JP2002364836A - Incinerator, and heat exchanger tank and ejector for incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an incinerator vaporizing and melting refuse for the complete combustion of it by effectively utilizing exhaust heat. SOLUTION: An ejector 31 is provided at the boundary of the combustion chamber of the incinerator provided with a primary combustion chamber 12 and a secondary combustion chamber 13 to transfer the unburned gas of the primary combustion chamber to the secondary combustion chamber while sucking and burning it. The exhaust gas that has finished to be burned in the secondary combustion chamber 13 is allowed to flow into a high-temperature gas supply inlet 56 of a heat exchanger tank 51 through a high-temperature gas flow path 81, and separated into the gas at a high temperature containing a large amount of oxygen and the gas at a low temperature containing a large amount of carbon dioxide inside it by utilizing the differences in temperature and specific gravity. The gas at the high temperature containing a large amount of oxygen is returned to the primary combustion chamber 15 through a high-temperature gas reflux flow path 82 by using the negative pressure of the ejector 31, and refuse is further vaporized and burned by this high-temperature gas. The principal part of the part exposed to the high temperature can be manufactured of only a refractory material, and the fusion point of the refractory material is high as compared with metal materials. Thus, the problem of metal corrosion is solved while providing a simpler structure more than a conventional one, so as to permit the refuse to be incinerated completely at higher temperatures.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to an incinerator. In detail, when incinerating waste such as general waste, medical waste, industrial waste including tires, waste oil, kitchen waste, etc., it is possible to incinerate so as not to cause pollution such as air pollution by combustion exhaust gas. About incinerators. Further, the present invention can be applied to all furnaces that obtain heat by burning fuel, such as a boiler, a heating furnace, and a kiln.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional waste incineration technique, an object to be burned is heated in a primary combustion chamber to partially burn and carbonize, and unburned gas generated by carbonization is added to air in a secondary combustion chamber. The technique of reburning is known, and the burnable material is converted into a gas that can be easily burned and then completely burned, and the organic toxic substances (for example, dioxin etc.) contained in the unburned material are thermally decomposed. And control emissions.
(See Japanese Patent No. 3100572)

Further, the heat of the high-temperature exhaust gas generated by the incineration is conducted to the air for supplying into the incinerator by using a heat exchanger, and the high-temperature exhaust gas is supplied to the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber. Techniques for supplying air for use are also known. further,
In order to discharge the exhaust gas staying in the incinerator, an induction blower is provided on a flow path of the exhaust gas of the incinerator, and a technique of sucking the exhaust gas in the incinerator and discharging the exhaust gas to a chimney is also known. . In addition, conventional incinerators have material problems,
The combustion temperature tends to be suppressed, and as an example, the inside of the secondary combustion chamber is currently operated at a temperature of about 950 ° C.

[0004]

[0004]

However, in order to generate unburned gas from the burning object by the partial combustion and carbonization, it is necessary to keep the inside of the primary combustion chamber including the burning object at a high temperature. For example, when incinerating garbage that contains a lot of water, a separate heat source that consumes fuel, such as an auxiliary burner that burns using fossil combustion, is installed inside the primary combustion chamber, etc. to dry and heat the burned material. In order to continuously consume fossil combustion, waste incineration required a certain running cost.

In addition, the heat exchanger is often made of a metal material. If a high-temperature exhaust gas is directly used as a heat source, the heat exchanger itself is melted by overheating, the surface is rapidly deteriorated by oxidation, and furthermore, Is that chlorine gas in the exhaust gas generated when vinyl chloride is burned and water vapor in the exhaust gas are rapidly cooled on the surface of the heat exchanger, causing condensation, compounding,
There has been a problem that ionization forms hydrochloric acid, corrodes the heat exchanger, and damages the heat conducting surface on the exhaust gas passage of the heat exchanger. Similarly, the induction blower also has a problem of melting and corrosion as in the case of the heat exchanger, since the interior of the blower including the blade portion is exposed to the exhaust gas. Similarly, since the main body of the ejector is made of metal,
Like the heat exchanger, there is a problem of melting and corrosion.

[0006] Due to the above-mentioned problems, whether the exhaust gas supplied to the heat exchanger is a gas cooled to a certain temperature or lower in the previous process, or an exhaust gas from which corrosive substances are removed in the previous process is used. Or, it is necessary to cover the surface of the heat exchanger with a material having excellent corrosion resistance, and it is practically, technically, and further difficult to replace the heat of exhaust gas with supply air with high efficiency. is there.

As an example, the inside of the secondary combustion chamber is 9
There is a current state of operation at a temperature of about 50 ° C., and the temperature does not reach a temperature at which incinerated ash can be melted. Similarly, even if a melting tank is provided in the primary combustion chamber for melting incinerated ash that is carbonized and contains a large amount of carbon, the incinerated ash is collected in the melting tank, and pure oxygen is supplied therein and burned. It is difficult to raise the temperature to the primary combustion chamber.

In view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, the present invention provides an incinerator capable of drying, carbonizing, gasifying, burning, and melting an object to be burned with high thermal efficiency, and a heat exchange necessary for constituting the incinerator. Means and means for transporting high-temperature gas, combustibles are completely combusted by vaporization at high temperatures to decompose organic toxic substances, thereby reducing emissions and responding to air pollution problems. It is an object of the present invention to provide a means for facilitating melting, reducing the volume, and responding to the problem of depletion of landfills.

[0009]

The present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1 as an example. As shown in FIG. 1, a burnable material, for example, general waste discharged from a city is received and stored, and is dried at a high temperature. A primary combustion chamber 12 maintained in a reducing atmosphere for carbonization, combustion, etc., and an object to be burned is heated and partially burned in the primary combustion chamber 12 to decompose an organic substance and to remove combustible unburned gas generated by vaporization. In an incinerator provided with a secondary combustion chamber 13 for reburning, a blowing means 38 for generating high-pressure air and a high-pressure secondary combustion air supplied from the blowing means 38 are supplied to the secondary combustion chamber 13. The atmosphere including the unburned gas staying in the primary combustion chamber 12 is sucked by utilizing the negative pressure generated by the injection in the vicinity direction, and the sucked unburned gas and the secondary combustion air are mixed and burned. Let me
An ejector 31 provided at a boundary between the primary combustion chamber 12 and the secondary combustion chamber 13 for discharging a mixture of unburned gas and air, a compound generated by combustion, a flame, and the like to the secondary combustion chamber 13; Communication means 3 for communicating the outlet of the blowing means 38 with the air supply flow path 34 of the ejector 31 to supply the high-pressure air generated at 38 to the ejector;
9, a container having an inner surface covered with a heat-resistant member and having at least three openings formed at different heights is provided as a heat exchange tank 51 in the incinerator.
Of the three locations, the opening located in the vicinity of the top of the three locations is defined as the hot gas outlet 54, and the opening located below the hot gas outlet is defined as the combustion gas inlet 5
6. An opening located vertically below the combustion gas inlet 56 is defined as a low-temperature gas outlet 55, and
The outlet 1 of the secondary combustion chamber is used to supply the high-temperature gas remaining in the secondary combustion chamber 3 to the heat exchange tank 51 using the pressure generated in the secondary combustion chamber 13 by the action of the ejector 31.
Gas passage 81 that communicates with the combustion gas supply port 56 and the combustion gas supply port 56
And a high-temperature and oxygen-rich gas remaining near the upper portion 52 of the heat exchange tank 51, using the negative pressure generated in the primary combustion chamber 12 by the action of the ejector 13, to use the primary combustion chamber of the incinerator. Hot gas outlet 5 to supply to
And a high-temperature gas recirculation flow path 82 communicating the primary combustion chamber 12 with the primary combustion chamber 12 of the incinerator.

