JP2007147176A - Incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To completely burn urban garbage while reducing energy cost. <P>SOLUTION: This incinerator 10 for applying an incineration process to urban garbage F is provided with a primary combustion vessel 20, a secondary combustion vessel 30 arranged adjacently to it, and a communication pipe 40 installed between the primary and secondary combustion vessels 20 and 30. The primary vessel 20 includes a primary air hole 231 arranged in the vicinity of a swingable lid 23, and a primary burner 24 used for combustion and thermal decomposition of the urban garbage F. The secondary combustion vessel 30 includes a blast blower 34 arranged in the vicinity of a stack 33 for supplying sucked outside air into the stack 33 to be directed in an exhaust direction, and a secondary burner 35 used for burning a flammable gas F1 generated by the thermal decomposition of the urban garbage F by blasting flame toward the downstream end of the communication pipe 40. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an incinerator that incinerates combustible materials, and more particularly to an incinerator suitable for incineration of trash and combustible waste mixed with various combustible materials.

  In general, municipal waste, which is a combustible object mixed with various combustible materials, is incinerated by a stalker type incinerator or a fluidized bed type incinerator. The stalker-type incinerator sequentially puts city trash on the grate, ignites the city trash on the grate with a burner, and introduces combustion air from the bottom of the grate. The incineration process is continued. Usually, the burner is often used only at the time of initial ignition, and when the municipal waste itself starts to burn in earnest, the burner is generally dropped or extinguished. Conventionally, this type of incinerator has been the mainstream.

  On the other hand, the fluidized bed type incineration apparatus that has been attracting attention in recent years, for example, as described in Patent Document 1, a sand layer is formed by loading sand at the bottom of a cylindrical furnace body, The primary air is introduced from the bottom of the sand layer to cause the sand layer to flow, thereby forming a fluidized bed. While the fluidized bed is heated to a high temperature by a burner, municipal waste is introduced into the furnace body from a position above the sand layer, and secondary air is supplied. The burner is extinguished when the combustion state of the municipal waste is stabilized, and the municipal waste is continuously put into the furnace body in this state. Incombustible materials such as combustion ash, metal, and ceramics are buried in the sand layer, but are separated by sieving.

Such a fluidized bed incinerator is simple in structure and low in equipment cost, and can cope with all types of municipal waste, and is expected in the future.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-91631

  By the way, in the fluidized bed type incinerator as described in Patent Document 1, first, in order to flow the sand layer loaded in the furnace body, a considerable amount of primary air is considerably contained in the sand layer. Therefore, there is a problem that the energy cost is increased.

  Also, municipal waste thrown on the sand layer in the furnace body is first pyrolyzed by obtaining heat from the sand layer whose lower surface is heated to a high temperature, and part of it burns and the rest does not burn as smoke. The combustion exhaust gas derived from the top of the furnace body contained harmful gases such as carbon monoxide (CO) that were not used for combustion. In this state, there is a problem that a lot of costs increase due to the secondary processing.

  In addition, when waste heat recovery is performed in order to effectively use the combustion waste heat of municipal waste, there is a problem that the thermal efficiency is inferior because the municipal waste is not completely burned.

  Furthermore, in order to form a fluidized bed effectively by flowing the sand layer, a considerable amount of sand is required, and eventually the incinerator becomes large-scale, so that it is for home use or small factory use. Cannot be applied, and there is a problem that versatility is inferior.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and is capable of completely combusting combustible materials while reducing the energy cost for incineration treatment, and is effectively harmless to the derived combustion exhaust gas. To provide an incinerator with high versatility that can improve the heat efficiency of waste heat recovery and can be applied to small-scale use such as home use. It is an object.

  The invention described in claim 1 is an incinerator for incinerating a loaded combustible material, a primary combustion container, a secondary combustion container adjacent to the primary combustion container, and these 1 Each of the secondary combustion vessel and the secondary combustion vessel is provided so as to pass through between the primary combustion vessel and the secondary combustion vessel. The primary combustion vessel includes a primary air hole provided in the vicinity of the opening for loading the combustible material, and the primary air hole. A primary burner provided for combustion and pyrolysis of the combustible material, and the secondary combustion vessel is configured to burn the combustible gas generated by the thermal decomposition of the combustible material in the first combustion vessel. A secondary burner to be provided, and a secondary air hole provided in the vicinity of the secondary burner, and sucks the combustible gas from the bottom of the primary combustion vessel toward the secondary combustion vessel through the connecting pipe It is characterized in that a suction means is provided. .

  According to such a configuration, the combustible material is loaded into the primary combustion container until it is filled from the loading opening and then the suction means is driven, whereby the outside air as the primary air is primarily combusted from the primary air hole. After passing through the gap between the combustibles that are sucked into the vessel and loaded, it becomes a downward flow, is introduced into the secondary combustion vessel through the connecting pipe, and is then discharged from the secondary combustion vessel to the outside. As a result, the primary air hole, the inside of the primary combustion container, the communication pipe, and the airflow reaching the secondary combustion container are formed.

  In this state, when the primary and secondary burners are ignited and the combustible located at the top of the primary combustion vessel is ignited by the flame of the primary burner, the combustible is supplied to the primary air supplied from the primary air holes. The generated smoke (combustible gas) is attracted by the downward flow and descends the gap between the combustible materials, and then introduced into the secondary combustion container through the connecting pipe. The combustible gas led out from the front end of the connecting pipe into the secondary combustion container is burned by the flame of the secondary burner and the outside air introduced from the secondary air hole, and then discharged from the secondary combustion container to the outside. .

  Then, both the primary burner and the secondary burner are extinguished in a state where combustion of the upper part of the combustible material in the primary combustion container and combustion of the combustible gas in the secondary combustion container are stable. Then, the combustible material is combusted by the primary air introduced from the primary air hole without borrowing the power of the primary burner, and the combustible gas introduced into the secondary combustion container from the tip of the connecting pipe. Is self-combusted by the secondary air introduced from the secondary air hole without particularly using the power of the secondary burner, and these combustion states are continued until the combustibles in the primary combustion container are burned out.

