JPH0849301A - Building with basement - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To facilitate the erection works at the construction site, by forming a basemant with a building unit placed on a mat foundation and mounting the first and the second floor building units on the building unit for the basement and joining them. CONSTITUTION:Sheath pipes are buried in a mat foundation and a connection plate 4 is placed on the upper face of the mat foundation 2. Respective building units 6 in a basement are lifted on the mat foundation and installed thereon by a crane and the soil generated on excavating the vertical hole is filled back and the ground is retained by an earth-retaining external wall 11 fitted to the building units 6 for basement. Then the first and second floor building units 15, 16 are installed on the building unit 6 for basement by a crane to form a building 17 on the ground consisted of the first and second building units 15, 16. In this way, the construction period and cost can be reduced.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a building having a basement, and can be used, for example, in a detached house, an apartment house or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a basement of a building is generally made of cast-in-place concrete or a combination of panels made of precast concrete as disclosed in JP-A-57-235.

[0003]

The above-ground buildings include those by the frame construction method, those by the panel construction method, those by the unit construction method, etc., and they are built based on each construction method. Here, when building a building with a basement, if the construction method for making the basement and the construction method for the above-ground building are different, it will be necessary to perform different work methods for the basement and above-ground building at the construction site. Becomes complicated and difficult.

An object of the present invention is to provide a building with a basement in which the construction method is the same for the basement and the above-ground building, so that the construction site work can be facilitated.

[0005]

The building with a basement according to the present invention is characterized in that the basement and the aboveground building above the basement are constructed by building units.

The basement may consist of one building unit or two or more building units. Further, the above-ground building may have only one floor or two or more floors.

When the above-ground building is configured to include the first floor building unit and the second floor building unit, the basement building unit and the first floor building unit, and the first floor building unit and the second floor building unit. Building units are joined with the same joining structure.

This joining structure may be one in which the upper and lower building units are joined by bolts, or one that is joined by a joining metal or the like.

When there are a plurality of basement building units and a plurality of aboveground building units horizontally adjacent to each other, a plurality of basement building units are joined together and a plurality of aboveground building units are joined together. The structures are the same.

This joining structure includes a joining member bridged between horizontally adjacent building units, and a pin whose spacing is defined by the joining member and which is inserted into a horizontally adjacent building unit. The building units may be joined together, or these building units may be joined together with a joining metal or the like. The number of the pins may be one or plural for one building unit.

An earth retaining outer wall material may be attached to the building unit for the basement, and the periphery of the basement may be retained by this outer wall material. Further, the basement building unit may be arranged in a space surrounded by a retaining wall and earth retaining may be performed by the retaining wall. The retaining wall may be made of cast-in-place concrete, precast concrete, or a combination thereof.

The basement building unit may be mounted on a foundation made of precast concrete or on a solid foundation made of cast-in-place concrete.

[0013]

In the present invention, the basement and the above-ground building are made by the unit construction method using the building units, and the construction method is the same, so that the building units pre-manufactured in the factory are sequentially suspended by the crane at the construction site. As a result, the basement and the above-ground building can be formed, and since it is not necessary to perform work of different construction methods at the construction site, the work can be facilitated, the construction period can be shortened, and the cost can be reduced.

Further, the basement building unit and the first-floor building unit, and the first-floor building unit and the second-floor building unit are joined by the same joining structure, and a plurality of basement building units are connected to each other and a plurality of above-ground buildings. If the building units are joined with the same joining structure, the joining work will be the same, so you can build a building with a basement by repeating the same work, and you can achieve the simplification of the work .

