CN214249633U - Integrated device of melting furnace of rotary kiln - Google Patents

Integrated device of melting furnace of rotary kiln Download PDF

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Publication number
CN214249633U
CN214249633U CN202023044098.0U CN202023044098U CN214249633U CN 214249633 U CN214249633 U CN 214249633U CN 202023044098 U CN202023044098 U CN 202023044098U CN 214249633 U CN214249633 U CN 214249633U
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China
Prior art keywords
slag hopper
rotary kiln
melting furnace
slag
plasma
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CN202023044098.0U
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Chinese (zh)
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司徒达志
李程鑫
杨明辉
陆杰
程建军
陈祎
李晴
周江
颜丽媛
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China General Nuclear Power Corp
China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
CGN Power Co Ltd
China Nuclear Power Institute Co Ltd
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China General Nuclear Power Corp
China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
CGN Power Co Ltd
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a rotary kiln melting furnace integrated device, which comprises a rotary kiln for burning solid waste to form ash, a plasma melting furnace for melting the ash at high temperature to form vitreous body, a secondary combustion chamber for performing secondary fuel treatment on flue gas, and a slag hopper; the rotary kiln is arranged on one side of the slag hopper and is communicated with the inside of the slag hopper; the plasma melting furnace is arranged in the slag hopper and communicated with the inside of the slag hopper; the secondary combustion chamber is arranged above the slag hopper and communicated with the interior of the slag hopper, and flue gas generated in the rotary kiln and the plasma melting furnace is discharged into the secondary combustion chamber from the slag hopper. The utility model discloses a rotary kiln melting furnace integrated device utilizes rotary kiln and plasma melting furnace to fully burn and melt the formation vitreous body that makes it to solid waste, realizes decomposing by a wide margin of dioxin, gets rid of the lime-ash toxicity.