  Thus, the primary combustion container in which the combustible material is loaded in the incinerator, the secondary combustion container connected to the primary combustion container via the communication pipe, and the 2 through the communication pipe from the bottom of the primary combustion container. And a suction means for sucking combustible gas toward the secondary combustion container. Therefore, the primary combustion container is first ignited by igniting the primary and secondary burners while the suction means is driven. The combustible gas generated when the uppermost combustible material loaded in the cylinder is ignited and burned by the primary burner travels from the primary combustion container formed by driving the suction means to the secondary combustion container. Along with the air current, it burns in the secondary combustion vessel. Even if both the primary and secondary burners are extinguished after these combustion states are stabilized, the combustion of the combustible material and the combustible gas obtained therefrom is continued, whereby the incineration of the combustible material proceeds. .

  The reason why the combustion of the combustible material in a stable state is continued is that the combustible material is combusted from the upper part to the lower part so that the incense sticks are burned. This is because the overall three-dimensional shape of the combustible material does not change significantly, only the height level is quasi-statically lowered, and the shape does not collapse. Therefore, since the combustible gas generated by the thermal decomposition of the combustible material can be obtained in a stable state, the secondary combustion treatment of the combustible gas is also smooth because there is no significant fluctuation in flow rate, and Surely done.

  On the other hand, when the combustible material burns from the lower part, the upper combustible material that has not yet combusted falls toward the portion disappeared by the combustion, and this fall is repeated as the combustion progresses. The combustion state becomes unstable due to the collapse of the shape of the combustible material, and the generation of a steady combustible gas cannot be obtained, so that the combustible gas cannot be stably combusted.

  Even if the primary and secondary burners are only ignited for a very short time until the combustible material is ignited and stably combusted, the combustible material and the combustible gas generated from the combustible material are subsequently Since the incineration process proceeds by self-combustion, the energy cost is greatly reduced compared to the conventional case where the burner had to be always in an ignition state.

  In addition, since the combustible gas generated from the combustible material is completely burned by the secondary air in the secondary combustion container, inconvenience that harmful gas generated by incomplete combustion is diffused into the atmosphere. Is suppressed.

  Furthermore, it can be applied to small-scale use such as using an incinerator as a household heating device, and is versatile. Particularly when used for home use, the secondary combustion container is disposed indoors with the central part of the connection pipe as a boundary, while the indoor space can be widened by installing the primary combustion container outdoors. .

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the suction means sucks a stack extending outward from an upper surface of the secondary combustion container and a vicinity of the stack. A push blower for supplying outside air into the stack so as to go to the exhaust direction, and the secondary burner is set at an installation position so as to blow a flame toward the downstream end of the connecting pipe It is characterized by.

  According to this configuration, when the combustible material is loaded into the primary combustion container from the loading opening until it is full, and the pushing blower is driven after closing the open / close lid, the air flow blown from the tip of the pushing blower is generated in the stack. As a result, the upward air flow is formed in the secondary combustion container due to the ejector effect. Therefore, the outside air is attracted by the upward air flow and is sucked into the primary combustion container from the primary air hole as the primary air. After passing through the gap between the combustibles loaded, it becomes a downward flow, is introduced into the secondary combustion vessel through the connecting pipe, then rises in the secondary combustion vessel and is discharged from the stack to the outside. As a result, an air flow reaching the primary air hole, the primary combustion container, the communication pipe, the secondary combustion container, and the stack is formed.

  In this state, the secondary burner is ignited and the downstream end of the connecting pipe in the secondary combustion container is heated to a high temperature with the flame, and then the primary burner is ignited. Then, the combustible material positioned at the top of the primary combustion container is ignited by the flame of the primary burner, the combustion is continued by the primary air supplied from the primary air holes, and the generated smoke (combustible gas) is generated. After being attracted by the downward flow and descending the gap between the combustible materials, the gas is introduced into the secondary combustion container through the connection pipe. At this time, the combustible gas derived from the front end of the communication pipe is ignited and burned by contact with the flame of the secondary burner and the front end of the communication pipe heated to a high temperature by the secondary burner. Continued by the introduction of outside air from the secondary air holes. The combustion exhaust gas after combustion is discharged to the outside through the stack.

  Then, both the primary burner and the secondary burner are extinguished in a state where the combustion of the upper part of the combustible material in the primary combustion container and the combustion of the combustible gas at the tip of the communication pipe in the secondary combustion container are stable. Then, the combustible material is combusted by the primary air introduced from the primary air hole without borrowing the power of the primary burner, and the combustible gas introduced into the secondary combustion container from the tip of the connecting pipe. Is self-combusted by the secondary air introduced from the secondary air hole without particularly using the power of the secondary burner, and these combustion states are continued until the combustibles in the primary combustion container are burned out.

  In this way, the suction means is a stack extending outward from the upper surface of the secondary combustion container, and a push-in for supplying the sucked outside air provided in the vicinity of the stack into the stack so as to go in the exhaust direction. It is configured with a blower, and the position of the secondary burner is set so that the flame is blown toward the downstream end of the connecting pipe. The combustible gas generated in the container is reliably combusted in the secondary combustion container.

  A third aspect of the invention is characterized in that, in the first aspect of the invention, the combustible material is garbage discarded as an unnecessary material. According to such a configuration, the incinerator according to the present invention contributes to the disposal of garbage that is unnecessary.

  The invention according to claim 4 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an unburned combustible material is caused to flow through a lower portion of the primary combustion vessel through thermal decomposition of the combustible material. An air collecting member is provided that collects the lowered combustible gas and then guides it to the connecting pipe.

  According to such a configuration, the combustible gas generated by the pyrolysis of the combustible material in the primary combustion container is collected by the air collecting member after flowing through the unburned combustible material, and is effectively communicated. Guided to piping.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the secondary combustion vessel is heated only by an initial stage by the secondary burner and then heated by self-combustion of the combustible gas. The heat holding member to be provided is provided.