By adopting the structure of the first aspect, the primary combustion chamber 12 heats, vaporizes,
The sublimated burned substance generates flammable unburned gas, and a part of the pressure energy of the air sent from the air blowing means 38 is injected into the ejector 31 in the direction of the secondary combustion chamber when the kinetic energy is injected. The uncombusted gas inside the primary combustion chamber 12 is converted by the negative pressure in the ejector 31 generated when a part of the unburned gas inside the unburned gas passage 32 is pushed out to the secondary combustion chamber 13 in response to the transmission. Fuel gas is sucked.
The sucked combustible gas is mixed with the air injected into the ejector 31 and simultaneously ignites and is pushed into the secondary combustion chamber 13 while raising the flame. At this time, the amount of air supplied to the ejector 31 is larger than the amount of air required for combustion. For this reason, the inside of the secondary combustion chamber 13 becomes rich in oxygen at a high temperature, combustion and oxidation are completed, and most of the organic substances contained in the combustible gas are oxidized and changed to carbon dioxide.

Further, since the inside of the heat exchange tank 51 communicates with the primary combustion chamber 12 through the high-temperature gas recirculation passage 82, the internal pressure of the heat exchanger tank 51 becomes lower than at least the secondary combustion chamber 13 as a result of the operation of the ejector 31. A high temperature and relatively high amount of oxygen-containing combustion gas in the next combustion chamber 13 flows into the heat exchange tank from the combustion gas supply port 56. Heat exchange tank 5
Since 1 is configured to have a significantly larger volume than each combustion chamber of the incinerator, the combustion gas in the heat exchange tank 51 is in a state close to a stationary state in which the flow velocity is extremely reduced.

Further, since the heat of the combustion gas inside the heat exchange tank 51 is conducted to the outside through the inner and outer walls and is gradually taken away, the combustion gas that has just flowed in has been accumulated up to that time. Since the temperature of the combustion gas is higher than that of the combustion gas, a difference in specific gravity occurs due to a temperature difference between the gases, and the higher the temperature of the gas, the higher the gas moves, and the lower the temperature of the gas, the lower the gas. Further, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the heat exchange tank 51 is 5 to 12%, which is extremely higher than that of the atmosphere, and the specific gravity of carbon dioxide with respect to air is 1.52. As compared with 1.11 of oxygen and 0.96 of nitrogen, carbon dioxide tends to settle down under the above-mentioned concentration because of its heavy properties.

Further, since the primary combustion chamber 12, the secondary combustion chamber 13, and the heat exchange tank 51 are all at a higher pressure than the atmosphere due to the combustion air supplied from the ejector 31, the lower part of the heat exchange tank 51 The low-temperature gas containing a large amount of carbon dioxide that has settled in the vicinity of 53 is released from the low-temperature gas outlet 55 to the atmosphere through an exhaust gas purifier (not shown) and a chimney.

On the other hand, the gas having a relatively high temperature and containing a large amount of oxygen, which has risen near the upper portion 52 of the heat exchange tank 51, flows into the hot gas recirculation flow path 82 communicating with the negative pressure primary combustion chamber 12 by the suction effect of the ejector 31. Flows from the gas outlet 54,
From the high temperature gas supply port 15 of the primary combustion chamber 12 to the primary combustion chamber 1
2 and raises the temperature inside the primary combustion chamber 12 and heats the internal combustion objects to promote gasification. At this time, the inflowing gas has an oxygen concentration lower than that of the atmosphere, and the inside of the primary combustion chamber 11 contains abundant materials containing a large amount of high-temperature carbon. Mainly combustible unburned gas, and much of the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere comes into contact with the high-temperature carbon and is reduced to carbon monoxide. As a result, the inside of the primary combustion chamber 12 is filled with combustible and high-temperature unburned gas, and when it is sucked into the ejector 31 again, it comes into contact with oxygen in the air supplied to the ejector and starts combustion. Then, the combustion is completed in the secondary combustion chamber 13. Since unburned gas, which is a gas, is burned in a rich oxygen state, almost no unburned components such as soot and unburned components such as carbon monoxide remain.

A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 3 as an example.
In order to supply the air for combustion and acceleration of the unburned gas to a position that does not interfere with the unburned gas flow path 32 by providing a through hole for flowing the unburned gas to the unburned gas flow path 32, An air supply channel 34 is provided, and an air injection channel 33 arranged to be wound around the outer edge of the unburned gas channel 32 is provided,
One of the connection means 37a is connected to the air supply flow path 34 and the air injection flow path 33, respectively.
The other is connected to the communicating means 36a to communicate with one another, and in order to inject the high-pressure air in the air injection channel 33 into the unburned gas channel 32, the inside of the air injection channel 33 is And an air injection hole 35a penetrating diagonally upward and in the direction of the unburned gas flow path 32 to the inside of the unburned gas flow path 32.

With this configuration, high-pressure air can be blown toward the primary combustion chamber toward the unburned gas remaining in the ejector 31, so that the kinetic energy of the combustion air is transmitted to the unburned gas at the time of collision. Thus, the unburned gas also moves to the primary combustion chamber. Also, the combustion air and the unburned gas are mixed. Furthermore, it becomes possible to conduct heat of the ejector body, the air injection flow path, the connection means, the communication means, and the air supply flow path, which become high in temperature, to the combustion air supplied from the outside, thereby cooling the air. In the vicinity of the confluence between the gas and the unburned gas flow path, when the high-pressure combustion air exits the unburned gas flow path at almost atmospheric pressure, it adiabatically expands, and it is possible to take heat over its own specific heat. Become. In addition, the ejector body is provided with each pipe in a wooden frame, the holes are made of a material that can be burned off, then an irregular shaped refractory is poured into this and fired, but the main part is manufactured. Since it is an amorphous refractory and has a higher melting point than metals, it has excellent heat resistance.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, as an example, referring to FIGS. 3 to 5, instead of the air injection hole 35a of the incinerator ejector according to the second aspect, the air injection flow path 33 is provided. Attach one of the connecting means 37b to the
A communication means 36b is provided from the other end of the connection means 37b in the direction of the unburned gas flow path 32, and an air injection nozzle 35b having an injection direction virtual axis directed toward the unburned gas flow path 32 is provided at an end of the communication means 36b. Attachment is characterized in that the injection port of the air injection 35b nozzle is arranged to open inside the unburned gas passage 32. With this configuration, it is difficult to precisely adjust the diameter of the hole and the direction of the virtual axis of the injection direction with the air injection hole alone, and it is also difficult to maintain the diameter of the hole due to the occurrence of wear due to use. These problems can be solved by employing a nozzle.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, as an example, referring to FIGS. 3, 4, and 6, instead of the air injection hole 35a of the incinerator ejector according to the second aspect, the air injection flow One of the connecting means 37b is mounted on the path 33, and the other of the connecting means 37b is connected to the unburned gas passage 3
2, a communication means 36b is provided in the direction of
An air injection nozzle 35b having an injection direction virtual axis directed toward the unburned gas flow passage 32 is attached to an end of the air injection nozzle 35b, and a flow passage 36c communicating the injection port of the air injection nozzle 35b and the unburned gas flow passage 32 is provided. Is provided. With this configuration, it is possible to prevent the air injection nozzle body from coming into contact with the high-temperature unburned gas. Can be handled.

