WO1999022189A1

WO1999022189A1 - Temperature difference heat engine

Info

Publication number: WO1999022189A1
Application number: PCT/CN1998/000256
Authority: WO
Inventors: Yuanming Yi
Original assignee: Yuanming Yi
Priority date: 1997-10-27
Filing date: 1998-10-23
Publication date: 1999-05-06
Also published as: CN1180790A; AU9619498A

Abstract

A temperature difference heat engine which includes a multi-stage refrigerating cycle is disclosed in the invention, it is similar to the power engine which uses water as working medium, and it icludes a refrigerating cycle which provides refrigeration to the outside by pure phase change in the last stage, and a heat power cycle which provides power. The working medium used in the invention, which boiling temperature is below atmospheric temperature, is vapoured into pressure vapour by way of absorbing heat from normal atmospheric temperature, and the pressure vapour obtained drives the expansion turbine to get power output, the exhaust from the turbine is re-liquefied by the refrigeration in nearest stage from the last stage. The invention provides an energy source with low pollution, and has wide applications in many fields.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a heat engine, and more particularly, to a negative temperature difference heat engine that utilizes the energy of a negative temperature difference from low temperature to normal temperature to perform work. Background technique

Existing heat engines that provide electrical energy and mechanical power rely on burning fossil fuels to generate high-temperature heat, and then use the forward temperature difference between the natural normal temperature environment and high-temperature heat to generate power. Its disadvantages are: it consumes mineral resources and seriously pollutes the natural environment.

At present, there is a method and a device for generating electricity by utilizing the negative temperature difference between the surface layer and the deep layer of the seawater. The ice and snow in winter have been stored until summer, and the snow and ice that use the negative temperature difference between the high normal temperature environment in summer and the ice and snow for work are available. Methods and devices for power generation; and methods and devices for generating power in Antarctica using negative temperature differences between deep non-freezing seawater and severe cold surface; although these methods and devices do not consume natural fossil fuels and do not pollute the environment, but because The available temperature difference is too small and is strictly limited by natural conditions, so it still stays in the experimental development stage, and has not become a power device that can widely use clean energy. Disclosure of invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a new negative temperature difference thermal engine, which adopts pure phase change athermal refrigeration technology, utilizes the cooling capacity efficiently obtained by the pure phase change athermal refrigeration device, forms an artificial low temperature environment, and then uses the artificial low temperature environment. The energy work of the negative temperature difference from the normal temperature environment provides a power device that can be widely used and can develop and utilize clean energy on a large scale.

The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

-1-Correction page (Article 91) A negative temperature difference heat engine. Its basic components are similar to that of a heat steam engine using water as a working medium. It includes an evaporator that absorbs heat from a liquid working medium and vaporizes it into pressure steam. The pressure steam is made through pressure reduction and temperature reduction turbines. The working turbine expansion unit, a condenser that condenses the low-pressure vapor into a liquid working fluid, and a working fluid pump that re-enters the liquid working fluid into the evaporator, thereby forming a thermal vapor for work cycle;

A multi-stage refrigeration cycle using pure phase-change athermal refrigeration technology, which includes a first-stage vapor compression refrigeration cycle device consisting of a refrigeration compressor, a condenser, a throttle, and an evaporator to provide the original refrigeration capacity, and a subcooled liquid working medium A condensing plate, a second-stage liquid refrigerant working medium, and a first heat-retaining pressure vessel including the above components, together with a second-stage working medium pump; an intermediate-stage refrigeration evaporator, a subcooled liquid working medium condensing plate, and Intermediate-stage heat-preserving pressure vessel for the final-stage liquid refrigerant working fluid, together with the final-stage working fluid pump; and a terminal heat-preserving pressure vessel equipped with a final-stage refrigeration evaporator and a refrigerant;

The same thermal cycle is formed. The thermal work cycle is composed of a working medium pump, an evaporator, a turbine expansion unit, a condensing space, a connecting pipe, and a liquid working medium having a boiling point of 4 degrees below the natural environment temperature. At the same time as the power is generated, the external cooling is provided;

One end of the working fluid pump is connected to the intermediate-stage thermal insulation pressure vessel through a liquid suction pipe, and the other end of the working fluid pump is connected to the inlet of the evaporator through a working fluid infusion pipe. The pump enters the evaporator and absorbs heat from normal temperature and vaporizes into work pressure vapor;

The pressure steam outlet of the evaporator is connected to the inlet of the turbo expansion unit through a first heat insulation return pipe, and the tail gas outlet of the turbine expansion unit is connected to the intermediate-stage heat preservation pressure vessel through a second heat insulation return pipe, and the pressure steam enters the turbine. The expansion unit works as a power turbine, which drives the turbine expansion unit to work. The pressure steam is cooled and decompressed. The working fluid's exhaust gas after work is discharged from the turbine expansion unit's exhaust gas outlet and returned to the intermediate stage refrigeration cycle through the second insulation return pipe. Space, re-liquefaction.

