JP5588045B1 - Fluidized incinerator and method for incineration of processed materials using the fluidized incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

[PROBLEMS] To reduce the amount of auxiliary fuel used, improve fuel consumption, reduce equipment costs, and prevent damage to the incinerator main body even at the time of an incineration operation or in the event of an emergency stop such as a power failure. A simple fluidized incinerator.
A fluidized incinerator that incinerates a processed material supplied in an incinerator main body 1 together with a fluidized medium 5 filled in the incinerator main body 1 with fluidizing air. Is covered with an outer shell 10 spaced from the surface, and a jacket having an air inlet 11A and an air outlet 11B between the outer shell 10 and the surface of the incinerator body 1 is provided. A portion 11 is formed, and an air discharge port 11B of the jacket portion 11 is connected to a supply means 6 for supplying air for flow into the incinerator main body 1, and the jacket portion 11 includes the inside of the jacket portion 11. An opening means 14 that opens to the atmosphere is provided to be openable and closable.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a fluidized incinerator and a method for incinerating a processed product using the fluidized incinerator.

  For example, as described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, the fluidized incinerator is a fluid such as sewage sludge or municipal waste that has been supplied into the incinerator main body and the treated material such as dredged sand filled in the incinerator main body. Along with the medium, it is dispersed by flowing with flowing air, and is burned and incinerated using auxiliary fuel as necessary. The incinerator main body of such a fluidized incinerator is generally formed by an outer wall having a surface made of steel or the like, and a refractory material is attached to the inner surface of the outer wall.

JP 2003-83522 A JP 2004-60927 A

  However, the fluidized incinerator having such a structure has a large amount of heat dissipated, and the surface temperature of the outer wall during the incineration operation is, for example, about 80 ° C to 100 ° C. For this reason, the amount of auxiliary fuel required during operation increases and the fuel consumption also decreases. In addition, since such a fluid incinerator is usually installed indoors, the indoor temperature rises and the working environment of maintenance workers deteriorates, so a relatively large ventilation facility is required, and the equipment cost increases. End up. Furthermore, it is necessary to take measures to prevent the operator from being burned accidentally, which also increases the cost.

  The present invention has been made under such a background, and in the fluidized incinerator as described above, the incinerator main body and its surroundings are prevented from becoming too hot, reducing the amount of auxiliary fuel used, improving fuel consumption, and equipment. Fluidized incineration that can reduce costs and prevent damage to the incinerator body even in the event of an emergency stop such as the end of a normal incineration operation or a power outage It aims at providing the incineration method of the processed material using this furnace and this fluidized incinerator.

In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve such an object, the fluidized incinerator of the present invention flows the processed material supplied into the incinerator body together with the fluid medium filled in the incinerator body. A fluidized incinerator that incinerates while flowing with industrial air, the surface of the incinerator body being covered with an outer shell spaced from the surface, and between the outer shell and the surface of the incinerator body Is formed with a jacket portion having an air introduction port and an air discharge port, and the air discharge port of the jacket portion is connected to a supply means for supplying the flow air into the incinerator body. The jacket portion is provided with an opening means for opening and closing the inside of the jacket portion to the atmosphere, and an opening is formed at one of the upper and lower ends of the jacket portion. , An opening portion is placed in the said air inlet, said opening means, characterized in that provided on the other end portion of the ends of the upper and lower of the jacket portion.

  Further, in the method for incineration of a processed product of the present invention using the fluidized incinerator having such a configuration, the air introduced from the air inlet and heated in the jacket portion is used as the fluidized air by the supply means. It is supplied into the incinerator main body and incinerated while flowing the treated material together with the fluid medium, and when the incineration operation in the incinerator main body is stopped, the inside of the jacket portion is opened to the atmosphere by the opening means. Features.

  In the fluidized incinerator having the above-described configuration and the method for incinerating the processed product using the fluidized incinerator, the surface of the incinerator main body is covered with an outer shell spaced apart from the surface to form a jacket portion. By insulating the incinerator main body with air introduced from the air inlet into the jacket portion, it is possible to reduce the amount of heat dissipated and avoid the surroundings from becoming high temperature. Further, the high-temperature air heated by itself insulates the main body of the incinerator in this way is supplied into the incinerator main body as air for flow from the air discharge port of the jacket portion by the supply means, and the processed material flows together with the fluid medium. Since incineration is performed, the incineration efficiency can be improved.

