JPH0860155A - Culture soil for growing germinated plant - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To obtain the culture soil capable of simply growing plants by supplying water content and useful for planting the plants by subjecting industrial waste soil to soil-culturing treatment and including a fertilizer thereinto, granulating the soil containing fertilizer and drying the soil. CONSTITUTION: This culture soil is obtained by subjecting soil such as bottom sludge of lakes, and marshes and harbors or waste soil of purification plant to soil culturing treatment, including fertilizer having an amount necessary to carry out initial growth of plants and granulating the soil containing the fertilizer and drying the soil. Thereby, disposal of industrial waste soil is not required and the soil is useful for improvement of environment. The culture soil may be installed in the objective place after germinating seeds and germination period can be controlled by increasing or decreasing water content in culture soil.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a dredged bottom mud of a lake port,
A soil for plant growth, which is obtained by treating soil that is not suitable for plant growth, such as wastewater from a water purification plant or construction residual soil (hereinafter referred to as industrial waste soil), and is used for plant seeds and initial growth. Contains the required fertilizer, use it in the intended place,
By hydrating according to the date of germination and growth, the present invention relates to a cultivating soil that allows a plant to be easily grown at a place of use.According to the cultivating soil of the present invention, not only normal planting but also lawn restoration cultivating soil can be used. It can be widely used as such.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Problems on lawns such as golf courses and sports grounds are that the grass is partially cut off during play for a while, and recesses (divots) are formed in various places. Usually, in order to repair the divot, sand is put in to flatten the recess and the grass is naturally regenerated, or when an emergency is required, a separately grown grass sod is transplanted into the recess for repair. Therefore, at present, it takes a long time to repair the lawn, and moreover, it takes manpower. On the other hand, a large amount of construction waste soil, dredged mud in lake harbors, etc., or industrial waste soil such as wastewater from wastewater treatment plants is being generated every year, and there is a problem in its disposal. These industrial waste soils often contain components harmful to the growth of plants and have various soil qualities, so horticultural soils, upland fields, agricultural soils such as paddy fields, parks and golf courses,
It cannot be used as a soil for facilities such as lawns of various grounds, and most of it is currently landfilled as industrial waste.

[0003]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and improves the physicochemical properties of industrial waste soil, which is produced in large quantities year by year, so that it can be used as a soil for growing plants. The present invention aims to provide a vegetative soil for plant growth that solves the problems of conventional lawn restoration, such as the ability to easily restore the lawn by using it as a divot of lawn, etc. And

[0004]

According to the present invention, a germination growth medium having the following constitution is provided. (1) A germinated growth medium which is obtained by subjecting industrial waste soil to soil cultivation treatment, granulating it by adding an amount of fertilizer necessary for initial growth of plants, and drying. (2) The germination growth medium of (1) above, which is obtained by incorporating plant seeds together with an amount of fertilizer necessary for initial growth of the plant, granulating and drying. (3) The germination and growth medium of the above (1), which is obtained by cultivating industrial waste soil such as dredged mud in lakes and harbors, construction residual soil, or wastewater from water purification plants. (4) The hydrogen ion concentration is lowered by adding to the strongly alkaline industrial waste soil an amount of 2-6% or so of the phosphate absorption coefficient of the waste soil, that is, superphosphate or hypersuperphosphate,
The germination growth medium of the above (1) using a phosphate-enriched soil. (5) The germination and growth medium of (1) above, which uses soil in which gypsum was added to industrial waste soil to replace chloride ions in the waste soil and to be leached. (6) The germination growth soil of (1) above, which uses soil in which calcareous or siliceous materials have been added to industrial waste soil to prevent acidification due to iron sulfide in the waste soil. (7) The germination and growth medium of the above (1), which uses inactivated soil by adding lime or silicate lime to industrial waste soil and converting metal ions in the waste soil into sparingly soluble compounds. (8) The germination and growth medium of (1) above, which uses soil in which carbon materials have been added to the industrial waste soil that has been treated for soil cultivation to improve water retention. (9) Above (1) to (8) for lawn restoration containing turf seeds
The germination growth soil as described in any of 1.