The invention adopts a pure phase-change athermal refrigeration technology, implements a multi-stage phase-change refrigeration cycle, and produces a large amount of cooling capacity at a high cooling rate, and a large amount of deep cooling capacity when needed.

-2-Correction K (Article 91) The above cooling capacity is used repeatedly to liquefy the working fluid of the thermal working fluid after the turbine has performed work; the liquid working fluid with a boiling point lower than the normal temperature environment is pumped into the evaporator to absorb heat from the normal temperature environment and vaporize to form pressure vapor, which drives the turbine The expansion unit is operating and supplying external cooling. Brief description of the drawings

The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

The drawing is a schematic structural diagram of a negative temperature difference heat engine. Detailed description of the invention

Referring to the drawings, a refrigeration compressor 1, a condenser 2, a throttle 4, and an evaporator 6 are installed in a first heat-preserving pressure vessel 8 to form a first-stage vapor compression refrigeration cycle to provide an original refrigeration capacity. The bottom of the first heat-preserving pressure vessel 8 is filled with a liquid refrigerant 14, and the refrigeration compressor 1 and the condenser 2 in the first-stage vapor compression refrigeration cycle are immersed in the liquid refrigerant 14. A subcooled liquid working medium condensing plate 17 is provided in the middle of the first heat preservation pressure vessel 8. The working fluid pump 9 "is connected to the first thermal insulation pressure vessel 8 through a suction pipe 18", and the other end of the working fluid pump 9 "is connected to the intermediate cooling refrigeration evaporator 24 in the intermediate heat insulation pressure vessel 22 through the working fluid infusion pipe 10". connection.

The bottom of the intermediate-stage thermal insulation pressure vessel 22 is filled with a liquid refrigerant 23. The intermediate-stage refrigeration evaporator 24 and the subcooled liquid working medium condensing plate 17 'are both installed in the intermediate-stage heat-preserving pressure vessel 22. The intermediate-stage evaporator 24 is composed of a working fluid infusion pipe 10 ", a heat preservation return pipe 11", and a working fluid pump 9 "Communicates with the condensing space in the first heat-preserving pressure vessel 8 to form a phase change for a cold refrigeration cycle. One end of the working fluid pump 9 'is connected to the intermediate-stage heat-preserving pressure vessel 22 through a suction pipe 18', and the other end of the working fluid pump 9 ' It is connected to the final refrigeration evaporator 12 through the working fluid infusion pipe 10 ', that is, to the evaporator of the thermal steam engine.

The final-stage refrigerating evaporator 12 is installed in the terminal heat-preserving pressure vessel 13. The refrigerant 19 is circulated in the terminal heat-preserving pressure vessel 13, and the refrigerant 19 flows in from the refrigerant inlet 20 and performs cold and heat exchange with the final-stage evaporator 12, so that the refrigerant 19 reaches the refrigerant outlet 21 Set the cooling temperature value to continuously supply cooling to the user.

-3-Correction page (Article 91) The basic components of the negative temperature difference thermal engine described in the present invention are similar to those of a thermal steam engine using water as a working medium, and it includes an evaporator that absorbs and vaporizes liquid working medium to generate pressure steam, and allows the pressure steam to reduce the temperature and reduce the temperature of the turbine. A working turbine expansion unit, a condenser that condenses the low-pressure vapor into a liquid working fluid, and a working fluid pump that re-enters the liquid working fluid into the evaporator, thereby forming a thermal vapor work cycle.

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Form the same thermal work cycle. The thermal work cycle consists of a working fluid pump 9 ', an evaporator 12, a turbine expansion unit 31, a condensing space, a connecting pipe, and a liquid worker whose boiling point temperature is lower than the natural ambient temperature and which absorbs normal-temperature heat and vaporizes in the thermal work cycle. It is composed of mass 23, which provides external cooling while generating power. The liquid working medium 23 enters the evaporator from the intermediate heat-preserving pressure vessel 1 through the working medium pump 9 ', and absorbs heat from normal temperature environment and vaporizes into pressure vapor.

