JP2004019264A - Building structure - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a building structure which prevents condensation in an outer wall on a first story of the building. <P>SOLUTION: The building 10 structure is formed of a box-like building main body 12 enclosed by the outer wall 20, a foundation 11 arranged below the building main body 12, and first-story and second-story roofs 131, 132 arranged on the building main body 12. The building structure has an underfloor space 15 formed on the lower side of the building main body 12 and enclosed by the foundation 11, and first-story and second-story attic spaces 161, 162 formed on the upper side of the building main body 12 and enclosed by the roofs 13 on the respective stories. Further the building main body includes air ducts 21, a communication tube 18, and air blowers 19. Each air duct 21 is formed in the outer wall 20 and extends in the vertical direction to communicate between the underfloor space 15 and each of the attic spaces 161, 162. The communicating pipe 18 is formed in the building main body 12 and communicates between the underfloor space 15 and the second-story attic space 162. Each air blower 19 circulates air through the air ducts 21, the attic spaces 161, 162 on the respective stories, the communication pipe 18, and the underfloor space 15. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides, for example, a box-shaped building body surrounded by an outer wall, a foundation provided along the outer wall below the building body, and a roof provided on the building body. Regarding the structure.
[0002]
[Background Art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a building such as a house or a building, it is known that when a temperature difference between indoor and outdoor is large, dew condensation occurs on the inside of the outer wall or on the indoor side wall surface of the outer wall.
For example, in winter, even if the outside air temperature is low, the indoor air temperature is maintained at a comfortable temperature for the occupants by a heater or the like, and the temperature difference between the indoor air and the outdoor air becomes large. In this case, the outer wall is cooled by the cold outdoor air, and the indoor side wall surface of the outer wall is also cooled. Then, the warm air in the room comes into contact with the inner side wall surface of the outer wall, is cooled, and becomes lower than the dew point temperature. As a result, the water vapor contained in the warm air in the room condenses into water droplets, and dew condensation occurs.
When such dew condensation occurs, corrosion or mold may occur on wood such as a base.
[0003]
Therefore, in order to prevent the occurrence of dew condensation, there is the following structure of the outer wall of the building.
For example, the outer wall includes a core material extending substantially vertically and substantially horizontally, an outer surface material provided on the outdoor side of the core material, an inner surface material provided on the indoor side of the core material, and an outer surface material. And a rock wool material as a heat insulating material attached to the inside. The space between the rock wool and the inner surface material is a ventilation layer.
According to this configuration, since the heat insulating property can be improved by the rock wool material and the ventilation layer, even when the indoor and outdoor temperature difference is large, the inner side wall surface of the outer wall, that is, the inner side surface material does not become cold, and dew condensation inside the room does not occur. Does not occur.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, near the surface of the ground, a large amount of water vapor is generated due to evaporation of moisture in the ground. Therefore, the air below the building, such as the underfloor space and the first floor of the building, contains more water vapor than the air above the building, such as the second floor of the building and the back of the hut. Therefore, dew condensation was likely to occur in the ventilation layer on the outer wall of the first floor of the building.
[0005]
An object of the present invention is to provide a structure of a building that can prevent dew condensation from occurring in the outer wall at the bottom of the building.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the structure of the building of the present invention employs the following configuration.
The structure of the building according to claim 1, wherein a box-shaped building body surrounded by an outer wall, a foundation provided along the outer wall below the building body, and a roof provided on the building body. A structure of a building comprising: an underfloor space formed by being surrounded by the foundation on the lower side of the building body; and a cabin back space formed by being surrounded by the roof above the building body. An air flow passage formed in the outer wall so as to extend in the up-down direction and communicating with the underfloor space and the back space, and the underfloor space and the back space provided inside the building body. It is characterized by comprising a communication pipe for communication, and a circulation device for circulating air through the air flow passage, the cabin back space, the communication pipe, and the underfloor space.
[0007]
In the vicinity of the surface of the ground, moisture in the ground evaporates and a large amount of water vapor is generated. Therefore, the air below the building such as the underfloor space and the first floor of the building contains a large amount of water vapor. On the other hand, the air in the upper part of the building, such as the space behind the hut or the second floor of the building, does not contain much water vapor. In addition, air containing a large amount of water vapor has a higher specific gravity than air containing little water vapor, so that the air below the building does not naturally move to the upper part of the building.
