JP6368123B2 - Duct installation structure in buildings - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a duct installation structure in a building.

  A building such as a house may be provided with an air conditioning ventilation system that performs air conditioning and ventilation in the building (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In such an air conditioning ventilation system, an air conditioning duct that transports air for air conditioning generated by an air conditioner and a ventilation duct that transports outdoor air indoors are provided.

  By the way, when the above-mentioned air conditioning ventilation system is provided in a unit type building constructed by a plurality of building units, for example, an air conditioning duct and a ventilation duct are installed behind the ceiling of the building unit. Since the ceiling back space of the building unit is formed as an inner space surrounded by a ceiling beam, in this case, an air conditioning duct and a ventilation duct are installed in the inner space.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-294839

  Here, in the above-described configuration in which the air conditioning duct and the ventilation duct are installed on the back of the ceiling of the building unit, there may be a case where the air conditioning duct and the ventilation duct are arranged vertically such as intersecting each other. However, since the vertical dimension of the ceiling of the building unit is generally defined by the height of the ceiling beam, the air conditioning duct and ventilation duct should be arranged vertically in the ceiling space of the building unit. In some cases, it may be impossible to dispose. In that case, there is a possibility that the degree of freedom related to the arrangement mode of the ducts may be restricted, for example, the arrangement route of those ducts must be changed.

  Such a problem is not limited to the case where air conditioning ducts and ventilation ducts are disposed on the ceiling of the building unit, but the type of ducts when multiple ducts are disposed on the ceiling of the building unit. Regardless of whether it is a problem that can occur as well.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and when installing a plurality of ducts on the back of a ceiling of a building unit, a duct installation structure in a building that can reduce the restriction on the degree of freedom related to the arrangement mode. The main purpose is to provide

  In order to solve the above problems, the duct installation structure in the building of the first invention is applied to a unit type building constructed by combining a plurality of building units having ceiling beams, floor beams and columns. The building unit has a duct installation structure in a building in which a first duct and a second duct are installed as a ventilation duct for conveying air on the back of the ceiling of the building unit. A ceiling back space is formed above the falling ceiling, and the ceiling back space is formed by being surrounded by a ceiling beam as the ceiling beam; and A lower ceiling back space formed below the ceiling beam and above the falling ceiling, wherein the first duct is disposed in the upper ceiling space, The roof space, characterized in that said second duct is arranged.

  According to the present invention, the ceiling back space is formed above the falling ceiling provided in the ceiling of the building unit. The ceiling space includes an upper ceiling space formed by being surrounded by a ceiling beam and a lower ceiling space formed below the ceiling beam and above the falling ceiling. Yes. Since the first duct is arranged in the upper ceiling space and the second duct is arranged in the lower ceiling space, the plurality of ventilation ducts are connected to the ceiling of the building unit. Can be arranged side by side without interfering with each other. Thereby, when arrange | positioning a some duct in the ceiling back of a building unit, the restriction | limiting of the freedom degree regarding the arrangement | positioning aspect can be decreased.

  The duct installation structure in the building of the second invention is the duct according to the first invention, wherein the first duct is a small duct having a small cross section, and the second duct has a large cross section. It is a duct.

  In the upper ceiling space, the vertical dimension is generally defined by the height dimension of the ceiling beam, while in the lower ceiling space, the vertical dimension is lowered to lower the installation height of the lower ceiling member. It is possible to enlarge it. Therefore, in the present invention, in view of this point, among the plurality of ventilation ducts, a small duct (first duct) having a small cross section is disposed in the upper ceiling space, and a large duct (first duct) having a large cross section is provided. 2 ducts) are disposed in the lower ceiling space. In this case, suitable duct installation according to the cross-sectional size of each ventilation duct can be realized.

  The duct installation structure in the building of the third invention is the duct installation structure in the first or second invention, wherein the upper ceiling back space of the adjacent building unit has a beam through hole formed in the ceiling beam of each building unit. The first duct is formed in such a size that it can be inserted through the beam through-hole, and the second duct is formed in a size that cannot be inserted through the beam through-hole. It is characterized by being.

  According to the present invention, a duct (first duct) formed in a size capable of inserting a beam through hole formed in a ceiling beam among a plurality of ventilation ducts is disposed in the upper ceiling back space, A duct (second duct) formed in a size incapable of being inserted is disposed in the lower ceiling space. In this case, the first duct can be arranged across the upper ceiling space of the adjacent building unit through the beam through hole, and the degree of freedom regarding the arrangement mode can be increased.

  According to a duct installation structure in a building of a fourth invention, in the third invention, the lower ceiling back space is formed in each of the adjacent building units, and the first duct passes through the beam through hole. It is disposed over the upper ceiling space of the adjacent building unit, and the second duct is disposed over the lower ceiling space of the adjacent building unit. It is characterized by.

  According to the present invention, the first duct is disposed across the upper ceiling space of the adjacent building unit, and the second duct is disposed across the lower ceiling space of the adjacent building unit. ing. In this case, in addition to the first duct that can be inserted through the beam through hole, the second duct that cannot be inserted through the beam through hole can be installed across the units. Therefore, the first duct and the second duct can be installed across the units in a state where the first duct and the second duct are arranged vertically.

