JP2008014045A - Building - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a building which is equipped with a system for air-conditioning or ventilation of the whole building, wherein the building can set an air-conditioning/ventilation facility in a preferable mode. <P>SOLUTION: The building 10 has a skip floor 27 formed on a first story section 12 thereof, and a storage chamber 24 as a skip base is formed in a cavity between the skip floor 27 and a boundary portion 15 between the first story section and a second story section. The storage chamber 24 stores therein an air-conditioning unit 31 constituting the whole building air-conditioning system, and the air-conditioning unit 31 has connected thereto an air intake duct 32 for drawing air into the building via a return louver 28, a plurality of air ducts 33a to 33d for feeding warm air or cool air to each habitable room in the building 10, and an exhaust duct 34 communicating with the outdoors. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a technology capable of suitably installing an air-conditioning ventilation unit and a ventilation duct connected to the unit in a building including an air-conditioning ventilation unit for performing whole building air conditioning or whole building ventilation collectively. .

  In a building such as a house, a system for air-conditioning and ventilation of the entire building using a common air-conditioning ventilation unit has been put into practical use. In the system, an air conditioning ventilation unit and a ventilation duct are generally provided in the ceiling space of the top floor portion, and the ventilation duct is provided so as to extend to each room in the building so that air conditioning and ventilation are performed in each room. It has become.

  Here, when an entire building air conditioning system or the like is installed in a building having a sloped roof, it is conceivable to provide an air conditioning ventilation unit, a duct, or the like using the space behind the shed. However, when using the shed space, the length of the ventilation duct to the room on each floor becomes longer, which causes complicated duct handling and reduced efficiency such as air conditioning. Problems arise.

  For example, in the case of a building having a flat roof, since there is no space behind the hut, it is necessary to separately provide installation spaces such as an air conditioning ventilation unit and a duct. In such a case, it is conceivable that the ceiling height of the living room in the upper floor portion is lowered to form a ceiling back space, but this causes a disadvantage that the living room space becomes narrow. Also, it is conceivable to use an underground space. However, in such a case, problems such as extra costs for installation of the underground space occur.

As a prior art, a technique of installing an air conditioner or the like in a gap space between a ceiling on a lower floor and a floor on the upper floor is also disclosed (for example, see Patent Document 1). However, in this prior art, since the air conditioner etc. is installed in a narrow space between the lower floor ceiling and the upper floor, there are large restrictions on the space, and there are restrictions on the air conditioners that can be used etc. There is an inconvenience.
JP-A-11-218342

  The main object of the present invention is to install air conditioning / ventilation equipment in a suitable manner in a building equipped with a system for whole building air conditioning or whole building ventilation.

  Hereinafter, means and the like effective for solving the above-described problems will be described while showing functions and effects as necessary. In the following, in order to facilitate understanding, a corresponding configuration example in the embodiment of the invention is appropriately shown in parentheses, etc., but is not limited to the specific configuration shown in parentheses.

  Means 1. A building (building 10) provided with a skip floor (skip floor 27) at a height position different from a boundary portion (boundary portion 15) that separates a lower floor portion and an upper floor portion, the skip floor and the boundary portion An air-conditioning / ventilating device (air-conditioning unit 31) is installed in a skip space (storage chamber 24) formed between the air-conditioning / ventilating unit and a ventilation duct (intake duct 32) extending from the air-conditioning / ventilating device to each room in the building. And air ducts 33a to 33d and an exhaust duct 34).

  In the above configuration, an installation space for air conditioning / ventilation equipment can be secured by providing a skip space between the boundary between the lower floor / upper floor and the skip floor. Duct installation is possible. In this case, since the skip space is located between the lower floor portion and the upper floor portion, the ventilation duct can be easily routed to each living room or the like. At this time, the duct length can be made relatively short in both the lower floor portion and the upper floor portion. Further, in this configuration, since the shed space is not used, an air conditioning / ventilating device and a ventilation duct can be suitably installed even in a flat roof type building. As described above, air conditioning / ventilation equipment can be installed in a suitable manner in a building including a system for whole building air conditioning or whole building ventilation.

  The “air conditioning / ventilation device” may be any device having at least one of an air conditioning function for realizing the entire building air conditioning system and a ventilation function for realizing the entire building ventilation system.

  Mean 2. In means 1, in a building in which a skip space and a living room are arranged vertically below the boundary in the lower floor portion, the floor surface of the living room immediately below the skip space is lower than the floor surface of the normal lower floor portion. To do. According to this configuration, even if the skip space and the living room are provided side by side, the room height of the living room can be sufficiently secured. In addition, the structure which makes a floor surface lower than another living room may be sufficient only for the living room directly under a skip space.

  Means 3. In the means 1, in the upper floor part, in the building in which the skip space and the living room are arranged vertically above the boundary part, the ceiling surface of the living room immediately above the skip space is higher than the ceiling surface of the normal upper floor part. To do. According to the above configuration, even if the skip space and the living room are provided side by side, the height of the living room can be sufficiently secured. Only the living room directly above the skip space may be configured to have a higher ceiling surface than the other living rooms.

