JPH08280297A - Culture of aquatic organism - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a method for culturing an aquatic organism, capable of enhancing the hatchability of the spawns of the fish, shellfish or crustacean, the growth rate of the larvae and the culture productivity of the aquatic organism. CONSTITUTION: A method for culturing an aquatic organism by press-sending culture water into a purification treatment device with a circulation pump and subsequently returning the treated culture water into a culture water tank, etc. Therein, the improvement comprises attaching an air or oxygen-mixing device to the suction side or extrusion side of the circulation pump to mix the culture water with the air or oxygen, stirring the mixed fluid in a pressure tank containing granules packed therein to finely divide the bubbles of the air or oxygen, and subsequently circulating the culture water containing the fine bubbles from the pressure tank into the culture water tank, etc.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention is used for hatching eggs such as fish and shellfish and for culturing larvae. By improving the treatment method of culture water, the growth rate of larvae can be improved. The present invention relates to a method for cultivating aquatic products that enables improvement and promotion of growth.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, when artificially hatching eggs of shellfish or crustaceans or cultivating their larvae (fry), the water in an aquarium is circulated to continuously purify them. At the same time, it is an essential requirement to supply air or the like into the water to increase the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water. By the way, in the conventional aquaculture of these species of shellfish and crustaceans (hereinafter referred to as production organisms), the aquaculture water is continuously drawn from the aquaculture tank and heated to a certain temperature or higher with an electric heater or the like. A so-called aeration-type circulation in which aquaculture water is jetted into the air or air is injected from the nozzle into the aquaculture water to increase the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water, and then the aquaculture water at an appropriate water temperature is returned to the aquaculture tank. Many treatment methods are adopted.

However, in the case of the conventional aeration type circulation treatment method, the diameter of the bubbles contained in the aquaculture water is relatively large, and a large amount of air cannot be uniformly and rapidly mixed into the aquaculture water. There is a difficulty to say. As a result, the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the aquaculture water is not sufficiently high, the aquaculture density in the aquaculture tank cannot be increased, and the mortality of aquatic products occurs relatively often, resulting in a culture growth rate of 20 to 30%. There is a problem that it cannot be increased more than the above.

In addition, in the conventional aeration type circulation treatment method, modification of culture water itself (for example, improvement of activity) is not considered at all, and as a result, fry and the like due to activation of culture water itself. There is a problem that it cannot promote the growth of rice.

[0005]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has the above-mentioned problems in the conventional aquaculture method for aquatic products, that is, it is difficult to sufficiently increase the dissolved oxygen concentration in the aquaculture water after the circulation treatment. Inability to increase the aquaculture density in the aquaculture tank, or to sufficiently increase the aquaculture growth rate, and because the aquaculture water itself is not modified, the growth of aquatic products cannot be promoted. The problem is that the dissolved oxygen concentration in the treated aquaculture water can be sufficiently increased, and the aquaculture water itself is activated to significantly improve the aquaculture density and aquaculture growth rate. It is intended to provide a method for culturing aquatic products that enables the above.

[0006]

[Means for Solving the Problem] A water product in which aquaculture water is pumped from a culture pond or aquaculture tank to a purification treatment device by a circulation pump, and the purified culture water is circulated to the culture pond or the culture water tank. In the aquaculture method, the air or oxygen mixer is attached to the suction side or the discharge side of the circulation pump, the air or oxygen is mixed into the aquaculture water by the mixer, and the aquaculture water mixed with the air or oxygen is added. It is preferable to refine air or oxygen bubbles by pressure mixing in a pressure tank filled with granules, and to recirculate the culture water containing the fine bubbles from the pressure tank to a culture pond or a culture tank. It has a basic configuration.

