JPH09125544A - Air circulating building - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To properly conduct the ventilation of the whole building by arranging a stud groundsill narrower in width than a stud in the horizontal direction as the core material of a wall section, and forming an intra-wall air passage in the vertical direction between an inside wall material and an outside wall material. SOLUTION: A stud 60 is arranged in the vertical direction as the core material of the wall section of a building, an inside wall material 32 is stretched on the inside of the stud 60, and an outside wall material 11 is stretched on the outside. A horizontal material such as a stud groundsill 62 narrower in width in the direction perpendicular to the wall face than the stud 60 is arranged in the horizontal direction as the core material of the wall section of the building. The stud groundsill 62 is fixed at an interval from the inside wall material 32 or the outside wall material 11, and an intra-wall air passage 34 in which air flows in the vertical direction is formed between the inside wall material 32 and the outside wall material 11. The ventilation of the whole building including the inside of a wall body is properly conducted via the intra-wall air passage 34, and the dew condensation or excessive drying in the wall body can be prevented.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an air circulation building.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a building such as a house, a wall is provided with a heat insulating structure in order to enhance the effect of heating and cooling the room.
In general, this heat insulating structure has a structure in which a heat insulating material is inserted between the inner wall and the outer wall so as not to be affected by the outdoors and at the same time prevent heat inside the room from escaping to the outside. As an example of the construction method for such a building as a house, there is a two-by-four construction method (hereinafter, referred to as “2 × 4 construction method”) in which timber used for pillars, foundations, beams, etc. is standardized to obtain load-bearing strength on walls. There is.

FIG. 4 shows the main part of the structure of a building constructed by the conventional 2 × 4 construction method. 22 is a standing wall, which constitutes a part of the foundation concrete part. 67 is a base, which is connected to the upright wall portion 22 with bolts. Reference numeral 70 denotes an end joist, which is arranged and fixed on the base 67 (in the direction along the wall surface). Reference numeral 72 denotes a floor joist, the end of which is placed on the base 67 and is arranged and fixed so as to extend in a direction orthogonal to the wall surface. A floor board 74 is fixed to the floor joist 72. Reference numeral 62 denotes a stud base, which is fixed on the end joist 70 via a floor board 74 (in the direction along the wall surface). A plurality of studs 60 are fixed to the stud base 62 at their lower ends and are erected at predetermined intervals. Reference numeral 11 denotes an outer wall material, which has at least a layer of structural plywood and is fixed to the stud 60. This outer wall material 11
By being fixed, load-bearing strength can be obtained by the wall. According to this 2 × 4 construction method, the heat insulating material 21 is arranged between the joists under the floor, between the outer wall material 11 and the inner wall material 32 at the wall, and on the ceiling plate at the ceiling 38, and the air flow is performed. To improve the heat insulation.

[0004]

However, 2 × 4
Compared with the conventional construction method, the construction method building is superior in heat insulation because the air in the wall is fixed and difficult to move, but
In the humid climate of Japan, there is a concern about condensation inside the walls. If dew condensation occurs in the wall or if it dries too much, the wood easily rots and is easily damaged. As a measure against moisture, vinyl may be attached to the inner surface of the wall of the inner wall member 32, but there still remain problems such as dew condensation in the wall body and excessive drying. In ventilation, only the air in the room was replaced, and the air in the wall remained fixed.

The present invention has been made to solve these problems, and its purpose is not only to replace the air in the room, but also to ventilate the entire building such as the wall. To provide an air circulation building.

[0006]

The present invention has the following constitution in order to achieve the above object. That is, a pillar vertically arranged as a core material of the wall of the building, an inner wall material stretched inside the pillar, and an outer wall material stretched outside the pillar,
It is arranged in the horizontal direction as a core material of the wall portion of the building, the width in the direction orthogonal to the wall surface is provided narrower than that of the pillar, and air flows vertically between the inner wall material and the outer wall material. A horizontal member is fixed to the inner wall member or the outer wall member with a gap so that an in-wall air channel is formed.

[0007] Further, since the base which is the horizontal member is fixed to the inner wall air passage with a gap with the outer wall member,
By communicating with the underfloor space, it is possible to preferably communicate with the underfloor space.