  Means 4. In any one of the means 1 to 3, the air outlet of each living room leading to the ventilation duct is provided on the ceiling or near the ceiling in the lower floor portion and on the floor or near the floor in the upper floor portion. In this case, the duct length can be further shortened in the building of the present invention in which the air conditioning / ventilating device is installed in the skip space.

  Means 5. In the means 4, the said blower outlet is provided in the window vicinity in the floor surface of an upper floor part. Thereby, it becomes possible to directly apply the air blown out from the air outlet to the window glass, and it is possible to prevent condensation of the window glass.

  Means 6. In any one of the means 1 to 5, the height of the skip space is set to 1.4 m or less. This is because the upper limit of 1.4 m is advantageous in that the skip space is not regarded as a living room in the Building Standard Law. If the lower limit of the height of the skip space is set to 1 m (that is, the height range is set to 1 to 1.4 m), people can easily enter and leave the skip space, and maintenance of the air conditioning / ventilation device, etc. Can be easily performed.

  Means 7. In any one of the means 1 to 6, the main frame (main frame K1) constituting the entire structure of the building is constructed on the foundation (base 11), and the skip frame (skip frame K2) which is independent from the main frame. And the air conditioning / ventilation device is installed in the skip space formed by the skip frame. In this case, the skip frame may be self-supported by being connected to the foundation at a position different from the main frame (means 8). As a specific configuration, the skip frame includes at least a plurality of skip columns and skip floor beams connected to each skip column, and a support bracket is provided on a side surface of the foundation, and each skip column can be fixed to the support bracket. Even more preferred.

  In the above configuration, since the main frame and the skip frame are provided independently, the addition of the skip frame does not complicate the structural calculation of the main frame, making it suitable for mass production and diversification of layout. Become. In order to set the skip frame independently, the skip frame may be connected to the foundation to be independent. In this case, it is conceivable to add a separate foundation for the skip frame. However, if a support bracket is provided on the side of the foundation used for the main frame and the skip column of the skip frame is fixed to the support bracket, the skip frame is skipped. A foundation dedicated to the frame is not required, which is advantageous in terms of cost.

  Means 9. In means 7 or 8, in the building in which the ventilation duct is coupled to an interior material such as a wall material fixed to the pillar on the main frame side, the ventilation duct and the interior material are configured to be relatively movable. . In other words, in the configuration in which the skip frame is provided independently from the main frame as described above, when the building is shaken by an earthquake or the like, the interior material (the interior material such as the wall material fixed to the column on the main frame side) and the like The ventilation duct may vibrate individually, which may cause damage to the interior material. In this regard, by configuring the ventilation duct and the interior material to be relatively movable, damage to the interior material can be suppressed.

  Means 10. A building comprising a ventilation gallery (return gallery 28) for ventilation inside and outside the skip space in the means 7 or 8, wherein the ventilation gallery is attached to an interior material such as a wall material fixed to a column or the like on the main frame side. And the ventilation gallery and the interior material are configured to be relatively movable. In this case, damage to the interior material can be suppressed by configuring the ventilation louver and the interior material to be relatively movable.

  Means 11. In any one of means 1 to 6, a skip frame (skip frame K2) is constructed by connecting to the upper floor beam of the main frame (main frame K1) constituting the entire structure of the building, and formed by the skip frame. Install the air-conditioning / ventilation system in the skip space. In this case, the skip frame may be provided suspended from the upper floor beam (means 12). In addition, it is preferable to connect the skip floor beam of the skip frame and the upper floor beam with a bearing wall.

  In the above configuration, the upper floor beam and the skip frame can be regarded as an integral upper floor structure. Therefore, in the structural calculation of the main frame, the skip frame can be regarded as an additional part of the upper floor beam, so the addition of the skip frame does not complicate the structural calculation of the main frame and is suitable for mass production. . In addition, in order to configure the upper floor beam and the skip frame to be regarded as an integral upper floor structure, it is easily realized by connecting the skip floor beam of the skip frame and the upper floor beam with a bearing wall. be able to.

  Means 13. In any one of means 1 to 6, a main frame (main frame K1) constituting the entire structure of the building, and a skip frame (skip frame K2) supported by a bearing wall provided between the columns of the main frame The air conditioning / ventilating device is installed in a skip space formed by the skip frame. In this case, it is preferable to use at least a part of the main frame pillar and the skip frame pillar (means 14). Further, the columns of the main frame and the skip frame are both supported by the top end of the foundation, and the skip floor beam of the skip frame is provided in an area surrounded by these columns, and the outer periphery side of the skip floor beam and It is more preferable to connect the columns of the main frame facing each other.

  In the above configuration, the skip frame is supported by the load-bearing walls provided between the columns of the main frame, so that the structural calculation of the main frame can be avoided as much as possible while maintaining the earthquake resistance of the skip frame. . And the space of a foundation can be used effectively by arrange | positioning the bearing wall which supports a skip frame between the pillars of a main frame. In addition, since the skip floor can be made structurally strong, the air conditioning / ventilation device can be installed on the skip floor without special reinforcement even if the weight of the air conditioning / ventilation device is large.

