JPH08242641A - Harvester for root vegetables - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a self-propelled root vegetable harvester capable of digging a field, pulling out a root vegetable having a long (deep) root, such as a burdock, from the field, simultaneously carrying the pulled root vegetable toward the rear part of the frame, and receiving the carried root vegetable. CONSTITUTION: In a root vegetable harvester in which a digging part, a pulling and carrying part, and a receiving part are disposed on a travel vehicle body provided with a pair of right and left crawlers, a vertically crawler-moving mechanism for separately and vertically moving the ground-contacting surfaces of the right and left crawlers with a horizontal sensor is disposed on the frame to substantially horizontally hold the frame in order to maintain the digging action direction of the digging part. A wheel contacting with the surface of the ground between the right and left crawlers is further disposed behind the frame to harvest the crop without damaging the harvested crop and improve the longitudinal balance of the frame for the good work.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a self-propelled root vegetable in which long root (deep root) root vegetables such as burdock are excavated from a field, pulled out, transported toward the rear of the machine, and housed. Regarding the harvester.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a digging section for digging root vegetables such as carrots vegetated in a field has been provided at the forefront of a traveling vehicle equipped with a pair of left and right crawlers. Part of the root carrots excavated by the excavation unit is sandwiched and pulled out between the rear section and the harvest storage unit arranged at the rear of the traveling vehicle. A pulling / conveying unit that conveys the material while lifting it up is installed.
A root vegetable harvester that cuts the root from the foliage in the transportation process by the transport unit, stores the cut and dropped root in the harvest storage, and discharges the remaining foliage toward the rear of the machine, for example, It is well known from JP-A-6-13. In addition, when harvesting long root crops such as burdock, the soil on both sides of the burdock that is vegetated in the field is dug vertically by a vertically oscillating digging blade so that the burdock can be easily removed. The machine is also well known.

[0003]

In the above-mentioned conventional root vegetable harvesting machine and digging machine, one of the left and right crawlers travels in contact with the furrow or the site of the harvest during the harvesting work, and the machine leans to the left or right. In some cases, the digging action direction of the digging portion (blade) was not in the vertical direction, and the digging portion sometimes contacted the crop and damaged it. In addition, when traveling with the front part of the excavation section and the extraction / transportation section raised, the front-rear balance point of the machine body is located at the center position in the front-rear direction of the crawler. If you do so, the ground balance of the excavation part will move the fuselage balance backward. Furthermore, as the amount of harvested products accumulated in the harvest container aircraft increases, the aircraft balance will move further rearward. as a result,
There is a problem that the aircraft tends to incline rearward, and stable traveling performance cannot be obtained. The present invention has been made for the purpose of solving the above problems.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention is a root vegetable provided with a digging section, a pulling / conveying section, and an accommodating section in a traveling vehicle equipped with a pair of left and right crawlers. In the harvester,
A crawler up-and-down moving mechanism that vertically moves each by a horizontal sensor provided on the machine body is provided, and the machine body is held substantially horizontally to keep the excavation action direction by the excavation section substantially vertical, and at the rear of the machine body, left and right It is characterized in that a wheel for contacting the ground is provided in the field scene between the crawlers.

[0005]

With the above structure, the root vegetable harvester of the present invention can detect the level difference by the horizontal sensor even if there is a level difference on the left and right in the field where the left and right crawlers travel.
The crawler is automatically moved up and down to keep the aircraft horizontal and the lateral movement of the excavation section is suppressed as much as possible. Then, the excavation portion performs the excavation action in the vertical direction, and the excavation can be performed without damaging the crop, and the smooth harvesting work is performed. Further, the load applied to the rear of the machine is supported by the wheels on the rear of the machine, and the front-rear posture of the machine can be stabilized, so that the traveling and workability of the machine are improved.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 to 6, reference numeral 1 is a root vegetable harvesting machine mainly used for harvesting burdock A, and this root vegetable harvesting machine 1 includes a machine frame (traveling vehicle body) 2 as a left and right pair as a traveling unit. Crawler 3,
Equipped with three. A digging section 4 consisting of a pair of left and right digging blades is arranged in a vertically movable and back-and-forth oscillating manner in front of the machine body frame 2 on the front right side. The upper end of the burdock A excavated by the section 4 is sandwiched and pulled out from the field, and the pulling / conveying section 5 consisting of a pair of left and right pulling / conveying belts for conveying obliquely upward and rearward so that the tip end side thereof can be vertically adjusted. Support. It is located at the rear of the machine frame 2 below the transport end of the pull-out / transport unit 5, and the harvested product (burdock A)
An accommodating portion 6 for accommodating the is provided.

