JPH09303111A - Warm drain water generating system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make energy efficiently utilizable by providing a heater absorbing waste heat to vaporize a refrigerant expanded, pump cooling refrigerant vapor coming out of a turbine liquefied thereafter returned to a pump, etc., in generating by utilizing waste heat discharged from a generating cycle. SOLUTION: In a thermal power plant 20, water heated in a boiler 21 comes to be superheated steam of high temperature high pressure, by this pressure, a turbine 22 is rotated, its output low temperature low pressure steam is cooled and condensed in a condenser 23, this condensed water is returned to the boiler 21 by a pump 24. On the other hand, warm drain water obtained in the condenser 23 is fed to a heater 1 of warm drain water generating system by a pump 9, ammonia as a refrigerant is heated, ammonia gas of high temperature high pressure is produced, in this way, a turbine 2 is rotated, generation is performed by a generator 5. Ammonia gas passing through the turbine 2 is pressurized by a pump 4, cooled by a cooler 3, so as to be returned to liquid ammonia, to be again guided to the heater 1.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention generates electric power by using warm waste water (cooling water) discharged from a power plant such as a thermal power plant or a nuclear power plant, which uses a heated steam to rotate a turbine to generate electric power. It is about the system.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As of 1992, the total annual electric power demand of Japan is about 800 billion kilowatt hours, and the power generation equipment reaches about 200 million kilowatts. Electric power companies that supply a large amount of electric power in this way have conventionally studied many different methods for increasing the power generation efficiency of thermal power plants and nuclear power plants, which account for 80% of the power generation.
For example, the power generation efficiency of a thermal power plant is 2
Although it was 0% or less, the superheated steam after rotating the turbine of the generator was reheated by the reheater without returning to the condenser and returned to the boiler, or the heat of the gas discharged from the chimney caused the boiler to be retained. As a result of improving the thermal efficiency of each part by preheating the air supplied to it, it is now improved to nearly 40%.

The above-mentioned power generation efficiency means the ratio of how much the thermal energy of the fuel is finally converted into electric energy.

[0004]

However, about 60% of the energy other than about 40% of the energy used for power generation was transformed into nature and wasted in vain. For example, about 40% is hot waste water after cooling the condenser (mostly seawater is used), about 10% is exhaust gas diffused from the chimney into the air, and about 10% is other energy. Met.

The hot drainage will be described in detail below.
For example, in a 600,000 kilowatt class thermal power plant, 25 to 26 kiloliters of hot wastewater, which is 6 to 7 ° C higher than the seawater temperature, is discharged every second. The enormous amount of heat that this warm wastewater has is released to the sea, causing the temperature of seawater to rise, which seriously affects the habitat of living creatures living along the coast and destroys the natural environment. Further, it is wasteful to directly release the amount of heat obtained by using valuable energy such as oil, coal, and nuclear power to the natural world, and as a result, there is a problem that the global environment is further warmed.

The present invention has been proposed in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a hot drainage power generation system that efficiently uses valuable energy and suppresses the temperature rise of the entire earth.

[0007]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is a hot drainage power generation system for generating electric power by utilizing waste heat discharged from a power generation cycle using heated steam. A heater that absorbs heat and vaporizes and expands the refrigerant, a turbine that drives the generator by rotating at the pressure of the vaporized refrigerant vapor, a cooler that cools and liquefies the refrigerant vapor discharged from the turbine, and liquefies And a pump for returning the refrigerant to the heater.

Ammonia is preferable as the refrigerant used in the above hot drainage power generation system, but water, propane, chlorofluorocarbon or the like may be used.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of a hot drainage power generation system according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a hot drainage power generation system according to the present invention. The hot drainage power generation system shown in FIG. 1 uses ammonia vapor (hereinafter,
Ammonia gas) is used. This hot drainage power generation system includes a heater 1 that absorbs waste heat of hot drainage from a condenser described later to convert liquid ammonia into ammonia gas, a turbine 2 that rotates by the pressure of this ammonia gas, and a turbine 2. A pump 4 that pressurizes the passed ammonia gas, a cooler 3 that cools the pressurized ammonia gas to return it to the original liquid ammonia, and a turbine 2
And a power generator 5 that is connected to the power generator 5 to generate electric power by its rotational force.

On the other hand, the thermal power plant 20 includes a boiler 21 that burns fuel to boil water to generate steam, and a turbine 22 that is rotated by the pressure of the generated steam.
And a condenser (cooler) 23 that cools the steam that has passed through the turbine 22 to return it to the original water, a pump 24 that returns the water in the condenser 23 to the boiler 21, and a rotational force that is connected to the turbine 22. And a power generator 25 for generating electricity.

