invention, waste is sandwiched by flames from a pair of burner outlets provided on the upper and lower sides of the double floor and efficiently burned at a high temperature, thereby suppressing the generation of chlorine gas and the furnace wall. The life can be extended without deteriorating

It is a side view of the small incineration melting furnace and its accessory equipment concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a side view which shows the internal structure of the small incineration melting furnace which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing in the AA cutting line shown in FIG. 2 of the small incineration melting furnace which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing in the BB cutting line shown in FIG. 2 of the small incineration melting furnace which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing in the CC cutting line shown in FIG. 2 of the small incineration melting furnace which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the small incineration melting furnace of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the configurations denoted by the same reference numerals in different drawings are the same, and the description thereof may be omitted. In addition, this invention is not limited to the illustration in these embodiment, All the changes within the range of the matter described in the claim and within the equal range are included.

  FIG. 1 is a side view of a small incineration melting furnace and its accessory equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The small incineration melting furnace 1 according to this embodiment includes a first furnace 17 and a second furnace 18 positioned below the hearth 15 of the first furnace 17.
The first furnace 17 has a first burner outlet 31 on the side wall 13. The second furnace 18 has a second burner outlet 33 on the side wall 13.
The first burner outlet 31 and the second burner outlet 33 are respectively connected to a first combustion burner 30 and a second combustion burner 32 installed outside the small incineration melting furnace 1.
The 1st combustion burner 30 and the 2nd combustion burner 32 are provided with a blower, and the 1st furnace 17 and the 2nd furnace 18 pass the flame of the temperature of 1450 ° C or more through the 1st burner jet 31 and the 2nd burner jet 33 Spouts inside each of the.
Details of the small incineration melting furnace 1 other than the above will be described later with reference to FIG.

The small incineration melting furnace 1 includes a waste inlet 20 above the first furnace 17. The waste input port 20 is provided so as to be openable and closable in order to input waste from the outside. In FIG. 1, an input device 60 is provided adjacent to the waste input port 20. The charging device 60 is connected to the hydraulic unit 61 by a hose (not shown) and is hydraulically driven, but may be driven by a method other than hydraulic pressure.
The waste is first thrown from above into a box (not shown) provided in the space between the throwing device 60 and the waste throwing port 20. Next, the box is closed with a lid 71 suspended by a chain block 70 after the waste is charged.
Then, the input device 60 pushes out the box in which the waste is input toward the waste input port 20, and the waste is input into the first furnace 17 from there.

The small incineration melting furnace 1 has a lid portion 21 above the first furnace 17 via a first trunk winding flange 22. The lid portion 21 is a portion extending upward and is connected to the duct 50 via a flange 51. The first furnace 17 and the lid part 21 can be divided at the first trunk winding flange 22, and the lid part 21 and the duct 50 can be divided at the flange 51.
Exhaust gas generated in the first furnace 17 is discharged outside the small incineration melting furnace 1 through the duct 50. The exhaust gas passing through the duct 50 is cooled and collected by a cooling device and a bag filter (not shown). Chlorine gas decomposed at a combustion temperature of 1400 ° C. or higher in the small incineration melting furnace 1 becomes chlorine dioxide (ClO ₂ ) in the cooling device and is agglomerated.

  FIG. 2 is a side view showing the internal structure of a small incineration melting furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  As described above, the small incineration melting furnace 1 includes the first furnace 17 having the first burner outlet 31 on the side wall 13 and the second burner outlet on the side wall 13 located below the hearth 15 of the first furnace 17. And a second furnace 18 having 33.

The housing of the small incineration melting furnace 1 has the following structure.
That is, the outermost outer wall 10 and the lid portion 21 are made of iron, and for example, a 6 mm thick iron plate is used. Here, water from a tank (not shown) installed outside the small incineration melting furnace 1 is circulated while being cooled inside the lid portion 21, thereby improving the airtightness of the small incineration melting furnace 1.
The heat insulating castable 11 inside the outer wall 10 is a kind of cement that is pumice-like and blocks external heat, and its heat-resistant temperature is 1300 ° C.
The refractory castable 12 inside the heat insulating castable 11 is also a kind of cement, and the heat resistant temperature is 1830 ° C. at a higher temperature.
The side wall 13 that forms the first furnace 17 inside the refractory castable 12 is made of stainless steel (molybdenum steel) containing molybdenum (Mo), for example, 20 mm thick, and the heat resistant temperature is 2700 ° C.