  Further, if the pillar of the main frame is also used as the column of the skip frame, the skip frame can be used as a bearing wall of the main frame, which is advantageous in terms of cost. Furthermore, the main frame and the skip frame columns are supported on the top of the foundation, and the skip floor beam of the skip frame is provided in the area surrounded by each of these columns, the outer side of the skip floor beam and the main frame column facing it. By connecting them to each other, the pillar of the main frame does not get in the way when installing the skip frame.

  Means 15. In any one of the means 1 to 14, a flexible duct that can be bent is preferably used as the ventilation duct. In this case, even if the building shakes (vibrates) due to an earthquake or the like, and the air conditioner / ventilator vibrates accordingly, the air conditioner / ventilator shake can be absorbed by the ventilation duct. Accordingly, it is possible to suppress inconveniences such as damage to the ventilation duct or damage to the interior material at the joint portion with the ventilation duct when the building shakes.

  Below, the building which is one embodiment which actualized this invention is demonstrated, referring drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing the entire building of this embodiment. In the present embodiment, a flat roof type two-story house is illustrated as the building 10, and the entire building is equipped with an air conditioning system. The building 10 has a frame structure in which steel is used as a frame, and is constructed by providing an outer wall and other various building materials on the frame structure.

(Explanation about the overall structure of the building)
As shown in FIG. 1, the building 10 includes a first floor portion 12 as a lower floor portion formed on a foundation 11 and a second floor portion as an upper floor portion formed continuously above the first floor portion 12. 13 and a roof portion 14 formed above the second floor portion 13. In addition, although detailed description is abbreviate | omitted here, the boundary part 15 of the 1st floor part 12 and the 2nd floor part 13 is comprised by each member between them including a 1st floor ceiling surface and a 2nd floor floor surface as well known. Has been.

  For example, a first living room 21, a second living room 22, a third living room 23, and a storage room 24 are formed in the first floor portion 12 of the building 10, respectively. A fourth living room 25 and a fifth living room are formed in the second floor portion 13, for example. 26 is formed. The first living room 21 and the second living room 22 are constructed as ordinary first-floor rooms. On the other hand, the floor of the third room 23 is lower than the floors of the first and second rooms 21 and 22 (the floor of the normal first floor), that is, the foundation 11 and the first floor 12. It is provided at a lower position than the boundary part. More specifically, the floor surface of the third living room 23 is positioned lower than the top edge of the foundation 11, so that the floor surface of the third living room 23 is more than the floor surfaces of the first and second living rooms 21 and 22. Is also low.

  A skip floor 27 is provided on the first floor portion 12 of the building 10, and a storage room 24 as a skip space is formed between the skip floor 27 and the boundary 15 between the first and second floor portions. In this case, the storage room 24 is generally located at the center of the building 10 (the center of the floor plan). A return gallery 28 serving as a return air suction port is installed on the skip floor 27, and the storage room 24 and the first living room 21 are communicated with each other through the return gallery 28. Although illustration is omitted, for example, an entrance / exit is provided in the middle of the staircase, and a housekeeper can enter / exit the storage room 24 through the entrance / exit.

  The storage chamber 24 has a height in the space of 1 m to 1.4 m. The reason why the upper limit is 1.4 m is that it is not considered to be a living room in the Building Standards Act, and the reason why the lower limit is 1 m is that a householder can easily enter the space in the storage room 24. In addition, this is to increase the storage capacity. However, the lower limit of 1 m is not a necessary condition unless it is assumed that a family member will enter.

  The skip floor 27 constitutes a part of the ceiling portion of the third living room 23. As described above, the floor surface of the third living room 23 is more than the floor surfaces of the first and second living rooms 21, 22. Since it is provided at a low level, a sufficient ceiling height is secured in the third living room 23.

  In the building 10, the first floor portion 12 is provided with the skip floor 27 and the storage room 24 having a sufficient height as described above is provided, but the height of the boundary portion 15 of the first floor / second floor portion is high. The position is the same as a typical two-story house. In other words, it is possible to realize storage of an intermediate floor having a sufficient height that can be entered by a householder without increasing the height of the entire building. Thereby, various members, such as a conventional common two-story house and an outer wall, can be shared. Therefore, there is no harmful effect due to the oblique line regulation, and the cost can be reduced.

  On the other hand, the storage room 24 is provided with an air conditioning unit (indoor unit) 31 that constitutes the entire building air conditioning system. The air conditioning unit 31 includes an intake duct 32 that intakes air through the return gallery 28 and each room in the building 10. A plurality of air ducts 33a to 33d for supplying warm air or cold air to the outside and an exhaust duct 34 leading to the outdoors are connected. For example, the duct diameter of the intake duct 32 is about 400 mm, and the duct diameters of the air ducts 33a to 33d and the exhaust duct 34 are about 150 mm.