  Therefore, according to the fluidized incinerator and the incineration method having the above-described configuration, it is possible to improve the fuel consumption of the auxiliary fuel by reducing the amount of heat dissipated, to reduce the amount of use, and to reduce the operating cost. . In addition, since the temperature around the outer shell outside the incinerator body decreases, the ventilation equipment can be made smaller and unnecessary, and equipment for preventing burns of workers can be simplified or unnecessary. Therefore, the equipment cost can be reduced.

  By the way, when the surface of the incinerator main body is covered with the outer shell in this way, when the supply means is stopped at the end of the normal incineration operation in the incinerator main body, a power failure etc. When the supply means is stopped, the air in the jacket portion is not discharged from the air discharge port, so that the introduced air stays in the jacket portion. As a result, the insulated incinerator main body becomes too hot, and the outer shell also becomes hot due to radiant heat from the surface of the incinerator main body, and the incinerator main body and the outer shell are damaged by heat. May occur.

On the other hand, the fluidized incinerator having the above-described configuration is provided with an openable means for opening and closing the inside of the jacket portion to the atmosphere. In the incineration method , the openable means is closed during normal operation. When the supply means stops due to the end of operation or power failure, etc., and the incineration operation in the incinerator main body stops, the inside of the jacket part is released to the atmosphere by this opening means, so that the high-temperature air in the jacket part is released and incinerated. It is possible to avoid the furnace body and the outer shell from becoming hot. For this reason, it is possible to prevent the incinerator main body and the outer shell from being damaged by heat even at the end of the normal incineration operation or in the event of an emergency stop such as an emergency power failure.

  Here, the opening means may be one that is manually opened by an operator at the end of such operation or at an emergency stop, but the jacket automatically when the incineration operation in the incinerator body is stopped. It is desirable to open the inside to the atmosphere. For example, as such an opening means, an air-operated damper that opens the inside of the jacket portion when supply of flow air by a supply means such as a blower is stopped is used, or when the supply means is electrically operated, It is possible to use an electromagnetic valve which is closed and is opened when the supply means is stopped at the end of operation or when no power is supplied such as a power failure.

In the fluidized incinerator of the present invention, an opening is formed at one of the upper and lower ends of the jacket, and the opening serves as the air inlet, and the opening means. Is provided at the other end of the upper and lower ends of the jacket portion . As a result, when the inside of the jacket part is opened to the atmosphere by the opening means when the operation is stopped, the high-temperature air in the jacket part rises and is released from the opening means as the opening means or the air inlet at the upper end part of the jacket part. Because the inside of the jacket part becomes negative pressure and the ambient low-temperature air is sucked from the opening or opening means as the air inlet at the lower end of the jacket part, incineration without requiring power even during an emergency stop such as a power failure The furnace body can be cooled.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the amount of heat dissipated in the incinerator main body can be reduced to improve fuel efficiency and reduce the amount of auxiliary fuel used, and supply high-temperature fluid air. The incineration efficiency is also improved, and the fluidized incinerator can be operated at a low cost. In addition, since the surroundings can be prevented from becoming hot, ventilation equipment, burn prevention equipment, and the like can be simplified or eliminated, and equipment costs can be reduced. Furthermore, since the incinerator body and outer shell can be prevented from becoming hot even during a normal operation stop or an emergency stop such as a power failure, the damage to the incinerator body or outer shell due to heat can be prevented. Is possible.

It is sectional drawing which shows the outline of one Embodiment of the fluid incinerator of this invention. It is a top view of embodiment shown in FIG.

  1 and 2 show an embodiment of the fluidized incinerator of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the incinerator main body 1 has a substantially cylindrical shape whose body portion extends vertically, and an upper portion and a lower portion are formed in a conical shape coaxial with the body portion whose diameter decreases toward the upper side and the lower side, respectively. Yes. The lower end portion of the incinerator body 1 is provided with an outlet 1A for removing residues generated by incineration, and the upper end portion is provided with an exhaust port 1B for combustion exhaust gas. The exhaust port 1B is connected to an exhaust pipe (not shown). ing.

  The surface of the incinerator main body 1 is formed by an outer wall 2 made of a metal material such as steel, and a refractory material 3 such as a castable refractory material is attached to the inner surface of the outer wall 2. Such an incinerator body 1 is erected with the periphery of the lower part fixed to and supported by a cylindrical gantry 1C with the center line of the cylinder formed by the body portion vertical.