[0008]
According to the present invention, since the air flow passage is provided inside the outer wall, the heat insulating property can be improved. Therefore, even when the temperature difference between the indoor and the outdoor is large, the cooling of the indoor side wall surface of the outer wall, that is, the inner surface material is prevented. Can be prevented, and no dew condensation occurs in the room.
At this time, by activating the circulation device, air circulates through the air flow passage, the cabin back space, the communication pipe, and the underfloor space. Thereby, the air containing a large amount of water vapor and the air containing a small amount of water vapor are mixed, and the amount of water vapor in the air in the air flow passage is made uniform. Therefore, it is possible to prevent dew condensation from occurring in the outer wall at the lower part of the building.
[0009]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the structure of the first aspect, the circulating device circulates the air by raising the air in the air flow passage.
According to the present invention, since the air in the air flow passage is circulated by being raised, the air containing a large amount of water vapor at the lower part of the building and the air not containing much water vapor at the upper part of the building are quickly mixed. Can be.
[0010]
The structure of the building according to claim 3 is the structure of the building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the outer wall is provided on a core material extending substantially vertically and substantially horizontally, and on an outdoor side of the core material. Outer surface material, comprising an inner surface material provided on the indoor side of the core material, between at least one of the outer surface material and the inner surface material and the core material in a substantially vertical direction It is characterized in that an extended vertical waist edge is interposed.
[0011]
In a conventional outer wall, even if a ventilation layer is formed, the ventilation layer is vertically divided by a core material extending in a substantially horizontal direction. Therefore, the air in the ventilation layer did not move in the vertical direction.
According to the present invention, since the vertical body edge is interposed between the outer face material or the inner face material and the core material, the vertical body edge is provided between the outer face material or the inner face material and the core material extending substantially in the horizontal direction. A gap corresponding to the thickness of the edge is formed. Since the ventilation layer is vertically continuous through the gap, the air flow passage can be easily formed, and the manufacturing cost of the building can be reduced.
[0012]
The structure of the building according to claim 4 is the structure of the building according to claim 3, wherein the outer wall includes a heat insulating material provided inside the outer side material, and the vertical trunk edge is the inner side surface. It is interposed between the material and the core material.
According to the present invention, since the outer wall is formed in the order of the outer surface material, the heat insulating material, the air flow passage, and the inner surface material, the outer heat insulating structure is provided, that is, the air passing through the air flow passage is cooled by the heat insulating material. Therefore, the occurrence of dew condensation can be more reliably prevented.
[0013]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a building 10 to which the structure of the building according to the present embodiment is applied. The building 10 includes a box-shaped building body 12 surrounded by an outer wall 20, a foundation 11 provided along the outer wall 20 below the building body 12, and a roof 13 provided on the building body 12. It has.
[0014]
The roof 13 is configured to include a first floor roof 131 and a second floor roof 132. On the upper side of the building main body 12, a first-floor back space 161 and a second-floor back space 162 are formed surrounded by the floor roofs 131 and 132.
The outer wall 20 includes an outer wall 20A (the right side in FIG. 1) continuous from the foundation 11 to the second floor roof 132, an outer wall 20B (a lower left side in FIG. 1) extending from the foundation 11 to the first floor roof 131, and a first floor roof 131 to 2 An outer wall 20C (upper left in FIG. 1) extending to the floor roof 132 is configured.
Below the building body 12, an underfloor space 15 is formed surrounded by the foundation 11.
[0015]
Inside the outer wall 20A, there is formed an air flow passage 21 extending vertically and communicating with the underfloor space 15 and the second-floor back space 162.
Inside the outer walls 20B and 20C, there is formed an air flow passage 21 extending vertically and communicating with the underfloor space 15 and the second-floor back space 162 through the first-floor back space 161.
[0016]
Inside the building main body 12, a communication pipe that communicates the underfloor space 15 and the second-floor back space 162, and the airflow passage 21 of each of the underfloor spaces 161 and 162, the communication pipe 18, the underfloor space 15, and the outer wall 20. A blower 19 is provided as a circulation device for circulating air.
The blower 19 is arranged near the upper end of the communication pipe 18 in the back space 162 on the second floor, and circulates the air in the air flow passage 21 by raising the air. The path of the air passing through the air flow passage 21 is indicated by a solid arrow in FIG.
[0017]
Inside the outer wall 20 and on the outdoor side from the airflow passage 21, a ventilation layer 22 is formed extending vertically and communicating with the outside. The air passing through the ventilation layer 22 is not mixed with the air passing through the air flow passage 21. The path of the air passing through the ventilation layer 22 is indicated by a dashed line in FIG.