The lower part of the first furnace 17 is formed in an inverted truncated cone shape. The molybdenum steel having a heat-resistant temperature of 2700 ° C. is also used for the hearth 15 at the bottom of the first furnace 17. The hearth 15 is provided with an opening 19 (not shown) that allows the first furnace 17 and the second furnace 18 to communicate with each other.
The molybdenum steel having a heat resistant temperature of 2700 ° C. is also used for the side wall 13 and the bottom of the second furnace 18.

Below the bottom of the second furnace 18, a foundation 16 that supports the entire small incineration melting furnace 1 is provided. For the base portion 16, the above-described fire-resistant castable having a heat-resistant temperature of 1830 ° C is used.
An air passage 42 extending from the outer wall 10 toward the center of the small incineration melting furnace 1 is formed inside the base portion 16.

In the center of the first furnace 17, an air supply pipe 40 is suspended from the hearth 15 through the second furnace 18. For the air supply pipe 40, the molybdenum steel having a heat-resistant temperature of 2700 ° C. is used.
An air ejection hole 41 is provided on a side surface of the air supply pipe 40, and air taken from outside through the air passage 42 is ejected from the air ejection hole 41.
The air from the air ejection holes 41 is preferably ejected so as to turn downward around the air supply pipe 40.

Thereby, the oxygen which is deficient by the gas generated by incinerating the waste can be supplied. In particular, when vinyl chloride or the like is burned, the generated gas stays and the flame may disappear, and the need for oxygen supply is further increased.
A blower (not shown) is installed at a point where the air passage 42 opens at the outer wall 10, and air having a necessary air volume is introduced into the air passage 42 according to the combustion state. As the blower, the same blower used for the first combustion burner 30 and the second combustion burner 32 described above can be used.

A ring member 14 whose center side faces downward is provided on the side wall 13 of the first furnace 17. For the ring member 14, the molybdenum steel having a heat-resistant temperature of 2700 ° C. is used.
Since the ring member 14 is provided, a gap is provided when waste is thrown into the first furnace 17 to prevent the waste from adhering to the side wall 13 and preventing flame from reaching and Oxygen contained in the air ejected from the holes 41 is supplied to every corner of the first furnace 17 to promote combustion.
A plurality of ring members 14 may be provided at different positions in the vertical direction.
Further, the ring member 14 is provided perpendicularly to the upper part of the first furnace 17 in which combustion proceeds from the side wall 13 of the portion formed in an inverted truncated cone shape in the lower part of the first furnace 17 in which combustion is proceeding. It is desirable that a larger number be provided on the side wall 13.

The first furnace 17 is a central portion of the first furnace 17 above the first burner outlet 31 and can be divided into an upper part and a lower part with the second trunk flange 23 as a boundary.
Thereby, the movement of the small incineration melting furnace 1 becomes easy, and it becomes possible to install the small incineration melting furnace 1 near a place where there is a demand for waste disposal.

  FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA shown in FIG. 2 of the small incineration melting furnace according to one embodiment of the present invention. In the drawing, the ring member 14 is not shown.

A flame of the first combustion burner 30 (not shown) is ejected from the first burner outlet 31 toward the inside of the first furnace 17. Here, the first burner outlet 31 is provided in an eccentric direction with respect to the central direction as shown in the figure. Therefore, the flame becomes a left-handed swirl flow and burns the waste thrown into the first furnace 17. Here, the combustion temperature of the first furnace 17 is maintained at 1400 ° C. to 1500 ° C.
As described above, the hearth 15 is provided with the opening 19 that allows the first furnace 17 and the second furnace 18 to communicate with each other.

  3B is a cross-sectional view of the small incineration melting furnace according to one embodiment of the present invention, taken along the line BB shown in FIG.

A flame of the second combustion burner 32 (not shown) is ejected from the second burner outlet 33 toward the inside of the second furnace 18. Here, the second burner outlet 33 is provided in an eccentric direction with respect to the central direction as shown in the figure. Therefore, the flame becomes a left-handed swirl flow.
When the second furnace 18 is heated to a predetermined high temperature, the flame swirling in the second furnace 18 goes up to the first furnace 17 through the opening 19 and promotes the combustion of waste in the first furnace 17.