  The duct installation structure in the building of the fifth invention is any one of the first to fourth inventions, wherein the first duct is a ventilation for conveying outdoor air indoors or indoor air outdoors. It is a duct, The said 2nd duct is an air-conditioning duct which conveys the air for an air conditioning produced | generated by an air conditioner, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

  In general, an air-conditioning duct that conveys conditioned air (warm air or cold air) is required to have high heat insulation performance, and thus is formed with a relatively large thickness using a heat insulating material or the like. On the other hand, the ventilation duct that conveys outdoor air toward the indoor or the indoor air toward the outdoor is formed with a smaller thickness than the air-conditioning duct because the heat insulation performance is not so required. Therefore, when comparing the cross-sectional sizes of the air-conditioning duct and the ventilation duct, the air-conditioning duct has a larger section and the ventilation duct has a smaller section in many cases.

  Therefore, in the present invention, focusing on this point, the ventilation duct is disposed in the upper ceiling space and the air conditioning duct is disposed in the lower ceiling space. As described above, the upper ceiling space has its vertical dimension generally defined by the ceiling beam, while the lower ceiling space has its vertical dimension increased by lowering the installation position of the lower ceiling surface material. In this case, it is possible to realize a suitable duct installation in consideration of the cross-sectional sizes of the air conditioning duct and the ventilation duct.

  A duct installation structure in a building of a sixth invention is the duct installation structure according to the fifth invention, wherein the ventilation duct is connected to a ventilation device that conveys air through the ventilation duct, and the ventilation device is connected to the air conditioning duct. Is installed in the lower ceiling space or the lower ceiling space different from that, and the ventilation duct is located above the lower ceiling space where the ventilation device is installed. It extends downward from the upper ceiling space and is connected to the ventilation device.

  Normally, a ventilation device is connected to the ventilation duct, and air is conveyed through the ventilation duct by the ventilation device. Specifically, when the ventilation duct is an air supply duct that conveys outdoor air indoors, the outdoor air is taken into the room through the air supply duct by the ventilation device. When the ventilation duct is an exhaust duct that conveys indoor air to the outdoors, the indoor air is exhausted to the outdoors through the exhaust duct by the ventilation device. Here, this type of ventilator generally has a larger vertical dimension than a ventilation duct. Therefore, in the present invention, in view of this point, the ventilation device is disposed in the lower ceiling space. Thereby, a ventilator can be suitably installed in a ceiling back.

  A duct installation structure in a building of a seventh invention is applied to a building having a living room and a corridor extending toward the living room in the fifth or sixth invention, and the ventilation duct allows outdoor air to flow into the living room. The air conditioning duct conveys the air for air conditioning to the living room, and the lower ceiling back space extending along the hallway is formed above the hallway. The air conditioning duct is disposed along the hallway in the lower ceiling space, and the ventilation duct is arranged on the air conditioning duct in a state of being vertically aligned with the air conditioning duct in the upper ceiling space. It is characterized by being arranged along.

  When the destination of the outdoor air (ventilation air) by the ventilation duct is the same room as the destination of the air conditioning air by the air conditioning duct, the ventilation duct and the air conditioning duct are arranged toward the same room. Therefore, it is conceivable that the arrangement paths of these ducts follow the same path. In this case, for example, it may be possible to arrange the ducts side by side along the same route. However, even if each duct is arranged side by side, any one of the ducts may interfere with the ceiling beam. It is assumed that it cannot be set up.

  In this respect, in the present invention, a lower ceiling back space is formed above the corridor extending toward the living room, an air conditioning duct is disposed in the lower ceiling back space, and the upper ceiling back space above the upper ceiling space. A ventilation duct is provided. And since these each duct is arrange | positioned along the corridor in the state arranged mutually up and down, these each duct can be suitably arrange | positioned toward the same living room. Therefore, in this case, it can be said that this is a preferable configuration for conveying the air for ventilation and the air for air conditioning to the same living room.

  The duct installation structure in a building of an eighth invention is the invention according to any one of the first to seventh inventions, wherein the first duct is constituted by a long duct member, and the second duct is short. A plurality of duct members are connected to each other.

  By the way, there exists a thing comprised by connecting multiple short duct members as a ventilation duct. It is conceivable that such a ventilation duct is constructed by connecting the duct members from below the ceiling at the time of construction. Therefore, in the present invention, in view of this point, such a ventilation duct (second duct) is disposed in the lower ceiling space. In this case, the operation of connecting the duct members from the bottom of the ceiling can be facilitated, so that the duct installation operation can be suitably performed.

  A duct installation structure in a building of a ninth invention is applied to a building having a land roof formed over a plurality of the building units in any one of the first to eighth inventions, and is directly below the land roof. The upper ceiling space and the lower ceiling space are respectively formed in the building unit, the first duct is provided in the upper ceiling space, and the second duct is provided in the lower ceiling space. It is provided.

  In buildings where the roof part is a gabled or sided-type sloped roof, an attic space (attic space) is formed in the roof part. When installing a plurality of ventilation ducts, these ducts can be installed using not only the ceiling but also the attic. On the other hand, in a building where the roof portion is a flat roof, the duct cannot be installed using the attic as described above, so that a plurality of ventilation ducts cannot be arranged vertically and the like. Restrictions are likely to occur in the arrangement mode. In that respect, in the present invention, since the first invention is applied to such a configuration, a plurality of ventilation ducts can be arranged side by side without interfering with each other even on the back of the ceiling directly below the flat roof. It is possible to reduce the restriction of the degree of freedom related to the arrangement mode of the duct.