  According to this configuration, the combustible gas introduced into the secondary combustion container at the initial stage of the incineration process of the combustible material by the incinerator is the heat from the heat holding member heated by the flame of the secondary burner and the secondary burner. Is ignited and burned in the secondary combustion vessel. After that, since the heat holding member is heated by the self-combustion of the combustible gas, even if the secondary burner is extinguished thereafter, the combustible gas newly introduced into the secondary combustion container is not generated by the self-combustion of the combustible gas. It is ignited in a stable state by contact with the heated heat holding member, and combustion is continued.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the fifth aspect of the present invention, in the secondary combustion container, the combustion promotion for accelerating the combustion of the liquid combustible material contained in the combustible gas at a position above the heat holding member. A member is provided.

  According to such a configuration, even if the liquid combustible material is included in the combustible gas introduced into the secondary combustion container, and the liquid combustible material is in an unburned state, the liquid combustible material is Since combustion is promoted by contact with a combustion promoting member provided above the heat retaining member, it contributes to complete combustion of the combustible gas.

  The invention according to claim 7 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein waste heat is exchanged in the secondary combustion container by heat exchange with combustion exhaust gas obtained by combustion of combustible gas. Waste heat recovery means for recovering is provided.

  According to such a configuration, the waste heat recovery means recovers the waste heat by exchanging heat with the combustion exhaust gas obtained by the combustion of the combustible gas, thereby contributing to the effective use of the waste heat.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the combustible material loaded in the primary combustion container is ignited on the upper part thereof by the primary burner, and is sucked into the primary combustion container by the driving of the suction means. Thus, the combustible material burns from the upper part to the lower part so that the incense sticks burned up, so that the overall three-dimensional shape of the combustible material in the primary combustion container does not change significantly. In addition, since the quasi-static height level only decreases and does not collapse, the flammable gas generated by the pyrolysis of the flammable material can be obtained in a stable state. The next combustion process can be performed smoothly and reliably without significant fluctuations in flow rate.

  In addition, since the combustible gas generated from the combustible material is completely burned by the secondary air in the secondary combustion container, inconvenience that harmful gas generated by incomplete combustion is diffused into the atmosphere. Can be reliably prevented.

  Furthermore, it can be applied to small-scale use such as a home heating device, and the incinerator can be made versatile.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the structure of the suction means is a simple structure comprising a stack and a push-in blower, and the combustible gas generated in the primary combustion container is generated in the secondary combustion container. It can be reliably burned.

  According to the invention described in claim 3, since the combustible material is garbage discarded as an unnecessary material, it can contribute to the treatment of the waste as an unnecessary material.

  According to invention of Claim 4, the combustible gas which generate | occur | produced by the thermal decomposition of the combustible in the primary combustion container flows through the unburned combustible, descends, and is collected by the air collection member. Therefore, the combustible gas can be effectively led to the connection pipe.

  According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the combustible gas introduced into the secondary combustion container at the initial stage of the incineration process of the combustible material by the incinerator is retained by the flame of the secondary burner and the secondary burner. It is ignited by obtaining heat from the member, and can be burned in the secondary combustion container. After that, since the heat holding member is heated by the self-combustion of the combustible gas, even if the secondary burner is extinguished thereafter, the combustible gas newly introduced into the secondary combustion container is not generated by the self-combustion of the combustible gas. It is ignited in a stable state by contact with the heated heat holding member, and combustion can be continued.

  According to the invention described in claim 6, even if a liquid combustible material is contained in the combustible gas introduced into the secondary combustion container, and the liquid combustible material is in an unburned state, Combustion is promoted by contact with a combustion promoting member provided at a position above the heat retaining member, and thus can contribute to complete combustion of combustible gas.

  According to the seventh aspect of the invention, the waste heat recovery means recovers the waste heat by heat exchange with the combustion exhaust gas obtained by the combustion of the combustible gas, and thus can contribute to the effective use of the waste heat. .

  FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an embodiment of an incinerator according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line XX. As shown in these drawings, the incinerator 10 includes a primary combustion container 20 that performs a primary combustion process on the loaded municipal waste (combustible material) F, and the primary combustion container 20 converts the municipal waste F into the municipal waste F. A secondary combustion container 30 that performs a secondary combustion process on the combustible gas F1 generated by performing the primary combustion process, and a primary combustion that is installed between the primary combustion container 20 and the secondary combustion container 30 It has a basic configuration including a communication pipe 40 for sending the combustible gas F <b> 1 generated in the container 20 to the secondary combustion container 30.

  In the present embodiment, the primary combustion container 20 covers a primary container body 21 made of a bottomed cylindrical body made of a steel material such as stainless steel, and substantially half of the primary combustion container 20 in the upper surface opening of the primary container body 21. A semicircular top plate 22 provided in such a manner, a semicircular opening / closing lid 23 mounted on a linear edge of the top plate 22 via a butterfly plate 211 so as to be openable and closable, and a primary container body 21 and a primary burner 24 mounted at the upper position of 21.

  Further, an ash take-out port 212 for taking out the combustion ash F2 is opened at an appropriate position on the lower peripheral wall of the primary container main body 21, and a bottom lid 213 for closing the ash take-out port 212 so as to be opened and closed is provided. ing. The combustion ash F2 accumulates on the bottom plate of the primary container body 21 after the municipal waste F in the primary combustion container 20 disappears due to the progress of combustion, and the municipal waste F in the primary combustion container 20 1 exists in the upper part of the ignition layer F0. However, in FIG. 1, for convenience of explanation, although the municipal waste F is present in the primary combustion container 20, the top of the bottom plate 25 is present. Shows combustion ash F2.

  A primary air hole 231 is formed at a substantially central position of the opening / closing lid 23, and is pivotally supported around a vertical shaft 233 standing in the vicinity of the primary air hole 231. An opening degree adjusting plate 232 is provided, and the opening degree of the primary air hole 231 is adjusted by rotating the opening degree adjusting plate 232 forward and backward about the vertical axis 233.