[0005]

[Detailed Description] The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to Examples. In the following description,% means% by weight unless otherwise specified.

In order to use the industrial waste soil as soil for growing plants, it is necessary to remove soil harmful substances from the waste soil to improve soil quality. This cultivating treatment differs depending on the type of harmful components contained in the industrial waste soil, and the following cultivating treatment is performed according to the type of industrial waste soil. I. It converts harmful components in waste soil into sparingly soluble compounds to render them harmless. B. Detoxify harmful components in waste soil by metathesis to make them harmless. C. Correct the physicochemical properties of waste soil, especially pH, to a range suitable for plant growth. Furthermore, the germination growth soil of the present invention is a soil that has been treated with soil by adding a plant seed and a fertilizer in an amount necessary for initial growth, granulated, and dried. It has the characteristic that the plant germinates and grows only by supplementing it.

The concrete soil sewage treatment of industrial waste soil is shown below. (I) Construction residual soil may contain lime and the like and has a strong alkalinity. For such strongly alkaline industrial waste soil, as a method for correcting the hydrogen ion concentration (pH), a radical drug such as sulfuric acid is used. Without using lime, lime phosphates such as lime superphosphate and lime superphosphate are added to lower the pH of the soil and enrich the phosphate as an essential nutrient source.
The amount of lime phosphate added is 2 of the phosphate absorption coefficient of waste soil.
An amount equivalent to ~ 6% is suitable, and the pH of waste soil is lowered to 7-9 by the addition of this lime phosphate. If the pH of the cultivated soil is within this range, the growth of plants will not be hindered. Generally, the phosphate absorption coefficient of normal soil is 1000 to 1500, but the phosphate absorption coefficient of strong alkaline treatment with lime such as construction residual soil is around 2000, and the unit weight of construction residual soil
The pH of the residual soil is adjusted to 7 by adding 0.2 to 1.2 kg of superphosphate or hypersuperphosphate per 100 kg.
Corrected to ~ 9.

Table 1 shows soil pH values when a predetermined amount of lime superphosphate was added to the strongly alkaline construction residual soil (soil pH: 11, phosphate absorption coefficient 2000). Sample No. 5 is a sample in which ammonium sulfate is added together with lime superphosphate, and Sample No. 6 is a comparative example in which sulfuric acid is used instead of lime superphosphate. The pH value was measured by adding 2.5 g of water to 1 g of the sample soil. As shown, the addition of lime superphosphate lowers the soil pH in proportion to the addition amount, and the one using ammonium sulfate in combination has a high pH lowering effect.

[0009]

[Table 1]

(II) When the industrial waste is dredged mud such as in a harbor, it often contains a large amount of chlorine ions derived from salt of seawater, and this chlorine ion is harmful to plants. Gypsum (CaSO ₄・ 2H ₂ O) is added to replace chloride ions in the bottom mud for leaching. The amount of gypsum added is preferably such that the salt content of the bottom mud is 0.15% or less. The effect of chloride ions is remarkable in soils with a salt content exceeding 0.15%. Generally, the salt content is 0.15% by adding 0.5 to 1.5 equivalents of gypsum to the salt in the dredged bottom mud.
It can be reduced to:

With respect to the harbor dredged bottom mud containing 3.8% of salt in dry soil, 0.5 to 1.5 equivalents of gypsum are added to the contained salt, and after stirring, suction filtration is performed with a Buchner funnel. Table 2 shows the residual salt amount of the soil from which the contained salt was leached. The amount of residual salt in soil in which an equal amount or more of gypsum was added to the contained salt decreased to 0.15% or less.