Further, since the in-wall air flow path is fixed with a gap between it and the inner wall member that is the horizontal member,
By communicating with the attic space, it is possible to preferably communicate with the attic space.

Further, by providing an outside air introduction duct for introducing outside air into the building and an exhaust duct for discharging the air circulated in the building to the outside to provide ventilation, by providing a heat insulating material on the side wall and the girder of the building. The underfloor space and each room are arranged so as to be insulated from the outside, and the outside air introduction duct is provided with one end opened outside the building and the other end opened in the underfloor space, and the outside air introduced from the outside air introduction duct By providing a heat exchange ventilation fan that totally exchanges heat between exhaust gas exhausted from the exhaust duct by recirculating each room, the indoor environment space can be more preferably maintained comfortably.

By constructing the building by the so-called two-by-four method, an air circulation building can be constructed more rationally.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory sectional view schematically showing a main part of an embodiment of an air circulation building according to the present invention. This example is a building constructed by the 2 × 4 method. Numeral 60 is a stud, which is a pillar vertically arranged as a core material of the wall of the building. The studs 60 may be made of standard wood, for example, a width of 6 inches,
It is formed into a square bar having a thickness of 2 inches.

Reference numeral 32 denotes an inner wall member, which is stretched inside the stud 60 to form an inner wall portion. As the inner wall member 32, for example, a gypsum board can be used. Reference numeral 11 denotes an outer wall material, which is stretched outside the stud 60. The outer wall member 11 has at least a layer of structural plywood and is fixed to the stud 60. By fixing the outer wall member 11, it is possible to obtain a wall having a withstand load strength.

Reference numeral 62 denotes a stud base, which is horizontally arranged as a core material of a wall portion of the building, has a width narrower than that of the stud 60 in the direction orthogonal to the wall surface, and is composed of the inner wall material 32 and the outer wall material 11. In-wall air flow path 3 in which air flows vertically between
4 to form inner wall material 32 or outer wall material 1
1 and the outer wall member 11 in this embodiment, which is one of the horizontal members fixed with a gap. The stud base 62 may be made of standard wood, and as an example, it may be formed of a square bar having a width of 4 inches and a thickness of 2 inches (hereinafter referred to as “4 × 2 square bar”).

Reference numeral 22 is a standing wall portion which constitutes a part of the basic concrete portion. A base 64 is fixed to the standing wall portion 22 with bolts. This base 64 is
It is a 6 × 2 square member and is placed and fixed on the standing wall portion 22 in the direction along the wall surface.

Reference numeral 66 denotes a ventilation base, which is an underfloor ventilation port 65.
5x intermittently fixed on the base 64 to form a
It is a square timber. The underfloor vent 65 communicates with the underfloor space 25. 68 is a joist base, which is a 5 × 2 square timber fixed on the ventilation base 66. The ventilation base 66 and the joist base 68 are horizontal members similar to the stud base 62,
It is fixed to the outer side wall member 11 with a gap therebetween, whereby the underfloor vent hole 65 communicates with the in-wall air flow passage 34.

Numeral 70 is an end joist, and a joist base 68
It is a 6 × 2 square bar that is arranged and fixed in two rows above (in the direction along the wall surface). The outer wall material 11 is arranged so as to form an in-wall air flow path 34 at a predetermined interval. Reference numeral 72 denotes a floor joist, the end of which is placed on the joist base 68 and is arranged and fixed so as to extend in a direction orthogonal to the wall surface, and is a 6 × 2 square timber. The end joist 70 and the floor joist 72 are arranged so that the longitudinal direction of the cross section stands up, and the load applied to the floor can be suitably received.

Reference numeral 74 denotes a floor plate, which is mounted and fixed in two layers on the upper ends of the plurality of studs 60. The stud base 64 is fixed on the end joist 70 via a floor plate 74 (in the direction along the wall surface). The stud base 64 contacts the inner wall member 32 and is fixed to the outer wall member 11 with a gap. In addition, a plurality of studs 60 are attached to the stud base 64.
Are fixed at their lower ends and are erected at predetermined intervals.