  In the primary combustion container 20, the opening / closing lid 23 is opened, and the municipal waste F is fully loaded until the upper part of the municipal waste F reaches the top plate 22. The primary burner 24 is ignited after the opening of the primary air hole 231 is adjusted by H.232, and the upper part of the municipal waste F is ignited.

  In the present embodiment, the primary burner 24 is provided so as to extend in the radial direction through the peripheral wall of the primary container body 21 at a substantially lower position at the center of the arc edge of the top plate 22. In the primary burner 24, the liquid fuel L stored in the fuel storage tank 80 provided in the vicinity of the incinerator 10 is fed by the drive of the fuel pump 81, and the outside air is taken in as combustion air A. It is made to ignite by the predetermined | prescribed operation | movement of an ignition device. The burner port of the primary burner 24 is formed flat, and the flame injected from the burner port spreads in a fan shape so that the top of the municipal waste F can be covered evenly.

  The primary air A1 becomes a steady flow by driving a pusher blower 34, which will be described later, provided in the secondary combustion container 30, and is introduced into the primary combustion container 20 from the primary air hole 231. As a result, the municipal waste F burns and the ignition layer F0 descends sequentially.

  The communication pipe 40 is a combustible gas F1 generated by the combustion of municipal waste F in the primary combustion container 20 (a gas containing a combustible component is a combustible gas F1, and therefore, in the combustible gas F1. Includes various combustible components such as various hydrocarbon gases and carbon monoxide as well as non-combustible components such as carbon dioxide.) Is collected and sent to the secondary combustion container 30. Yes, the primary and secondary combustion containers 20 and 30 are provided with a through-hole between positions slightly below the center in the vertical direction.

  The connecting pipe 40 includes a straight pipe portion 41 that extends straight between the primary and secondary combustion containers 20 and 30 in the horizontal direction, and an upstream in a state where the upstream end of the straight pipe portion 41 is bent downward. The side bend portion 42 and the downstream bend portion 43 in a state where the downstream end of the straight pipe portion 41 is bent downward. The upstream bend part 42 is positioned at the cylinder center position of the primary container body 21 while sharing the cylinder core, and the downstream bend part 43 is a secondary combustion container with the cylinder core shared. The position is set at 30 cylinder center positions.

  The upstream bend portion 42 of the connecting pipe 40 has a conical shape for efficiently collecting the combustible gas F1 descending from the ignition layer F0 in the primary combustion container 20. An air collection cone (collection member) 44 is provided.

  FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing the upstream bend portion 42 and the air collecting cone 44. As shown in FIG. 3, the upstream bend portion 42 is positioned so that its lower end surface is slightly separated from the bottom plate 25 of the primary combustion container 20. The upstream bend portion 42 is closed at its lower end by a closing plate 421, and a large number of small holes 422 are equally formed in the peripheral surface of the upstream bend portion 42 and the closing plate 421. The combustible gas F1 flowing down in the next container body 21 is introduced into the communication pipe 40 through these small holes 422. By providing a large number of small holes 422 in the upstream bend portion 42, it is possible to prevent the municipal waste F that has not been used for combustion from entering the connecting pipe 40.

  The air collecting cone 44 is for preventing the small holes 422 of the upstream bend portion 42 from being clogged by the municipal waste F loaded in the primary container main body 21, and the hole in the center portion. Is fixed to the upstream bend portion 42 by welding or the like in a state of being closely fitted to the upstream bend portion 42 and being externally fitted. The air collecting cone 44 is set to have a diameter so that the maximum outer diameter of the lower portion is at least about twice that of the upstream bend portion 42. A space that suppresses the intrusion of municipal waste F is formed between the periphery and this prevents the small hole 422 from being blocked, so that the combustible gas F1 flowing down in the primary container body 21 is small. The fluid smoothly flows into the connecting pipe 40 through the hole 422.

  In the present embodiment, the connecting pipe 40 and the air collecting cone 44 are both formed of a steel material such as stainless steel.

  Next, returning to FIG. 2, the secondary combustion container 30 includes a secondary container body 31 made of a bottomed cylindrical body made of steel such as stainless steel, and a circular top plate that covers the upper surface opening of the secondary container body 31. 32, a stack 33 erected from the center of the top plate 32, a pusher blower 34 that is mounted on the upper peripheral wall of the secondary container body 31 and feeds outside air into the stack 33 from the lower part, and a secondary container It has a basic configuration including a secondary burner 35 that is attached to the lower portion of the peripheral wall of the main body 31 and radiates a flame toward the secondary container main body 31.

  The pusher blower 34 includes a blower body 341 provided with a fan that rotates around an axial center by driving of a drive motor, and a blower pipe 342 extending from the blower body 341. The blower pipe 342 is formed in an L shape in a side view, passes through the peripheral wall of the secondary container main body 31, and extends horizontally toward the cylindrical center of the secondary container main body 31, and the horizontal portion 342a. It consists of a vertically extending vertical part 342b extending upward from within the stack 33 from the front end.

  Then, when a drive motor (not shown) provided in the blower body 341 is driven, outside air is rotated in the stack 33 via the horizontal portion 342a and the vertical portion 342b of the blower pipe 342 by rotation around the axis of the fan (not shown). In particular, a so-called ejector effect in which the inside of the stack 33 becomes negative pressure from the atmospheric pressure by the rising airflow A3 that is blown into the air and discharged from the upper end of the vertical portion 342b appears, and thereby the gas in the secondary combustion container 30 is caused to flow into the stack 33. It is discharged to the outside through. Between the primary combustion container 20 and the secondary combustion container 30, the primary combustion container 20 descends from the primary air hole 231, passes through the communication pipe 40, and reaches the secondary combustion container 30. An air flow is formed.