[0012]

[Table 2]

(III) In addition, since most of the bottom mud deposited in rivers, harbors, lakes and marshes is under anaerobic environment, iron in the soil exists in the form of iron sulfide, which is dredged. When left in the atmosphere for a long time, iron sulfide is oxidized and the soil is acidified. Therefore, as a measure against this acidification, a calcareous material or a siliceous material is added to the dredged bottom mud to neutralize the sulfuric acid derived from iron sulfide and suppress the acidification. Slaked lime, silicate lime (tobermorite), etc. are used as the calcareous material, and the addition amount is 1 to 3 with respect to the dry weight of the dredged bottom mud.
% Is appropriate. Regarding the addition of siliceous materials, by using tobermorite powder as a pre-coating aid when dewatering bottom mud by precoating, it is possible to add the siliceous material together with dehydration, and at the same time, tobermorite p
The H straightening effect can be utilized.

Table 3 shows the pH values after adding a predetermined amount of tobermorite (silicic material) and slaked lime to a dredged bottom mud having a water content of 35% and stirring and mixing. The addition amounts are 1% and 3% tobermorite and 1% slaked lime per dry soil of bottom mud. p
The H value was measured by adding 2.5 g of water per 1 g of dry soil.
The addition of siliceous materials and calcareous materials suppresses acidification of bottom mud for a long time.

[0015]

[Table 3]

(IV) Wastewater from the purification plant usually has a high content of metal ions such as manganese and aluminum, which are activated under acidic conditions and inhibit the growth of plants. Add lime silicate to increase soil pH to 7
As described above, neutralization is performed to change the metal ions in the waste soil into a sparingly soluble compound to inactivate it, and a phosphate material having a phosphate absorption coefficient of about 5% is added.

To the soil that has undergone the soil treatment of (I) to (IV) above,
It is recommended to add carbon materials such as charcoal scraps to improve water retention. As the carbon material, not only charcoal scraps but also waste activated carbon is used. The addition amount is 0. per dry unit weight of soil.
3% or less is suitable.

[0018] Plant seeds are mixed with the soil obtained through the above-mentioned soil treatment, and fertilizer is added in an amount necessary for the initial growth of the plant. Fertilizer components include essential nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus,
Ammonium sulphate, lime superphosphate and potassium chloride, which are sources of potassium, are added, and the content of ammonium sulphate is 1.0 to 3.0 kg and lime superphosphate is 1.0 to 3.0 kg per ton of soil.
0.5 to 1.5 kg of potassium chloride is suitable. Since the soil of the present invention contains the required amount of fertilizer, it is used at the intended place,
A plant can be germinated and grown only by supplying water.

The plant seeds are preferably mixed in an amount of 20 to 30 g per 1 kg (dry weight) of fertilized soil. The soil containing the plant seeds and the fertilizer is watered if necessary, granulated and dried. The granulated product can be dried (ventilated drying) and the germination time can be controlled by the water content. As an example, Table 5 shows the relationship between water content and germination time at room temperature for turfgrass seeds.
Shown in Generally, germination of seeds in the soil can be stopped by keeping the water content of the soil at 15% or less. At the time of use, the amount of water necessary for growth is appropriately replenished. It is possible to germinate at the target date and time by adjusting the amount of supplemental water and the temperature. The seeds of the plant may be pre-germinated in a germination warmer and then mixed with fertilizer-containing soil, or the seeds and fertilizer may be mixed with the soil and warmed for germination. It may be used in the intended place after being put into a container and germinated. In this case, the period required for germination can be shortened after use at the intended place.

[0020]

[Table 4]

The culture medium of the present invention is a granulated product containing plant seeds and fertilizers, and is easy to handle because it is granular.
It can be used uniformly in a predetermined place. A suitable grain size of the granulation medium is 0.5 to 6.0 mm. The culture medium of the present invention may be used as a mixture with ordinary soil.

[0022]

EXAMPLES Examples of the present invention are shown below. It should be noted that the present embodiment is merely an example and does not limit the scope of the present invention.