Description

Integrated device of melting furnace of rotary kiln
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a waste treatment technical field especially relates to a rotary kiln melting furnace integrated device.
Background
At present, incineration is the best treatment means for harmlessness and reduction of solid wastes. The solid waste incineration treatment mainly comprises a grate type, a fluidized bed type, a rotary kiln type and the like, and a secondary combustion chamber is generally arranged behind the solid waste incineration treatment for completely combusting the flue gas, so that the emission of gas pollutants is reduced. The rotary kiln has the characteristics of wide application range of the solid waste, large operation adjustable range and the like, and is favored by the industry. After the rotary kiln is burnt, a large amount of fly ash (5-10%) and bottom slag (20-30%) are generated, the heat discounting rate is high, a large amount of heavy metals and dioxin toxic and harmful substances are enriched, and huge ecological environment safety risks exist. For a long time, ash and slag as an intermediate product cannot be effectively treated, and most of the ash and slag are used for landfill, so that the ash and slag cannot be truly harmless. Therefore, the high-temperature melting of the ash is the ultimate means for making the waste harmless.
Generally, the ash residue of the rotary kiln is cooled and then conveyed into a melting furnace for heating and melting, so that the number of devices, the occupied area and the operation steps are increased, and the waste heat of the ash residue cannot be utilized.
Melting furnaces typically employ the high temperature of the plasma to melt the ash and, due to the life and instability of the heating equipment, require periodic maintenance. Meanwhile, due to the complex components of the solid waste, the quality and the form of the bottom slag of the rotary kiln cannot be accurately controlled, and abnormal conditions such as coking, blockage and the like of a slag hopper can occur. Therefore, there is a need for a device that can thoroughly clean solid waste, remove ash toxicity and hazardous waste labels, and ensure the operational stability of the equipment.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is to provide a rotary kiln melting furnace integrated device for thoroughly treating solid waste and removing the toxicity of ash.
The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted is: the integrated device of the melting furnace of the rotary kiln comprises the rotary kiln for burning solid wastes to form ash, a plasma melting furnace for melting the ash at high temperature to form a vitreous body, a secondary combustion chamber for performing secondary fuel treatment on flue gas and a slag hopper;
the rotary kiln is arranged on one side of the slag hopper and communicated with the interior of the slag hopper, and generated ash and smoke are discharged into the slag hopper; the plasma melting furnace is arranged at the lower part in the slag hopper, is communicated with the inside of the slag hopper and receives ash discharged into the slag hopper by the rotary kiln;
the secondary combustion chamber is arranged above the slag hopper and communicated with the interior of the slag hopper, and flue gas generated in the rotary kiln and the plasma melting furnace is discharged into the secondary combustion chamber from the slag hopper.
Preferably, the plasma melting furnace is located below the rotary kiln in a height direction of the slag hopper.
Preferably, the feed inlet of the plasma melting furnace penetrates through the side wall of the slag hopper and is positioned outside the slag hopper.
Preferably, the plasma generator and the heating electrode of the plasma melting furnace both extend from the slag bucket into the slag bucket and are inserted into the furnace wall of the plasma melting furnace.
Preferably, the bottom of the slag hopper is provided with an outlet which is oppositely communicated with the discharge hole of the plasma melting furnace.
Preferably, the rotary kiln melting furnace integrated device further comprises a slag tapping machine arranged below the outlet of the slag hopper.
Preferably, the secondary combustion chamber is provided with one or more tuyere layers arranged at intervals on the height of the secondary combustion chamber, and each tuyere layer comprises at least three secondary air inlets.
Preferably, the included angle between the secondary air inlet and the horizontal direction is +/-30 degrees; the incident angle of the secondary air inlet (4) is eccentric 0-20 degrees relative to the inner center of the secondary combustion chamber.
Preferably, the integrated device of the melting furnace of the rotary kiln further comprises an overhaul heat preservation unit which is arranged at the other side of the slag hopper and communicated with the inside of the slag hopper, and the plasma melting furnace can move into the overhaul heat preservation unit for heat preservation;
and a closed gate for controlling the on-off of the overhaul heat preservation unit and the slag hopper is arranged between the overhaul heat preservation unit and the slag hopper.
Preferably, the overhaul heat preservation unit comprises a heat preservation box body and an electric heating mechanism arranged on the heat preservation box body;
the heat preservation box body and the opposite side of the slag hopper are both opened, the heat preservation box body is connected with the opened side of the slag hopper through the opened side of the heat preservation box body, and the closed gate is movably arranged between the opened side of the heat preservation box body and the opened side of the slag hopper in an in-and-out mode.
Preferably, the rotary kiln melting furnace integrated device further comprises a moving guide unit arranged below the overhaul heat preservation unit and the plasma melting furnace, and the plasma melting furnace can move back and forth between the overhaul heat preservation unit and the inner part of the slag hopper along the moving guide unit.
Preferably, the movement guide unit includes a guide rail.
Preferably, the moving guide unit further comprises a driving mechanism connected to and driving the plasma melting furnace to move back and forth on the guide rail.