A fifth aspect of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 10 as an example. In the incinerator ejector according to the third or fourth aspect, an air injection nozzle 35 is provided.
A hole is provided in the pipe wall of the air injection channel 33 instead of the communicating means 36b between the air injection channel 33 and the air injection channel 33, and the air injection nozzle 35b is directly attached to the hole. With this configuration, it is possible to reduce the material cost of the communication means when manufacturing the ejector and to simplify the manufacturing process.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 7 as an example, in the incinerator ejector 31 according to any one of the second to fifth aspects, the air supply passage is further provided. 34 and the air injection passage 33, the air injection hole 35a or the air injection nozzle 35b, the flow passages 36b and 36c and the communication means 36b are provided independently in a plurality of systems, and the injection hole 35a or the injection nozzle 35b is provided. The angle formed by the virtual axis of the ejection direction of the above and the direction of the virtual center line which is the flow direction of the unburned gas flow path 32 is provided so as to be different for each system. With this configuration, the ejector effect is maximized when air is injected in the virtual axis direction that is the flow direction of the unburned gas flow path, and minimized when air is injected perpendicular to the virtual axis direction. The property becomes available, and the air-fuel ratio (mixing ratio of combustion air and unburned gas) is adjusted by individually adjusting the pressure of combustion air supplied to each system with different injection angles to a predetermined value. It is possible to adjust the flow rate of the unburned gas while keeping it constant.

A seventh aspect of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 11 as an example. In the incinerator ejector according to any one of the second to sixth aspects, the present invention further provides an auxiliary fuel. The auxiliary fuel supply flow path 44 is provided, and the auxiliary fuel injection flow path 43 disposed near the outer edge of the unburned gas flow path 32 is provided. To connect one of the connecting means 47a and connect the other of the connecting means 47a to the other by the communicating means 46a, and to inject the fuel in the auxiliary fuel injection passage 43 into the unburned gas passage 32. The auxiliary fuel injection hole 45 penetrates from the inside of the auxiliary fuel injection passage 43 to the inside of the unburned gas passage 32.
a is provided. With this configuration, especially when the incinerator starts operating and the temperature of the unburned gas is lower than the ignitable temperature due to contact with the combustion air, or when the supply of burnables is temporarily insufficient, the inside of the ejector or the secondary The flame can be maintained on the combustion chamber side, and the incinerator can be operated continuously.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, as an example, referring to FIGS. 3 and 11 to 12, the auxiliary fuel injection hole 45a is replaced with the auxiliary fuel injection hole 45a for an incinerator according to the seventh aspect. One of the connection means 47b is mounted on the flow path 43, and a communication means 46b is provided from the other of the connection means 47b in the direction of the unburned gas flow path, and the virtual axis of the ejection direction is set at the end of the communication means 46b. Fuel gas flow path 3
The auxiliary fuel injection nozzle 45b directed to the second fuel gas passage 2 is attached, and the injection port of the auxiliary fuel injection nozzle 45b is
2 is arranged so as to open inside.
With this configuration, it is difficult to precisely adjust the diameter of the hole and the direction of the virtual axis of the injection direction only with the auxiliary fuel injection hole, and it is also difficult to maintain the diameter of the hole due to wear due to use. These problems can be solved by employing a nozzle.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, referring to FIG. 3 and FIGS. 11 to 13 as an example, the auxiliary fuel injection hole 45a is replaced with the auxiliary fuel injection hole 45a for an incinerator according to the seventh aspect. One of the connecting means 47b is mounted on the flow path 43, and a communicating means 46b is provided from the other of the connecting means 47b in the direction of the unburned gas flow path 32, and a virtual axis of the jetting direction is provided at an end of the communicating means 46b. An auxiliary fuel injection nozzle 45b directed to the unburned gas flow path 32 is attached, and a flow path 46c communicating the injection port of the auxiliary fuel injection nozzle 45b and the unburned gas flow path 32 is provided. . With this configuration, the auxiliary fuel nozzle body can be prevented from coming into contact with the high-temperature unburned gas, so that the material of the nozzle can be prevented from being deteriorated due to the high temperature, and the higher-temperature unburned gas can be handled. become.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, the auxiliary fuel injection nozzle 45b of the incinerator ejector according to the eighth or ninth aspect will be described with reference to FIGS. A hole is provided in the tube wall of the auxiliary fuel injection channel 43 instead of the communicating means 46b between the auxiliary fuel injection channel 43 and the auxiliary fuel injection nozzle 45b is directly attached to the hole. . With this configuration, it is possible to reduce the material cost of the communication means when manufacturing the ejector and to simplify the manufacturing process.

According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, referring to FIG. 3 as an example, in the incinerator ejector according to any one of the second to tenth aspects, the inside of the main body of the ejector main body is formed from one point on the surface of the ejector main body. A cooling medium flow path 49 is provided which penetrates and opens to communicate with the surface of the ejector body different from one point of the surface. With this configuration, it becomes possible to dissipate the heat generated by the ejector body to the outside through the cooling medium due to the combustion of the unburned gas, and to handle unburned gas at a higher temperature. Operating temperature can be increased.

A twelfth aspect of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1 as an example. The exhaust gas from an incinerator is filled and a difference in specific gravity due to a temperature difference, specific gravity according to a component, and the amount of heat radiation is utilized. A heat exchange tank for separating high-temperature and low-temperature gas by forming a funnel shape, a bottom portion having a fly ash outlet 57 at the funnel-shaped tip, The outlet 57 is provided with an opening / closing means 58 and is connected to the periphery of the bottom portion, and has a side wall formed with a low-temperature gas outlet 55 and a combustion gas inlet 56 located above the low-temperature gas outlet 55. And a ceiling connected to the uppermost peripheral edge of the side wall and having a hot gas outlet 54 formed therein.
The inner wall is divided into at least two or more types of regions in the upper part and the lower part in the vertical direction, and is configured by using a refractory material having a different component for each of the regions, and the refractory material of the lower inner wall 62 is Compared to the refractory material of the upper inner wall 61,
It is characterized by using a refractory material that emits a large amount of heat rays when heated.

According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, the hot gas outlet provided on the ceiling is replaced with the side wall. In addition to this, although there is a difficulty in inhaling fly ash,
It is also possible to provide a low-temperature gas outlet at the bottom. Essentially, it is sufficient to provide a low-temperature gas outlet, a combustion gas supply inlet, and a high-temperature gas outlet at positions different in height in the vertical direction.