  In the first floor portion 12, the air duct 33 a is provided through the return gallery 28, and warm air and cold air are blown into the first living room 21 through the air duct 33 a. Further, the air duct 33b is provided through the skip floor 27, and hot air and cold air are blown out into the third living room 23 through the air duct 33b. Further, in the second floor portion 13, the air ducts 33 c and 33 d are provided so as to penetrate the boundary portion 15 of the first floor / second floor portion, and hot air and cold air are supplied to the fourth and fifth living rooms 25 and 26 through the air duct 33 c and 33 d. Is blown out. In such a case, air is sent from the ceiling or near the ceiling to the living rooms 21 and 23 of the first floor portion 12, whereas the air is sent from the floor to the living rooms 25 and 26 of the second floor portion 13. Yes.

  A descending ceiling 29 is provided in the ceiling portion of the second living room 22, and an exhaust duct 34 is inserted into a space between the descending ceiling 29 and the boundary portion 15 of the first / second floor portion. . Dirty air, moisture and the like are discharged to the outside through the exhaust duct 34. Note that the second living room 22 provided with the falling ceiling 29 can be used as a non-residential space such as a toilet, a closet, and a staircase.

(Explanation of specific structure for storage space formation)
Next, a specific structure related to the third living room 23 and the storage room 24 in the building 10 will be described with reference to FIG. The building 10 of the present embodiment includes a main frame K1 constituting the entire structure and a skip frame K2 for constructing a storage space. In the following description, the main frame K1 and the skip frame K2 are separated. The specific structure will be described.

  First, the main frame K1 will be described. On the foundations 11a and 11b corresponding to both sides of the third living room 23 of the foundation 11, lower floor pillars 41a and 41b are respectively erected, and each of the lower floor pillars 41a and 41b is provided. An upper floor beam 42 extending in the horizontal direction is connected to the upper end of 41b. The connecting structure is realized by, for example, corner metal fittings (not shown) being bolted or welded to each other.

  In each living room (first and second living rooms 21 and 22) on both sides of the third living room 23, a floor material 44 is installed above the foundations 11a and 11b, and an inner wall material 45 is provided on the lower floor pillars 41a and 41b. The lower floor ceiling material 46 is assembled to the lower part of the upper floor beam 42. An upper floor material 47 is installed on the upper floor beam 42, and the upper floor beam 42, the lower floor ceiling material 46, the upper floor material 47, etc., make the boundary 15 of the first floor / second floor portion 15. (See FIG. 1) is constructed. Although the structure of the second floor portion constructed above the upper floor beam 42 is omitted, the upper floor beam 42 is bolted or welded to each of the upper floor pillars 42 by, for example, corner metal fittings. The lower end of (not shown) is connected.

  Next, the skip frame K2 will be described. The foundations 11a and 11b are provided with a pair of upper and lower support fittings 51a and 51b on the side surfaces facing each other. Each support metal fitting 51a, 51b is fixed to a steel frame (not shown) provided inside the concrete of the foundation 11a, 11b. Specifically, by pouring concrete into the foundation mold with the support brackets 51a and 51b fixed to the steel frame, high-stiffness support brackets 51a and 51b integrated with the foundations 11a and 11b are obtained. It has become.

  Skip pillars 52a and 52b are fixed to the respective support fittings 51a and 51b by bolting, welding or the like so as to extend in the vertical direction. In the drawing, only a pair of skip columns 52a and 52b can be seen for front view, but actually, the skip columns 52a and 52b are provided at positions that are at least four corners in plan view of the storage chamber 24, respectively. ing.

  A skip floor beam 53 extending in the horizontal direction is connected to the upper ends of the skip columns 52a and 52b. The connecting structure is realized by, for example, bolting or welding corner fittings to each other. The skip floor beam 53 constructs a skip floor 27 (see FIG. 1) which is a boundary portion between the third room 23 and the storage room 24 together with the storage room floor material 54 and the room ceiling material 55 installed at the upper part and the lower part thereof. is doing.

  In the third living room 23, the room floor material 56 is installed at a position lower than the top ends (upper ends) of the foundations 11 a and 11 b, and an inner wall material 57 is attached between the room ceiling material 55 and the room floor material 56. It has been. In the storage room 24, a storage room ceiling material 58 is assembled to the lower part of the upper floor beam 42, and an inner wall material 57 is attached between the storage room floor material 54 and the storage room ceiling material 58.

  In the storage chamber 24, the air conditioning unit 31 described above is installed on the storage chamber floor 54. An opening 61 is provided at the boundary between the first living room 21 and the storage room 24 (the wall portion made of the inner wall materials 45, 59, etc.), and the return gallery 28 is attached to the opening 61. The return gallery 28 is fixed on the storage chamber floor 54 by connecting means such as screws. Further, an opening 63 is provided at a boundary portion (skip floor 27) between the third living room 23 and the storage room 24, and a blowing grill 64 is attached to the opening 63.

(Description of frame model)
Next, the frame model of the building 10 having the main frame K1 and the skip frame K2 described above will be described. FIG. 3 shows a frame model in which the first floor portion 12 and the second floor portion 13 of the building are simplified.