Reference numeral 76 is a bar and is fixed to the upper ends of a plurality of studs 60 in two layers. This digit 76 is the outer wall material 1
1, and is fixed to the inner wall member 32 with a gap. As a result, a ceiling vent 80 communicating with the attic 78 is formed between the inner wall member 32 and the ceiling 38 and the beam 76. Also, 10a is a heat insulating material on the girder,
Is a rafter.

Due to such a constitution, the in-wall air flow passage 34 can preferably communicate with the underfloor space 25, and
It can also preferably communicate with the attic space 78. That is, it is possible to preferably form the in-wall air flow passage 34 between the inner wall member 32 and the outer wall member 11 in which air flows vertically. Therefore, by providing an opening that connects the in-wall air flow path 34 and each room 84, the in-wall air flow path 34 can favorably perform the circulation and circulation of air throughout the building. Therefore, it is possible to suitably ventilate the entire building, and also to suitably cool and heat the entire building by the circulating flow of air, so that the indoor environmental space can be comfortably maintained. In particular, even though the building is constructed by the 2 × 4 method, air can be circulated in the wall body appropriately, so that it is possible to prevent dew condensation and excessive drying in the wall body, and prevent deterioration of the wood. Further, the air circulation building provided with the air passage in the wall does not require a special construction process and materials such as ducts, and can be rationally constructed by the process of the normal 2 × 4 construction method.

FIG. 2 is a perspective sectional view for explaining in detail one example of a main part of a concrete structure. The same components as those shown in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals as those shown in FIG. 1 and their description is omitted. Reference numeral 10 denotes a heat insulating material, which is a plate-shaped heat insulating material formed of urethane, polystyrene or the like. 13 is a structural plywood, the stud 6
It is nailed to 0 and constitutes a wall with load bearing strength.
The base 69 is a 4 × 4 square bar. It is arranged in place of the joist base 68 of the embodiment of FIG. Reference numeral 60a is an interstitial material, and the stud base 62 and the end joist 70, and the outer wall material 11
It is arranged in a state of being inserted in the gap between and in the vertical direction to appropriately maintain the gap between them and to improve the strength of the wall. The strut 60a may be formed integrally with the stud 60, or may be disposed so as to be added to the stud 60 by another square member (1 × 2 square member). With this configuration, the in-wall air flow passage 34 can be preferably provided.

Next, the overall structure of the air circulation building according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing the overall configuration of an embodiment of the air circulation building according to the present invention. This air circulation building adopts the configuration of the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2 described above, and surrounds the indoor space of the building with a heat insulating material to maintain a high degree of airtightness and to take in outside air to force it. It is provided with an air flow path structure for ventilating the air by circulating it, and a heat exchange means. According to this air circulation building, since fresh air can be suitably introduced into the room and the temperature and humidity can be suitably adjusted, the indoor environment can be maintained in a comfortable environment. This will be described in detail below. FIG.
The same configurations as those shown in the embodiment according to FIG. 2 are designated by the same reference numerals as those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and their description is omitted.

77-gauge, a plurality of studs 60 on the first floor
It is fixed in two layers at the top of the. This girder 77 abuts on the inner wall material 32 and is fixed to the structural plywood 13 of the outer wall material 11 (see FIG. 2) with a gap. Further, the end joist 70 that supports the floor of the second floor and the body difference 88 to which the stud 60 of the second floor is fixed are also fixed to the structural plywood 13 with a gap in contact with the inner wall material 32. Thereby, the in-wall air flow path 34 is communicated with the first floor and the second floor. Reference numeral 10 is a heat insulating material that constitutes a wall of the side surface of the building, and 10a is a heat insulating material provided on the top surface of the attic. Insulation 10 forming the side surface of this building and insulation 1 forming the top surface
0a is installed so as to cover almost the entire building except windows and the like. This can improve the airtightness and heat insulation of the building.