Example 1 Lake mud dredged bottom mud was sucked and filtered and dehydrated with a precoat filter to obtain a dehydrated cake having a water content of about 40 to 45%. This cake is dried by air-drying to adjust the water content to about 30%, 2% tobermorite powder is added, and further nitrogen (N), phosphoric acid (P ₂ O ₅ ), and potassium (K ₂ O) are added. 0.05
A fertilizer containing an equivalent amount of% was added. Target plant seeds were added to this soil and granulated using water as a binder. The granulated soil was dried to a water content of 15% or less to obtain fertilizer seed-containing present invention soil. When this soil was put in an arbitrary container, water was irrigated so that the water content of the soil was 30% or more, and it was placed at room temperature, it sprouted in 7 to 12 days in the period of 4 to 10 months and started to grow. .

Example 2 To a strongly alkaline (pH: 10 to 12) construction residual soil, 5% of a phosphate absorption coefficient of ordinary superphosphate was added and mixed,
Ammonium sulfate or potassium chloride, which is a physiologically acidic fertilizer, was added to each component in an amount of 0.05% to adjust the soil pH to 9.0 or less. Next, 20 to 30 g of germinated turfgrass seeds per 1 kg of this was added to and mixed with the soil containing charcoal dust in an amount of 0.3% of dry soil to obtain a soil for lawn restoration. When this soil was buried in a divot on a golf course and left under normal management conditions, it germinated in 7 to 12 days in a period of 4 to 10 months and about 2
It grew to the same height as the surrounding grass in 0 days. In addition,
From this, it was confirmed that, even if the pH of the turf was around 9, the turfgrass seeds were well grown in the turfgrass seeds if the fertilizer containing a proper amount of the essential nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium was added.

Example 3 To a port bottom mud having a salt content of 3.8% (dry soil), gypsum in an amount equal to that of salt and 3% of tobermorite powder per dry soil of the bottom mud were added, suctioned, dehydrated and dried. And salt content 0.15%
Got soil. The amount of fertilizer sufficient for the initial growth of turfgrass on this soil is 0.05% of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium.
Add a considerable amount of turfgrass seeds that have been sprouted in advance and cultivate 1 kg of soil
Each 30 g was mixed to obtain a turf grass restoration soil. This soil was embedded in a lawn divot and left under normal control conditions. As a result, 80% or more of the recesses were covered with turfgrass grown from the soil 2 weeks after the soil was used. In addition,
When seeds of paddy rice were used instead of seeds of turfgrass, 0.
It was confirmed that when the salt content was 1% or less, there was no hindrance to the growth of rice, and when the salt content exceeded 0.3%, the growth was hindered.

Example 4 Soluble Aluminum 50 ppm and Exchangeable Manganese 90
To the wastewater from the water purification plant containing 0 ppm, add the necessary amount of slaked lime to reach pH 7.0, and mix it with 0.05% turfgrass seeds and nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium fertilizer components.
A considerable amount was added, granulated, and air dried to obtain a product. When this was used in place of the divot burial sand, it became a good lawn 3 weeks after the use, and no growth damage of turfgrass due to aluminum and manganese derived from wastewater from the water treatment plant was observed.

[0027]

According to the present invention, lakes, sediments in harbors,
Industrial waste soil such as construction surplus soil can be used as soil for growing plants. Therefore, it is possible to solve the problem of waste disposal of industrial waste soil, which is increasing year by year, and to improve the environment.
Further, the soil of the present invention contains fertilizer in an amount sufficient for the initial growth of the plant together with the plant seed, so that the plant can be easily germinated and grown only by replenishing it with water at a desired place. The divot on the lawn can be easily and quickly restored. The seeds may be germinated in advance and then used in a desired place, and since the germination time can be adjusted by adjusting the water content, the seeds can be germinated and grown at a time according to the use place. Have the advantage of.