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1A, a vertical hole 1 is excavated in the site of the construction site, and after laying rubble stones and pouring waste concrete at the bottom of the vertical hole 1, as shown in FIG. Form solid foundation 2 by casting. This solid foundation 2
At this position, the sheath tube 3 is buried at the installation position of the basement building unit. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, a plate-shaped joining member 4 is placed on the upper surface of the solid foundation 2 at a position corresponding to the joining portion between the basement building units. This joining member 4
A pin 5 protruding upward is fixed to each of the two, and in this embodiment, there are two pins, one large and two small, for each basement building unit. Since the joining member 4 shown in FIG. 3 is for joining two basement building units, the joining member 4 is provided with two sets of two large and small pins 5.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 1C, a work for suspending the basement building unit 6 produced in the factory in advance on the solid foundation 2 by the crane 7 is performed. The basement building unit 6 includes a framework having four pillars 8 at four corners, and four upper beams 9 and lower beams 10 provided between upper ends and lower ends of the columns 8 ( The structure of this frame is the same for the building units for the first and second floors described below). The earth retaining outer wall material 11 is attached to the outer surface of the basement building unit 6 in advance at the factory, and the outer wall material 11 is made of lightweight cellular concrete (ALC), for example.

When each basement building unit 6 is hoisted by the crane 7, as shown in FIG. 3, an anchor member 13 is screwed downwardly and fixed to a fitting 12 that joins the pillar 8 and the lower beam 10. Each basement building unit 6 is lowered onto the solid foundation 2 while inserting the anchor member 13 into the sheath tube 3 filled with grout material. During this unloading operation, the pin 5 of the joining member 4 is inserted into the hole 14 formed in the bottom surface of the joint fitting 12.

When the grout material in the sheath pipe 3 is hardened by the above-mentioned work, each basement building unit 6 is fixed to the solid foundation 2, and the joining member 4 is attached to each basement building unit 6. Since the pins 5 provided in the above are immovable because the distance between them is defined by the joining member 4, they have holes 14 into which these pins 5 are inserted and are adjacent in the horizontal direction. The basement building units 6 are horizontally joined by the joining members 4 and the pins 5.

Thereafter, as shown by A in FIG. 2, the vertical hole 1
The soil generated at the time of excavation is backfilled, and the soil is retained by the earth retaining wall material 11 attached to the basement building unit 6. That is,
The soil around the basement formed by the building unit 6 will be retained by this outer wall material 11. Therefore, in this embodiment, it is necessary to form a retaining wall made of cast-in-place concrete or the like on the inner surface of the vertical hole 1. There is no.

The basement building unit 6 of this embodiment has an upper part projecting above the ground. Therefore, the basement is a semi-basement, but the entire building unit 6 may be placed in the ground.

After that, as shown in FIG. 2B, the building unit 15 for the first floor is hung on the building unit 6 for the basement, and the building unit 16 for the second floor is further hung on the building unit 15 for the first floor. 15 and 16 above ground building 1
Form 7. Before suspending the first-floor building unit 15, the plate-shaped joining member 18 shown in FIG. 4 is provided on the upper part of the horizontally adjacent basement building unit 6.
In addition, before carrying out the work of suspending the second-floor building unit 16, similar joint members 18 are arranged so as to bridge the upper part of the horizontally adjacent first-floor building unit 15 (FIG. 4, Shown are the building units for the basement and the first floor, each of which has four adjacent units on the front, back, left, and right). A hole 19 is formed in the joining member 18, and the basement building unit 6 (or the first floor building unit 15) is formed in the hole 19.
The pin 21 standing on the upper surface of the fitting 20 for connecting the pillar 8 and the upper beam 9 is inserted, and the tip of the pin 21 is the pillar of the building unit 15 for the first floor (or the building unit 16 for the second floor). 8 and the lower beam 10 are inserted into a hole (not shown) formed in the bottom surface of the joint fitting 12.

There are as many holes 19 as there are horizontally adjacent building units on which the joining members 18 are bridged,
In this embodiment, since there are two large and small pins 21 for one building unit, a hole 19 for one building unit is provided.
Is two.

Pin 2 of each building unit 6 (or 15)
1 is inserted into each hole 19 of the joining member 18, and the tip thereof is the fitting 12 of each building unit 15 (or 16).
When it is inserted into the hole formed in, the space between the pins 19 is defined by the joining member 18, so that the building units 15 (or 16) that are horizontally adjacent to each other on the joining member 18 and the pin 19 are horizontal. This means that the building units are horizontally joined at 19, and these building units are horizontally positioned and connected.