According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, referring to FIG. 1 as an example, the heat exchange tank according to any one of the twelfth and thirteenth aspects of the present invention further comprises a heat exchange tank 51 for the incinerator. And the low-temperature gas outlet 5
In the vicinity of and above 5, a projection having at least a large area with respect to the cross-sectional area of the low-temperature gas outlet is formed from the inner wall of the heat exchange tank toward a virtual center line in the vertical direction of the tank. A fly ash shield 63 fixed to the inner wall via a mounting member so as to form a direction having a downward slope is provided. By taking this configuration, part of the fly ash that begins to settle in the heat exchange tank accumulates on the fly ash shed, and when it cannot support itself with its own weight, it collapses and falls. It moves near the upper part of the fly ash outlet.

According to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention, referring to FIG. 1 as an example, the opening and closing provided in the fly ash outlet 57 of the heat exchange tank 51 for an incinerator according to any one of the twelfth to fourteenth aspects. A screw type feeding conveyor is provided instead of the means. With this configuration, while maintaining a predetermined amount of fly ash necessary to fill the gap between the opening and closing means of the fly ash outlet and improve airtightness, only an excessive amount of fly ash is discharged to the outside at an arbitrary amount and at an arbitrary time. It becomes easier to do.

[0030]

Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings. The following drawings are schematic diagrams showing a configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the waste incinerator, and FIG. 2 is a projection view of a high-temperature gas rectifier to be mounted near the high-temperature gas supply port 56 of the heat exchange tank 51 as necessary. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the ejector main body in detail, and hidden lines of the internal structure are indicated by solid lines for the sake of clarity of the structure. FIGS. 4 to 10 show the air injection holes 35 inside the ejector body 31.
It is sectional drawing which shows the vicinity of the cross section of a or the air injection nozzle 35b. Similarly, FIGS. 11 to 15 are cross-sectional views showing the vicinity of a cross section of the auxiliary fuel injection hole 45a or the auxiliary fuel injection nozzle 45b inside the ejector body 31, which will be described in detail below.

The incinerator according to the present invention is a structure (not shown) such as reinforced concrete as an example in FIG.
The incinerator shell is manufactured by using the primary combustion chamber 12 and the secondary combustion chamber 1
3, refuse hopper 21, fixed hearth 16, movable hearth 17,
An ash outlet 18 is provided, and the operation of the hydraulic
7 to move the burnables 22 into the primary combustion chamber 12 and to transfer the incinerated burnables 24 and 25 inside the primary combustion chamber 12 by hydraulic means 19.
And a movable hearth 17. It is desirable to provide an opening / closing means at the entrance of the burnable material to restrict the inflow of outside air into the primary combustion chamber 12.

The inner wall of the primary combustion chamber 12, the inner wall of the secondary combustion chamber 13, the movable hearth 17, and the fixed hearth 17 are made of a material having sufficient fire resistance, such as a refractory brick, a heat-resistant brick, and an amorphous refractory. To produce. In addition, between the structure of the incinerator and each combustion chamber, an air layer is constructed by filling with heat insulating material and constructing a certain space in order to make it difficult for heat inside the combustion chamber to escape to the outside. It is desirable to have measures. Furthermore, in addition to the above-mentioned heat retention measures, it is also desirable to pass through a water pipe of a boiler in terms of heat recovery and cooling. In particular, since the inside of the secondary combustion chamber is the hottest part in the present apparatus, a cooling means such as a water cooling wall or a water jacket is provided as necessary. An opening for connecting the high-temperature gas recirculation flow path 82 and the combustion gas flow path 81 is provided on the side wall of the primary combustion chamber 12 and the secondary combustion chamber 13.

Next, an ejector 31 is provided at the boundary between the primary combustion chamber 12 and the secondary combustion chamber so as not to have a gap through which gas flows. A step is created by making the cross-sectional area near the boundary on the primary combustion chamber side narrower than the secondary combustion chamber side,
The ejector 31 can be arranged so as to be placed on the step. Before the installation, a thin refractory of irregular shape is provided between the ejector 31 and the furnace wall member.
By keeping the airtightness between the ejector and the furnace wall member, the gas on the side of the secondary combustion chamber 13 having a higher pressure than the side of the primary combustion chamber 12 by the operation of the ejector 31 causes the gas on the primary combustion chamber 12 It is desirable to prevent inflow to the side.

Next, the details of the ejector 31 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 15. For simplicity of illustration, the air injection flow path, the air injection nozzle, the auxiliary combustion injection flow path, the auxiliary fuel injection nozzle, and the communicating means are shown. Although only one is shown, at the time of implementation, an even number of the flow paths are provided so as to face each other, and each jet ejected from an opposed nozzle or the like may collide in the unburned gas flow path 32, It is desirable for the operation efficiency of the ejector. The number is not limited. In addition, the air injection passage 33 and the auxiliary fuel injection passage 43 in FIG. 3 are represented by square tubes for convenience of illustration, but actually manufactured using a circular tube in terms of strength against pressure. desirable. Also,
The ends of the air supply channel 34 and the auxiliary combustion supply channel 44 are
It is desirable to provide a connecting means such as a flange that protrudes from the surface of the ejector main body 31 by a required length since connection of each pipe is easy in practice. Furthermore, it is possible to wind a stretchable refractory material such as a tape-like asbestos around the surface of each steel pipe formed in the ejector 31. Since the expansion due to the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion can be absorbed, the occurrence of cracks in the ejector body can be prevented, which is desirable. Further, the cooling medium passage may be made of a steel pipe similarly to the air supply passage 34. The flow paths related to the auxiliary fuel and the like are the same as above. Also, in this specification, the notation of air for combustion is unified, but pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air may be used instead. In this case, it is effective in reducing nitrogen oxides generated during combustion. Further, the structure of the air injection flow path 33 in FIG. 3 is installed near the unburned gas flow path 32 like a ring, but the arrangement of the air injection flow path 33 may be near the unburned gas flow path 32. Since there is no limitation, for example, a configuration in which the spiral is arranged around the unburned gas flow path 32 and the end point of the spiral is closed with a blind plug is also possible.

The main parameters at the time of designing this ejector are the angle between the virtual axis of the injection direction of the air injection hole 35a or the nozzle 35b and the unburned gas flow path 32, and the injection port diameter for the designed air injection hole 35a or the nozzle 35b. ,
The number of air injection holes 35a or nozzles 35b provided for one unburned gas passage, the air pressure supplied to the air supply passage 34,
The diameter of the unburned gas passage 32, the composition of the unburned gas, and the operating temperature. Further, each flow path is provided with an air injection hole 35a or a nozzle 35.
By having a sufficiently large diameter area with respect to the total diameter area of b, the pressure loss of the fluid flowing through the pipeline can be reduced, the higher pressure fluid can be supplied to the nozzle for writing, and the injection speed can be improved. So desirable.

The blowing means 38 is provided with a compressor capable of generating compressed air, and the generated compressed air is passed through the side wall of the incinerator main body 11 to communicate with the communicating means 3.
9 is connected to the air supply channel 34 of the ejector 31. When the ejector main body 31 is installed such that the connection port of the air supply flow path 34 of the ejector 31 is exposed on the surface of the incinerator main body 11, the communication means 39 from the blowing means 38 directly supplies the air supply flow. It is possible to connect to the path 34, in which case the maintenance of the ejector is facilitated.