Preferably, the rotary kiln melting furnace integrated device further comprises a supporting steel frame; the slag hopper and the overhauling heat-insulating unit are arranged on the supporting steel frame.
The utility model has the advantages that: the solid waste is fully combusted and melted by using a rotary kiln and a plasma melting furnace to form a vitreous body, so that the dioxin is greatly decomposed, and the toxicity of ash is removed.
The plasma melting furnace is arranged inside the slag hopper, the advancing and retreating functions can be realized under special working conditions, the stability of the rotary kiln under the condition of the failure of the plasma melting furnace is improved, and the overall construction cost and operation and maintenance cost are greatly reduced.
Drawings
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and examples, wherein:
fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a rotary kiln melting furnace integrated device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a part of the rotary kiln melting furnace integrated device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly understand the technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the integrated device of the rotary kiln melting furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a slag bucket 10, a rotary kiln 20, a plasma melting furnace 30 and a secondary combustion chamber 40.
The slag hopper 10 is a hollow shell structure. The rotary kiln 20 is disposed at one side of the slag hopper 10 and communicated with the inside of the slag hopper 10, for burning the solid waste to form ash, and discharging the ash and the generated flue gas into the slag hopper 10. The plasma melting furnace 30 is arranged at the inner lower part of the slag hopper 10 and communicated with the inside of the slag hopper 10, receives ash discharged into the slag hopper 10, utilizes the waste heat of the ash and carries out high-temperature melting treatment on the ash to form a glass body, realizes the standard discharge of the product thermal ignition reduction rate and the effective decomposition of dioxin, and realizes the harmlessness and the reduction of solid wastes. The secondary combustion chamber 40 is arranged above the slag hopper 10 and communicated with the interior of the slag hopper 10, and flue gas generated in the rotary kiln 20 and the plasma melting furnace 30 is discharged into the secondary combustion chamber 40 from the slag hopper 10. The secondary combustion chamber 40 carries out secondary combustion treatment on the flue gas, and decomposes dioxin and other harmful components in the flue gas so as to reach the emission standard.
The slag hopper 10 can be of a square structure as a whole. The rotary kiln 20 is arranged on one side wall of the slag hopper 10, and a discharge port of the rotary kiln 20 is connected with or positioned in the slag hopper 10. Within the hopper 10, the top of the plasma melting furnace 30 is open or provided with an opening to access the ash. The plasma-melting furnace 30 is located below the rotary kiln 20 in the height direction of the slag hopper 10, so that ash generated in the rotary kiln 20 can directly fall into the plasma-melting furnace 30.
The feed inlet of the rotary kiln 20 is remote from the slag hopper 10 and is connected with a feeding device 21 for feeding solid waste into the rotary kiln 20. The feeding device 21 may be implemented by a feeding screw or the like in the prior art.
The plasma melting furnace 30 is supported on the inner bottom surface of the slag hopper 10 inside the slag hopper 10. In order not to influence the feeding of the plasma melting furnace 30 and the regulation and control of the high-temperature treatment process, a feeding hole 31 of the plasma melting furnace 30 penetrates through the side wall of the slag hopper 10 and is positioned outside the slag hopper 10, and a plasma generator 32 (such as a plasma torch) and a heating electrode 33 of the plasma melting furnace 30 also extend from the slag hopper 10 into the slag hopper 10 and are inserted into the furnace wall of the plasma melting furnace 30.
The heater electrode 33 is preferably a graphite rod or a molybdenum rod. The plasma generator 32 is preferably inserted in an inclined state through the side wall of the slag hopper 10 to the body of the plasma melting furnace 30.
An outlet (not shown) is provided at the bottom of the slag hopper 10 corresponding to an outlet (not shown) of the plasma melting furnace 30. The outlet of the slag hopper 10 is relatively communicated with the discharge hole of the plasma melting furnace 30, so that products such as glass bodies formed by high-temperature melting can be discharged conveniently.
To collect the product discharged from the bottom of the slag hopper 10, the rotary kiln melting furnace assembly also includes a slag extractor 50 disposed below the outlet of the slag hopper 10.
The second combustion chamber 40 is arranged above the slag hopper 10, so that a smoke outlet arranged at the top of the slag hopper 10 is communicated with a smoke inlet of the second combustion chamber 40, and smoke generated by the plasma melting furnace 30 and the rotary kiln 20 rises in the slag hopper 10 to the second combustion chamber 40 for secondary combustion. The exhaust port of the second combustion chamber 40 is provided at the top or upper end thereof.
In this embodiment, the secondary combustion chamber 40 has one or more tuyere layers, and the tuyere layers are arranged at intervals at the height of the secondary combustion chamber 40. Each tuyere layer preferably includes at least three overfire air inlets 41 arranged at intervals along the circumference of the furnace body of the secondary combustion chamber 40.
Preferably, the secondary air inlet 41 is arranged on the furnace wall of the secondary combustion chamber 40 in an upward or downward inclined manner, so that the included angle between the secondary air inlet 41 and the horizontal direction is +/-30 degrees, the introduced combustion-supporting air and the flue gas are uniformly mixed, and the combustion effect is improved. Further, the incident angle of the secondary air inlet 41 is eccentric by 0-20 degrees relative to the inner center of the secondary combustion chamber 40, and the mixing degree of the combustion-supporting air and the flue gas is further improved by adjusting the eccentric angle.