The perspective view which shows the outline | summary of a unit type building. The perspective view which shows the structure of a building unit. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the structure of the second floor part. The perspective view which shows the structure of an air conditioning system.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment embodying the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the present embodiment, the present invention is embodied in a two-story unit type building having a steel frame ramen structure. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an outline of a unit type building, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a building unit 20.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a building 10 such as a house includes a building body 12 provided on a foundation 11 and a roof portion 13 provided above the building body 12. The building body 12 is a two-story building having a first floor portion 14 as a lower floor portion and a second floor portion 15 as an upper floor portion, and is configured by connecting a plurality of building units 20 to each other. The building unit 20 is manufactured in advance in a manufacturing factory, and then transported to a construction site by a truck or the like. Moreover, the roof part 13 is comprised as a flat roof (flat roof).

  FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the building unit 20. As shown in FIG. 2, the building unit 20 includes four columns 21 disposed at the four corners thereof, and four ceiling beams 22 and floor beams 23 that connect the upper end portion and the lower end portion of each column 21, respectively. And. A rectangular frame (frame) is formed by the pillars 21, the ceiling beams 22 and the floor beams 23. The column 21 is made of a square tube-shaped square steel. The ceiling girder 22 and the floor girder 23 are made of channel steel having a U-shaped cross section, and are installed so that their openings face each other. The ceiling beam 22 (specifically, its web) is provided with beam through holes 22a at a plurality of locations.

  A plurality of small ceiling beams 25 are bridged between the large ceiling beams 22 on the long sides of the building unit 20 at predetermined intervals. Similarly, a plurality of floor beams 26 are bridged between the large floor beams 23 on the long sides of the building unit 20 at predetermined intervals. The ceiling beam 25 and the floor beam 26 are provided at the same interval and at positions corresponding to the upper and lower sides, respectively. For example, the ceiling beam 25 is made of lip groove steel, and the floor beam 26 is made of square steel. A ceiling surface material 27 (specifically, an upper ceiling surface material 27 described later) is supported by the ceiling beam 25, and a floor material 28 is supported by the floor beam 26.

  Next, the configuration of the second floor portion 15 of the building 10 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the configuration of the second floor portion 15.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the second floor portion 15 is provided with a living room 16, a corridor 17, a machine room 18, and a storage room 19 as an indoor space. The corridor 17 connects the living room 16 and the machine room 18. The hallway 17 is partitioned from the living room 16 by a partition wall 31. The partition wall 31 is provided with an entrance 32 for entering and exiting the living room 16 from the corridor 17, and a door 33 is provided at the entrance 32. The lower end portion of the door 33 is undercut, and a ventilation portion 34 that connects the living room 16 and the corridor 17 is formed between the door 33 and the floor surface 49.

  The machine room 18 is provided on the opposite side of the living room 16 with the corridor 17 interposed therebetween. The machine room 18 is surrounded on three sides by a partition wall 35, and an opening 36 that opens toward the corridor 17 is formed on one side surface of the machine room 18. The opening 36 is provided with a pair of upper and lower doors 37 and 38.

  An air conditioner 61 is installed on the floor 49 of the machine room 18. A storage shelf 39 that can store articles is installed in the upper part of the machine room 18. A portion of the opening 36 below the storage shelf 39 is a maintenance opening 48 used when maintaining the air conditioner 61. Of the pair of upper and lower doors 37, 38, the upper door 37 is a door for opening and closing the storage shelf 39, and the lower door 38 is a door for opening and closing the maintenance opening 48. The lower end portion of the door 38 is undercut, and a ventilation portion 41 that connects the corridor 17 and the machine room 18 is formed between the lower end portion of the door 38 and the floor surface 49.

  The storage compartment 19 is provided on the opposite side of the hallway 17 with the machine room 18 in between. The storage compartment 19 is partitioned from the machine room 18 by a partition wall 35. The storage compartment 19 is partitioned by a hallway (not shown) and a partition wall 42. An entrance / exit 43 is formed in the partition wall 42 for entering and exiting the storage door 19 from the corridor, and a door 44 is provided at the entrance / exit 43. The lower end portion of the door 44 is undercut, and a ventilation portion 46 is formed between the door 44 and the floor 49 so as to communicate the hallway and the storage door 19.

  The storage door 19 is partitioned from the outside by an outer wall portion 51. The outer wall portion 51 is formed with a window portion 52 that allows the storage 19 to communicate with the outdoors. The window 52 is provided with a window door 53 that opens and closes the window 52. The outer wall portion 51 includes a plurality of outer wall panels 51a provided side by side. Although illustration is omitted, the outer wall panel 51a has an outer wall surface material provided facing the outdoors and an outer wall frame fixed to the back side thereof, and the outer wall frame includes the ceiling beam 22 and the floor beam 23. The outer wall panel 51 a is fixed to the building unit 20 by being attached to the building unit 20 from the outdoor side.

  The room 16, the hallway 17, the machine room 18, and the storage room 19 described above are formed by a plurality (specifically, three) of building units 20 provided side by side. Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, A to C are given to the reference numerals of these building units 20, respectively. Specifically, A, B, and C are attached in order from the left building unit 20 to the right building unit 20 in FIG. In this case, the living room 16, the machine room 18, and the storage room 19 are each formed by one building unit 20A, 20B, 20C, and the corridor 17 straddles a plurality of (specifically, two) building units 20A, 20B. It is formed.

  Then, the structure of the ceiling part of the second floor part 15 is demonstrated.

  The ceiling portion of the second floor portion 15 is provided with an upper ceiling member 27 and a lower ceiling member 56 (corresponding to a falling ceiling) disposed below the upper ceiling member 27 as a ceiling member. . Both the upper ceiling member 27 and the lower ceiling member 56 are made of gypsum board. The upper ceiling member 27 is provided in the ceiling part of each indoor space 16-19 (in other words, the ceiling part of each building unit 20A-20C). The upper ceiling member 27 is supported from above by a field edge 54 provided on the lower surface of the ceiling beam 22 and the ceiling beam 25 (not shown in FIG. 3 for the sake of convenience).

