JPH08238472A - Metal grinding and classifying method and apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a metal classifying apparatus classfying nonferrous metals from metal-containing matter to be treated such as household electric appliances and further classifying the same into heavy and light matters to recover both matters and capable of being reduced in installation area and height dimension. CONSTITUTION: Ferrous metals are classified and recovered from matter 1 to be treated by a suspension type magnet 3 and a drum separator and nonferrous metals are subsequently classified from the matter 1 to be treated by an eddy current sorter 6 and ground into particles having a particle size of a certain degree by a crusher 7 and these particles are classifed into heavy and light matters by a winnowing sorter 8 to respectively recover both matters. By this method, ferrous metals are classified and recovered from matter to be treated heretofore by a magnetic separator but nonferrous metals difficult to reutilize heretofore are ground by a crusher to recover particles uniform in particle size and these particles are classified into light and right matters by the winnowing sorter to recover both matters and nonferrous metals are easily recovered as resources. By arranging a nonferrous component classifier under an iron classifier, the installation area of a metal classifying apparatus can be reduced as a whole and, by introducing a bucket conveyor into the nonferrous component classifier, the height dimension of the nonferrous component classifier can be reduced.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and system for crushing and separately collecting home electric appliances, office equipment, automobile parts and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the conventional metal separation, there is an example in which an eddy current separator is used for the purpose of recovering ferrous metals with a magnetic separator and separating nonferrous metals such as aluminum cans. Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 5-147045 discloses an apparatus for separating nonferrous metals such as copper and aluminum by using a specific gravity liquid.

[0003]

As the amount of general waste such as oversized garbage discharged from ordinary households and offices or the amount of industrial waste discharged from business establishments increases, the resources contained in them increases. Is becoming more important. However, home appliances, office equipment, automobile parts and the like have complicated structures and use a wide variety of materials, and it is very difficult to recover useful resources from them. Although ferrous metals are collected by a magnetic separator, non-ferrous metals are only separated by an eddy current separator, so non-ferrous metals are recovered without separation of copper and aluminum, for example, and it is difficult to reuse them for manual selection. It was sorted by and was not mechanized.

On the other hand, in the non-ferrous metal fractionation utilizing the specific gravity liquid described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-147045, no practically sufficient fractionation performance has been obtained and it has not been put to practical use.

An object of the present invention is to provide a metal crushing fractionation method and system capable of obtaining sufficient fractionation performance between non-ferrous metals.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method and system for crushing and fractionating non-ferrous metals and a method and system for crushing and fractionating metal which can reduce the installation space of a metal crushing and sorting apparatus.

[0007]

A feature of the present invention is that ferrous metals are first separated by a magnetic separator from an object to be treated that has been crushed in the previous step and containing metal, and then nonferrous metals are separated by an eddy current separator. Sorting and sorting the non-ferrous metal into granules of a size that is a crusher, and throwing them into an air sorter to sort into heavy objects (eg copper) and lightweight objects (eg aluminum).

Another feature of the present invention is that an eddy current separator, a crusher, and a wind separator for separating non-ferrous metals are installed below a magnetic separator for separating ferrous metals from an object to be treated containing metal. Is to reduce the installation area of the metal separation device.

Another feature of the present invention is that after separating ferrous metals from an object to be treated containing metal, non-ferrous metals are separated by an eddy current separator and the non-ferrous metals are crushed by a crusher, which is then transferred to a bucket conveyor. It is to reduce the height dimension of the metal separating device by carrying it upwards and feeding it into the wind power sorter.

Still another feature of the present invention is to install an eddy current separator, a crusher, and a wind separator under a magnetic separator for separating ferrous metals from an object to be treated containing metal. By reducing the installation area of the metal separation device, further, after separating the ferrous metals from the object containing metal, the nonferrous metal is separated by the eddy current separator and the nonferrous metal is crushed by the crusher, This is to reduce the height dimension of the metal separating device by carrying it upward by the bucket conveyor and feeding it into the wind separator.

[0011]

The home electric appliances and the like to be treated according to the present invention are crushed in the previous step and placed in the apparatus according to the present invention as an object to be treated containing metal. The object to be processed is first put into a magnetic separator and a large ferrous metal is sucked and collected by a hanging magnet. Next, the remaining small ferrous metals are sucked and collected by the magnet in the drum by the drum separator. After that, the object to be treated is put into an eddy current sorter, and copper or aluminum, which is an electric conductor that reacts to the rotating magnetic field, is subjected to a force and splashes in the lateral direction, while the others fall downward as they are. The non-ferrous metals such as copper and aluminum thus separated are then put into a crusher and crushed until they can pass through the mesh of the screen provided at the exit of the crusher. The non-ferrous metal of the object to be treated, which has become a certain size in this way, is put into a wind power sorter and receives a wind force from below, so that heavy items are sorted downward and light items are sorted upward.