Further, the utility model discloses a rotary kiln melting furnace integrated device is still including setting up at the sediment fill 10 opposite side and with the inside maintenance heat preservation unit 60 that is linked together of sediment fill 10, plasma melting furnace 30 is portable keeps warm to in overhauing heat preservation unit 60. The maintenance heat preservation unit 60 has the advantages that when the plasma melting furnace 30 is in an abnormal working condition, the plasma melting furnace 30 can be moved to exit the slag hopper 10 to enter the maintenance heat preservation unit 60, follow-up maintenance and the like can be conveniently carried out on the plasma melting furnace, the normal slag discharge of the rotary kiln 20 is reserved, and the normal operation of the rotary kiln 20 is guaranteed.
A closed gate 70 for controlling the connection and disconnection between the overhaul heat preservation unit 60 and the slag hopper 10 is arranged between the overhaul heat preservation unit and the slag hopper. When the plasma melting furnace 30 normally runs in the slag hopper 10, the closed gate 70 isolates the overhaul heat preservation unit 60 from the slag hopper 10; when the plasma melting furnace 30 is abnormal, the closed gate 70 is opened, the plasma melting furnace 30 is pushed into the maintenance heat-preservation unit 60, and then the maintenance heat-preservation unit 60 is isolated from the slag hopper 10.
Specifically, the service heat-insulating unit 60 may include a heat-insulating box 61, and an electric heating mechanism 62 provided on the heat-insulating box 61.
The opposite sides of the heat insulation box body 61 and the slag bucket 10 are both open, the heat insulation box body 61 is connected with the open side of the slag bucket 10 through the open side, and the closed gate 70 is movably arranged between the open side of the heat insulation box body 61 and the open side of the slag bucket 10 in an in-and-out mode. The closed gate 79 can enter and exit between the open side of the heat insulation box body 61 and the open side of the slag hopper 10 in a mode of moving up and down or moving left and right, and the two open sides are communicated or separated.
The utility model discloses a rotary kiln melting furnace integrated device is still including setting up at the removal guide unit 80 of examining and repairing heat preservation unit 60 and plasma melting furnace 30 below, and plasma melting furnace 30 can be along removal guide unit 80 the round trip movement between examining and repairing heat preservation unit 60 and slag bucket 10 inside.
Alternatively, the movement guide unit 80 includes a guide rail 81, preferably two guide rails 81 disposed at an opposite interval. The guide rail 81 is laid on the bottom of the maintenance and warm-keeping unit 60 and the plasma-melting furnace 30 so that the plasma-melting furnace 30 can enter and exit the maintenance and warm-keeping unit 60 along the guide rail 81.
Of course, the moving guide unit 80 may further include a driving mechanism (not shown) connected to and driving the plasma melting furnace 30 to move back and forth on the guide rail 81. The driving mechanism may include a motor, a cylinder, or the like.
In addition, the rotary kiln melting furnace integrated device also comprises a supporting steel frame 90; the slag hopper 10 and the overhaul heat preservation unit 60 are arranged on the support steel frame 90. The support steelframe 90 props up the slag bucket 10 in the mucking machine 50 top, supports steelframe 90 to overhauls the support of heat preservation unit 60, makes it can be with the same height of slag bucket 10, and avoids gravity to transmit the slag bucket 10.
Understandably, in the utility model, the side walls of the rotary kiln 20, the secondary combustion chamber 40, the slag hopper 10, the overhaul heat preservation unit 60 and the like are all of a multilayer structure consisting of a steel layer, a heat preservation material and a refractory material; the refractory material can be corundum brick, etc.
The utility model discloses a when rotary kiln melting furnace integrated device moves, impel the rotary kiln 20 through feed arrangement 21 with solid waste and burn, through the upset of certain time and remove to the 20 afterbody of rotary kiln, burn the lime-ash after complete and fall into plasma melting furnace 30 through sediment fill 10. The plasma melting furnace 30 is heated by mixing a plasma torch and the heating electrode 33, and the unburned substances in the ash are sufficiently burned by high temperature to completely decompose harmful components such as dioxin in the ash. The ash slag is mixed with fly ash and molten formula materials added through a feed inlet 31 of the plasma melting furnace 30 to form stable molten materials, and the molten materials are cooled by a slag discharging machine 50 below to form glass bodies. The flue gas generated in the rotary kiln 20 and the plasma melting furnace 30 passes through the secondary combustion chamber 40 and is subjected to secondary combustion in cooperation with secondary air supply. When the temperature is lower than 1100 ℃, an auxiliary burner on the secondary combustion chamber 40 is started to raise the temperature, so that the gas in the secondary combustion chamber 40 is fully combusted.
When the plasma melting furnace 30 needs to be shut down, the plasma melting furnace 30 is moved into the maintenance heat preservation unit 60 through the movable guide unit 80 after water and electricity are cut off, the closed gate 70 is put down to play an isolation role, ash slag discharged from the rotary kiln 20 directly falls into the slag extractor 50 through the slag hopper 10 to be cooled, the maintenance heat preservation unit 60 controls the temperature through the electric heating mechanism 62 to enable the plasma melting furnace 30 to be cooled according to a program, and the maintenance work is carried out on the plasma melting furnace 30 after the temperature is proper.
The above only is the embodiment of the present invention, not limiting the patent scope of the present invention, all the equivalent structures or equivalent processes that are used in the specification and the attached drawings or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (14)