The pressure steam outlet of the evaporator 12 is connected to the air inlet of the turbine expansion unit 31 through the first insulation return pipe 32, and the exhaust gas outlet of the turbine expansion unit 31 is connected to the intermediate-stage insulation pressure vessel 22 through the second insulation return pipe 33. The pressure steam enters the turbine expansion unit 31 to work as a turbine, and drives the turbine expansion unit 31 to operate. The pressure steam is cooled and decompressed. The working medium exhaust gas after work is discharged from the exhaust gas outlet of the turbine expansion unit 31 through the second insulation. The return air pipe 33 returns to the condensing space of the intermediate-stage refrigeration cycle and re-liquefies.

The turbine expansion unit 31 can be composed of a high-pressure steam turbine expansion unit on demand, or a medium-pressure steam turbine expansion unit on demand, or a low-pressure steam turbine expansion unit on demand.

The working process of the present invention is as follows:

The refrigeration compressor 1 is started to cool, and its heat is dissipated by the latent heat of vaporization of the liquid refrigerant working medium 14, and the vapor enters the condensing space composed of the over-liquid working medium plate 17 from the vent pipe 16 and condenses.

Start the working medium pump 9 ", let the liquid refrigerant working medium 14 enter the intermediate stage evaporator 24, absorb heat from the last stage refrigerant working medium vaporize and refrigerate, and return to the first heat preservation pressure vessel 8 through the heat insulation return pipe 11" to condense Space condenses and re-liquefies.

Start the working fluid pump 9 ', pass the liquid working fluid 23 through the working fluid infusion tube 10', enter the end protection

-4-Correction 5 (Article 91) In the evaporator 12 in the warm pressure vessel 13, heat is absorbed from the refrigerant 19 to form pressure steam. The pressure steam may be saturated steam or superheated pressure steam, and enters the turbo expansion unit through the first heat insulation return pipe 32. 31. After the turbine works, it becomes low-pressure low-temperature steam, and returns to the upper-stage condensing space from the second heat-retaining and returning pipe 33. The turbine expansion unit 31 is powered by the high-pressure steam turbine.

The invention can be made into a large and medium-sized refrigeration power station, and also can be made into a small-scale refrigeration engine station. It can also be used as a variety of vehicle engines to provide clean energy power for modern industrial production and civilian use.

Claims

Claim

1. A negative temperature difference thermal engine, the basic components of which are similar to that of a thermal steam engine using water as the working medium. It includes an evaporator that absorbs heat from the liquid working medium and vaporizes it into pressure steam. The pressure steam is reduced in temperature to reduce the temperature of the turbine. The working turbine expansion unit, a condenser that condenses the low-pressure vapor into a liquid working fluid, and a working fluid pump that re-enters the liquid working fluid into the evaporator, thereby forming a thermal vapor work cycle;

It is characterized in that the thermodynamic steam work cycle and the last-stage refrigeration cycle in the pure phase-change athermal refrigeration constitute the same thermodynamic cycle, and the thermodynamic work cycle is composed of a working medium pump, an evaporator, a turbine expansion unit, Consisting of condensing space, connecting pipes, and liquid working medium with a boiling point lower than the temperature of the natural environment, while generating power for external work, it also provides external cooling;

The pressure steam outlet of the evaporator is connected to the inlet of the turbo expansion unit through a first heat insulation return pipe, and the tail gas outlet of the turbine expansion unit is connected to the intermediate-stage heat preservation pressure vessel through a second heat insulation return pipe. The pressure steam enters the turbine and expands. The unit works as a power turbine, which drives the turbine expansion unit to work. The pressure vapor is cooled and depressurized. The working fluid's exhaust gas after work is taken out of the turbine expansion unit's tail gas outlet and returned to the intermediate stage refrigeration cycle through the second insulation return pipe. Condensate the space and re-liquefy.

The negative temperature difference heat engine according to claim 1, wherein the turbine expansion unit forms a high-pressure steam turbine expansion unit as required.

The negative temperature difference heat engine according to claim 1, wherein the turbine expansion unit constitutes a medium-pressure steam turbine expansion unit as required.

The negative temperature difference heat engine according to claim 1, wherein the turbine expansion unit constitutes a low-pressure steam turbine expansion unit as required.