Next, the details of the heat exchange tank 51 will be described with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. An outer shell of the heat exchange tank 51 is made of a structure such as reinforced concrete, and a support member is used from the outer shell. The lower surface is formed by fixing the refractory material on the inner surface and penetrating from the surface of the heat exchange tank 51 to the inside thereof. A hot gas outlet 54 is provided. Further, one of the combustion gas passages 81 is connected to the secondary combustion chamber outlet 14 of the incinerator 11 and the other is connected to the heat exchange tank 5.
One combustion gas supply port 56 is connected. One of the hot gas recirculation passages 82 is connected to the hot gas outlet 54 of the heat exchange tank 51, and the other is connected to the hot gas supply port 15 of the incinerator 11.
Connect to In addition, a communication means is connected to the low-temperature gas outlet 55, which is connected to a chimney via an auxiliary device and is opened to the atmosphere.

With the configuration of the heat exchange tank, the function as a heat exchange tank can be achieved, and the heat exchange tank can be used for a boiler combustion furnace or the like that uses a fuel with extremely low fly ash, such as heavy oil. The shape of the heat exchange tank is effective as long as the container is vertically long.However, the case where the unburned gas abnormally fills the inside of the heat exchange tank 51 due to the misfire of the secondary combustion and the like and ignites and explodes. Considering this, a cylindrical or conical shape that maximizes structural strength is desirable. Furthermore, the ceiling of the heat exchange tank 51 can be opened and closed like a pot lid, and is mainly pressed against by its own weight to make it airtight.
The gas generated rapidly at the time of the explosion is quickly released to the atmosphere to avoid an abnormal increase in the internal pressure, and the heat exchange tank body 51
This is effective in preventing secondary disasters caused by damage to the shards and the accompanying shards.

Further, as a means for collecting and discharging fly ash generated when waste is incinerated, the bottom of the heat exchange tank 51 is formed in a funnel shape, and
The fly ash 64 settled inside can be collected. The collected fly ash 64 is opened to open and close the opening / closing means 58 and discharged to the outside. To maintain the airtightness of the heat exchange tank 51 when the opening / closing means 58 is closed, a certain amount of fly ash 64 is intentionally secured. It is desirable to keep the fly ash 64 secured between the opening and closing means 58, for example, a gap between the damper and the main body, so that an airtight effect can be obtained. The opening / closing means 58 can be configured at low cost by using a damper as described above. Further, a screw-type feeding conveyor for powder which can discharge an arbitrary amount of fly ash 58 at an arbitrary time may be employed. A screw-type feeding conveyor is, for example, a shaft provided with a rod in a hollow cylindrical container, and a continuous surface that is vertically and spirally formed with respect to the periphery of the rod at the periphery of the rod. Sharing,
One end of the cylindrical container is provided with a hopper for supplying powder, and the other is opened near the transfer destination point,
By rotating the rod by a motor through a speed reducer, the apparent position of the spiral surface at a fixed point in the cylindrical container moves, and the resultant force of the gravity received by the powder and the frictional force from the spiral surface causes the powder to move. Is a transfer means that can transfer the data.

The fly ash settling inside the heat exchange tank 51 is sucked into the low-temperature gas outlet 55 and discharged therefrom, so that the load on the exhaust gas treatment device (not shown) is reduced. A protrusion having at least a large area with respect to the cross-sectional area of the low-temperature gas outlet 55 is formed above the internal low-temperature gas outlet 55 from the inner wall of the heat exchange tank toward a virtual center line in the vertical direction of the tank. It is effective to provide a fly ash shield 63 fixed to the inner wall via a mounting member so as to form a direction having a downward slope. The fly ash repellent 63 may be a plate made of a refractory material such as alumina cement, and the larger the area, the more fly ash can be collected and dropped. 63 and heat exchange tank 51
There is a concern that the gap between the inside and the bottom becomes too small, and as a result, the gas flow velocity increases in this gap, and the gas flowing at high speed soars the fly ash that has settled to the bottom and has an adverse effect. Therefore, about 60% of the cross-sectional area of the heat exchange tank is appropriate.

Further, the refractory material used for the inner wall of the heat exchange tank 51 is divided into at least two types of regions, an upper portion 61 and a lower portion 62 in the vertical direction, and the lower portion 62 contains a large amount of silicon carbide as a composition. It is preferable to use a refractory material and to manufacture the upper portion 61 using a refractory material containing a large amount of aluminum oxide. The amount of heat rays (infrared rays) radiated when a substance is heated is different from that of a material. By using and constructing, the heat rays become densest near the center of the heat exchange tank lower portion 53. Furthermore, the radiation direction of the heat ray radiated from the inner wall of the heat exchange tank 51 is not only in the direction perpendicular to the wall surface but also in the direction of almost 180 degrees although there is a difference in radiation amount. The heat rays radiated from the upper part also reach the vicinity of the upper part 61, and a part thereof is absorbed by the upper part 61, and generates heat to heat the gas near the heat exchange tank upper part 52 again. Since the lower portion 62 and the upper portion 61 emit different amounts of heat rays, the heat in the vicinity of the heat exchange tank lower portion 53 moves toward the upper portion 52 and the heat exchange tank 51 in total.
Promotes heat separation. Furthermore, the lower part 5 of the heat exchange tank
3 is formed in a conical or pyramid shape with a refractory material in the vicinity of the center, with the apex facing upward, and the bottom is manufactured by attaching a reflector spaced to the inner wall of the heat exchange tank 51, and the lower part of the heat exchange tank is attached. The heat rays radiated from near 62 are reflected again on the slope of the cone or pyramid, and the reflected heat rays efficiently reach near the upper portion 61. Further, as in the case of a steel reverberation furnace, the reflector is formed as a curved surface in which the slope of the reflector is depressed toward the inner surface, and the reflection focal position when the curved surface is assumed to be a concave mirror is formed near the upper portion 52 of the heat exchange tank. With this arrangement, the efficiency of heat transfer is further increased. Further, the shape of the upper portion including the ceiling of the heat exchange tank 51 is formed in a truncated cone or truncated pyramid shape with the top surface facing downward, and the reflector is provided near the center of the bottom surface, that is, the ceiling of the inner surface of the heat exchange tank in this case. When the apex is provided downward, the heat rays reaching the inner surface of the truncated cone or the truncated pyramid shape heat the inner wall again and radiate the heat rays, and the radiation distribution of the heat rays emitted from the surface is in front of the surface. Is large, so much is radiated toward the opposite surface of the radiating surface, and by this repetition, heat tends to move toward the bottom of the truncated cone or truncated pyramid, that is, in this case, near the top of the inner surface of the heat exchange tank. And it is possible to reduce the leakage of the heat ray toward the lower part relatively. In this case, it is desirable to provide a hot gas outlet 54 near the bottom of the truncated cone or truncated pyramid, that is, near the top of the heat exchange tank and where the bottom of the reflector should reach.