  The lower ceiling member 56 is provided on each of the ceiling part of the hallway 17 and the ceiling part of the storage door 19. The lower ceiling member 56 provided on the ceiling of the hallway 17 is supported in a state of being spanned between the partition walls 45 facing each other with the hallway 17 interposed therebetween. Specifically, a plurality of rectangular frame-like ceiling frames 47 are spanned between the partition walls 45 (see FIG. 4), and a lower ceiling surface material 56 is attached to the lower surface side of these ceiling frames 47. It has been.

  As described above, the upper ceiling surface material 27 and the lower ceiling surface material 56 are disposed in each of the indoor spaces 16 to 19, so that the ceiling surfaces of the living room 16 and the machine room 18 are formed by the upper ceiling surface material 27. The ceiling surface of the corridor 17 and the storage compartment 19 is formed by the lower ceiling surface material 56. Accordingly, the hallway 17 and the storage room 19 are low ceiling spaces whose ceiling height is lower than that of the living room 16 and the machine room 18, and conversely, the living room 16 and the machine room 18 have a ceiling height of the hallway 17 In addition, the ceiling space is higher than the storage room 19.

  Ceiling back spaces 58 and 59 are formed above the ceiling members 27 and 56. The ceiling back spaces 58 and 59 are partitioned vertically from the indoor spaces 16 to 19 by ceiling surface materials 27 and 56. In the ceiling back spaces 58 and 59, there is a space between the upper ceiling surface space 58 formed between the upper ceiling surface material 27 and the roof portion 13 above the upper ceiling surface material 27, and the upper ceiling surface material 27 and the lower ceiling surface material 56. There is a lower ceiling space 59 formed in the bottom. These ceiling back spaces 58 and 59 are partitioned vertically by the upper ceiling member 27.

  The upper ceiling back space 58 is formed as an inner space surrounded by the ceiling beams 22 of the building unit 20. The upper ceiling back space 58 is formed for each of the building units 20A to 20C. In the following description, A to C are given to the reference numerals of the upper ceiling back space 58 of the building units 20A to 20C, respectively. The vertical dimension H1 (height dimension) of the upper ceiling back space 58, that is, the vertical dimension H1 from the upper ceiling member 27 to the roof portion 13 is substantially the same as the height dimension of the ceiling beam 22; It is slightly larger than the height dimension of 22. The upper ceiling back spaces 58 </ b> A to 58 </ b> C communicate with each other through the beam through holes 22 a of the ceiling beam 22. In addition, the roof part 13 (land roof) is provided ranging over the upper surface of the ceiling large beam 22 of each building unit 20A-20C.

  The lower ceiling back space 59 is provided above the hallway 17 and above the storage door 19, respectively. A lower ceiling space 59 above the corridor 17 (hereinafter referred to as “a”) is formed across a plurality (specifically, two) of building units 20A and 20B. Since the lower ceiling back space 59a is formed below the ceiling beam 22, it is not divided by the ceiling beam 22, but is continuously formed across the building units 20A and 20B. In the following description, the portion formed in the building unit 20A in the lower ceiling back space 59a is referred to as the lower ceiling back space 59A, and the portion formed in the building unit 20B is referred to as the lower ceiling back space 59B.

  A lower ceiling back space 59 above the storage door 19 (hereinafter, b is added to this symbol) is formed in the building unit 20C. The lower ceiling back space 59b is surrounded by the partition walls 35 and 42 and the outer wall 51, and the vertical dimension thereof is the same as the vertical dimension of the lower ceiling back space 59a above the hallway 17. The vertical dimension H2 of the lower ceiling back spaces 59a and 59b (specifically, the vertical dimension between the ceiling surface members 27 and 56) is larger than the vertical dimension H1 of the upper ceiling back space 58.

  The floor portion of the second floor portion 15 is provided with joists 57 on the floor beams 23 and the floor beams 26 (not shown in FIG. 3). Is provided. The floor material 28 is made of, for example, a particle board. The floor surface material 28 forms a floor surface 49 of the indoor spaces 16-19.

  In the present embodiment, an air conditioning system 60 that air-conditions an indoor space and a ventilation system 70 that ventilates the indoor space are provided on the second floor portion 15 of the building 10. Hereinafter, configurations of the air conditioning system 60 and the ventilation system 70 will be described.

  First, the configuration of the air conditioning system 60 will be described with reference to FIG. 4 in addition to FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the air conditioning system 60. In FIG. 4, for the sake of convenience, the illustration of the partition wall 45 on the front side of the page is omitted.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the air conditioning system 60 includes an air conditioner 61 that generates conditioned air (warm air and cold air), an air conditioner duct 62 connected to the air conditioner 61, and a blowout connected to the air conditioner duct 62. And a chamber 63. The air conditioner 61 is configured as an indoor unit installed in the machine room 18. The air conditioner 61 takes in air flowing into the machine room 18 from the corridor 17 as return air, and generates conditioned air based on the return air. The air conditioner 61 supplies the generated conditioned air to the air conditioning duct 62.

  The air conditioning duct 62 is installed in the lower ceiling back space 59 a above the hallway 17. The air conditioning duct 62 extends along the corridor 17 in the lower ceiling back space 59a, and is disposed across the lower ceiling back spaces 59A and 59B. One end side of the air conditioning duct 62 protrudes from the lower ceiling back space 59 a to the machine room 18, and the protruding portion is connected to the air conditioner 61 via the connection duct 64. The other end of the air conditioning duct 62 extends toward the living room 16. The air conditioning duct 62 corresponds to a “second duct” and a “large duct”.