  In the frame model of FIG. 3, a main frame K1 is set on the foundation 11, and a skip frame K2 is set inside the main frame K1 independently of the main frame K1. Specifically, a skip frame K2 that is independent from the foundation 11 is set separately from the main frame K1. In such a case, the skip frame K2 does not need to be taken into account in the structural calculation of the main frame K1, which is advantageous in that the conventional two-story building and the main frame K1 can be designed as the same. That is, there is no inconvenience that the structure calculation of the main frame K1 becomes complicated with the addition of the skip frame K2, and it is suitable for mass production and layout diversification.

(Explanation regarding the difference in shaking between the main frame K1 and the skip frame K2)
In the frame structure in which the main frame K1 and the skip frame K2 are independent as described above, when the building 10 is shaken due to an earthquake or the like, a difference may occur in how the main frame K1 and the skip frame K2 swing. That is, the main frame K1 and the skip frame K2 swing individually, and the width and period of the swing are different. If it does so, there exists a possibility that the wall material and interior material in a joint location of both may be damaged. A structure of a building that prevents such damage will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a connecting portion between the configuration on the main frame K1 side and the configuration on the skip frame K2 side in FIG. 2, and specifically shows an X portion in FIG.

  In FIG. 4, the lower floor pillar 41b, the inner wall material 45, and the lower floor ceiling material 46 are components on the main frame K1 side, while the return gallery 28 is a component on the skip frame K2 side. In this case, when the building 10 is vibrated due to an earthquake or the like, the lower floor pillar 41b, the inner wall material 45 and the lower floor ceiling material 46 on the main frame K1 side, and the return gallery 28 on the skip frame K2 side are individually shaken. Is fixed together with the interior material or the like, there is a possibility that a part of the interior material or the like may be damaged due to the difference in the shaking state of each other. In this regard, in FIG. 4, the lower floor column 41b, the inner wall material 45 and the lower floor ceiling material 46 on the main frame K1 side and the return gallery 28 on the skip frame K2 side are not fixed to each other, and the return gallery 28 is the inner wall material. It is only in contact with the end face of the opening 61 formed at 45 or the like. A sufficient clearance C of about several millimeters to several centimeters is formed between the tip flange portion 28a of the return gallery 28 and the inner wall member 45, and the relative positions of both are determined.

  By adopting the above configuration, even if the main frame K1 and the skip frame K2 are individually shaken, relative movement of both of them is allowed, and as a result, the inconvenience that the wall material and the interior material are damaged can be avoided.

  Note that, as another configuration of the building 10, the return gallery 28 may be fixed to the main frame K1 side. In such a case, the return gallery 28 may be configured to be movable relative to the storage room floor material 54. In addition, for the air duct that is coupled to the interior material (wall material or the like) without using the return gallery 28, the air duct and the interior material may be configured to be relatively movable as described above. As a result, it is also possible to suppress damage to the interior material when shaking occurs.

  Here, the air-conditioning unit 31 is installed on the skip frame K2 side (on the storage room floor 54 of the storage room 24), and ducts provided starting from the air-conditioning unit 31 are the wall material and floor on the main frame K1 side. Assuming that the main frame K1 and the skip frame K2 are shaken as described above, a local load is generated on the ducts, and as a result, the ducts are There is a risk of damage. In particular, when the relative movement between the main frame K1 and the skip frame K2 is allowed for the purpose of suppressing breakage of the interior material or the like, the above-described ducts are easily damaged.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, each duct such as the air ducts 33a to 33d is configured by a flexible duct having bending flexibility. More specifically, a duct configuration having a rigid portion and a flexible portion is adopted, and the rigid portion of the duct is fixed to a wall material, a floor material, a ceiling material or the like on the main frame K1 side, and a portion other than the fixed portion is set as a flexible portion. In this case, the duct can be securely fixed to the wall material, flooring material, ceiling material, etc., and even if the main frame K1 and the skip frame K2 move relative to each other, the relative movement (including the shaking of the air conditioning unit 31). ) Can be absorbed by the duct, and damage to the duct can be avoided.

(Explanation about the blowout wind on the second floor)
As described above, the second floor portion 13 of the building 10 blows air from the floor of the living room. In such a configuration, the blower outlet is installed on the floor near the window, and the blown air blown out from the blower outlet ) To prevent condensation on the window glass. The specific configuration is shown in FIG.

  In FIG. 5, a storage room 24 is provided in the first floor portion 12 of the building 10, and an air conditioning unit 31 and various ducts are disposed in the storage room 24 (the same as described above). FIG. 5 shows one air duct 71 leading to the second floor portion 13, and warm air and cold air flowing through the air duct 71 are blown out from a blowout grill 72 provided on the second floor surface. . The second floor portion 13 is provided with a balcony 74 that can be freely entered and exited through a sweep window 73. In the above configuration, the air blown from the blowout grill 72 can be directly applied to the sweep window 73 (window glass), and condensation of the sweep window 73 can be prevented.

  According to the embodiment described in detail above, the following excellent effects can be obtained.