[0007]

[Function] A mixed fluid of water and gas is formed by mixing air or oxygen into the aquaculture water drawn out from the aquaculture tank by a circulation pump by a method such as suction or blowing, and the formed mixed fluid Are agitated and mixed in a pressure tank filled with ceramic particles or the like while a predetermined pressure is applied. That is, as the gas-liquid mixed fluid stirs and flows in the pressurized tank, the bubbles in the gas-liquid mixed fluid pass through the fine pores of the ceramic granules, which causes relatively large bubbles in the mixed fluid. Has a particle size of 1 to 30 μm
While being finely divided into fine bubbles, the finely divided bubbles are more uniformly stirred and mixed into water. Further, the mixed fluid stirs and flows in the pressurized tank under a pressurized state, so that the solubility of bubbles is remarkably improved, and fine bubble water in which bubbles are not separated for a long period can be obtained as described later.

On the other hand, the ceramic granules filled in the pressure tank are vigorously stirred and mixed by the flow of the mixed fluid, and friction and collision are generated by repeating mutual friction and collision. As a result, electrolysis of water molecules occurs and so-called activated water is obtained. Further, the water itself is highly activated by the far infrared energy emitted from the ceramic particles themselves being absorbed by the water. Furthermore, if the granules filled in the pressurized tank are rock granules, the mineral components in the rock will be appropriately melted into the culture water, which will have a favorable effect on the growth of aquatic products. Become.

The gas-liquid mixed fluid agitated and mixed in the pressure tank is discharged from the pressure tank to obtain highly activated aquaculture water in a fully emulsified state containing a large amount of fine bubbles. , Returned to the culture tank.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of an aquaculture facility for carrying out the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a culture tank, 2 is aquatic products,
3 is a filter device, 4 is an air or oxygen mixer, 5 is a circulation pump, 6 is a pressure tank, 7 is a granular material, 8a is aquaculture water, 8b is a gas-liquid mixed fluid, and 8c is treated aquaculture water. Air or oxygen is mixed in the aquaculture water 8a sucked from the aquaculture tank 1 by the circulation pump 5 in the mixer 4 to form a gas-liquid mixed fluid 8b. The gas-liquid mixed fluid 8b is continuously fed into the pressure tank 6, where it is agitated and mixed with the granular material 7 to atomize the bubbles, activate water, and dissolve minerals. After that, the treated aquaculture water 8c is returned to the aquaculture tank 1 through the conduit 9.

The aquaculture tank 1 is made of plastic, metal, concrete or the like, and may have any shape. Further, it is needless to say that the aquaculture tank 1 may be a pool, a pond, a paddy field, etc., and here, the pool, the pond, etc. are also included in the aquaculture tank 1. In addition, by controlling the temperature of the water in the aquaculture tank 1, the eggs of fish and shellfish and shellfish and the larva (fry) after hatching are raised. In the present specification, eggs of fish and shellfish and crustaceans and their larvae are collectively referred to as aquatic products.

As shown in FIG. 2, the mixer 4 is composed of a so-called ejector, and the air A is sucked into the culture water 8a from the outside by the negative pressure generated by the circulation of the culture water 8a. The mixer 4 may be provided on the discharge side of the circulation pump 5 as shown by the dotted line in FIG. Further, the mixer 4 may be a so-called gas-blowing type mixer as shown in FIG. 3, and in the case of mixing oxygen into the aquaculture water 8a, the gas-blowing type mixer 4 may be used. Four
Is used.

The pressure tank 6 comprises a metal or synthetic resin cylindrical body having a pressurized water jet nozzle 6a and a porous ceramic granular filler 7 filled therein.
Porous ceramic has a specific gravity of 2.5 to 4.0 and a diameter of 1
A spherical body of about 20 mmφ is used. Further, in this embodiment, the porous ceramic granular filler 7 has a spherical shape, but the shape is 20 mm or less in outer diameter and 20 m in length.
m or less cylindrical body or outer diameter 20 mmφ or less, inner diameter 1-18 m
It is also possible to use a cylindrical body having mφ and a length of 20 mm or less. Further, as the material of the granular filler 7, it is preferable to use a porous ceramic material having a crystalline structure that is hard and dense, does not easily crack or wear, and has water resistance, alkali resistance and acid resistance. In addition, as the porous granular packing 7,
It may be a porous granular filling body 7 made of plastic in which ceramic powder is kneaded or a porous granular filling body 7 made by coating ceramics on a plastic granular body. In addition, each of the porous granular fillers 7 is made of a ceramic material or a plastic material, which is a raw material, in which far-infrared emitting materials, magnetic materials such as magnetite, radioactive materials such as uranium oxide ores,
It is desirable to contain one kind or two or more kinds of catalyst substances such as transition metal oxides.