  The air conditioning duct 62 has a plurality of duct portions 66 provided side by side, and each of the duct portions 66 is connected to each other. Each duct part 66 is formed in a square cylinder shape by using polystyrene foam such as polystyrene foam having excellent heat insulation performance. Each duct portion 66 (and thus the air conditioning duct 62) has a height dimension (vertical dimension) larger than the vertical dimension H1 of the upper ceiling back space 58 and smaller than the vertical dimension H2 of the lower ceiling back space 59. Is set to Each duct portion 66 corresponds to a “short duct member”.

  In addition, each duct part 66 does not necessarily need to be formed with expanded polystyrene, and may be formed with resin materials other than expanded polystyrene. Moreover, each duct part 66 may be formed with materials other than resin materials, such as a metal material.

  Although not shown, adjacent duct portions 66 are connected to each other by a long connecting member. Protruding portions 66a facing each other are provided on the side surfaces of the adjacent duct portions 66, and connecting members are attached to the facing protruding portions 66a so as to bundle the protruding portions 66a. Thereby, the adjacent duct parts 66 are mutually connected.

  The blowout chamber 63 is connected to a side surface portion of the air conditioning duct 62 (specifically, the duct portion 66). In the present embodiment, the blowout chamber 63 is connected to a plurality of locations (specifically, three locations) in the air conditioning duct 62. The blowout chamber 63 has a blowout port 67 through which conditioned air is blown out. When conditioned air is supplied from the air conditioning duct 62 to the blowout chamber 63, the conditioned air is blown out from the blowout port 67 toward the indoor space. In addition, a rectangular frame-shaped blow grill 69 is provided on the blow outlet 67 side of each blow chamber 63.

  A part of the blowout chambers 63 among the blowout chambers 63 is connected to a side surface portion at a tip end portion (an end portion opposite to the connection duct 64) of the air conditioning duct 62. The blowing chamber 63 is disposed in an opening 68 formed in the partition wall 31 and blows conditioned air toward the living room 16. Specifically, the blow-out chamber 63 is disposed at a step portion between the upper ceiling member 27 and the lower ceiling member 56 and blows air-conditioned air sideways toward the living room 16. ing. The conditioned air blown from the blowout chamber 63 to the living room 16 flows into the hallway 17 through the ventilation portion 34 below the door 33, and then flows into the machine room 18 through the ventilation portion 41 below the door 38.

  Then, the structure of the ventilation system 70 is demonstrated based on FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the ventilation system 70 includes a ventilation device 71 and a plurality of ducts 72 to 74 connected to the ventilation device 71. The ventilation device 71 is installed near the outer wall 51 in the lower ceiling back space 59 b of the storage 19. The ventilation device 71 is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and its vertical dimension (height dimension) is larger than each of the ducts 72 to 74. More specifically, the vertical dimension of the ventilator 71 is larger than the vertical dimension H1 of the upper ceiling back space 58 and smaller than the vertical dimension H2 of the lower ceiling back space 59.

  The ventilation device 71 is connected to an intake duct 72 and a discharge duct 73 that lead to the outdoors. The intake duct 72 and the discharge duct 73 are respectively inserted through insertion holes 78 formed in the outer wall portion 51. In FIG. 3, the intake duct 72 and the discharge duct 73 are shown as one duct, but these ducts 72 and 73 are arranged side by side in the depth direction of the drawing.

  An air supply duct 74 is connected to the ventilation device 71. The air supply duct 74 is formed of a circular flexible tube (corresponding to a long duct member) formed of a resin material or a metal material. Unlike the air-conditioning duct 62, the air supply duct 74 does not require that much heat insulation performance, and therefore it is not necessary to increase the thickness with a heat insulating material (heat insulating material) or the like. Therefore, the thickness of the air supply duct 74 is made smaller than that of the air conditioning duct 62, and the cross-sectional size thereof is made smaller than that of the air conditioning duct 62. More specifically, the air supply duct 74 has an outer diameter smaller than the diameter of the beam through hole 22 a of the ceiling large beam 22. The air supply duct 74 corresponds to a “ventilation duct”, a “first duct”, and a “small duct”.

  The air supply duct 74 extends from the lower ceiling back space 59b to the upper ceiling back space 58C through an insertion hole 79 formed in the upper ceiling member 27 in the building unit 20C. Further, the air supply duct 74 extends from the upper ceiling back space 58C to the upper ceiling back space 58A of the building unit 20A via the upper ceiling back space 58B of the building unit 20B. In this case, the air supply duct 74 extends across the upper ceiling back spaces 58 </ b> A to 58 </ b> C through the beam through holes 22 a formed in the ceiling beam 22. The air supply duct 74 extends along the ceiling beam 25 in each of the upper ceiling back spaces 58A to 58C.

  The air supply duct 74 extends over the upper ceiling back spaces 58A and 58B above the corridor 17. In this case, the air supply duct 74 extends along the corridor 17, and one end thereof is connected to the air supply grill 76 provided on the ceiling surface of the living room 16. Therefore, above the corridor 17, the air conditioning duct 62 disposed in the lower ceiling back space 59 a and the air supply duct 74 disposed in the upper ceiling back space 58 A, 58 B are arranged in the vertical direction. 17 extends along.