  An air conditioning unit 31 and ducts (intake duct 32, blower ducts 33a to 33d, exhaust duct 34) are provided in a storage chamber 24 (skip space) formed between the boundary 15 of the first floor / second floor portion and the skip floor 27. Because it is provided, it is possible to easily handle the ducts to each room. In this case, the duct length can be made relatively short even when the air ducts 33 a to 33 d are routed around either the first floor portion 12 or the second floor portion 13. Therefore, it is possible to improve the air conditioning efficiency and thus contribute to the reduction of energy consumption. Moreover, the air conditioning unit 31 etc. can be suitably installed even if it is the above-mentioned building 10 of a flat roof type. At this time, it is not necessary to install a ceiling space or an underground space. As described above, the air conditioning unit 31 and ducts can be installed in a suitable manner in a building including a system for whole building air conditioning or whole building ventilation.

  Since the storage room 24 is a space where people can go in and out, it can enter the storage room 24 and perform installation work and maintenance of the air conditioning unit 31 and ducts. At this time, the air conditioning unit 31 is installed on the floor (on the skip floor 27) instead of being suspended from the ceiling or wall, so that installation work and the like are facilitated. As described above, workability during installation and maintenance can be improved.

  Since the floor surface of the third living room 23 provided below the storage room 24 in the first floor portion 12 is lower than the floor surfaces of the other living rooms (first and second living rooms 21 and 22), the interior of the third living room 23 Sufficient height can be secured. In this case, the room height is not restricted even in a building structure in which the storage room (skip space) and the room are provided adjacent to each other in the vertical direction. Therefore, it is possible to effectively use the skip space while maintaining the flexibility of the floor plan and the like. In this case, the air conditioning unit 31 and the like can be installed without changing the floor height of the first floor portion 12.

  In addition, since the air outlets of the respective rooms leading to the air ducts 33a to 33d are provided on the ceiling or near the ceiling in the first floor portion and on the floor or near the floor in the second floor portion 13, the duct length can be further shortened. Become. That is, the air-conditioning unit 31 and each living room (room that requires air-conditioning) are connected in the shortest time, thereby shortening the total length of the air ducts 33a to 33d.

(Description of another structure for storage space construction)
Next, another structure for constructing a storage space with a skip frame will be described. Here, a frame model in another structure will be described with reference to FIG. Each of the frame models shown in FIGS. 6 (a) to 6 (c) is suitable for facilitating the structural calculation when building a building and enabling mass production while being rich in variations. .

  In FIG. 6A, the skip frame K2 is connected to the upper floor beam 42 of the main frame K1, and the load-bearing wall 101 that functions as a seismic element of the main frame K1 is provided between the lower part of the skip frame K2 and the foundation 11. Is arranged. A part of the skip frame K2 is also connected to the lower floor pillar 102 that connects the foundation 11 and the upper floor beam 42. According to this example, the skip frame K2 can be regarded as a part of the load-bearing wall of the main frame K1 in the structural calculation of the main frame K1, so the load-bearing wall of the main frame K1 is reduced and the amount is replaced with the skip frame K2. There is an advantage that it can be entrusted and the conventional two-story building and the main frame K1 can be designed to be substantially the same.

  In FIG. 6B, a load bearing wall 103 that functions as a seismic element between the foundation 11 of the main frame K1 and the upper floor beam 42 is disposed below the skip frame K2. This bearing wall 103 functions as the lower floor pillar 104 that connects the foundation 11 and the upper floor beam 42 together with the skip frame K2. According to this example, the skip frame K2 can be regarded as a part of the load-bearing wall of the main frame K1 in the structural calculation of the main frame K1, so the load-bearing wall of the main frame K1 is reduced and the amount is replaced with the skip frame K2. There is an advantage that it can be entrusted and the conventional two-story building and the main frame K1 can be designed to be substantially the same.

  In the above configuration, since the skip frame K2 is supported by the load-bearing walls provided between the columns of the main frame K1, the skip floor 27 can be structurally strong. Therefore, even if the weight of the air conditioning unit 31 or the like is large, the air conditioning unit 31 or the like can be installed on the skip floor 27 without performing special reinforcement.

  Further, in FIG. 6C, the skip frame K2 is connected to the upper floor beam 42 of the main frame K1 in a suspended manner, and at least one of the side surfaces of the skip frame K2 is configured by a bearing wall. A bearing wall is formed by integrating the floor beam 42 and the skip frame K2. In this case, since the skip frame K2 can be regarded as an attached portion of the upper floor beam 42 in the structural calculation of the main frame K1, the conventional two-story building and the main frame K1 can be designed to be the same. There are advantages.

  Next, a specific structure of each frame model will be described. FIG.7 and FIG.8 is explanatory drawing which shows the specific structure regarding the 3rd room 23 and the storage room 24 about the building which has the frame structure of the said Fig.6 (a). That is, FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view thereof, and FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a positional relationship between the lower floor pillar and the skip pillar.

  In the structure of FIG. 7, the skip frame K2 is constructed by using part of the pillars of the main frame K1. That is, as the main frame K1, lower floor pillars 81a and 81b are erected on the foundation 11. In FIG. 7, only a pair of lower floor pillars 81a and 81b are shown for the front view, but actually, as shown in FIG. 8, a plurality of other lower floor pillars surround the third living room 23 in a plan view. 81c to 81h are erected on the foundation 11 at a predetermined interval. Many of the lower floor pillars 81a to 81h are lattice pillars or truss pillars for maintaining rigidity.