Reference numeral 12 is an external ventilation layer provided between the outer wall surface of the heat insulating material 10. The external ventilation layer 12 is formed by mounting the external wall body 14 with a layer space for allowing air to flow between the external ventilation layer 12 and the heat insulating material 10 forming the wall body. The outer ventilation layer 12 is provided on the entire outer side surface of the wall body, and is opened at the lowermost end as shown in the figure, and communicates with the attic space 16 at the upper part. An exhaust port 18 is provided at the top of the roof, and the air that has entered from the lower end of the external wall body 14 in the external ventilation layer 12 flows into the attic space 16 and then the exhaust port 1
Exhausted from 8. In the outer ventilation layer 12, such a flow of air constantly occurs.

Reference numeral 20 is a basic concrete portion of the building, and 22
Is a standing wall portion provided integrally with the foundation concrete portion 20. The standing wall portion 22 is provided for the purpose of supporting the structure of the building such as the wall body or the pillar and for the purpose of providing an air circulation space under the floor of the building. That is, in the air circulation building of this embodiment, the entire underfloor is used as a common air circulation space for the entire building, and the air is caused to rise from the underfloor space to circulate the air to the inner surface of the wall and each room.

It is sufficient for the standing wall portion 22 to secure a sufficient space for circulating the air under the floor, but in the embodiment, the foundation concrete portion 20 is set to be lower than the position of the ground 24, and the standing wall portion 22 is placed. The height of 22 is relatively large so that the underfloor space 25 is wider than in a conventional building. The concrete foundation 20 casts concrete on the entire bottom surface of the floor to prevent moisture from entering from the bottom of the floor. Further, the basic concrete portion 22 is provided with a constant thickness so that the basic concrete portion 22 can obtain a preferable heat storage effect.

Further, by making the basic concrete portion 20 lower than the ground position, the geothermal heat can be utilized so that the temperature change of the basic concrete portion 20 becomes as small as possible depending on the season. A moisture-proof layer 26 may be provided on the lower surface of the basic concrete portion 20 in order to prevent moisture from entering the basic concrete portion 20.

The upright wall portion 22 is formed in a completely closed state without providing a ventilation port. As a result, the underfloor portion of the building is completely sealed by the foundation concrete portion 20 and the standing wall portion 22, and the airtightness of the underfloor space 25 is secured. Further, the heat insulating material 10 such as the heat insulating board is extended outside the standing wall portion 22 so that the heat insulating property in the underfloor space can be suitably obtained.

Reference numeral 30 denotes a floor portion in the room, which is constructed by stretching it on a large lumber or joist. Reference numeral 32 is an inner wall material that forms an inner wall portion of the room. As described above, the space between the inner wall material 32 and the heat insulating material 10 forming the wall body serves as the in-wall air flow path 34 which is an air flow path for allowing the air from the underfloor space 25 to flow therethrough. The in-wall air flow passage 34 is formed as a layer space between the heat insulating material 10 and the inner wall material 32, and is formed so that air can flow in the vertical direction.

Reference numeral 36 denotes an opening provided in the inner wall member 32, which connects the in-wall air flow passage 34 and the room. The opening 36 is for allowing air to flow into the room, and is installed close to the ceiling 38 in the embodiment, but may be installed at a low position on the wall surface. Further, the opening 36 may be provided not only in one place but in a plurality of places.

Reference numeral 40 denotes an intake port opened near the ceiling 38. An exhaust duct that connects the duct 44 from the intake port 40 to a heat exchange ventilation fan 42 installed above the ceiling 38 on the first floor, passes through the duct 44 through the heat exchange ventilation fan 42, and has an end extending outside the building. Contact 46. It should be noted that the intake port 40 and the heat exchange ventilation fan 42 in each room are all communicated by a duct 44 so as to communicate with the heat exchange ventilation fan 42.

Reference numeral 50 is an outside air introducing duct. The outside air introduction duct 50 is installed so that one end thereof projects from the outer wall surface of the building and is opened, and is arranged so as to pass through the heat exchange ventilation fan 42. Inside the heat exchange ventilation fan 42, outside air and exhaust air from each room are separated. Allows heat exchange, and also underfloor space 2
The other end is extended to 5 and opened in the underfloor space 25.
As a result, the outside air is introduced into the underfloor space 25 via the outside air introduction duct 50.