Next, the operation of the hot drainage power generation system according to the present invention will be described. First, explaining the operation of the thermal power plant 20, the water heated by the boiler 21 is
High-temperature and high-pressure superheated steam exceeding 500 degrees Celsius is generated, and the turbine 22 is rotated by the pressure. The temperature of the water vapor that has rotated the turbine 22 drops to near 100 degrees Celsius, which reduces the pressure. The low-temperature low-pressure steam is further cooled in the condenser 23 and returns to water. The water thus returned to the liquid state is pumped by the pump 24 to the boiler 2
Returned to 1.

The hot waste water obtained by cooling the steam in the condenser 23 is sent to the heater 1 of the hot waste water power generation system by the pump 9. The inside of the heater 1 is heated to 100 degrees Celsius or higher by the hot drainage water from the condenser 23. In the warm waste water power generation system of FIG. 1, the liquid ammonia that has passed through the heater 1 is heated to 100 degrees Celsius or higher, becomes high-temperature and high-pressure ammonia gas with a volume ratio of 800 times or higher, and enters the steam pipe section 7a. The turbine 2 is rotated by the pressure of this ammonia gas. Then, the generator 5 connected to the rotating shaft of the turbine 2 rotates, and the generator 5 starts power generation. The high-temperature and high-pressure ammonia gas that has passed through the turbine 2 becomes low-temperature and low-pressure inside the steam pipe portion 7b. The low-temperature low-pressure ammonia gas is pressurized by the pump 4 and cooled by the cooler 3. Ammonia gas has a high pressure due to the pump 4, so if it is cooled by the cooler 3, it will be easy even at low temperatures.
For example, at 8 atm, at about 20 degrees Celsius, it returns to the original liquid ammonia and the volume is drastically reduced and enters the liquid pipe section 8. Cooler 3
Are constantly cooled by the cooling pipe 6. Water pumped from the sea or river flows through the cooling pipe 6. The water in the sea and rivers is inexhaustible, and even at temperatures near the surface of the water, the temperature is as low as about 20 degrees Celsius, so high-temperature ammonia gas can be cooled efficiently. The high-pressure liquid ammonia is heated by the heater 1 and vaporized into high-temperature and high-pressure ammonia gas again, which is used for power generation.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of an example of another embodiment, but the difference will be briefly described here. In the hot drainage power generation system shown in the figure, the condenser 2 of the thermal power plant
3 is cooled by seawater supplied from the cooling pipe 16. The hot drainage after cooling the condenser 23 warms the heater 11 through the hot drainage pipe 19. The heating temperature of the heater 11 is slightly lower than the temperature of the previous heater 1. Liquid ammonia is vaporized by the heater 11 and becomes high-temperature and high-pressure ammonia gas to rotate the turbine 12. The ammonia gas that has rotated the turbine 12 is cooled by the cooler 13
Is cooled to become liquid ammonia, and this liquid ammonia is sent to the heater 11 again by the pump 14. This cycle of phase change is repeated, and the generator 15 connected to the turbine 12 generates electricity.

In a normal temperature difference power generation, the power generation efficiency is small because the temperature difference is small, but in the above-mentioned hot drainage power generation system, the high temperature portion is large, for example, 100 degrees Celsius, and the low temperature portion is 20 degrees Celsius. Since there is a temperature difference,
Power can be generated efficiently.

[0015]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the hot drainage power generation system of the present invention, the liquid coolant is vaporized to change the phase by using the hot drainage which is generated in a thermal power plant or a nuclear power plant and should be originally discarded as a heat source. Since the turbine and generator are rotated by the pressure to generate electricity, valuable energy can be used efficiently. This also has the great effect that the temperature rise of seawater and the entire earth can be suppressed to a low level.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of an embodiment of a hot drainage power generation system according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of another embodiment of the hot drainage power generation system according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1,11 Heater 2,12 Turbine 3,13 Cooler 4,9,14 Pump 5,15 Generator 6,16 Cooling pipe 19 Hot drainage pipe

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A hot drainage power generation system for generating power using waste heat discharged from a power generation cycle using heated steam, comprising a heater for absorbing the waste heat to vaporize and expand a refrigerant.
It consists of a turbine that drives the generator by rotating with the pressure of vaporized refrigerant vapor, a cooler that cools and liquefies the refrigerant vapor discharged from the turbine, and a pump that returns the liquefied refrigerant to the heater. A hot drainage power generation system characterized by.