  The ventilation device 71 has an intake fan (not shown) therein. When this intake fan is operated, outdoor air (outside air) is taken into the ventilator 71 through the intake duct 72, and the taken-in air is supplied to the air supply grill 76 through the air supply duct 74. Is done. Then, the supplied air is blown out (downward) from the supply grill 76 toward the living room 16.

  The air blown into the living room 16 flows into the storage compartment 19 through the ventilation portions 34 and 46 formed under the doors 33 and 44. A suction grill 81 is provided on the lower ceiling member 56 of the storage door 19, and the suction grill 81 is connected to the ventilation device 71. The ventilation device 71 has an exhaust fan (not shown) therein. When the exhaust fan is activated, the air (inside air) of the storage 19 is sucked into the ventilator 71 through the suction grille 81, and the sucked air is discharged from the ventilator 71 through the exhaust duct 73 to the outside. In this way, the living room 16 (and consequently the indoor space) is ventilated.

  Next, an operation procedure when the air conditioning duct 62 and the air supply duct 74 are installed on the back of the ceiling of the second floor portion 15 will be described.

  First, each building unit 20 is manufactured in a manufacturing factory, and these manufactured building units 20 are conveyed to a construction site by a truck or the like. At the construction site, first, each building unit 20 conveyed from the manufacturing factory is installed at a predetermined installation position.

  After installing each building unit 20, the installation work of the air-conditioning duct 62 is performed. In this installation work, first, the work of assembling the ceiling frame 47 to the ceiling part of the hallway 17 is performed. However, the ceiling frame 47 may be assembled to the building unit 20 in advance at the manufacturing factory.

  After the ceiling frame 47 is assembled, an operation of installing the air conditioning duct 62 on the ceiling frame 47 is performed. Here, it is assumed that such installation work is performed from the bottom of the ceiling (that is, the corridor 17 side). In this installation work, the duct portions 66 constituting the air conditioning duct 62 are sequentially placed on the ceiling frame 47 and the duct portions 66 are connected to each other by a connecting member. When the duct portion 66 is placed on the ceiling frame 47, the duct portion 66 is lifted and placed on the frame 47 through the frame of the ceiling frame 47. At this time, since the duct portion 66 is formed of foamed polystyrene and has a relatively light weight, the duct portion 66 can be easily lifted. After installing the air conditioning duct 62, the lower ceiling surface material 56 is assembled to the ceiling frame 47.

  Next, installation work of the air supply duct 74 is performed. Installation work of the air supply duct 74 is performed on the building unit 20. In this operation, the air supply duct 74 is inserted into the beam through hole 22a of the ceiling beam 22 and is disposed across the upper ceiling back spaces 58A to 58C of each building unit 20. Thereafter, both ends of the air supply duct 74 are connected to the ventilation device 71 and the air supply grill 76, respectively. However, the air supply duct 74 may be disposed in the upper ceiling back spaces 58 </ b> A to 58 </ b> C after any end portion of the air supply duct 74 is attached to the ventilation device 71 or the air supply grill 76.

  As mentioned above, according to the structure of this embodiment explained in full detail, the following outstanding effects are acquired.

  In the ceiling portion of the building unit 20, an upper ceiling space 58 surrounded by the ceiling ceiling beam 22 is formed above the upper ceiling surface material 27 supported by the ceiling beams 22 and 25, and the upper ceiling surface material 27 and the upper ceiling surface material 27. A lower ceiling back space 59 was formed between the lower ceiling member 56 disposed below. Since the air supply duct 74 is disposed in the upper ceiling space 58 and the air conditioning duct 62 is disposed in the lower ceiling space 59 among these ceiling spaces 58 and 59, the ceiling space of the building unit 20 is It becomes possible to arrange the air supply duct 74 and the air conditioning duct 62 side by side without interfering with each other. Thereby, when arrange | positioning the several ducts 62 and 74 in the ceiling back of the building unit 20, the restriction | limiting of the freedom degree regarding the arrangement | positioning aspect can be decreased.

  In general, the air conditioning duct 62 that conveys conditioned air (warm air or cold air) is required to have high heat insulation performance, and thus is formed with a relatively large thickness using a heat insulating material or the like. The air supply duct 74 that is transported toward the side is formed with a smaller thickness than the air conditioning duct 62 because the heat insulation performance is not so required. Therefore, when the sizes of the cross sections of the air conditioning duct 62 and the air supply duct 74 are compared, the air conditioning duct 62 has a larger cross section, and the air supply duct 74 has a smaller cross section. More specifically, the air conditioning duct 62 has a larger sectional height, and the air supply duct 74 has a smaller sectional height. In view of this point, in the above embodiment, the air supply duct 74 is disposed in the upper ceiling space 58 (58A, 58B), and the air conditioning duct 62 is disposed in the lower ceiling space 59a (59A, 59B). Has been established. The upper ceiling back space 58 has its vertical dimension H1 generally defined by the ceiling beam 22, while the lower ceiling back space 59 reduces the vertical dimension H2 by lowering the installation position of the lower ceiling member 56. Since it is possible to increase the size, in this case, it is possible to realize a preferable duct installation in consideration of the cross-sectional sizes of the air conditioning duct 62 and the air supply duct 74.

  Of the air supply duct 74 and the air conditioning duct 62, the air supply duct 74 formed in such a size that the beam through hole 22a of the ceiling beam 22 can be inserted is disposed in the upper ceiling back space 58, and the beam through hole 22a is inserted. The air conditioning duct 62 formed in an impossible size is disposed in the lower ceiling back space 59. In this case, the air supply duct 74 can be disposed across the upper ceiling space 58A, 58B of the adjacent building units 20A, 20B through the beam through-hole 22a, and the degree of freedom regarding the arrangement mode is increased. be able to.