Next, when the gas in the heat exchange tank 51 is stirred by disturbance, the high-temperature gas in the upper
Since the low-temperature gas of 3 is mixed, it is desirable to keep the state close to stationary. As a means for realizing this, the shape of the combustion gas inlet 56 is changed to a cone or pyramid having the combustion gas flow direction as a vertex. The cross-sectional area of the flow path gradually increases toward the center of the tank by excavating into the shape of the tank, conversely reducing the flow velocity of the gas, and stirring the gas flowing into the tank by the kinetic energy of the gas flowing into the tank Can be reduced. Also, a member like a conical or pyramid-shaped funnel is made of refractory material, and as a gas diffuser,
This bottom portion is processed into a shape that matches the outer wall of the heat exchange tank 51, and the combustion gas supply port 56 on the outer wall of the heat exchange tank 51 is formed.
It is fixed using a mounting member supported from the wall in the vicinity, and the size of the opening outside the high-temperature gas supply port 56 is the same as the area of the virtual bottom surface of the gas diffuser except for the thickness of the sloped member. It is desirable to provide a large size. Further, a plate made of a refractory material having a large number of small holes having a diameter of about 1 cm on the entire surface thereof at a virtual bottom portion of the gas diffuser having a maximum cross-sectional area or an opening inside the combustion gas inlet 56 is used as a diffusion plate. When mounted so as to close the flow path via a mounting member supported from any part of the heat exchange tank 51, the combustion gas supplied from the combustion gas flow path 81 receives a pressure loss when passing through the small hole. Since the pressure on the side of the fuel gas passage 81 becomes higher than the pressure inside the heat exchange tank 51, the fuel gas tends to be uniformly dispersed in each of the small holes and to flow easily. This makes it possible to make the flow velocity of the gas uniform between different positions. Furthermore, for example, in a rectangular parallelepiped made of a refractory material and having a hollow inside, only two adjacent surfaces are deleted, and only one of the deleted surfaces is replaced with the inner wall inside the heat exchange tank 51 around the high-temperature gas supply inlet 56. A member processed to conform to the shape of the high-temperature gas rectifier 79 is used as the high-temperature gas supply port 56.
So that the opening 77 faces in a substantially horizontal direction so as to cover the heat exchange tank 5 from the combustion gas supply port 56.
The flow direction of the combustion gas discharged toward the center of the first can be changed to a direction parallel to the inner wall. Thereby, a part of the combustion gas flows along the inner wall of the heat exchange tank 51 and swirls around the inner wall inside the tank. Due to this swirl, the combustion gas from the center inside the heat exchange tank 51 to just before the inner wall becomes almost stationary, especially in the vertical movement. Further, the gas swirling around the inner wall due to the swirling receives frictional resistance from the minute irregularities on the inner wall surface, gradually loses its kinetic energy, and can be closer to a stationary state, thereby reducing the stirring of the gas. Can be done.

Next, the auxiliary device will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 3. Generally, in the minimum configuration of the present incinerator, the inlet of the combustion air in the main part is the ejector 3.
1 is only the air injection hole 35a inside, the outlet of the exhaust gas is only the low temperature gas outlet 55 of the heat exchange tank 51,
Since the other parts are made airtight to the outside air, when the combustion air flows into the apparatus, a pressure is generated against the atmosphere, and the pressure is transmitted to the low-temperature gas outlet 55. Then, the gas near the low-temperature gas outlet 55 is automatically discharged to the outside. However, an induction blower 72 may be provided to increase the burning rate and improve the processing capacity of the incinerator. Next, the exhaust gas that has passed through the low-temperature gas outlet 55 or the induction blower 72 is released to the atmosphere via an exhaust gas processing device (not shown) and a chimney 73.

Next, an example in which the present invention is modified and applied is shown in FIG.
6, the main part is the same as that of FIG. 1, but the incinerator main body 11 and the heat exchange tank 51 are constituted by the same casing. This feature makes it possible to recover a part of the heat that is lost due to conduction from each combustion chamber to the outside through the wall surface from the contact surface with the heat exchange tank. In addition, a combustion gas passage 81 and a high-temperature gas recirculation passage 82
Is characterized in that a space surrounded by a wall material is configured as a flow path. Due to this feature, in addition to the same heat recovery as described above, since each pipe also serves as a partition of each combustion chamber and the heat exchange tank 51, pipe-related work is not required, and pipe members are not used. In addition, the manufacturing cost of the entire apparatus can be reduced. Further, in FIG. 16, for convenience of illustration, the high-temperature gas recirculation flow path 15 goes out of the heat exchange tank 51 and then communicates with the primary combustion chamber 12. It is desirable that the flow path provided by combining the wall materials inside the inside be a high-temperature gas recirculation flow path. Also, a drop tube 91 is provided in place of the incineration ash outlet 18 in place of the incineration ash, and a slag conveyor 92 is provided.
Is disposed below the drop tube 91 and is sealed with water 93 to prevent outside air from flowing from the drop tube.
With this feature, it is possible to continuously discharge the incinerated ash 25 while maintaining the airtightness against the outside air in the apparatus.

Next, an example in which a melting device for the incineration ash 25 is added to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 17. The main part is the same as that in FIG. 1 and FIG. A movable supporting member or a supporting structure and a connecting means 9 connected to a driving means 96 via a connecting means 85 at a position where the movable hearth 17 is pushed out and falls down in conjunction with the operation of the means 19.
And a melting tank 95 supported by the driving means 9.
6 and the incinerator main body 11, and the melting tank 95 and the connecting means 99 are connected via bearings or the like so as to be movable on a plane, and externally provided with a pressurizing means 98 such as a compressor. Enrichment means 97 such as an oxygen permeable membrane device, and communication means 99a and b for communicating them.
The communication means 99b penetrates the furnace wall to reach the vicinity of the melting tank 95, and the tip thereof is characterized in that the melting tank 95 is opened near the bottom of the melting tank 95 at the normal position.
Due to this feature, part of the combustion and carbonization in the primary combustion chamber 12, which is a reducing atmosphere, is finished, and the incinerated ash 25 containing a large amount of fixed carbon is pushed by the movable hearth 17 and accumulates in the melting tank 95. When this reaches a predetermined amount, oxygen-enriched air or pure oxygen is fed into the incineration ash from the communication means 99b, so that the fixed carbon in the high-temperature incineration ash contacts the oxygen-enriched air. To start burning, and melt the incineration ash in the melting tank at the high temperature of the burning. When the fixed carbon finishes burning, the driving means 96 is operated, the melting tank 95 is inclined in conjunction with the molten carbon, the molten slag is dropped into the drop tube 91, and the molten slag can be cooled and solidified by the water 92. .