  The secondary burner 35 is supplied with the liquid fuel L stored in the fuel storage tank 80 by driving the fuel pump 82 and with the combustion air A supplied thereto. Then, the secondary burner 35 is ignited. Like the primary burner 24, the secondary burner 35 has a flat burner opening, and the flame injected from the burner opening spreads in a fan shape, and is thereby led out from the downstream bend portion 43 of the connecting pipe 40. In addition, it can come into contact with the combustible gas F1.

  Around the secondary burner 35, a plurality of peripheral walls of the secondary container main body 31 are formed on the concentric circle centering on the axial center of the secondary burner 35, thereby forming a plurality of circumferentially spaced pitches. The combustible gas F1 provided with the secondary air holes 311 and introduced into the secondary combustion container 30 through the communication pipe 40 obtains the secondary air A2 supplied from the secondary air holes 311 and burns. It has come to be.

  In this embodiment, a disc-shaped heat retaining member is provided below the downstream bend portion 43 so that the combustible gas F1 derived from the lower end opening of the downstream bend portion 43 of the connecting pipe 40 is surely combusted. 50 and a combustion promoting member 60 is provided above the heat retaining member 50.

  FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an embodiment of the heat retaining member 50 and the combustion promoting member 60. As shown in FIG. 4, the heat retaining member 50 is a disc member 51 made of a steel material such as stainless steel concentrically fitted and fixed to the downstream bend portion 43 of the communication pipe 40, and the disc member 51 is attached to the heat retaining member 50. A plurality of heat retaining pipes 52 made of the same material, and a central through-flow pipe 53 attached to the downstream bend portion 43 are configured.

  The disk member 51 includes a circular upper plate 511 having an outer diameter dimension set slightly smaller than the inner diameter dimension of the secondary container main body 31, and a lower plate 512 having the same shape disposed opposite to the upper plate 511 in the lower portion. The peripheral wall plate 513 is constructed between the peripheral portions of the upper and lower plates 511 and 512. The disk member 51 is set at an installation position so that the lower surface of the lower plate 512 is exposed to the flame of the secondary burner 35.

  The heat retaining pipe 52 is set to have the same length as the thickness of the disk member 51, and a plurality of the heat retaining pipes 52 are fixed to the upper and lower plates 511 and 512 of the disk member 51. In the present embodiment, the heat retaining pipes 52 are attached to the disk members 51 in two rows along concentric circles centering on the cylindrical center of the downstream bend portion 43.

  The central through-flow pipe 53 is provided concentrically with the downstream bend portion 43 of the connecting pipe 40 and penetrating through the upper pipe wall of the downstream bend portion 43.

  According to the heat retaining member 50, the disk member 51 is heated by the flame from the secondary burner 35 until the temperature becomes high enough to be red hot, and the pusher blower 34 is driven from the primary combustion container 20. When the combustible gas F1 is discharged into the secondary combustion container 30 from the lower surface opening of the downstream side bend portion 43, the combustible gas F1 rises along the peripheral wall plate 513 of the disk member 51 or the central portion. Since it flows through the through-flow pipe 53 and the plurality of heat holding pipes 52 and rises, the heat from the red hot disk member 51 is obtained and ignited and burned. Then, when the combustion state of the combustible gas F1 is stabilized, the secondary burner 35 is extinguished, and thereafter, the combustible gas F1 self-combusts. Since the disk member 51 is heated by the self-combustion of the combustible gas F1 and maintains a red hot state, the combustible gas F1 sequentially fed from the connecting pipe 40 continues to burn in a well-stabilized state.

  The combustion promoting member 60 is provided to ensure complete combustion of the combustible gas F1. The combustion promoting member 60 includes a net member 61 made of a metal material such as stainless steel, which is concentrically fixed to the downstream bend portion 43 of the connecting pipe 40 at a position above the heat retaining member 50, and the net member. And a plurality of porous bodies 62 supported by 61.

  The mesh member 61 includes an inner ring 611 that is fitted and fixed to the downstream bend portion 43 of the connection pipe 40, an outer ring 612 having a slightly larger diameter than the disk member 51, and the inner ring 611 and the outer ring 612. It consists of a wire 613 stretched vertically and horizontally. A mesh 614 is formed by the vertical and horizontal wires 613.

The porous body 62 is made of ceramic. Specifically, diatomaceous earth mainly composed of silicon oxide (SiO ₂ ) is used as a main raw material, and a predetermined amount of auxiliary raw materials such as alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ) and a binder are added and mixed into a spherical shape. What was molded and manufactured into is applied. Usually, SiO ₂ and Al ₂ O ₃ have a catalytic function when the liquid fuel is inherently pyrolyzed and reformed into a gaseous fuel, but a small amount of rare earth element is used to further improve the reforming performance. May be carried.

  The porous body 62 formed into a spherical shape is provided with a suitable number of through holes 621 in order to increase the surface area. In the present invention, the porous body 62 manufactured using diatomaceous earth as a main raw material is applied. However, the present invention is not limited to such a porous body 62, and after clay is molded and dried. A baked and hardened sphere or a porous material marketed as a so-called ceramic product is also applicable.

  By disposing the porous body 62 above the disk member 51, the liquid combustible material contained in the noncombustible combustible gas F1 comes into contact with the heated porous body 62 promptly. Since the gaseous fuel formed by the thermal decomposition is combusted, the combustible gas F1 is more completely combusted more reliably. The obtained combustion exhaust gas F3 is discharged to the outside through the stack 33 by the suction force generated by driving the push-in blower 34.

  In the present embodiment, the secondary combustion container 30 is provided with waste heat recovery means 70 for recovering waste heat from the combustion exhaust gas F3. The waste heat recovery means 70 is connected to a water supply pipe 71 drawn from a predetermined water supply source 701 such as a water supply, and a position further above the combustion promoting member 60 in the secondary combustion container 30 connected to the downstream end of the water supply pipe 71. A spiral pipe 72 as a heat exchange member disposed in the pipe and a lead-out pipe 73 connected to the downstream end of the spiral pipe 72 are provided. The water supply pipe 71 is provided with a water supply valve 711, and by opening and closing the water supply valve 711, water is supplied to the spiral pipe 72 or supplied.