[0018]
The first and second floors of the building body 12 are provided with an air inlet 121 for taking in outdoor air indoors and an exhaust port 122 for discharging indoor air outdoors. The indoor air is ventilated by the intake port 121 and the exhaust port 122. The path of the air passing through the room is indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG.
[0019]
FIG. 2 shows an enlarged sectional view of the building 10.
That is, the first floor 30, the first ceiling 40, and the second floor 50 are provided in the building body 12 of the building 10 in addition to the outer walls 20 </ b> B and 20 </ b> C.
[0020]
The outer wall 20B includes a core member 23 extending substantially vertically and substantially horizontally, an outer side member 24 provided on the outdoor side of the core member 23, and an inner side member 25 provided on the indoor side of the core member 23. A vertical waist edge 26 extending in a substantially vertical direction interposed between the inner surface member 25 and the core member 23, and a heat insulating material 27 such as rock wool provided inside the outer surface member 24. .
Here, the core material 23 extending in the substantially vertical direction is the first-floor column 234, and the core material 23 extending in the substantially horizontal direction is the base 231 and the second-floor spar 233. Therefore, the vertical waist edge 26 is attached to the first floor column 234.
The air flow passage 21 is formed by being surrounded by an inner surface material 25, a vertical trunk edge 26, and a heat insulating material 27.
The outer wall 20C has the same configuration as the outer wall 20B, but the core material 23 is a second-floor girder (not shown) in addition to the second-floor beam 232 and the second-floor column 235. The outer wall 20A has the same configuration as the outer wall 20B.
[0021]
Further, the outer wall 20 </ b> B includes an outer vertical body edge 28 provided on the surface of the outer side surface material 24 and extending in a substantially vertical direction, and an exterior material 29 provided on the surface of the outer vertical body edge 28. The ventilation layer 22 is formed so as to be surrounded by the outer side material 24, the outer vertical waist edge 28, and the exterior material 29.
The outer walls 20A and 20C have the same configuration as the outer wall 20B.
[0022]
The first-floor floor 30 is provided with large pulleys 31 arranged at predetermined intervals, joists 32 arranged at predetermined intervals in a direction on and crossing the large pulleys 31, and upper surfaces of the joists 32. And a floor member 33 provided.
The underfloor space 15 is formed by being surrounded by the foundation 11 and the floor surface material 33 of the first floor 30.
[0023]
The first-floor ceiling 40 includes a bezel 41 supported by the second-floor beams 232 and arranged at predetermined intervals, and a ceiling panel 42 provided on the lower surface of the bezel 41.
The second floor 50 includes a floor panel 51 provided on the upper surface of the second beam 232.
The space surrounded by the ceiling surface material 42 of the first floor ceiling 40, the floor surface material 51 of the second floor floor 50, and the second floor beams 232 is a first floor ceiling space 43.
[0024]
The first-floor roof 131 is attached to the second-floor 233 and a rafter 61 spanned over a main house (not shown), a field board 62 provided on the surface of the rafter 61, and attached to the surface of the field board 62 at predetermined intervals. And a roof finishing material 64 provided on the surface of the support member 63. A space surrounded by the base plate 62, the support member 63, and the roof finishing material 64 is a ventilation layer 65.
[0025]
On the eaves side of the first-floor roof 131, an eaves ceiling 66 is provided between the eaves and the outer wall 20B. A space surrounded by the eave ceiling 66, the second-floor girder 233, and the roof finishing material 64 is a first-floor eave ceiling space 171. The first floor eave ceiling space 171 communicates directly with the outdoor space and also communicates with the ventilation layer 65.
Note that the second-floor roof 132 has the same configuration as the first-floor roof 131. The ventilation layer 65 of the second-floor roof 132 communicates with the outdoor space at the ridge.
[0026]
The first floor hut back space 161 is formed by being surrounded by a ceiling surface material 42 of a first floor ceiling 40, a base plate 62 of a first floor roof 131, a second floor beam 232, and a second floor girder 233.
Although not shown, the second floor hut back space 162 has the same configuration as the first floor hut back space 161.
[0027]
The fitting of the outer wall 20B and the first floor 30 will be described with reference to FIG.
The outer wall 20B is arranged on the foundation 11.