[0007] The drawing / conveying unit 5 at the front of the machine body frame 2
The control part 7 is provided on the side opposite to
An engine 8 is mounted at the rear of the body frame 2 behind the control unit 7. A transmission 9, a hydraulic unit 10 and the like are attached to the body frame 2 between the control unit 7 and the engine 8. The transmission 9 and the hydraulic unit 10 have a belt transmission system 11 having a tension clutch mechanism from the engine 8 and a counter. Power is transmitted through the shaft, and the transmission 9
The power that has been shifted by the drive wheel 3 connected to the output shaft 9a.
The crawlers 3 and 3 are driven via a, and the hydraulic pump of the hydraulic unit 10 is driven.

A pair of left and right steered wheels 12, 12 are arranged on the slightly front side of the digging section 4 at an interval slightly wider than the interval between the crawlers 3, 3 and at an interval substantially equal to the lateral width of the body frame 2. There is. Also, behind the fuselage frame 2,
Wheels 13 are provided for landing in the field scene between the left and right crawlers 3, 3. The extraction / conveyance unit 5, the housing unit 6, the control unit 7, the engine 8, the transmission 9, the hydraulic unit 10 and the like provided on the machine body frame 2 and the excavation provided on the front side of the machine body frame (traveling vehicle body) 2. The part 4 and the steered wheels 12 and 12 are supported by the crawlers 3 and 3 so that the front and rear balance and the left and right balance of the machine body are balanced, and the excavation part 4 enters the field and carries out the excavation work. Even when the front-rear balance of the machine body is biased to the rear due to an increase in the amount of harvested products accumulated in the storage unit 6, the wheel 13 does not receive the load and the traveling vehicle body 2 does not tilt rearward. It is like this.

The crawlers 3 and 3 are provided with the drive wheel 3a at the rear part and the idle wheel 3b elastically supported so as to be movable back and forth at the front part, and below the drive wheel 3a and the idle wheel 3b. , Six rolling contact wheels 3c, 3c supported by a vertically movable track frame 14 are arranged, and a crawler belt 3d is wound around them. The track frame 14 is supported by the pair of front and rear support shafts 15, 15 supported by the body frame 2 so as to be vertically movable via link arms 16, 16 ... A rotating arm 17 supported by the body frame 2 between the link arms 16 and 16 and the front and rear link arms 1
6 and 16 are connected to each other by a plate 18 and a rod 19, and the horizontal control hydraulic cylinders 20 and 20 interposed between the rotary arm 17 and the machine body frame 2 expand and contract to move the left and right track frames 14 up and down. Then rolling wheel 3
The height of the ground contact surface of the crawler belt 3d is changed via the c, 3c ...

The vertical movement of the grounding surfaces of the left and right crawlers 3, 3 is controlled by the horizontal sensor 21 provided on the machine body to automatically switch the hydraulic valve 23 via the control unit 22 to control the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 20. The aircraft is kept almost horizontal at all times. As a result, the digging section 4 does not laterally shift (horizontal movement), the digging action direction is always held substantially in the vertical direction, and the digging section 4 is burdock A
The burdock A can be dug without damaging it.

The extracting / conveying unit 5 is supported by a V-shaped support frame 24 so as to be rotatable in the front-rear direction with respect to the machine frame 2. A support arm 25 is supported so as to be vertically rotatable from a front portion of the machine body frame 2 and is rotated by a working portion lifting hydraulic cylinder 26. A vertical frame 27 is erected on the tip of the support arm 25, and an elevating arm 28 having a base end pivotally supported on the tip thereof moves up and down by a digging section hydraulic cylinder 29, and at the tip of the elevating arm 28. The excavation part 4 is connected via the connecting rod 30. Further, a vertical link 32 is pivotally attached to the front end of a work machine frame 31 whose base end is pivotally supported by the front end of the support arm 25, and a top link 33 and a lower link 34 with a check chain are attached to the vertical link 32. It is connected to the digging section 4 through.