  Skip columns 82 a to 82 g that support the skip frame K <b> 2 from below are also erected on the foundation 11 so as to surround the third living room 23. However, in FIG. 7, the skip frame K2 is set to have a depth smaller than that of the third living room 23 when viewed in the depth direction when viewed from the front. For this reason, the foundation beam 83 is formed along the back end of the skip frame K2. Is bridged between the foundations 11, and a predetermined skip pillar 82 e is erected on the foundation beam 83. In addition, a part of the skip pillars 82a forms a truss pillar by passing the truss member 84 between the lower floor pillars 81b, and the skip frame K2 also serves as a part of the main frame K1.

  The skip floor beam 86 is connected to the skip pillars 82a to 82g and the lower floor pillars 81a to 81h. The skip floor beam 86 is formed in a rectangular frame shape that substantially matches a rectangular inner periphery surrounded by the skip columns 82a to 82g and the lower floor columns 81a to 81h in plan view, and the skip columns 82a to 82g and the lower floor The inner peripheral side of the columns 81a to 81h and the outer peripheral side of the skip floor beam 86 are connected. The connection structure is realized by, for example, corner metal fittings being bolted or welded to each other, as in other connection structures. A skip floor material 87 (see FIG. 8) is installed at the top of the skip floor beam 86 and a ceiling material (not shown) is installed at the bottom of the skip floor beam 86, so that the boundary between the third living room 23 and the storage room 24 is formed. Has been built.

  The upper ends of the skip pillars 82a to 82g and the lower floor pillars 81a to 81h are connected to the upper floor beam 42, but the upper ends of the skip pillars 82a to 82g are the lengths up to the skip floor beam 86. It may be said.

  On the other hand, FIG. 9 is explanatory drawing which shows the specific structure regarding the 3rd living room 23 and the storage room 24 about the building which has the frame structure of the said FIG.6 (b).

  In the structure of FIG. 9, lower floor pillars 91 a and 91 b are erected on the foundation 11, and a skip floor beam 92 is connected to the upper ends of the lower floor pillars 91 a and 91 b. Further, a plurality of skip columns 93a to 93d are connected between the upper floor beam 42 and the skip floor beam 92, and each of the skip columns 93a to 93d is applied so that the braces 94 intersect each other, thereby providing the skip frame K2. At least a part of the side is a bearing wall. And by connecting this bearing wall to the upper floor beam 42, the storage room 24 constructed by the skip frame K2 can be regarded as a part of the upper floor portion of the main frame K1 in the structural calculation. I have to. Furthermore, by providing the bearing wall 95 composed of the lattice pillar including the lower floor pillar 91b between the foundation 11 and the skip floor beam 92, the bearing wall of the main frame K1 can be reduced, and various layout plans can be applied. It is possible to respond flexibly to this.

  When the frame model as shown in FIG. 6C is realized, the bearing wall 95 may be omitted and the skip frame K2 may be connected only to the upper floor beam 42.

(Other embodiments)
In the building 10 of the above-described embodiment, a living room is provided directly below the storage room as a skip space, but this may be changed so that the storage room may be a non-residential space such as a toilet or a closet. In this case, since the space for forming the toilet and the closet may have a relatively small indoor height, it can be said that the space is suitable for forming a vertical relationship with the storage room (skip space).

  In the above embodiment, the storage room 24 (skip space) and the third living room 23 are provided adjacent to each other below the boundary 15 in the first floor portion 12 (see FIG. 1), but this building structure is changed. However, it is also possible to provide a storage room (skip space) and a living room adjacent to each other above and below the boundary portion 15 in the second floor portion 13. The outline is shown in FIG.

  In FIG. 10, in the building 120, the first living room 131 is formed in the first floor portion 121, and the second living room 132, the third living room 133, and the storage room 134 are formed in the second floor portion 122. A skip floor 135 is provided in the second floor portion 122, and a storage chamber 134 as a skip space is formed between the skip floor 135 and the boundary portion 123 of the first / second floor portion. The storage chamber 134 has a height in the space of 1 m to 1.4 m.

  Here, in the building 120 of the present embodiment, the ceiling surface of the second-floor portion 122 is higher than the normal ceiling surface, and thus the interior height of the third living room 133 is sufficiently secured. In addition, the height of the ceiling surface of the second floor portion 122 is different, and only the third living room 133 immediately above the storage room 134 (skip space) is configured to have a higher ceiling surface than the other living rooms (second living room 132). There may be.

  In the storage room 134, an air conditioning unit (indoor unit) 137 constituting the entire building air conditioning system is installed, and air ducts 138a to 138c extending from the air conditioning unit 137 to each room are provided.

  Even in the building 120, the ducts can be easily routed to each room, and the duct lengths are compared when the air ducts 138a to 138c are routed to either the first floor portion 121 or the second floor portion 122. Can be short. Therefore, it is possible to improve the air conditioning efficiency and thus contribute to the reduction of energy consumption.