Although the ceramic granules 7 are filled in this embodiment, granules made of ores or rocks may be used instead. In this case, a mineral component useful for growing the aquatic product 2 contained in rock or the like is dissolved in the culture water 8c, which is convenient.

Further, as the granular body 7, ceramic granular bodies and granular bodies such as rocks may be mixed.

Further, in the embodiment of FIGS. 2 and 3,
Although one pressure tank 6 is used, the pressure tank filled with the ceramic particles and the pressure tank filled with the rock particles may be connected in series.

In addition, in FIG. 1, the treated aquaculture water 8c from the pressure tank 6 is directly returned to the aquaculture tank 1. However, the treated aquaculture water 8c is supplied with a far-infrared radiator (not shown). The water 8c may be activated to a higher degree by circulating it in the filled tank and irradiating it with far infrared rays so that the radiant energy is absorbed by the aquaculture water 8c.

With reference to FIG. 2, the pump 5 is started and the aquaculture water 8a is forced from the aquaculture tank (not shown) through the mixer 4 into the pressure tank. At the same time when the pump 5 is started, the opening degree of the suction valve 4a is adjusted to control the mixing amount of the air A mixed into the liquid absorption through the mixer 4 to a predetermined value.
When the suction valve 4a is opened, a predetermined amount of air A is sucked and mixed into the water 8a by the suction force generated by the mixer 4. Further, the gas-liquid mixed fluid 8b continues to be 2 to 5 kg / c.
It is introduced into the pressure tank 6 at a pressure of m ² and the ejection nozzle 6
It is ejected from a into the tank 6. As a result, the porous ceramic granules filled inside are vigorously agitated, and while the jetted gas-liquid mixed fluid 8b passes through the inside of the pores of the porous ceramic granular packed body 7 filled inside, it is relatively Large bubbles are subdivided into fine bubbles having a particle size of about 1 to 10 μm, and are more uniformly stirred and mixed into water.

In the aquaculture water 8c treated by mixing air as a gas by the method of the present invention, the particle size of 1 to
From the test results, it is confirmed that 30 μm fine bubbles are mixed at a mixing ratio of about 20 to 40 VOL%, and as a result, the amount of dissolved oxygen in water increases by 20 to 50% of the value in the steady saturation state. Has been done. Further, the fine bubbles in the emulsified treated aquaculture water 8c are not easily separated from the water even when the water 8c is allowed to stand, and are kept in the emulsified state for about 10 minutes. That is, the dissolution of oxygen in the cultured water 8c is continued for a long time.

In the pressure tank 6, the ceramic granular filler 7 itself is also agitated and mixed, and friction and collision are repeated with each other. As a result, so-called triboelectricity and piezoelectricity are generated in the granular filling body 7. Further, so-called pyroelectricity is generated in the granular packing 7 by being heated by the collision or absorbing infrared rays and the like. When the granular filling body 7 is charged in this way, the molecules of the liquid 2 flowing inside thereof are electrolyzed or magnetized by the magnetic field generated by the discharge flow of the charging body, and the so-called liquid 2 itself is also. It will be activated. Further, in the case where the far-infrared radiation substance, the magnetic substance, the radioactive substance, the catalytic substance, etc. are contained in the porous granular packing 7, the treated aquaculture is performed by absorbing the radiant energy from the mixed substance. Water 8
c itself will be more highly activated.