At the lower end of the vertical link 32, the steered wheels 12,
The steering wheel 12 is supported by a tie rod 12a and steered by a steering hydraulic cylinder 35. Vertical frame 27 and pull-out
An electric cylinder 36 is connected to the transport section 5. Further, the wheel 13 is supported on the rear portion of the machine body frame 2 via a link 37 so as to be vertically and horizontally rotatable.
Turnbuckle 38 interposed between the body frame 2 and
Thus, the vertical and lateral positions of the wheel 13 can be adjusted.

In the root vegetable (burdock) harvesting machine 1 having such a structure, as shown in FIG. 7, when the harvesting work is performed by introducing the root vegetable (burdock root) into the burdock cultivation field, first, one row at both ends of the burdock A cultivation row. After excavating the portion manually or by other means, the harvesting operation is performed by the harvesting machine 1 to perform the harvesting operation. Then, the harvester 1 travels with the front portions of the digging unit 4 and the withdrawing / conveying unit 5 raised during turning, and can make sharp turns with the crawlers 3 and 3, and during working, Lower the front of the digging unit 4 and the extraction / transportation unit 5,
The harvesting work is performed while gently correcting the traveling direction by the steered wheels 12 provided on the front side of the crawler 3.

The burdock A vegetated in the field is dug up together with soil from both sides by the digging section 4 consisting of a pair of digging blades, and the upper part of the dug up burdock A is the tip of the extraction / transportation section 5. It is sandwiched by the parts, pulled out from the field by the traveling of the machine, and conveyed in the posture as it is toward the upper rear of the machine. Be accommodated.

During such harvesting work, one of the left and right crawlers 3, 3 travels in the harvested field B,
That is, even if the vehicle travels in a state where there is a difference in height between the left and right sides, the difference in height is detected by the horizontal sensor 21, and the crawlers 3, 3 are
Is automatically moved up and down to keep the left and right of the body horizontal, and the lateral movement of the digging unit 4 is suppressed as much as possible. Then, the digging unit 4 performs a digging action in the vertical direction and can dig without damaging the burdock A, and a smooth harvesting operation is performed. In addition, the load applied to the rear of the fuselage is due to the wheels 13 at the rear of the fuselage.
Supported by, stabilizes the front-back posture of the machine body and improves the traveling and workability of the machine body. Further, the steered wheels 12 arranged further forward of the excavation section 4 prevent vertical movement due to pitching of the machine body, and allow the traveling direction of the machine body to be corrected gently.

The digging section 4 is arranged offset to the one side from the lateral center of the machine body, and the digging section 4 offsets the distance between the lateral center of the digging section 4 and the left and right steered wheels 12. The distance to the steered wheel 12 on the opposite side is set to be larger than the distance to the steered wheel 12 on the opposite side to which the excavation portion 14 is offset, so that the load on the steered wheel 12 is reduced. The steering can be performed easily, and the working state of the excavation unit 4 can be easily seen from the control unit 7, so that the working accuracy can be improved.

In the present invention, the side clutch operation for steering the crawlers 3, 3 cannot be performed when the excavation section 4 is in a working state in which the excavation section 4 is in the soil. When the work state is entered, the steering operation is not accidentally performed. Further, the digging unit 4 can be moved up and down, and at the upper limit and at other times, the steering operation by the same lever of the traveling unit (crawler 3, 3) is performed, the side clutch operation of the traveling unit, and the steered wheels. Since the operation is switched to the steering operation of No. 12, not only can the operation be performed by the same lever during the harvesting work, or during the traveling or traveling of the machine, but erroneous operation can be eliminated.

An elevating link for elevating the excavation section 4 is composed of a link extending from the front to the rear of the machine body frame and a cylinder mechanism, and the excavation section 4 is attached to the elevating link so as to be movable laterally. Therefore, the work of the digging section 4 can be easily corrected. Since the expansion / contraction mechanism for expanding / contracting the elevating link is provided, and the front / rear angle of the excavation part can be adjusted by the expansion / contraction mechanism, the working angle of the excavation part 4 can be easily adjusted, and highly accurate excavation work is performed. . Further, the pulling-out / conveying unit 5 is composed of a pair of right and left holding belts, and the pulling-out height of the holding belts can be adjusted in the driver's seat 7.
Can be adjusted up and down to perform reliable pulling out and carrying work.