As shown in FIG. 4, after the first-floor building unit 15 is placed on the basement building unit 6 via the joining member 18, the fitting 12 of the first-floor building unit 15 is placed. A bolt 25 is inserted through the hole 22, the hole 23 of the joining member 18, and the hole 24 of the fitting 20 of the basement building unit 6, and a nut 26 is screwed into the tip of the bolt 25 and tightened. This work is performed for each of the building units 6 and 15 which are arranged vertically, so that the upper and lower building units are joined by the bolts 25 and the nuts 26.

The joining work using the bolts 25 and the nuts 26 is performed by the building unit 15 for the first floor and the building unit 1 for the second floor.
Repeat for 6. That is, basement building units 6 and 1
Building unit 15 for the first floor and building unit 15 for the first floor
And the second floor building unit 16 are joined by the same joining structure.

After the above work, a roof is formed on the upper part of the second-floor building unit 6 by combining roof panels, for example. Since wall materials, floor materials, ceiling materials, etc. are pre-installed in the building units 6, 15 and 16 at the factory, finishing work etc. on the horizontal and vertical connection parts of these building units at the construction site. As a result, the building unit 6 completes a basement building, and the building units 15 and 16 form a building with a basement, which is a ground building.

According to the above embodiments, the basement is constructed by the unit construction method using the building unit 6, and the aboveground building is constructed by the unit construction method using the building units 15 and 16, respectively. Since these construction methods are the same, It is now possible to perform construction work up to the top floor above the ground by suspending a building unit pre-produced at the factory using a crane, and unlike the case where the basement and the ground building are constructed by different construction methods, the basement and the ground building are different Since it is not necessary to perform construction work, construction site work can be facilitated, and the construction period and cost can be reduced.

The basement building units 6 adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction, the first-floor building units 15 and the second-floor building units 16 are joined to each other by the joining members 4, 18 and the pins 5, 2.
Since they are horizontally joined with the same joining structure according to 1, the work of joining these is the same work from the basement to the top floor on the ground, and the same work can be repeated with a crane, etc., so the work can be simplified. Construction site work can be facilitated.

The basement building unit 6 and the first-floor building unit 15 and the first-floor building unit 15 and the second-floor building unit 16 which are vertically arranged are joined together by bolts 25 and nuts 26 in the same structure. Therefore, these building units can be joined by repeating the same work, and the work can be facilitated.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the foundation of the basement building unit 6. The rising portion 28 of the foundation 27 is formed of precast concrete, and after arranging a plurality of rising portions 28 produced in the factory at predetermined positions, the foundation bottom plate 29 is formed of cast-in-place concrete. The sheath pipe 3 filled with the grout material 30 is embedded in the rising portion 28, and after the foundation 27 is completed, the anchor member 13 of the basement building unit 6 is inserted into the sheath pipe 3.

The foundation 31 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 is formed of a precast concrete rising portion 32 and a foundation bottom plate 33 made of cast-in-place concrete as in the embodiment shown in FIG. A bar arrangement material 34 embedded in the upright portion 32 projects from the. As shown in FIG. 6, the reinforcing bar 34 is placed on the discarded concrete placed in the vertical hole 1 to place the respective rising parts 32 at predetermined positions, and then the concrete of the foundation bottom plate 33 shown in FIG. 7 is poured. According to this, the standing member 32 and the foundation bottom plate 33 are firmly and surely integrated by the reinforcing bar 34.

A part of the foundation of the basement building unit 6 may be made of precast concrete as in the above embodiments, or the entire foundation may be made of precast concrete. Thus, by forming at least a part of the foundation with precast concrete, the foundation construction work at the construction site can be performed in a short time, and the work can be simplified.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, a retaining wall 36 for retaining soil is formed at the end of the solid foundation 35. The retaining wall 36 is made of cast-in-place concrete or precast concrete panels. The basement building unit 6 is suspended by a crane in the space surrounded by the retaining wall 36, and the first-floor building unit 15 is suspended thereon as shown in FIG.