  Further, at the bottom of the incinerator main body 1, blowing means 4 for blowing fluid air into the incinerator main body 1 is provided. In this embodiment, in this embodiment, a large number of blow holes are opened obliquely downward in a blow pipe inserted laterally into the bottom of the incinerator main body 1 so that the flow air blown into the blow pipe is blown out from the blow holes. The blowing nozzle 4A is used. Further, the incinerator main body 1 is provided with a workpiece inlet, an auxiliary burner, and the like, all not shown.

  In addition, as described in Patent Document 1, for example, the blowing means 4 has a large number of caps projecting from a plate-like member laid on the bottom of the incinerator main body 1, and these caps are provided with plate-like members. A nozzle hole that extends upward from the lower side and opens obliquely downward toward the upper surface of the plate-like member is formed, and the flowing air blown below the plate-like member is ejected from the nozzle hole onto the plate-like member. It may be a dispersion plate. Further, the incinerator body 1 is filled with a fluid medium 5 such as cinnabar sand to a predetermined height.

  The blowing means 4 is connected to a supply means 6 for air flow such as an electric blower 6 A shown in FIG. 1. The supply means 6 is connected via a flow rate adjusting valve 7 and an on-off valve 8. An air preheater 9 is connected. The air preheater 9 preheats the air sucked by the supply means 6 through the silencer 9A by exchanging heat with, for example, high-temperature combustion exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust port 1B. is there.

  And the surface of the said outer wall 2 of the incinerator main body 1 is covered with the outer shell 10 spaced apart from this surface, and thereby, between the outer shell 10 and the outer wall 2 surface of the incinerator main body 1. A hollow jacket portion 11 is formed. The outer shell 10 is formed of a metal material such as a steel material like the outer wall 2, and its body portion is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape that is slightly larger than the body portion of the incinerator main body 1. It is attached so as to have a substantially constant distance from the surface.

  Further, the upper part of the outer shell 10 has a conical shape that is slightly larger than the upper part of the outer wall 2 that is reduced in diameter as it goes upward as in the upper part of the outer wall 2, but its upper end is an exhaust port of the incinerator body 1. It is airtightly joined to the outer wall 2 around 1B. On the other hand, the lower part of the outer shell 10 has a cylindrical shape that is slightly larger than the lower end of the trunk part of the incinerator main body 1, and the lower end of the outer shell 10 is equal to the distance between the outer periphery of the upper end of the gantry 1C. It is opened in an annular shape so as to leave a gap, and the opening is used as the air inlet 11A of the jacket portion 11 in this embodiment.

  On the other hand, an air discharge port 11B of the jacket portion 11 is formed in the upper portion of the outer shell 10, and an air discharge pipe 11C is connected to the air discharge port 11B. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, a plurality (four) of air discharge ports 11B are formed around the exhaust port 1B of the incinerator main body 1 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. A cylindrical air discharge pipe 11C is joined so as to extend vertically upward.

  Further, a connecting pipe having a U-shape or U-shape so as to surround the exhaust port 1B of the incinerator main body 1 in a top view as shown in FIG. 12 is connected so as not to interfere with the exhaust pipe and communicated with each air discharge pipe 11C. Further, the connecting pipe 12 is connected to the flow air supply means 6 (blower 6 </ b> A) via the on-off valve 13 and the flow rate adjusting valve 7. The upper end of each air discharge pipe 11C is opened so as to form an annular shape when viewed from above.

  And in this embodiment, the opening means 14 is provided so that opening and closing is provided between this upper end part of the air exhaust pipe 11C, and the center part to which the connecting pipe 12 was connected, and this opening means 14 is opened. Thus, the upper part in the jacket part 11 can be opened to the atmosphere via the air discharge port 11B and the air discharge pipe 11C. Here, the opening means 14 is a damper or a valve, which is closed during a normal incineration operation in the incinerator main body 1 and is supplied when the supply means 6 is stopped at the end of the normal incineration operation or due to a power failure or the like. When the electric blower 6A as the means 6 is brought to an emergency stop or the like, it is opened, and the inside of the jacket portion 11 is opened to the atmosphere as described above.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the opening means 14 is automatically opened when such a supply means 6 is stopped to open the inside of the jacket portion 11 to the atmosphere. As such an opening means 14, an air-operated damper that is closed while the flow air is supplied by the supply means 6 and is opened when the supply is stopped, or an electric blower that is the supply means 6. It is possible to use a solenoid valve that is closed while 6A is energized and is in operation, and is opened when operation is stopped at the end of the operation or when no power is applied such as a power failure.