The pull-out 31 of the first floor 30 is the same height as the base 231 below the outer wall 20B, and the vertical trunk 26 and the inner surface of the outer wall 20B are placed on the floor surface material 33 of the first floor 30. The material 25 is in contact. As a result, a gap D is formed between the floor surface material 33 of the first floor 30 and the base 231 of the outer wall 20B, and the underfloor space 15 and the airflow passage 21 communicate with each other through the gap D.
The fitting between the outer wall 20A and the first floor 30 is the same as the fitting between the outer wall 20B and the first floor 30.
[0028]
Returning to FIG. 2, the fitting of the outer wall 20 </ b> B and the first floor ceiling 40 will be described.
Since the vertical waist edge 26 is interposed between the inner surface material 25 and the first floor column 234, a gap Q is formed between the second floor spar 233 and the inner surface material 25. On the other hand, the ceiling surface material 42 of the first floor ceiling 40 is in contact with the side surface of the inner surface material 25 of the outer wall 20B. Therefore, the upper end of the airflow passage 21 of the outer wall 20B and the first floor back space 161 communicate with each other through the gap Q.
Although not shown, the fitting between the outer wall 20A and the first floor ceiling 40 is the same.
[0029]
The fitting of the outer wall 20C and the second floor 50 will be described with reference to FIG. The vertical waist edge 26 and the inner surface material 25 of the outer wall 20C are arranged on the floor surface material 51 of the second floor 50. Further, a notch R is formed on the second floor beam 232 side of the inner surface material 25 of the floor surface material 51, and the air flow passage 21 of the outer wall 20 </ b> C and the first floor ceiling space 43 are formed through the notch R. Are in communication.
[0030]
Returning to FIG. 2, a description will be given of how the second floor beams 232 and the first floor ceiling 40 fit together.
A gap S is formed between the ceiling surface material 42 of the first floor ceiling 40 and the lower surface of the second floor beam 232, and the first floor hut back space 161 and the first floor ceiling back space 43 communicate with each other through this gap S. ing.
[0031]
Next, the movement of air in the air flow passage 21 of the outer walls 20A to 20C will be described.
When the blower 19 is operated, the communication pipe 18, the underfloor space 15, the air flow passage 21 of the outer wall 20B, the first-floor back space 161 and the first floor are shown on the left side of the building 10 in FIG. Air circulates through the ceiling space 43, the air flow passage 21 of the outer wall 20C, and the second floor cabin space 162.
On the other hand, on the right side of the building 10 in FIG. 1, air circulates through the communication pipe 18, the underfloor space 15, the air flow passage 21 of the outer wall 20 </ b> A, and the second floor hut back space 162, as shown by the solid line in FIG. 1.
[0032]
Next, the movement of air in the ventilation layer 22 of the outer walls 20A to 20C will be described.
In the outer wall 20B, the lower end of the ventilation layer 22 communicates with the outdoor space, and the upper end of the ventilation layer 22 communicates with the eave ceiling space 171 on the first floor.
In the outer wall 20C, although not shown, the lower end of the ventilation layer 22 communicates with the ventilation layer 65 of the first floor roof 131, and the upper end of the ventilation layer 22 communicates with the second floor eave ceiling space.
Therefore, as shown by the one-dot chain line in FIG. 1, the air that has entered the lower end of the ventilation layer 22 of the outer wall 20B from the outdoor space enters the first floor eave ceiling space 171. The air that has entered the first-floor eaves ceiling space 171 passes directly to the outdoor space, or enters the second-floor eaves ceiling space through the ventilation layer 65 of the first-floor roof 131 and the ventilation layer 22 of the outer wall 20C. The air that has entered the second-floor eave ceiling space passes directly to the outdoor space, or passes through the ventilation layer 65 of the second-floor roof 132 and then passes from the ridge portion to the outdoor space.
[0033]
On the other hand, on the outer wall 20A, the lower end of the ventilation layer 22 communicates with the outdoor space, and the upper end of the ventilation layer 22 communicates with the eave ceiling space on the second floor.
Therefore, as shown by the one-dot chain line in FIG. 1, the air that has entered the lower end of the ventilation layer 22 of the outer wall 20A from the outdoor space enters the eave ceiling space on the second floor. The air that has entered the second-floor eave ceiling space passes directly to the outdoor space, or passes through the ventilation layer 65 of the second-floor roof 132 and then passes from the ridge portion to the outdoor space.
[0034]
Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) Since the air flow passage 21 is provided inside the outer wall 20, the heat insulating property can be improved. Therefore, even when the temperature difference between the indoor and the outdoor is large, the indoor side wall surface of the outer wall 20, that is, the inner surface member 25 is cooled. Can be prevented, and no dew condensation occurs in the room.