According to this embodiment, when the basement building unit 6 is transported from the factory to the construction site by truck, it is not necessary to attach a heavy earth retaining wall material to the building unit 6, so that the truck transport work and During the crane hoisting work, the crane hoisting work at the construction site can be performed easily, and the situation that the center of gravity of the building unit 6 is largely deviated from the center of the building unit 6 due to the earth retaining outer wall material can be prevented. Building unit 6 in etc.
Can be easily handled.

Each of the embodiments described above has a basement floor and two above ground.
Although it was the case of the building on the first floor, the present invention is the second floor and above,
It can also be used for buildings over 3 floors above ground.

Further, in each of the above-mentioned embodiments, the basement building unit and the foundation are connected by filling a sheath tube provided in the base with grout material and inserting an anchor member of the basement building unit into the sheath tube. Although this has been done, this connecting structure is not limited to this. For example, an anchor bolt may be erected on the foundation and the building unit for basement may be connected to the foundation by this anchor bolt.

Further, in each of the above-mentioned embodiments, the basement building units are arranged at the bottom of all the first-floor building units, but the basement building units are arranged only at the bottom of some of the first-floor building units. The number of basement building units may be one.

[0039]

According to the present invention, the basement and the ground building above the basement are both constructed by building units, and the basement and the ground building are made by a unit construction method. In comparison, the construction site work can be facilitated, and the construction period and cost can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a process diagram showing construction site work of a building with a basement according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a step following that of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing a structure in which a building unit for a basement and a foundation are coupled and a structure for building units for a basement is joined.

FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view showing a joint structure of building units arranged in a horizontal direction and a vertical direction.

FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a foundation portion of a building with a basement according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a foundation construction work of a building with a basement according to the third embodiment, and is a perspective view showing a foundation floor plate before being formed by cast-in-place concrete.

FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the state after the foundation bottom plate of FIG. 6 is formed.

FIG. 8 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a building with a basement according to a fourth embodiment, which is earth-retained with a retaining wall, before installation of a building unit for basement.

9 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the basement building unit and the first-floor building unit of FIG. 8 after installation.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Vertical hole for basement 2,35 Solid foundation 3 Sheath pipe 4,18 Joining member 5,21 Pin 6 Building unit for basement 7 Crane 11 Outer wall material for earth retaining 13 Anchor member 15 Building unit for 1st floor 16 Building unit for 2nd floor 17 Ground Building 27,31 Foundation 28,32 Upright 29,33 Foundation bottom 36 Retaining wall

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A building with a basement, comprising a basement and an above-ground building above the basement, the basement and the above-ground building being constituted by a building unit. 2. The building with a basement according to claim 1, wherein the above-ground building includes a first floor building unit and a second floor building unit, and the basement building unit and the first floor building unit, A building with a basement, wherein the building unit for the first floor and the building unit for the second floor are joined by the same joining structure. 3. The building with a basement according to claim 2, wherein the joint structure joins the upper and lower building units with bolts. 4. The building with a basement according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the basement building unit and the above-ground building unit are both horizontally adjacent to each other. Building units for basements,
And a building with a basement, wherein a plurality of the above-mentioned building units for ground building have the same joint structure. 5. The building with a basement according to claim 4, wherein the joint structure has a joint member bridged between horizontally adjacent building units, and a gap is defined by the joint member. A building with a basement, which is configured to include a pin inserted in a building unit adjacent to. 6. The building with a basement according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a soil retaining outer wall material is attached to the basement building unit, and the periphery of the basement is retained by the outer wall material. Characteristic building with basement. 7. The building with a basement according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the basement building unit is arranged in a space surrounded by a retaining wall. 8. The building with a basement according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the basement building unit is placed on a foundation formed at least partially of precast concrete. Building with basement.