The heat exchange ventilation fan 42 is provided with a fan for exhausting air from each room, and by driving this fan, the air is made to flow to form an air cycle for ventilation. As the heat exchange ventilation fan 42, one having a total heat exchange effect is used. Total heat exchange is a simultaneous exchange of both temperature and humidity between exhaust gas and outside air, and the temperature and humidity are controlled by alternately connecting the thin tubes through which the exhaust gas and the outside air flow and allowing the exhaust gas and the outside air to flow through each other. Can be exchanged.

The heat exchange by the heat exchange ventilation fan 42 is performed by the mutual relationship between the temperature and humidity of the outside air and the exhaust air. If the outside air is cold in the winter, the outside air is warmed and introduced into the building, and the summer period is used. When the outside temperature is high, it acts to cool the outside air and introduce it into the building. For example, when the outside air is 0 ° C. and the humidity is about 80% in the winter period, the humidity becomes 3 when the outside air is heated to about 20 ° C. when the heat exchange is performed.
The humidity is very low, such as 0%, but the humidity is 40 to 50 by exchanging the exhaust air and the outside air by total heat exchange
A suitable living environment of about 10% can be provided.

In this embodiment, the exhaust air from each room is collected by the heat exchange ventilation fan 42 so that the exhaust air and the outside air can be effectively exchanged for humidity when the total heat is exchanged. Exhaust gas from the room where high humidity is likely to be generated is collected in the heat exchange ventilation fan 42 for total heat exchange. A large amount of dew condensation occurs in a normal building because a considerable amount of humidity is generated in a bathroom or the like, but in the case of the building of the present embodiment, the heat exchange ventilation fan 42 that does not generate dew condensation and performs total heat exchange because of excellent heat insulation. Even if the exhaust gas is returned to, effective heat exchange can be performed without adversely affecting the device.

As described above, the air circulation building of this embodiment is provided with an air circulation system for taking in outside air into the building and exchanging heat between the air inside the building and the outside air to exhaust the air from the inside of the building. It is composed. As for the flow of air in this air circulation cycle, the outside air taken in from the outside air introduction duct 50 undergoes total heat exchange with the air discharged from each room of the building by the heat exchange ventilation fan 42, and then the outside air introduction duct 50. Through the underfloor space 25. The outside air is discharged in the underfloor space 25, is stored in the underfloor space 25, and then rises from under the floor toward each room. In the underfloor space 25, it is heated in the winter and cooled in the summer by the heat storage effect or the humidity adjusting effect of the basic concrete portion 20 and supplied into each room.

When the air flows from the underfloor space 25 into each room, as shown by the arrow in the figure, an opening is formed from under the floor through an in-wall air flow path 34 formed between the heat insulating material 10 and the inner wall material 32. It is supplied to each room from 36. In this way, the air is made to rise along the heat insulating material 10 from the lower side of the in-wall air flow path 34, whereby the inner wall material 32 and the pillar material are brought into contact with air and well fitted to the respective members. To do so. Thus, by not directly supplying air into each room from under the floor, but by circulating the air so as to wrap the whole building, the whole building can be appropriately ventilated, and thus the building can be made to last longer.

Further, since the respective chambers are effectively thermally insulated from the outside by the action of the heat insulating materials 10 and 10a, cooling and heating in the chambers can be performed very efficiently. For example, the underfloor space 25
If a heating device is installed in the heating device, the warm air rises, so that the warm airflow can be suitably diffused through the in-wall air flow path 34, and the entire building can be suitably heated. Further, for example, if an air conditioner (cooling device) is installed in the space of the attic 78, the cool air will descend, so that the cool airflow can be suitably diffused through the in-wall air flow path 34, and the entire building can be suitably constructed. Can be air-conditioned.

The air supplied to the room recirculates in the room, and then the heat exchange ventilation fan 4 from the intake port 40 through the duct 44.
Exhausted to 2. As described above, the heat exchange ventilation fan 42 performs total heat exchange between the outside air and the exhaust air, warms the outside air when the outside air is cold, introduces the outside air to a required humidity, and cools the outside air when the outside temperature is high. When the humidity is high, it lowers the humidity to introduce outside air. After passing through the heat exchange ventilation fan 42, it is discharged from the exhaust duct 46 to the outside. In this way, an air circulation that takes in outside air is formed, and the entire building is ventilated.