At this time, by operating the blower 19, on the left side in FIG. 1 of the building 10, the communication pipe 18, the underfloor space 15, the air flow passage 21 of the outer wall 20B, the first-floor back space 161, the first-floor space 43, Air circulates through the air flow passage 21 of the outer wall 20C and the back space 162 on the second floor. On the other hand, on the right side in FIG. 1 of the building 10, air circulates through the communication pipe 18, the underfloor space 15, the air flow passage 21 of the outer wall 20 </ b> A, and the second floor hut back space 162. Thereby, the air containing a large amount of water vapor and the air containing a small amount of water vapor are mixed, and the amount of water vapor in the air in the air flow passage is made uniform. Therefore, dew condensation can be prevented from occurring in the outer walls 20A and 20B of the first floor of the building 10.
[0035]
(2) Since the air in the air flow passage 21 is circulated by being raised, the air containing a large amount of water vapor on the first floor of the building 10 is mixed with the air not containing much water vapor on the second floor of the building 10. Can be done quickly.
[0036]
(3) Since the vertical waist edge 26 is interposed between the inner surface material 25 and the first floor pillar 234, the thickness of the vertical waist edge 26 between the inner surface material 25 and the second floor girder 233 extending in a substantially horizontal direction. A minute gap Q is formed. Since the ventilation layer is vertically continuous through the gap Q, the air flow passage 21 can be easily formed, and the manufacturing cost of the building 10 can be reduced.
[0037]
(4) Since the outer wall 20 is configured in the order of the outer surface material 24, the heat insulating material 27, the air flow path 21, and the inner surface material 25, the outer wall 20 has an outer heat insulating structure, that is, the heat insulating material 27 passes through the air flow path 21. Since the cooling of the air can be prevented, the occurrence of dew condensation can be more reliably prevented.
[0038]
It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but includes modifications and improvements as long as the object of the present invention can be achieved.
[0039]
【The invention's effect】
According to the structure of the building of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
Since the air flow passage is provided inside the outer wall, the heat insulation can be improved, so that even if there is a large temperature difference between the inside and outside, the inside wall surface of the outside wall, that is, the inside material can be prevented from being cooled, and dew condensation inside the room can be prevented. Does not occur. At this time, by activating the circulation device, air circulates through the air flow passage, the cabin back space, the communication pipe, and the underfloor space. Thereby, the air containing a large amount of water vapor and the air containing a small amount of water vapor are mixed, and the amount of water vapor in the air in the air flow passage is made uniform. Therefore, it is possible to prevent dew condensation from occurring in the outer wall at the lower part of the building.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing a building to which a building structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the building according to the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the fit between the outer wall of the building and the first floor according to the embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the fit between the outer wall and the second floor of the building according to the embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Building 11 Foundation 12 Building main body 13 Roof 15 Underfloor space 18 Communication pipe 19 Blower 20, 20A, 20B, 20C as a circulating device Outer wall 21 Air flow passage 23 Core material 24 Outer surface material 25 Inner surface material 26 Vertical trunk edge 27 Thermal insulation Lumber

Claims (4)

A box-shaped building body surrounded by an outer wall, a foundation provided along the outer wall below the building body, and a roof provided on the building body,
A lower floor space formed by being surrounded by the foundation on the lower side of the building body, and a hut space formed by being surrounded by the roof on the upper side of the building body,
An air flow passage formed vertically inside the outer wall and communicating with the underfloor space and the cabin back space;
A communication pipe that is provided inside the building main body and communicates the underfloor space and the cabin back space;
A building structure comprising: a circulating device that circulates air through the airflow passage, the cabin space, the communication pipe, and the underfloor space. The structure of the building according to claim 1,
The structure of the building, wherein the circulation device circulates the air in the air passage by raising the air. In the structure of the building according to claim 1 or 2,
The outer wall includes a core material extending substantially vertically and substantially horizontally, an outer surface material provided on the outdoor side of these core materials, and an inner surface material provided on the indoor side of the core material,
A structure of a building, characterized in that a vertical trunk edge extending in a substantially vertical direction is interposed between at least one of the outer side member and the inner side member and the core member. The structure of a building according to claim 3,
The outer wall includes a heat insulating material provided inside the outer side material,
The structure of a building, wherein the vertical waist edge is interposed between the inner surface material and the core material.

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