[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] September 20, 1994

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] Claim 4

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Procedure Amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0004

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[0004]

According to the present invention, there is provided a germination growth medium having the following constitution. (1) A germinated growth medium which is obtained by subjecting industrial waste soil to soil cultivation treatment, granulating it by adding an amount of fertilizer necessary for initial growth of plants, and drying. (2) The germination growth medium of the above (1), which is obtained by containing plant seeds together with an amount of fertilizer necessary for initial growth of the plant, granulating and drying. (3) The germination and growth medium of (1) above, which is obtained by applying industrial soil to the dredged bottom mud of lakes and harbors, construction residual soil, or wastewater from water purification plants. (4) The hydrogen ion concentration is reduced by adding to the strongly alkaline industrial waste soil an amount of 2 to 12 % of the phosphate absorption coefficient of the waste soil, that is, the superphosphate or the superphosphate. The germination growth medium of the above (1) using acid-enriched soil. (5) The germination growth soil of (1) above, which uses soil in which gypsum is added to industrial waste soil to replace chloride ions in the waste soil and to be leached. (6) The germination and growth medium of the above (1) using a soil in which a calcareous material or a siliceous material is added to industrial waste soil to prevent acidification due to iron sulfide in the waste soil. (7) The germination and growth medium of (1) above, which is prepared by adding lime or lime silicate to industrial waste soil and converting metal ions in the waste soil into sparingly soluble compounds to inactivate the soil. (8) The germination growth culture medium of (1) above, which uses soil in which carbon materials are added to the industrial waste soil that has been treated for soil cultivation to improve water retention. (9) Above (1) for lawn restoration containing turf seeds
The germination growth culture medium according to any one of (8).

[Procedure 3]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0007

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

The concrete soil cultivation process of industrial waste soil is shown below. (I) The construction residual soil may contain lime and the like and has strong alkalinity. For such strongly alkaline industrial waste soil, as a method of correcting the hydrogen ion concentration (pH), a radical drug such as sulfuric acid is used. Without using lime, add lime phosphate such as lime superphosphate and lime superphosphate to adjust soil pH.
And enriches phosphate, which is an essential nutrient source. The addition amount of these lime phosphates is appropriately 2 to 12 % of the phosphate absorption coefficient of the waste soil, and the pH of the waste soil is reduced to 7 to 9 by the addition of the lime phosphate. PH of soil
Within this range, there is no hindrance to plant growth. In general,
The phosphoric acid absorption coefficient of normal soil is 1000 to 1500, but the phosphoric acid absorption coefficient of soil that has been treated with strong alkali such as residual soil is around 2000,
0.2-1. Per unit weight (100 kg) of construction soil.
The pH of the residual soil is corrected to 7-9 by adding 2 kg (2-12%) of lime superphosphate or lime superphosphate.

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A germinated growth soil which is obtained by subjecting industrial waste soil to soil cultivation treatment, granulation containing a fertilizer in an amount necessary for initial growth of plants, and drying. 2. The germination and growth medium according to claim 1, which is obtained by incorporating plant seeds together with an amount of fertilizer required for initial plant growth, granulating and drying. 3. A method for cultivating industrial waste soil such as dredged mud in lakes and harbors, construction residual soil, or wastewater from water purification plants.
Germination growth soil. 4. The hydrogen ion concentration is reduced by adding to the strongly alkaline industrial waste soil an amount of 2-6% or so of the phosphate absorption coefficient of the waste soil, that is, superphosphate or lime biphosphate. The germination growth medium of claim 1, wherein the soil enriched with phosphoric acid is used. 5. The germination and growth soil according to claim 1, which uses soil in which gypsum is added to the industrial waste soil to replace chloride ions in the waste soil and to be leached. 6. The germination growth soil according to claim 1, wherein a soil in which calcareous material or siliceous material is added to industrial waste soil to prevent acidification due to iron sulfide in the waste soil is used. 7. The germination growth soil according to claim 1, wherein lime or lime silicate is added to the industrial waste soil, and the soil is inactivated by changing the metal ions in the waste soil into a sparingly soluble compound. 8. The germination and growth medium according to claim 1, wherein a soil having an increased water retention capacity is added to the industrial waste soil which has been treated for soil cultivation. 9. A lawn restoration containing turf seeds as claimed in claim 1.
The germination growth culture medium according to any one of to 8.