  In addition to the upper ceiling back spaces 58A and 58B, lower ceiling back spaces 59A and 59B were formed in adjacent building units 20A and 20B, respectively. Then, an air supply duct 74 is provided across the upper ceiling back spaces 58A and 58B of the building units 20A and 20B, and straddles the lower ceiling back spaces 59A and 59B of the building units 20A and 20B. The air conditioning duct 62 was disposed. In this case, in addition to the air supply duct 74 that can be inserted through the beam through hole 22a, the air conditioning duct 62 that cannot be inserted through the beam through hole 22a can be installed across the building units 20. Therefore, the air supply duct 74 and the air conditioning duct 62 can be installed across the units in a state where they are arranged one above the other.

  A ventilator 71 that takes (conveys) outdoor air into the indoor space (living room 16) through the air duct 74 is connected to the air duct 74, and the ventilator 71 is disposed in the lower ceiling back space 59b. . Since the vertical dimension of the ventilator 71 is larger than that of the air supply duct 74, the ventilator 71 can be suitably installed in this case.

  A lower ceiling back space 59a is formed above the corridor 17 extending toward the living room 16, an air conditioning duct 62 is disposed in the lower ceiling back space 59a, and air is supplied to the upper ceiling back spaces 58A and 58B above the lower ceiling back space 59a. A duct 74 was provided. These ducts 62 and 74 are arranged so as to extend along the corridor 17 in a state where they are arranged vertically. In this case, since these ducts 62 and 74 can be suitably arranged toward the same living room 16, it is preferable for transporting ventilation air (outdoor air) and air conditioning air to the same living room 16. It can be said that it is a composition.

  Of the air supply duct 74 and the air conditioning duct 62, the air supply duct 74 made of a long flexible pipe is disposed in the upper ceiling back space 58, and a plurality of short duct portions 66 are connected. The air conditioning duct 62 is disposed in the lower ceiling back space 59. In this case, when constructing the air conditioning duct 62 by connecting the duct portions 66 from under the ceiling, the operation can be facilitated. Therefore, it is possible to suitably perform the duct installation work.

  In a building where the roof portion is a gable or side-sloped roof, an attic space (shed space) is formed on the roof portion, so the ceiling of the building unit 20 arranged directly below the roof portion. When installing a plurality of ventilation ducts, it is possible to install these ducts using the attic as well as the ceiling. On the other hand, in the building 10 according to the above-described embodiment in which the roof portion 13 is a flat roof, it is impossible to install a duct using such an attic. Restrictions are likely to occur on the arrangement mode of the duct, for example, it cannot be arranged. In that respect, since the duct installation structure described above, that is, the air supply duct 74 is installed in the upper ceiling space 58 and the air conditioning duct 62 is installed in the lower ceiling space 59 is applied to the building 10. It is possible to arrange a plurality of ventilation ducts 62 and 74 side by side without interfering with each other even on the ceiling behind the ceiling, and to reduce the restriction on the degree of freedom regarding the arrangement mode of these ducts 62 and 74. it can.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and may be implemented as follows, for example.

  (1) In the above embodiment, the air supply duct 74 is installed in the upper ceiling space 58 and the air conditioning duct 62 is installed in the lower ceiling space 59. However, this may be reversed. That is, the air conditioning duct 62 may be installed in the upper ceiling back space 58 and the air supply duct 74 may be installed in the lower ceiling back space 59. However, in this case, the vertical dimension (cross-sectional height) of the air conditioning duct 62 needs to be smaller than the vertical dimension H1 of the upper ceiling back space 58.

  Further, it is not always necessary to provide the air conditioning duct 62 in one of the upper ceiling back space 58 and the lower ceiling back space 59 and the air supply duct 74 in the other. For example, when a plurality of air conditioning ducts are provided in the air conditioning system, the plurality of air conditioning ducts may be separately installed in the upper ceiling back space 58 and the lower ceiling back space 59, respectively. When a plurality of air supply ducts are provided in the ventilation system, the plurality of air supply ducts may be separately installed in the upper ceiling back space 58 and the lower ceiling back space 59, respectively.

  (2) In the above embodiment, the case where the air supply duct 74 (corresponding to the ventilation duct) that conveys outdoor air toward the indoor space is disposed in the upper ceiling back space 58 has been described, but depending on the ventilation system, An exhaust duct that conveys air in an indoor space toward the outdoors may be formed in a long shape. Therefore, in such a case, the exhaust duct (corresponding to a ventilation duct) may be disposed in the upper ceiling space 58. Such an exhaust duct is also formed with a smaller thickness than the air-conditioning duct 62 because heat insulation performance is not required. Therefore, the size of the cross section is also smaller than the air conditioning duct 62. Accordingly, in this case as well, by arranging the exhaust duct in the upper ceiling space 58 and the air conditioning duct 62 in the lower ceiling space 59, a suitable duct corresponding to the size of the cross section of each duct is obtained. Installation can be realized.

  (3) In the configuration of (2), it is conceivable that a ventilator is connected to the exhaust duct (upstream side), and the air in the indoor space is discharged to the outside through the exhaust duct by the ventilator. Even in such a configuration, if the ventilator is disposed in the lower ceiling back space 59, the ventilator can be suitably installed on the back of the ceiling.