  According to the waste heat recovery means 70, the water supply valve 711 is opened while the incinerator 10 is in operation, and water from the water supply source 701 is supplied to the spiral pipe 72 via the water supply pipe 71. Is heated by obtaining heat from the combustion exhaust gas F3 while circulating in the spiral pipe 72, and becomes hot water or heated steam. This hot water or heated steam is led out through the outlet pipe 73. Whether the water is derived as hot water or heated steam is a design matter for adjusting the amount of water supplied from the water supply source 701 or devising the heat transfer structure of the spiral tube 72.

  And when deriving hot water from the deriving pipe 73, the waste heat recovery means 70 can be used as a water heater, and the obtained hot water can be used as, for example, bath water. Moreover, when deriving the heating steam from the outlet piping 73, the heating steam can be used as a heat source for heating or a driving source for driving a turbine for power generation.

  Hereinafter, the operation of the incinerator 10 of the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 1 and 2 with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4 as necessary. When incineration processing is performed on the municipal waste F by the incinerator 10, first, the opening / closing lid 23 is opened as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIGS. 1 and 2, and the primary combustion container is opened from the upper surface opening of the primary container body 21. The city garbage F is put in 20 until it is full. Subsequently, the opening / closing lid 23 is closed, and the opening degree adjustment plate 232 is adjusted to adjust the opening degree of the primary air hole 231. It is preferable that the opening degree of the primary air hole 231 is substantially fully opened at first, and is appropriately adjusted according to the state of combustion of the municipal waste F.

  Next, the pusher blower 34 is driven, and the outside air taken in by the blower body 341 is blown into the stack 33 through the blower pipe 342. Then, ascending air current A3 is generated in the stack 33 due to the ejector effect. Due to this updraft A3, the municipal waste F flows through the primary air hole 231 downward in the primary container main body 21 in the primary combustion container 20, the communication pipe 40 and the secondary combustion container 30, An airflow is formed in the secondary container main body 31 toward the stack 33 through the communication pipe 40 and into the secondary container main body 31.

  In this state, the secondary burner 35 is ignited. Due to this ignition, a flame spreading in a fan shape is emitted from the secondary burner 35 toward the heat holding member 50, and thereby the heat holding member 50 is heated until it becomes a red hot state.

  Following this, the primary burner 24 is ignited. By this ignition, a flame spread in a fan shape is emitted from the primary burner 24 toward the top of the municipal waste F, whereby the top of the municipal waste F is ignited and starts to burn. The combustion state at the top of the municipal waste F is stabilized by the primary air sucked from the primary air holes 231. The primary burner 24 is extinguished after it is confirmed that the combustion state of the municipal waste F is stable and the ignition layer F0 is formed on the top of the municipal waste F. Even if the primary burner 24 is extinguished, the combustion of the municipal waste F is continued by the primary air that is forcibly sucked through the primary air holes 231, thereby maintaining the ignition layer F <b> 0.

  The combustible gas F1 generated by the thermal decomposition of the combustible component in the ignition layer F0 at the top of the municipal waste F flows down through the layer of the unburned municipal waste F below, and the air collecting cone 44 is drawn into the air collecting cone 44 from the lower peripheral edge of 44, sucked into the connecting pipe 40 through the small hole 422 of the upstream bend part 42, and the lower end of the downstream bend part 43 through the straight pipe part 41. It leads out into the secondary container main body 31 from the opening.

  The combustible gas F1 led into the secondary container body 31 is ignited by the flame from the secondary burner 35, and the combustion is continued by the secondary air introduced from the secondary air hole 311. Becomes the combustion exhaust gas F3 while rising along the outer surface of the disk member 51 and the heat holding pipe 52 of the heat holding member 50. The combustion exhaust gas F3 flows through the upper combustion promoting member 60 and contacts a large number of porous bodies 62 supported by the mesh member 61 at this time, so that unburned liquid combustible material remains in the combustion exhaust gas F3. Even so, the liquid combustible is rapidly pyrolyzed by the catalytic action of the porous body 62 and used for combustion.

  Next, the combustion exhaust gas F3 rising in the secondary container main body 31 is subjected to heat exchange with water in the spiral pipe 72 provided on the upper portion of the combustion promoting member 60 to recover waste heat, and then passes through the stack 33. Released to the outside. Moreover, the hot water and the heating steam obtained by heating in the spiral pipe 72 by heat exchange with the combustion exhaust gas F3 can be effectively used as a heat source for driving a turbine for heating or power generation.

  The secondary burner 35 is extinguished in a state where the combustion of the combustible gas F1 in the secondary combustion container 30 is stable. Even if the secondary burner 35 is extinguished, since the heat retaining member 50 is in a red-hot state due to the self-combustion of the combustible gas F1, the newly sent combustible gas F1 is removed from the heat-holding member 50 in the red-hot state. It is ignited by obtaining heat, and thereby combustion of the combustible gas F1 is continued.

  As described in detail above, the incinerator 10 according to the present invention performs an incineration process on the loaded municipal waste F, and has a bottomed primary combustion container 20 placed vertically, and the primary combustion container 20. A basic configuration provided with a bottomed secondary combustion container 30 placed vertically next to the combustion container 20, and a communication pipe 40 penetrating between the primary and secondary combustion containers 20, 30. It is what has.

  The primary combustion container 20 includes an open / close lid 23 that is openably and closably attached to an upper surface opening of the primary combustion container 20 for loading the municipal waste F into the primary combustion container 20. It has a primary air hole 231 provided in the vicinity and a primary burner 24 provided in the vicinity of the primary air hole 231 and used for combustion and thermal decomposition of municipal waste F.