As described above, the air circulation building of the embodiment is constructed so that each room is thermally insulated from the outside by the heat insulating materials 10 and 10a, and the foundation part of the building is completely sealed and the entire building is sealed. By adopting a closed structure, it becomes possible to ventilate the entire building so as to wrap it, and it is possible to obtain suitable ventilation and indoor environment throughout the building throughout the season. As a result, the effect of cooling and heating in each room also works effectively, and the running cost for cooling and heating can be effectively reduced.

Although the above embodiments have been described with respect to a building by the 2 × 4 construction method, the present invention is not limited to this, and the same wall structure as described above is applied to a building constructed by another construction method. Of course, the effect can be obtained.
Although the present invention has been variously described with reference to the preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and many modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. is there.

[0041]

According to the present invention, an in-wall air flow passage in which air flows vertically between the inner wall material and the outer wall material,
It can be suitably formed. Due to the in-wall air flow path, it is possible to suitably carry out circulation and circulation of air throughout the building. Therefore, it is possible to suitably ventilate the entire building, and also to suitably cool and heat the entire building by the circulating flow of air, so that the indoor environmental space can be comfortably maintained. In particular, since the air is preferably circulated in the wall body, it is possible to prevent dew condensation and excessive drying in the wall body, and it is possible to prevent deterioration of wood. Further, the air circulation building provided with the air passage in the wall does not require a special construction process and materials such as ducts, and has a remarkable effect that it can be rationally constructed by the process of the normal 2 × 4 construction method.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an embodiment of an air circulation building according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective sectional view illustrating a main part of an embodiment of an air circulation building according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing the overall configuration of an embodiment of an air circulation building according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a conventional building.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10, 10a Heat insulating material 11 Outer wall material 12 External ventilation layer 14 External wall body 20 Foundation concrete part 22 Standing wall part 25 Underfloor space 30 Floor part 32 Inner side wall material 34 Wall air passage 36 Opening part 38 Ceiling 40 Intake port 42 Heat exchange ventilation fan 44 Duct 46 Exhaust duct 50 Outside air introduction duct 60 Mesopillar 62 Spare pedestal Base 64 Laying foundation 65 Floorboard ventilation port 66 Ventilation foundation 68 Netta foundation 70 Edge joist 72 Floor joist 74 Floorboard 76 Girder 78 Attic space 80 Ceiling vent

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A pillar vertically arranged as a core material of a wall of a building, an inner wall material stretched inside the pillar, an outer wall material stretched outside the pillar, and a wall portion of the building. The air flow in the wall which is arranged horizontally as a core material of the wall, has a width narrower than that of the pillar in the direction orthogonal to the wall surface, and vertically circulates air between the inner wall material and the outer wall material. An air circulation building, comprising: a horizontal member fixed to the inner wall member or the outer wall member with a gap so that a passage is formed. 2. The in-wall air passage communicates with an underfloor space by fixing the base, which is the horizontal member, with an outer wall member with a gap therebetween. Air circulation building. 3. The in-wall air flow passage communicates with the attic space by being fixed to the inner wall member, which is a horizontal member, with a gap therebetween. Air circulation building of 2 4. An outside air introduction duct for introducing outside air into the building, and an exhaust duct for exhausting air circulated in the building to the outside to provide ventilation, and by providing a heat insulating material on the side wall and girder of the building. The underfloor space and each room are arranged so as to be insulated from the outside, and the outside air introduction duct is provided with one end opened outside the building and the other end opened inside the underfloor space, and the outside air introduced from the outside air introduction duct 4. The air circulation building according to claim 2, further comprising a heat exchange ventilation fan that totally exchanges heat between exhaust gas exhausted from the exhaust duct by recirculating each room. 5. The building according to claim 1, wherein the building is constructed by a so-called two-by-four construction method.
The air circulation building according to 3 or 4.