With the above configuration, a series of operations in the basic specification of the incinerator according to the present invention will be described below. The high-pressure air generated by the blowing means 38 is
9. The air is injected vertically upward into the unburned gas flow path 32 via the air supply flow path 34, the communication means 36a, the air injection flow path 33, and the air injection hole 35a. The injected air collides with the unburned gas located above the air injection hole 35a inside the unburned gas flow path 32 to give kinetic energy, so that the unburned gas and the supplied air are mixed while the unburned gas is mixed. Channel 3
2 and is discharged. Due to this discharge, a negative pressure is generated below the air injection hole 35a in the unburned gas passage 32, the unburned gas below moves upward, and the unburned gas passage 32 is opened through the primary opening through the lower opening. The unburned gas inside the combustion chamber 12 is sucked. Further, the unburned gas remaining in the primary combustion chamber 12 is burned in a state of lack of oxygen and therefore contains a large amount of combustible gas, and has a higher temperature than its own ignition point. At the moment when the air comes into contact with the air supplied from the air injection hole 35a, ignition and combustion start, and the combustion is completed inside the secondary combustion chamber 13.

The high temperature and carbon dioxide-rich combustion gas generated in the secondary combustion chamber 13 of the incinerator is introduced into the heat exchange tank 51. The interior of the secondary combustion chamber 13 is maintained at a pressure higher than the atmospheric pressure due to the effect of the ejector 31, and the interior of the heat exchange tank 51 is connected to the low temperature gas outlet 55 through the chimney 73.
The combustion gas in the secondary combustion chamber 13 can flow into the heat exchange tank 51 due to the pressure difference because the gas is released to the atmosphere via the air pressure and the atmospheric pressure. Since the temperature of the combustion gas flowing into the heat exchange tank 51 is higher than that of the combustion gas that has been staying in the same place, a difference in specific gravity occurs due to the temperature difference of the gas, and a part of the higher temperature combustion gas is generated. Tend to push up the low temperature gas near the upper part 52 of the heat exchange tank and rise and stay there. In contrast to the above tendency, the low-temperature gas tends to fall near the lower part 53 of the heat exchange tank and stay there.
Further, the combustion gas is a gas that has been burned in the secondary combustion chamber 13 in an excess air state, has a carbon dioxide concentration of about 5 to 12%, and has nitrogen, which is another main constituent gas,
When the specific gravity is compared with oxygen, nitrogen is 0.967, oxygen is 1.1.
Since carbon dioxide is 1.529 which is heavier than 05, it tends to stay near the lower part 53 of the heat exchange tank. Contrary to the above tendency, the remaining main gases, ie, nitrogen and oxygen, stay near the upper part in a form displaced by carbon dioxide.

The high-temperature gas staying in the vicinity of the upper portion 52 of the heat exchange tank flows from the high-temperature gas recirculation flow path 82 toward the primary combustion chamber 12 which is under negative pressure by the operation of the ejector 31. The high-temperature gas that has reached the primary combustion chamber partially burns the material to be burned, uses up a small amount of remaining oxygen, and further promotes carbonization at a high temperature to generate flammable gas. As the composition of the combustible gas, there are many carbon monoxides generated by the reaction between the high-temperature fixed carbon in the burned object and the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the entire configuration of an incinerator according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a detailed projection view of the high-temperature gas rectifier of the incinerator according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a detailed projection view of an ejector for an incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a detailed cross-sectional view of an ejector for an incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which an air injection hole is cut perpendicular to a flow channel direction.

FIG. 5 is a detailed sectional view of the air injection nozzle of the ejector for an incinerator according to one embodiment of the present invention, which is cut perpendicular to the flow path direction.

FIG. 6 is a detailed cross-sectional view of the air injection nozzle of the ejector for an incinerator according to one embodiment of the present invention, which is cut perpendicular to the flow path direction.

FIG. 7 is a detailed cross-sectional view of the air injection nozzle of the ejector for an incinerator according to one embodiment of the present invention, which is cut perpendicularly to the flow path direction.

FIG. 8 is a detailed cross-sectional view of the air injection nozzle of the ejector for an incinerator according to one embodiment of the present invention, which is cut perpendicularly to the flow path direction.

FIG. 9 is a detailed cross-sectional view of the air ejecting nozzle of the ejector for an incinerator according to one embodiment of the present invention, which is cut perpendicular to the flow path direction.

FIG. 10 is a detailed cross-sectional view of the air injection nozzle of the ejector for an incinerator according to one embodiment of the present invention, which is cut perpendicular to the flow path direction.

FIG. 11 is a detailed cross-sectional view of the auxiliary fuel injection hole of the ejector for an incinerator according to one embodiment of the present invention, which is cut perpendicular to the flow path direction.

FIG. 12 is a detailed sectional view of the auxiliary fuel injection nozzle of the ejector for an incinerator according to one embodiment of the present invention, which is cut perpendicularly to the flow path direction.

FIG. 13 is a detailed cross-sectional view of the auxiliary fuel injection nozzle of the ejector for an incinerator according to one embodiment of the present invention, which is cut perpendicular to the flow path direction.

FIG. 14 is a detailed sectional view of the auxiliary fuel injection nozzle of the ejector for an incinerator according to one embodiment of the present invention, which is cut perpendicularly to a flow path direction.

FIG. 15 is a detailed cross-sectional view of the auxiliary fuel injection nozzle of the ejector for an incinerator according to one embodiment of the present invention, which is cut perpendicularly to a flow path direction.

FIG. 16 is a schematic sectional view showing the entire configuration of an incinerator according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a schematic sectional view showing the entire configuration of an incinerator according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a detailed projection view near the melting tank of the incinerator according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Incinerator main body 12 Primary combustion chamber 13 Secondary combustion chamber 14 Secondary combustion chamber outlet 15 Hot gas supply port 31 Ejector main body 32 Unburned gas flow path 33 Air injection flow path 34 Air supply flow path 35 Air injection hole 35b Air injection Nozzle 36 Communication means 36b Flow path 37 Connection means 38 Blowing means 39 Communication means 43 Auxiliary fuel injection flow path 44 Auxiliary fuel supply flow path 45 Auxiliary fuel injection hole 45b Auxiliary fuel injection nozzle 46 Communication means 46b Flow path 47 Connection means 49 Cooling Medium flow path 51 Heat exchange tank main body 54 High temperature gas outlet 55 Low temperature gas outlet 56 Combustion gas inlet 57 Fly ash outlet 58 Opening / closing means 61 Upper refractory material 62 Lower refractory material 63 Fly ash repellent 64 Fly ash 77 Opening 79 Hot gas rectifier 81 Combustion gas flow path 82 Hot gas recirculation flow path

Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat II (reference) F23G 5/46 F23G 5/46 A F23L 9/00 F23L 9/00

Claims (15)