  In the above-described embodiment, an example in which the land roof type building 10 is embodied has been described. However, the present invention can be applied to a slope roof type building such as a gable. Even in such a case, in the same manner as described above, in a building including a system for whole building air conditioning or whole building ventilation, an air conditioning unit and ducts can be installed in a suitable manner. In a sloped roof type building, it is possible to install an air conditioning unit, etc. in the shed space in addition to the skip space, but installation in the skip space has better workability when performing installation work and maintenance etc. It is thought that it becomes.

  The present invention is applied to a unit building. That is, a frame structure including a beam and a column may be adopted for each of a plurality of building units constituting a unit type building, and the skip frame may be incorporated into a predetermined building unit or separately attached. For example, the above-mentioned effects can be obtained while improving the workability of the on-site construction by fixing the skip frame in advance so as to be suspended from the ceiling beam of a predetermined lower floor building unit.

The schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the building of this embodiment. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the specific structure regarding a 3rd living room and a storage room in a building. Explanatory drawing which shows the frame model for storage space construction. Sectional drawing which shows the detail of the coupling | bond part of the structure by the side of a main frame, and the structure by the side of a skip frame. Schematic for demonstrating the structure regarding the blowing wind of a 2nd floor part. Explanatory drawing which shows the frame model for storage space construction. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the specific structure regarding a 3rd living room and a storage room in a building. The top view for demonstrating the installation position of a lower floor pillar and a skip pillar. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the specific structure regarding a 3rd living room and a storage room in a building. The schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows another structure of a building.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Building, 11 ... Foundation, 12 ... First floor part, 13 ... Second floor part, 14 ... Roof part, 15 ... Boundary part, 21 ... First living room, 22 ... Second living room, 23 ... Third living room, 24 ... Storage Room 25 ... 4th room, 26 ... 5th room, 27 ... Skip floor, 28 ... Return gallery, 31 ... Air conditioning unit, 32 ... Intake duct, 33a-33d ... Air duct, 34 ... Exhaust duct, 41 ... Lower floor Pillar, 42 ... Upper floor beam, 51 ... Support bracket, 52 ... Skip column, 53 ... Skip floor beam, 120 ... Building, 121 ... First floor part, 122 ... Second floor part, 123 ... Boundary part, 131 ... First living room 132, second living room, 133, third living room, 134, storage room, 135, skip floor, 137, air conditioning unit, 138a to 138c, air duct, K1, main frame, K2, skip frame.

Claims (15)

A building with a skip floor at a different height from the boundary that separates the lower and upper floor parts,
In the skip space formed between the skip floor and the boundary portion, an air conditioning / ventilation device is installed and a ventilation duct extending from the air conditioning / ventilation device to each room in the building is provided. And a building.   In the lower floor portion, the building is provided with the skip space and the living room arranged vertically below the boundary portion, and the floor surface of the living room immediately below the skip space is lower than the floor surface of the normal lower floor portion. The building according to claim 1, wherein   In the upper floor portion, the building is provided with the skip space and the living room arranged above and below the boundary portion, and the ceiling surface of the living room immediately above the skip space is higher than the ceiling surface of the normal upper floor portion. The building according to claim 1, wherein   The building according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an air outlet of each room leading to the ventilation duct is provided on the ceiling or near the ceiling in the lower floor portion and on the floor or near the floor in the upper floor portion. .   The building according to claim 4, wherein the air outlet is provided in the vicinity of the window on the floor surface of the upper floor portion.   The building according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a height of the skip space is set to 1.4 m or less.   On the foundation, a main frame that constitutes the entire structure of the building was built, a skip frame that was independent of the main frame was built, and the air conditioning and ventilation devices were installed in the skip space formed by the skip frame A building according to any one of claims 1 to 6.   The building according to claim 7, wherein the skip frame is made independent by being connected to a foundation at a position different from the main frame. In a building in which the ventilation duct is coupled to an interior material such as a wall material fixed to the pillar or the like on the main frame side,
The building according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the ventilation duct and the interior material are configured to be relatively movable. In a building provided with a ventilation gallery for ventilation inside and outside the skip space, and the ventilation gallery is attached to an interior material such as a wall material fixed to a pillar or the like on the main frame side,
The building according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the ventilation gallery and the interior material are configured to be relatively movable.   The skip frame is constructed by connecting to the upper floor beams of the main frame constituting the entire structure of the building, and the air-conditioning / ventilation device is installed in the skip space formed by the skip frame. A building according to any one of 6 to 6.   The building according to claim 11, wherein the skip frame is provided suspended from the upper floor beam.   A main frame constituting the entire structure of the building, and a skip frame supported by a load-bearing wall provided between the columns of the main frame, and the air-conditioning / ventilating device is provided in a skip space formed by the skip frame. The building according to claim 1, wherein the building is installed.   The building according to claim 13, wherein at least a part of the pillar of the main frame and the column of the skip frame are combined.   The building according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein a flexible duct that can be bent is used as the ventilation duct.

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