  In one embodiment of the incineration method of the present invention using the fluidized incinerator configured as described above, when the normal incineration operation starts, the opening means 14 is closed and opened and closed as described above. The valve 13 is also closed and the on-off valve 8 is opened. Then, by operating the supply means 6, the air is sucked from the air preheater 9 through the silencer 9 </ b> A while adjusting the flow rate by the flow rate adjusting valve 7, and the air for flowing from the blowing means 4 into the incinerator main body 1. The fluid medium 5 is fluidized.

  In addition, a treated product made of waste such as sewage sludge and municipal waste is introduced from the inlet, and is finely crushed by being flowed together with the fluidized medium 5 and burned by an auxiliary burner. Incinerated. The incinerator main body 1 is heated by this incineration, and the combustion exhaust gas generated by the incineration is discharged from the exhaust port 1B through the exhaust pipe and cleaned, and flows in the air preheater 9 as described above. It is cooled by exchanging heat with industrial air and released into the atmosphere.

  Thus, when the incinerator operation is started in the incinerator main body 1 and the incinerator main body 1 is heated, the on-off valve 13 is opened while the opening means 14 is closed. As a result, as shown by arrows in FIG. 1 and FIG. While being sucked by the blower 6A of the supply means 6 and supplied to the incinerator main body 1 as flowing air, the air is introduced into the jacket portion 11 from the air inlet 11A to insulate the incinerator main body 1, and the fluidized incinerator The amount of heat dissipated from is reduced.

  Accordingly, in the fluidized incinerator having the above-described configuration and the method for incineration of processed materials using the fluidized incinerator, when the amount of heat dissipated from the fluidized incinerator is reduced during the normal incineration operation, the auxiliary fuel is used. The fuel consumption can be improved, and the usage amount of auxiliary fuel can be reduced to reduce the operating cost. Further, the high-temperature air heated to about 80 ° C. to 200 ° C. in the jacket portion 11 and discharged from the air discharge port 11B is flowed air heated by the air preheater 9 by the supply means 6 as flow air. In addition, since it is supplied into the incinerator main body 1 and used for incineration of the processed material, incineration efficiency can be improved.

  Furthermore, the amount of heat dissipated from the fluidized incinerator is reduced in this way, so that the surface temperature of the fluidized incinerator, that is, the surface temperature of the outer shell 10 can be reduced to, for example, about 50 ° C. Therefore, the building in which the fluidized incinerator is installed can be prevented from becoming hot, and the ventilation equipment for ventilating the hot building can be downsized, or in some cases, no ventilation equipment is required. can do. Moreover, even if the operator accidentally touches the surface of the fluidized incinerator, there is little risk of burns, so that the equipment for preventing burns can be simplified or unnecessary, and the equipment cost can be reduced.

  On the other hand, when the incineration operation of the processed material is performed as described above and the normal incineration process is completed as scheduled, or a power failure or the like occurs during the incineration process, the electric blower 6A as the supply means 6 or other In the incineration method of this embodiment, when the incineration operation has to be interrupted due to the stop of the electrical equipment, the inside of the jacket portion 11 is opened to the atmosphere by the opening means 14. That is, by opening the damper or valve of the opening means 14, the inside of the jacket portion 11 is communicated with the upper end opening of the air discharge pipe 11C through the air discharge port 11B, the air discharge pipe 11C, and the opening means 14.

  Therefore, by this, the high-temperature air that stays in the jacket portion 11 due to the stop of the supply means 6 and is heated by the preheating of the incinerator main body 1 is discharged to the atmosphere from the opening at the upper end of the air discharge pipe 11C. Then, instead of the high-temperature air thus discharged, the air introduction port 11A below the jacket portion 11 sucks and introduces air having a temperature lower than that of the discharged air into the jacket portion 11, so that the supply means Even if 6 is stopped, the incinerator body 1 and the outer shell 10 can be cooled.

  As described above, according to the fluidized incinerator having the above-described configuration and the method for incineration of processed materials using the fluidized incinerator, the incinerator can be used not only at the end of a normal incineration operation but also at an emergency stop such as a power failure. The main body 1 and the outer shell 10 can be prevented from becoming high temperature, and the incinerator main body 1 and the outer shell 10 can be prevented from being damaged by heat. In addition, it is possible to prevent the surroundings of the fluid incinerator from becoming hot even at the end of such operation or during an emergency stop, so the ventilation equipment and the burn prevention equipment are also downsized, simplified, or unnecessary. be able to.