[Claims] An incinerator comprising a primary combustion chamber for receiving, drying, carbonizing, burning, etc., an object to be burned, and a secondary combustion chamber for reburning unburned gas generated in the primary combustion chamber. In the furnace, using an air blower provided outside to generate air having a pressure higher than the atmospheric pressure, and using an ejector effect generated by injection of secondary combustion air supplied from the blower, An ejector that is configured to suck gas remaining in the primary combustion chamber and discharge the gas to the secondary combustion chamber, and that is provided so as to communicate with both the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber; Communication means for communicating an outlet and an air supply flow path of the ejector,
The inner surface is covered with a heat-resistant member, and a container having at least three openings formed at different heights is provided along with the incinerator as a heat exchange tank, and the name of the at least three openings is As relative positions among the three positions, the opening located at the top is located at the hot gas outlet, the opening located below the hot gas outlet is located at the combustion gas inlet, and located below the combustion gas inlet. When the opening is defined as a low-temperature gas outlet, a combustion gas flow path communicating between the secondary combustion chamber outlet, which is an opening formed in the secondary combustion chamber, and the combustion gas supply port, An incinerator comprising: a high-temperature gas recirculation flow path that communicates an outlet with a high-temperature gas supply port that is an opening formed in the primary combustion chamber. 2. An unburned gas passage, wherein a lump of a member having a dense interior and having fire resistance is used as an ejector body, and a hole is formed through the ejector body to allow unburned gas to flow. An air supply passage for supplying air for combustion and acceleration of unburned gas at a position not interfering with the passage, and an air injection passage arranged so as to be wound around an outer edge of the unburned gas passage; Is provided, and one of the connection means is connected to the air supply flow path and the air injection flow path, respectively, and the other of the connection means is connected to and communicated with the communication means, and inside the air injection flow path. In order to inject high-pressure air into the unburned gas flow path, an obliquely upward direction from the inside of the air injection flow path, and the inside of the unburned gas flow path in the direction of the unburned gas flow path. Incineration with air injection holes that penetrate Use the ejector. 3. An incinerator ejector according to claim 2, wherein one of the connecting means is mounted on the air injection flow path in place of the air injection hole, and the other of the connection means is directed toward the unburned gas flow path. A communication means is provided, and an air injection nozzle having an injection direction virtual axis directed toward the unburned gas flow path is attached to an end of the communication means, and an injection port of the air injection nozzle is opened inside the unburned gas flow path. An ejector for an incinerator, characterized in that the ejector is arranged so as to perform the following. 4. An incinerator ejector according to claim 2, wherein one of the connecting means is mounted on the air injection flow path instead of the air injection hole, and the other of the connection means is directed toward the unburned gas flow path. A communication means is provided, and an air injection nozzle having an injection direction virtual axis directed toward the unburned gas flow path is attached to an end of the communication means, and the vicinity of an injection port of the air injection nozzle and the unburned gas flow path are provided. An incinerator ejector characterized by having a communicating flow path. 5. An incinerator ejector according to claim 3, wherein a hole is formed in a pipe wall of said air injection passage in place of the communicating means between the air injection nozzle and the air injection passage. And an ejector for an incinerator, wherein the air injection nozzle is directly attached to the hole. 6. The ejector for an incinerator according to claim 2, further comprising: the air supply channel and the air injection channel; the air injection hole or the air injection nozzle; A plurality of paths and the communication means are provided independently of each other, and the angle formed by the virtual axis of the injection direction of the injection hole or the injection nozzle and the direction of the virtual center line which is the flow direction of the unburned gas flow path is defined for each of the systems. An ejector for an incinerator, characterized in that the ejector is provided at a different angle. 7. An auxiliary fuel supply flow path for supplying auxiliary fuel, an auxiliary fuel injection flow path disposed near an outer edge of the unburned gas flow path is provided, and an auxiliary fuel supply flow path is provided between the auxiliary fuel supply flow path and the auxiliary fuel supply flow path. To connect one of the connection means on the injection flow path and connect the other of the connection means to each other by the communication means, and to inject the fuel in the auxiliary fuel injection flow path into the unburned gas flow path. An incinerator ejector comprising an auxiliary fuel injection hole penetrating from the inside of the auxiliary fuel injection passage to the inside of the unburned gas passage. 8. An ejector auxiliary fuel injection hole for an incinerator according to claim 7, wherein one of said connecting means is mounted on said auxiliary fuel injection flow path, and said other of said connection means is in the direction of said unburned gas flow path. A communication means is provided, and an auxiliary fuel injection nozzle having an injection direction virtual axis directed toward the unburned gas flow path is attached to an end of the communication means, and an injection port of the auxiliary fuel injection nozzle is connected to the unburned gas flow path. An ejector for an incinerator, wherein the ejector is arranged so as to open inside. 9. An incinerator ejector auxiliary fuel injection hole according to claim 7, wherein one of the connection means is mounted on the auxiliary fuel supply flow path, and the other of the connection means is connected to the unburned gas flow path. A communication means is provided, and an auxiliary fuel injection nozzle having an injection direction virtual axis directed toward the unburned gas flow path is attached to an end of the communication means, and an injection port of the auxiliary fuel injection nozzle and the unburned gas flow path are provided. An ejector for an incinerator, characterized in that a flow path communicating with the ejector is provided. 10. The tube wall of the auxiliary fuel injection flow path of the ejector for an incinerator according to claim 8 instead of the communicating means between the auxiliary fuel injection nozzle and the auxiliary fuel injection flow path. An ejector for an incinerator, wherein a hole is provided in the hole, and the auxiliary fuel injection nozzle is directly mounted in the hole. 11. An ejector body penetrates through the interior of the body from one point of the surface of the ejector body and communicates with and opens to a surface of the ejector body different from the one point of the surface for passing a cooling medium (for example, water). The ejector for an incinerator according to any one of claims 2 to 10, wherein a cooling medium flow path is provided. 12. A funnel-shaped tip having a bottom provided with a fly ash outlet at the tip of the funnel, and an opening / closing means provided at the fly ash outlet, and connected to a periphery of the bottom. A low-temperature gas outlet, a side wall forming a combustion gas inlet positioned above the low-temperature gas outlet, and a ceiling connected to the uppermost periphery of the side wall and forming a high-temperature gas outlet. , Wherein the inner wall of the heat exchange tank is divided into at least two or more types of regions in an upper part and a lower part in a vertical direction, and using a refractory material having a different component for each of the areas. The heat exchange material for an incinerator, wherein the refractory material at the lower portion of the inner wall is made of a refractory material having a property of emitting a large amount of heat rays when heated as compared with the refractory material at the upper inner wall. tank. 13. A funnel-shaped tip having a bottom provided with a fly ash outlet at the tip of the funnel, and an opening / closing means provided at the fly ash outlet, and connected to a periphery of the bottom. A side wall forming a low-temperature gas outlet, a combustion gas inlet located above the low-temperature gas outlet, and a high-temperature gas outlet located above the combustion gas inlet, and a top portion of the side wall And a ceiling portion connected to the periphery of the heat exchange tank, wherein the inner wall of the heat exchange tank is divided into at least two types of regions, an upper portion and a lower portion in a vertical direction, and each region has a different shape. For the incinerator, the refractory material at the lower portion is composed of a refractory material having a large amount of heat rays radiated when heated, compared with the refractory material at the upper portion. Heat exchange tank. 14. The heat exchange tank according to claim 12, further comprising: a position inside the heat exchange tank for the incinerator, near the low-temperature gas outlet, and above. The protrusion having at least a large area with respect to the cross-sectional area of the low-temperature gas outlet is formed in a direction having a downward gradient from the inner wall of the heat exchange tank toward a virtual center line in the vertical direction of the tank. A heat exchange tank for an incinerator, comprising a fly ash shield fixed to the inner wall via a mounting member. 15. An incinerator comprising a screw type conveyor instead of the opening / closing means provided at the fly ash outlet of the heat exchange tank for an incinerator according to claim 12. For heat exchange tank.