1. A rotary kiln melting furnace integrated device is characterized by comprising a rotary kiln for burning solid wastes to form ash, a plasma melting furnace for melting the ash at a high temperature to form a vitreous body, a secondary combustion chamber for performing secondary fuel treatment on flue gas, and a slag hopper;
the rotary kiln is arranged on one side of the slag hopper and communicated with the interior of the slag hopper, and generated ash and smoke are discharged into the slag hopper; the plasma melting furnace is arranged at the lower part in the slag hopper, is communicated with the inside of the slag hopper and receives ash discharged into the slag hopper by the rotary kiln;
the secondary combustion chamber is arranged above the slag hopper and communicated with the interior of the slag hopper, and flue gas generated in the rotary kiln and the plasma melting furnace is discharged into the secondary combustion chamber from the slag hopper.
2. The rotary kiln melter assembly of claim 1 wherein the plasma melter is located below the rotary kiln in a height direction of the slag hopper.
3. The rotary kiln melting furnace integrated device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the feed inlet of the plasma melting furnace is located outside the slag hopper through a side wall of the slag hopper.
4. The rotary kiln melting furnace integrated device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plasma generator and the heating electrode of the plasma melting furnace both extend from the slag hopper into the slag hopper and are inserted on the furnace wall of the plasma melting furnace.
5. The rotary kiln melting furnace integrated device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom of the slag hopper is provided with an outlet in opposite communication with the discharge port of the plasma melting furnace.
6. The rotary kiln melting furnace integrated device as claimed in claim 5, further comprising a slag tapping machine disposed below the outlet of the slag hopper.
7. The rotary kiln melter integrated device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the secondary combustion chamber has one or more tuyere layers spaced apart at the height of the secondary combustion chamber, each tuyere layer comprising at least three overfire air inlets.
8. The rotary kiln melting furnace integrated device as recited in claim 7, wherein the secondary air inlet forms an angle of ± 30 ° with the horizontal direction; the incident angle of the secondary air inlet (4) is eccentric 0-20 degrees relative to the inner center of the secondary combustion chamber.
9. The rotary kiln melting furnace integrated device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a maintenance heat preservation unit arranged on the other side of the slag hopper and communicated with the inside of the slag hopper, wherein the plasma melting furnace can move into the maintenance heat preservation unit for heat preservation;
and a closed gate for controlling the on-off of the overhaul heat preservation unit and the slag hopper is arranged between the overhaul heat preservation unit and the slag hopper.
10. The rotary kiln melting furnace integrated device as recited in claim 9, wherein the overhaul and heat preservation unit comprises a heat preservation box body and an electric heating mechanism arranged on the heat preservation box body;
the heat preservation box body and the opposite side of the slag hopper are both opened, the heat preservation box body is connected with the opened side of the slag hopper through the opened side of the heat preservation box body, and the closed gate is movably arranged between the opened side of the heat preservation box body and the opened side of the slag hopper in an in-and-out mode.
11. The rotary kiln melter assembly of claim 9 further comprising a moving guide unit disposed below the service and holding unit and the plasma melter, the plasma melter being movable back and forth along the moving guide unit between the service and holding unit and the interior of the slag hopper.
12. The rotary kiln melter assembly of claim 11 wherein the moving guide unit comprises a guide rail.
13. The rotary kiln melter assembly of claim 12 wherein the moving guide unit further comprises a drive mechanism coupled to and driving the plasma melter to traverse the guide rail.
14. The rotary kiln melter assembly of claim 11 further comprising a support steel frame; the slag hopper and the overhauling heat-insulating unit are arranged on the supporting steel frame.
CN202023044098.0U 2020-12-16 2020-12-16 Integrated device of melting furnace of rotary kiln Active CN214249633U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202023044098.0U CN214249633U (en) 2020-12-16 2020-12-16 Integrated device of melting furnace of rotary kiln

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202023044098.0U CN214249633U (en) 2020-12-16 2020-12-16 Integrated device of melting furnace of rotary kiln

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CN214249633U true CN214249633U (en) 2021-09-21

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114234200A (en) * 2021-12-06 2022-03-25 南京创能电力科技开发有限公司 Dangerous waste treatment device for rotary kiln and plasma melting furnace

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114234200A (en) * 2021-12-06 2022-03-25 南京创能电力科技开发有限公司 Dangerous waste treatment device for rotary kiln and plasma melting furnace

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