  (4) In the above embodiment, the ventilation device 71 is installed in the lower ceiling back space 59b different from the lower ceiling back space 59a in which the air conditioning duct 62 is installed. However, the ventilation device 71 is installed in the lower ceiling back space 59a. If there is a space to install, the ventilation device 71 may be installed in the space.

  (5) In the above embodiment, the air conditioning duct 62 is configured by connecting a plurality of short duct portions 66 (short duct members). However, the air conditioning duct is formed by a long pipe (long duct member). It may be configured. Further, the air supply duct 74 may be configured by connecting a plurality of short duct members.

  (6) In the above embodiment, the air supply duct 74 and the air conditioning duct 62 are disposed across the ceiling space 58A, 58B (59A, 59B) of the adjacent building units 20A, 20B. As a modification, at least one of the air supply duct 74 and the air conditioning duct 62 may be disposed only in the ceiling space 58 (59) of one building unit 20. Even in that case, in the one building unit 20, the air supply duct 74 is disposed in the upper ceiling space 58 and the air conditioning duct 62 is disposed in the lower ceiling space 59. Can be arranged side by side.

  (7) In the above-described embodiment, the upper ceiling surface material 27 that partitions the upper ceiling back space 58 and the lower ceiling back space 59 up and down is provided. However, the upper ceiling surface material 27 may not be provided. Also in this case, the inner space surrounded by the ceiling beam 22 in the ceiling space above the lower ceiling member 56 (corresponding to the falling ceiling) becomes the upper ceiling space 58, which is below the ceiling beam 22. The space above the lower ceiling member 56 is the lower ceiling back space 59.

  (8) In the above embodiment, the duct installation structure of the present invention is applied to the ceiling of the building unit 20 on the second floor portion 15. However, the duct installation structure of the present invention is applied to the ceiling of the building unit 20 on the first floor portion 14. May be. Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the duct installation structure of this invention was applied to the building 10 which has a flat roof (roof part 13), the duct of this invention is applied to the building which has a gable-type roof or a ridge-type roof (inclined roof). An installation structure may be applied.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Building, 13 ... Roof part, 16 ... Living room, 17 ... Corridor, 20 ... Building unit, 21 ... Column, 22 ... Ceiling beam as ceiling beam, 22a ... Beam through-hole, 25 ... Ceiling beam as ceiling beam 27 ... Upper ceiling member, 56 ... Lower ceiling member as a falling ceiling, 58 ... Upper ceiling back space, 59 ... Lower ceiling back space, 62 ... Air conditioning duct as a ventilation duct, second duct and large duct , 66 ... a duct part as a short duct member, 71 ... a ventilation device, 74 ... a ventilation duct, a ventilation duct, a first duct and an air supply duct as a small duct.

Claims (7)

Applied to unit type buildings constructed by combining multiple building units with ceiling beams, floor beams and columns,
A ventilation duct that conveys outdoor air indoors or indoor air outdoors and an air conditioning duct that conveys air for air conditioning generated by the air conditioner are installed on the ceiling of the building unit. A duct installation structure in a building,
The ceiling part of the building unit is provided with a falling ceiling,
A ceiling space is formed above the falling ceiling,
The ceiling back space includes an upper ceiling back space formed by being surrounded by a ceiling beam as the ceiling beam, and a lower ceiling space formed below the ceiling beam and above the falling ceiling. With space,
The vertical dimension of the lower ceiling space is larger than the vertical dimension of the upper ceiling space,
The ventilation duct is disposed in the upper ceiling space, and the air conditioning duct is disposed in the lower ceiling space ,
The ventilation duct is connected to a ventilation device that conveys air through the ventilation duct.
The ventilator is installed in the lower ceiling space provided with the air conditioning duct or in a lower ceiling space different from it,
In the building, wherein the ventilation duct extends downward from the upper ceiling space above the lower ceiling space where the ventilation device is installed, and is connected to the ventilation device . Duct installation structure. The ventilation duct is a small duct having a small cross-sectional size,
2. The duct installation structure in a building according to claim 1, wherein the air conditioning duct is a large duct having a large cross-sectional size. The upper ceiling space of the adjacent building unit communicates with each other through a beam through hole formed in the ceiling beam of each building unit,
The ventilation duct is formed in a size capable of being inserted through the beam through hole,
The duct installation structure in a building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the air-conditioning duct is formed in a size incapable of being inserted through the beam through hole. The lower ceiling space is formed in each of the adjacent building units,
The ventilation duct is disposed across the upper ceiling space of the adjacent building unit through the beam through hole,
The said air-conditioning duct is arrange | positioned ranging over the said lower ceiling back space of the said adjacent building unit, The duct installation structure in the building of Claim 3 characterized by the above-mentioned. Applies to buildings that have a living room and a corridor that extends towards that room,
The ventilation duct conveys outdoor air to the living room,
The air conditioning duct conveys the air for air conditioning to the living room,
Above the corridor, the lower ceiling back space extending along the corridor is formed,
The air conditioning duct is disposed along the hallway in the lower ceiling space,
The ventilation duct according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said are upper ceiling in the back space and the air-conditioning duct along the air conditioning duct in a state of being aligned in the vertical disposed Duct installation structure in a building. The ventilation duct is composed of a long duct member,
6. The duct installation structure in a building according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the air conditioning duct is configured by connecting a plurality of short duct members. Applied to a building having a flat roof formed across a plurality of the building units,
The upper ceiling space and the lower ceiling space are respectively formed in the building unit immediately below the flat roof,
The duct installation in the building according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein the ventilation duct is provided in the upper ceiling space, and the air-conditioning duct is provided in the lower ceiling space. Construction.

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