As shown in FIG. 2 above, the ceiling portion of the second furnace 18 corresponds to the hearth 15 of the first furnace, and the flame swirling in the second furnace 18 heats the hearth 15.
When the hearth 15 is heated to 1600 ° C. or higher, the waste ash burned in the first furnace 17 melts and falls to the second furnace 18 by gravity through the opening 19.
As described above, since the second combustion burner 32 that ejects a flame from the second burner outlet 33 needs to melt the ash, the flame is ejected from the first burner outlet 31 that exclusively burns waste. It is preferable to adjust the fuel supply so that the output is larger than that of the first combustion burner 30.

3C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG. 2 of the small incineration melting furnace according to one embodiment of the present invention.
As described above, a fireproof castable is used for the base portion 16, and an air passage 42 extending from the outer wall 10 toward the center of the small incineration melting furnace 1 is formed inside the base portion 16.

Although not shown in either FIG. 3B or FIG. 3C, a discharge port extending from the bottom surface of the second furnace 18 to the outer wall 10 of the small incineration melting furnace 1 through the base portion 16 is provided. The ash is discharged to the outside of the small incineration melting furnace 1 by a belt conveyor or the like.
The discharged ash is cooled by a shower to become a solid (molten slag), and then applied to a crusher to make the size uniform and can be reused as building and civil engineering materials such as aggregates. It becomes.

  According to the small incineration melting furnace 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, the furnace temperature rises within 3 minutes up to 1000 ° C. within 12 to 13 minutes up to 1500 ° C., and the molten ash becomes the furnace in about 30 minutes. It will be discharged outside, and the disposal of waste will be completed in a short time.

As described above, the waste is incinerated in a sandwich shape with the flames from the first burner outlet 31 and the second burner outlet 33 provided in each of the first furnace 17 and the second furnace 18. Combustion is realized and the combustion time can be shortened.
In addition, the efficient combustion can maintain the high temperature in the furnace and suppress the generation of chlorine gas.
Furthermore, until the inside of the furnace reaches 1400 ° C., which is the chlorine gas processing temperature, the chlorine gas permeates and deteriorates the furnace wall, but the side wall 13 and the hearth 15 of the first furnace 17 and the second furnace 18 are deteriorated. By using molybdenum steel that is excellent not only in heat resistance but also in corrosion resistance for the side wall 13 and the bottom surface, it is possible to extend the life of the furnace.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Small incineration melting furnace, 10 ... Outer wall, 11 ... Heat insulation castable, 12 ... Fireproof castable, 13 ... Side wall, 14 ... Ring member, 15 ... Hearth, 16 ... Base part, 17 ... 1st furnace, 18 ... 2nd Furnace, 19 ... opening, 20 ... waste input port, 21 ... lid, 22 ... first trunk winding flange, 23 ... second trunk winding flange, 30 ... first combustion burner, 31 ... first burner outlet,
32 ... Second combustion burner, 33 ... Second burner outlet, 40 ... Air supply pipe, 41 ... Air ejection hole, 42 ... Air passage, 50 ... Duct, 51 ... Flange, 60 ... Feeding device, 61 ... Hydraulic unit, 70 ... Chen block, 71 ... Lid.

Claims (6)

A first furnace having a first burner outlet on the side wall;
A second furnace located below the hearth of the first furnace and having a second burner outlet on the side wall;
An opening provided in the hearth and communicating the first furnace and the second furnace with each other;
A small incineration melting furnace provided above the first furnace and provided with an openable and closable waste input port for inputting waste from the outside.   The small incineration melting furnace according to claim 1, wherein a lower portion of the first furnace is formed in an inverted truncated cone shape. An air supply pipe penetrating the second furnace and suspended from the hearth at the center of the first furnace;
The small incineration melting furnace according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an air ejection hole for ejecting air taken from outside is provided on a side surface of the air supply pipe.   The said 1st furnace is a center part of the said 1st furnace above the said 1st burner outlet, and can be divided | segmented into an upper part and a lower part, The Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. Small incineration melting furnace.   The small incineration melting furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the side wall and the hearth are molybdenum steel. The small incineration melting furnace according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein a ring member whose center side faces downward is provided on a side wall of the first furnace.

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