Since a circuit structure is employed in which the cylinder mechanism for adjusting the working depth of the digging portion 4 can be expanded and contracted by a variable resistance, the working depth of the digging portion 4 can be adjusted steplessly.
It can be done finely. A lever for detecting the working depth of the digging portion 4 is provided, and the lever operates a switch for switching the steering operation by the same lever of the traveling portion between the side clutch operation of the traveling portion and the steering operation of the steered wheels. By doing so, a separate link mechanism is not required and the structure is simplified.

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the steered wheels 12 are freely rotatable as in the above embodiment, and the hydraulic motor 4 is used.
It may be configured so as to be driven and rotated by 9, 49. In this case, the correction of the traveling direction of the machine body can be performed more easily.

The root vegetable harvester 1 of the present invention is not limited to the burdock A harvesting work of the embodiment, but can be similarly used for harvesting long-root crops such as radish and long-root ginseng.

[0022]

As described above, according to the root vegetable harvester of the present invention, the crawler up-and-down mechanism for vertically moving the ground contact surfaces of the left and right crawlers respectively by the horizontal sensors provided on the machine is provided. Since it is held almost horizontally and the direction of the digging action by the digging section is held almost vertically, even if there is a difference in height in the field where the left and right crawlers run, this is detected by the horizontal sensor and the crawler is detected. By moving up and down to keep the machine horizontal and horizontal, the digging section always operates almost vertically and you can dig without damaging the crop,
Smooth harvesting work has become possible.

Further, since the wheels for contacting the farm scene between the left and right crawlers are provided at the rear of the machine body, the wheels do not support the load applied to the rear part of the machine body and the machine body does not tilt rearward. You can stabilize the posture of the direction,
The runnability and workability of the machine have been improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a root vegetable harvester according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a crawler vertical movement mechanism portion.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the same.

FIG. 4 is a front view of the same.

FIG. 5 is a rear view of the same.

FIG. 6 is a front view of a steered wheel portion.

FIG. 7 is an operation explanatory diagram of a root vegetable harvester.

FIG. 8 is a front view showing another embodiment of the steered wheels.

FIG. 9 is a hydraulic circuit diagram of the same.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Root vegetable (burdock) harvester 2 Body frame (traveling vehicle) 3 Crawler 3a Drive wheel 3b Idler wheel 3c Rolling contact wheel 3d Crawler track 4 Digging section (digging blade) 5 Extraction / conveying section 6 Harvest storage section 7 Control unit 8 Engine 9 Transmission 9a Output shaft 10 Hydraulic unit 11 Belt transmission system 12 Steering wheel 13 Wheel 14 Track frame 15 Support shaft 16 Link arm 17 Rotating arm 18 Plate 19 Rod 20 Horizontal control hydraulic cylinder 21 Horizontal sensor 22 Control unit 23 Hydraulic valve 24 Support frame 25 Support arm 26 Working part lifting hydraulic cylinder 27 Vertical frame 28 Lifting arm 29 Digging part lifting hydraulic cylinder 30 Connecting rod 31 Working machine frame 32 Vertical link 2 33 Top link 34 Lower link 35 Steering hydraulic cylinder 36 Electric Cylinder 37 link 38 turnbuckle 39 hydraulic motor A burdock B Drilling-up marks

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Kenji Ito 667 Izaiya-cho, Higashi-Izumo-cho, Yatsuka-gun, Shimane Prefecture 1 Mitsubishi Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. Address 1 In Mitsubishi Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yoshiaki Nakajima 1219 Yanoguchi, Inagi City, Tokyo Within Kawabe Agricultural Research Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Kentaro Ishiguro 1219 Yanoguchi, Inagi City, Tokyo Kawabe Agricultural Research Co., Ltd. Within

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A root vegetable harvester comprising a traveling vehicle equipped with a pair of left and right crawlers, a digging section, a pulling / conveying section, and a storage section. A crawler vertical movement mechanism that vertically moves each separately by the provided horizontal sensor is provided, and the machine body is held substantially horizontally and the excavation direction of the excavation section is maintained substantially vertically, and at the rear of the machine body,
A root vegetable harvester characterized by being provided with a wheel that comes into contact with the field scene between the left and right crawlers.