  Further, the secondary combustion container 30 includes a stack 33 extending outward from a top plate 32 that closes the upper surface opening, and a stack 33 so that the sucked outside air provided near the stack 33 is directed in the exhaust direction. A push-in blower 34 to be supplied into the interior, a secondary burner 35 for blowing a flame toward the downstream end of the connecting pipe 40, and burning the combustible gas F1 generated by the thermal decomposition of the municipal waste F, and the secondary burner 35 And a secondary air hole 311 provided in the vicinity.

  By constructing the incinerator 10 in this way, the open / close lid 23 is opened and the municipal waste F is loaded into the primary combustion container 20 until it is full from the top opening, and the open / close lid 23 is closed and pushed in. When the blower 34 is driven, the outside air blown out from the tip of the pushing blower 34 rises in the stack 33, and as a result, an updraft A3 is formed in the secondary combustion container 30 due to the ejector effect. The outside air passes through the gap between the municipal wastes F that are sucked into the primary combustion container 20 from the primary air holes 231 and loaded as primary air and passes through the communication pipe 40 to enter the secondary combustion container 30. After being introduced into the secondary combustion vessel 30, the secondary combustion vessel 30 is raised and discharged from the stack 33, whereby the primary air holes 231, the primary combustion vessel 20, the connection pipe 40, and the secondary combustion vessel are discharged. 30 and a state in which the air flow leading to the stack 33 is formed.

  In this state, the secondary burner 35 is ignited, and the flame is used to heat the leading end of the connecting pipe 40 in the secondary combustion container 30 to a high temperature, and the primary burner 24 is subsequently ignited. Then, the municipal waste F located at the top of the primary combustion container 20 is ignited by the flame of the primary burner 24, the combustion is continued by the primary air supplied from the primary air holes 231, and the generated combustible gas After F1 is attracted by the airflow and descends the gap between the municipal wastes F, it is introduced into the secondary combustion container 30 through the connecting pipe 40. At this time, the combustible gas F1 derived from the tip of the connection pipe 40 is ignited and burns by contacting the flame of the secondary burner 35 and the tip of the connection pipe 40 heated to a high temperature by the secondary burner 35. This combustion is continued by the introduction of outside air from the secondary air hole 311. The combustion exhaust gas F3 after combustion is discharged to the outside through the stack 33.

  The primary burner 24 and the secondary burner in a state where the combustion of the upper part of the municipal waste F in the primary combustion container 20 and the combustion of the combustible gas F1 at the tip of the connecting pipe 40 in the secondary combustion container 30 are stable. Extinguish both 35s. Then, the municipal waste F is burned by the primary air introduced from the primary air hole 231 without any special force from the primary burner 24 and introduced into the secondary combustion container 30 from the tip of the connecting pipe 40. The combustible gas F1 thus generated is self-combusted by the secondary air introduced from the secondary air hole 311 without particularly using the power of the secondary burner 35, and the combustion state thereof is municipal waste in the primary combustion container 20. Continue until F burns out.

  As described above, the incinerator 10 includes the primary combustion container 20 in which the municipal waste F is loaded, and the push blower 34 that is connected to the primary combustion container 20 via the connection pipe 40 and pushes the outside air into the stack 33. Since the secondary combustion vessel 30 is provided, the tip of the connecting pipe 40 in the secondary combustion vessel 30 is heated to a high temperature by the secondary burner 35 in a state where the pushing blower 34 is driven, and then the primary combustion vessel 30 is primary. By igniting the top of the municipal waste F loaded in the combustion container 20 by the primary burner 24, the combustible gas F1 generated by the combustion of the top of the municipal waste F from the primary combustion container 20 is obtained. Along with the air flow toward the secondary combustion container 30, it burns in the secondary combustion container 30. Even if both the primary and secondary burners 35 are extinguished after the combustion state is stabilized, the combustion of the municipal waste F and the combustible gas F1 obtained therefrom is continued, whereby the municipal waste F is incinerated. Is executed.

  It should be noted that the combustion of the municipal waste F in a stable state is continued because the municipal waste F is burned from the upper part to the lower part so that the incense sticks are erected. This is because the three-dimensional state of the urban garbage F in 20 does not change significantly, and the height level is only quasi-statically lowered, and it does not collapse. Therefore, since the combustible gas F1 obtained by pyrolysis of the municipal waste F can be obtained in a quantitatively stable state, the secondary combustion treatment of the combustible gas F1 is smoothly and reliably performed. .

  On the other hand, when the municipal waste F is burned from the lower part, the upper municipal waste F that has not yet been burned is dropped toward the portion disappeared by the combustion, and this fall is repeated as the combustion progresses. As the municipal waste F is deformed, the combustion state becomes unstable and the generation of the steady combustible gas F1 cannot be obtained, so that the combustible gas F1 cannot be stably combusted.

  The primary and secondary burners 24 and 35 are ignited for a very short time until the municipal waste F is ignited and stably burned, and then the combustibility generated from the municipal waste F and the municipal waste F is generated. Since the incineration process proceeds by the self-combustion of the gas F1, the energy cost can be greatly reduced as compared with the conventional case where the burner has to be always in an ignition state.

  Further, since the combustible gas F1 generated from the municipal waste F is completely burned by the secondary air in the secondary combustion container 30, harmful gas such as carbon monoxide (CO) generated by incomplete combustion is discharged into the atmosphere. It is possible to effectively suppress the occurrence of inconveniences that are diffused inside.

  Further, efficient heat recovery can be achieved by recovering heat generated by the secondary combustion process in the secondary combustion container 30 using a predetermined heat exchange means.

  In addition, it can be applied to small-scale use such as use as a household heating device, and the incinerator 10 can be made versatile.

  Further, in the lower part of the primary combustion container 20, air is collected by collecting the combustible gas F <b> 1 generated by thermal decomposition of the municipal waste F and flowing down through the unburned municipal waste F and then leading to the connecting pipe 40. Since the cone 44 is provided, the combustible gas F1 generated by the thermal decomposition of the municipal waste F in the primary combustion vessel 20 flows down through the unburned municipal waste F and then descends. Therefore, the combustible gas F1 can be effectively led to the communication pipe 40.