FIG. 4 shows still another embodiment of the present invention, in which air or oxygen A is directly jetted into the pressure tank 6. The aquaculture water 8a pumped from the circulation pump 5 is jetted from the jet nozzle 6a into the tank 6, and similarly, the air A etc. pumped from the compressor or the like is discharged into the tank 6.

By supplying the aquaculture water 8a and the air A,
The pressure tank 6 is pressurized to a pressure of about 2 to 5 kg / cm ² , and the mixed fluid 8b and the granular packing 7 in the pressure tank 6 are vigorously stirred and flow by a jet stream or the like. As a result, the relatively large bubbles ejected into the water 8a pass through the pores of the porous granular packing 7 in the tank 6 during the agitation flow, and the particle size is changed while passing through the pores. 1-3
The air bubbles are subdivided into fine bubbles of about 0 μm and are more uniformly stirred and mixed into the water 8a.

[0023]

According to the present invention, the aquaculture water 8a drawn from the aquaculture tank 1 is mixed with air or oxygen, and the mixed fluid 8b of the both is stored in the pressure tank 6 filled with the porous granular material 7. By stirring and mixing together with the granules 7, the internal bubbles are made fine. as a result,
The treated aquaculture water 8c contains a large amount of fine bubbles having a very small particle diameter (particle diameter 1 to 30 μm), which inevitably increases the amount of dissolved oxygen in the aquaculture water. This allows
It has been proved that the adverse effects of poultry breeding due to oxygen deficiency in the aquaculture tank 1 are significantly reduced, and the growth rate of larvae (fry) can be improved to about 90%. It has also been proved that the consumption of animals in the aquarium 1 is increased and the growth of fry is promoted. Furthermore, when the granular body 7 made of rock or the like is used, the mineral components necessary for the growth of the aquatic product are effectively supplied, and the growth thereof can be promoted. In addition, the cultured water 8c treated according to the present invention contains a large amount of fine bubbles and is highly activated by absorbing the high radiant energy of the ceramic-filled granules. As a result, a high bactericidal effect and a growth promoting effect on aquatic products can be exhibited, and in particular, the cultured water 8c that absorbs far infrared rays is effective for growing aquatic products. As described above, the present invention has excellent practical utility.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of aquaculture facility for carrying out the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a first embodiment of the pressure tank used in the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a second embodiment of the pressure tank used in the present invention.

FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment of the pressure tank used in the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 is a culture tank, 2 is aquatic products, 3 is a filter device, 4
Is a mixer, 5 is a circulation pump, 6 is a pressurized tank, 7 is a filled granular material, 8a is aquaculture water, 8b is a gas-liquid mixture, and 8c is treated aquaculture water.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A method for cultivating an aquatic product, wherein aquaculture water is pumped from a culture pond or aquaculture tank to a purification treatment device by a circulation pump, and the purified culture water is circulated to the aquaculture pond or aquaculture tank. At that time, an air or oxygen mixer is attached to the suction side or the discharge side of the circulation pump, and the air or oxygen is mixed into the culture water by the mixer, and the culture water mixed with the air or oxygen is filled into the granules. Aerated water or oxygen bubbles by pressure mixing in a pressurized tank, and aquaculture water containing fine bubbles is refluxed from the pressure tank to a culture pond or aquaculture tank. Aquaculture method. 2. The method for cultivating an aquatic product according to claim 1, wherein the granular material to be filled in the pressurized tank is either one or both of a porous ceramic particle and a rock particle for mineral dissolution. 3. The pressure tank is configured such that a pressure tank filled with porous ceramic particles and a pressure tank filled with rock particles for mineral melting are connected in series.
The method for cultivating an aquatic product according to 1. 4. The method for cultivating aquatic products according to claim 1, wherein the culture water which is circulated from the pressure tank to the culture tank is irradiated with far infrared rays from a far infrared radiator.