  Further, in the fluidized incinerator of the present embodiment, the opening means 14 for opening the inside of the jacket portion 11 to the atmosphere can be opened and closed as described above, and automatically when the incineration operation in the incinerator main body 1 is stopped. The jacket portion 11 is opened to the atmosphere. For this reason, even during an emergency stop, high-temperature air in the jacket portion 11 can be quickly released without waiting for the operator's operation, and damage to the incinerator main body 1 and the outer shell 10 due to heat can be ensured. It becomes possible to prevent.

  Further, in the fluidized incinerator of the present embodiment, the lower end portion of the jacket portion 11 is opened in an annular shape to form an air introduction port 11A, and the opening means 14 is connected to the upper end portion of the jacket portion 11 with an air discharge pipe. When the inside of the jacket portion 11 is opened to the atmosphere by the opening means 14, the air in the high temperature jacket portion 11 rises and is discharged from the air discharge pipe 11 </ b> C. Thus, the low temperature atmosphere is sucked from the air inlet 11A. For this reason, it is possible to cool the incinerator main body 1 without requiring power even during an emergency stop such as a power failure, and it is possible to reliably prevent thermal damage to the incinerator main body 1 and the outer shell 10.

  However, in this embodiment, the air introduction port 11A is provided at the lower end portion of the jacket portion 11 as described above, and the opening means 14 is connected to the air discharge pipe 11C connected to the air discharge port 11B at the upper end portion of the jacket portion 11. In contrast to this, the air inlet 11A is provided at the upper end of the jacket portion 11 and the air outlet 11B is provided at the lower end of the jacket portion 11 and connected to the supply means 6 to open the means. 14 may also be provided at the lower end of the jacket portion 11.

  In such a case, when the lower part in the jacket part 11 is opened to the atmosphere by the opening means 14 when the supply means 6 is stopped at the end of the incineration operation or at the time of emergency stop, the temperature is increased from the air inlet 11A at the upper end. Air is discharged and, instead, low-temperature air is sucked into the jacket portion 11 and introduced from the opening means 14. Therefore, similarly to the above-described embodiment, it is possible to cool the incinerator main body 1 and the outer shell 10 to prevent thermal damage and the like.

  In the above embodiment, the opening means 14 is provided in the air discharge pipe 11C connected to the air discharge port 11B, and the jacket portion is interposed via the air discharge pipe 11C and the connecting pipe 12 during normal incineration operation. 11 is sent to the supply means 6, while when the supply means 6 is stopped at the end of the incineration operation or at an emergency stop, the release means 14 is opened, and the high-temperature air is also returned to the atmosphere via the air discharge pipe 11 </ b> C. The opening means 14 is configured to be openable and closable at a position different from the air discharge pipe 11C and the air discharge port 11B so as to open the inside of the jacket portion 11 to the atmosphere. It may be.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Incinerator main body 4 Blowing means 5 Fluid medium 6 Supply means 10 Outer shell 11 Jacket part 11A Air introduction port 11B Air discharge port 11C Air discharge pipe 14 Opening means

Claims (3)

A fluidized incinerator that incinerates the processed material supplied into the incinerator main body while flowing with the fluid medium together with the fluid medium filled in the incinerator main body,
The surface of the incinerator body is covered with an outer shell spaced from the surface, and a jacket having an air inlet and an air outlet between the outer shell and the surface of the incinerator body Part is formed,
The air outlet of the jacket portion is connected to a supply means for supplying the flow air into the incinerator main body, and an opening means for opening the inside of the jacket portion to the atmosphere can be opened and closed on the jacket portion. have provided to,
An opening is formed at one of the upper and lower ends of the jacket portion, and the opening serves as the air introduction port. The opening means includes the upper and lower ends of the jacket portion. A fluidized incinerator characterized by being provided at the other end .   2. The fluidized incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the opening means automatically opens the inside of the jacket portion to the atmosphere when the incineration operation in the incinerator main body is stopped. A method for incineration of a processed product using the fluidized incinerator according to claim 1 or 2 ,
The air introduced from the air inlet and heated in the jacket is supplied to the incinerator main body as the flow air by the supply means, and incinerated while flowing the processed material together with the fluid medium. ,
When the incineration operation in the incinerator is stopped, the inside of the jacket is opened to the atmosphere by the opening means.

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