  Moreover, since the heat holding member 50 heated by the secondary burner 35 only in the initial stage and then heated by the self-combustion of the combustible gas F1 is provided in the secondary combustion container 30, the municipal waste F by the incinerator 10 is provided. In the initial stage of the incineration process, the combustible gas F1 introduced into the secondary combustion container 30 is ignited by obtaining the flame of the secondary burner 35 and the heat from the heat holding member 50 heated by the secondary burner 35, It can burn in the secondary combustion vessel 30. Thereafter, since the heat retaining member 50 is heated by the self-combustion of the combustible gas F1, even if the secondary burner 35 is extinguished thereafter, the combustible gas F1 newly introduced into the secondary combustion container 30 is combustible. It is ignited in a stable state by contact with the heat holding member 50 heated by the self-combustion of the property gas F1, and combustion can be continued.

  Further, in the secondary combustion container 30, a combustion promoting member 60 that promotes the combustion of the liquid combustible material contained in the combustible gas F1 is provided above the heat holding member 50, so that the secondary combustion container Even if the liquid combustible material is contained in the combustible gas F <b> 1 introduced into the interior 30, and the liquid combustible material is in an unburned state, the liquid combustible material is located above the heat holding member 50. Since combustion is promoted by contact with the provided combustion promoting member 60, it is possible to contribute to complete combustion of the combustible gas F1.

  In addition, the secondary combustion container 30 is provided with waste heat recovery means 70 for recovering waste heat by heat exchange with the combustion exhaust gas F3 obtained by combustion of the combustible gas F1, so It can contribute to effective use.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and includes the following contents.

  (1) In the above embodiment, the municipal waste F has been described as an example of the combustible material, but the present invention is not limited to the combustible material being the municipal waste F. When using as a heating device, it may be wood for fuel, coal, coke or the like, and any tangible material that can be combusted may be used.

  (2) In the above embodiment, the liquid fuel from the fuel storage tank 80 is supplied to the primary burner 24 and the secondary burner 35. However, instead of the liquid fuel, a gaseous fuel such as city gas, A liquefied gas such as liquefied natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas may be employed.

  (3) In the above embodiment, the municipal waste F is adopted as the combustible material, but the present invention is not limited to the combustible material being the urban waste F, and is routinely used in ordinary households. It may be so-called household waste that is generated, or waste material collected from a demolished building or structure.

It is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an embodiment of an incinerator according to the present invention. It is XX sectional drawing of the incinerator shown in FIG. It is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an upstream side bend portion and an air collecting cone. It is a partially cutaway perspective view showing one embodiment of a heat retention member and a combustion promoting member.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Incinerator 20 Primary combustion container 21 Primary container main body 211 Butterfly board 212 Ash taking-out port 213 Bottom cover 22 Top plate 23 Opening / closing cover 231 Primary air hole 232 Opening adjustment plate 233 Vertical shaft 24 Primary burner 25 Bottom plate 30 2 Secondary combustion vessel 31 Secondary vessel body 311 Secondary air hole 32 Top plate 33 Stack 34 Pusher blower 341 Blower body 342 Blower pipe 342a Horizontal portion 342b Vertical portion 35 Secondary burner 40 Connecting pipe 41 Straight pipe portion 42 Upstream bend portion 421 Closing plate 422 Small hole 43 Downstream bend portion 44 Air collecting cone (collecting member)
50 heat retaining member 51 disk member 511 upper plate 512 lower plate 513 peripheral wall plate 52 heat retaining pipe 53 center through-flow pipe 60 combustion promoting member 61 mesh member 611 inner ring 612 outer ring 613 wire 614 mesh 62 porous body 621 through hole 70 waste heat Recovery means 701 Water supply source 71 Water supply pipe 711 Water supply valve 72 Spiral pipe 73 Derived pipe 80 Fuel storage tank 81, 82 Fuel pump A Combustion air A1 Primary air A2 Secondary air A3 Updraft F Urban garbage (combustible material)
F0 Ignition layer F1 Combustible gas F2 Combustion ash F3 Combustion exhaust gas L Liquid fuel

Claims (7)

An incinerator that incinerates a loaded combustible material,
A primary combustion container, a secondary combustion container adjacent to the primary combustion container, and a communication pipe installed penetrating between the primary and secondary combustion containers,
The primary combustion container has a primary air hole provided in the vicinity of the opening for loading the combustible material, and a primary burner provided in the vicinity of the primary air hole and used for combustion and thermal decomposition of the combustible material. ,
The secondary combustion container includes a secondary burner for combusting combustible gas generated by thermal decomposition of combustible material in the first combustion container, and a secondary air hole provided in the vicinity of the secondary burner. Have
An incinerator comprising suction means for sucking the combustible gas from the bottom of the primary combustion container through the communication pipe toward the secondary combustion container.   The suction means includes a stack extending outward from the upper surface of the secondary combustion container, and a push-in blower that is provided in the vicinity of the stack and supplies the sucked outside air into the stack in the exhaust direction. The incinerator according to claim 1, wherein an installation position of the secondary burner is set so as to blow a flame toward a downstream end of the communication pipe.   The incinerator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the combustible material is municipal waste discarded as an unnecessary material.   An air collecting member is provided at the lower part of the primary combustion vessel for collecting the combustible gas generated by thermal decomposition of the combustible material and flowing down through the unburned combustible material and then leading to the communication pipe. The incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein   5. A heat holding member that is heated by the secondary burner only in the initial stage and then heated by self-combustion of the combustible gas is provided in the secondary combustion container. Incinerator according to crab.   The combustion promoting member for accelerating the combustion of the liquid combustible material contained in the combustible gas is provided in the secondary combustion container at a position above the heat holding member. Incinerator.   The waste heat recovery means for recovering waste heat by heat exchange with combustion exhaust gas obtained by combustion of combustible gas is provided in the secondary combustion container. An incinerator according to any one of the above.

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