[0012]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a processing step of a metal separating apparatus according to the present invention. This metal separation device is roughly divided into ferrous metal separation and non-ferrous metal separation. The separation of ferrous metals consists of a magnetic separator and a drum separator 5, and the separation of non-ferrous metals consists of an eddy current separator 6, a crusher 7 and a wind separator 8.

The object 1 to be processed is first loaded into the magnetic separator 20, which is composed of a loading conveyor 2, a hanging magnet 3 and a conveyor 4. A large ferrous metal is sucked and collected by the hanging magnet 3 of the object 1 to be processed which is being transferred on the conveyor 4, and is stored in the iron receiving box 9. Next to be processed 1
Is charged into the drum separator 5, and the small ferrous metals sucked and collected by the magnet in the drum are stored in the iron receiving box 9 as described above. The non-ferrous metal is recovered in the non-ferrous metal fractionation in the subsequent process after the rest of the non-ferrous metals are not recovered.

In the non-ferrous metal separation process, first, the eddy current separator 6
Eddy current is generated in the electric conductors such as copper and aluminum in the non-ferrous metal by the rotating magnetic field inside the non-ferrous metal, and the internal magnetic field generated by this eddy current repels the rotating magnetic field of the eddy current selector 6 and the non-ferrous metal. The copper and aluminum of the above are blown off in the horizontal direction for separation. The non-ferrous metal separated after this is put into a crusher 7, and 4-5 cm particles of the non-ferrous metal crushed into about 1 cm in the crusher 7 are discharged from the exit screen. The non-ferrous metal thus crushed is then put into the wind power sorter 8, receives wind force from below by the blower inside the wind power sorter 8, and heavy objects such as copper fall down and are collected in the copper receiving box 10. Then, a lightweight material such as aluminum is blown upward and collected in the aluminum receiving box 11 to separate non-ferrous metal. Since the specific gravity of copper is about 3.3 times larger than that of aluminum, by adjusting the size of the object to be processed within a certain range, the wind force received by the object will cause the heavy object to drop and the lightweight object to fly. It can be made and can sort non-ferrous metals.

Another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a side view showing an arrangement relationship of main devices for executing the non-ferrous metal separation step. The object 1 to be processed is put into the eddy current separator 6 installed above, and the separated non-ferrous metal is put into the crusher 7 installed below. The non-ferrous metal discharged from the crusher 7 is transferred to the bucket conveyor 1
It transfers to the input port of the wind power sorter 8 by 2 and inputs it into the wind power sorter 8. The height of the wind power sorter 8 is selected so as to be within the total height range of the eddy current sorter 6 and the crusher 7 arranged above and below, and as a result, the height dimension of the entire non-ferrous metal sorting device is reduced. can do. FIG. 4 shows a side view in the case where the metal crushing / separating system is assembled in such an arrangement relationship.

Another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a side view showing an arrangement relationship of main devices for executing the metal crushing and separating step. As in the case of the above-mentioned embodiment, the object 1 is loaded into the loading conveyor 2, the ferrous metals are separated and collected by the hanging magnet 3 and the drum separator 5, and then the nonferrous metals are loaded separately. In this embodiment, an eddy current sorter 6, a crusher 7, a wind sorter 8
Is disposed below the ferrous metal separating device including the magnetic separator 20 and the drum separator 5. As a result, the installation area of the entire metal crushing / separating apparatus can be reduced. Therefore, the installation volume can be significantly reduced by the arrangement configuration in which the arrangement for reducing the height dimension shown in FIG. 2 and the arrangement for reducing the installation area shown in FIG. 3 are combined.

[0017]

According to the present invention, non-ferrous metals such as copper and aluminum can be separated and collected from an object to be treated containing metal, the installation area of the entire metal crushing and separating apparatus can be reduced, and the height of the non-ferrous metal separating apparatus can be increased. This has the effect of reducing the size.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a process chart showing an embodiment of a metal crushing and fractionating system according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing an arrangement relationship of main devices for performing a nonferrous metal separation step.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing an arrangement relationship of main devices that perform a process of crushing and separating metal.

FIG. 4 is a side view showing another embodiment of the metal crushing / separating system according to the present invention.

[Explanation of Codes] 1 ... Object to be processed, 2 ... Loading conveyor, 3 ... Hanging magnet,
4 ... Conveyor, 5 ... Drum separator, 6 ... Eddy current sorter, 7 ... Crusher, 8 ... Wind sorter, 9 ... Iron receiving box, 1
0 ... Copper receiving box, 11 ... Aluminum receiving box, 12 ... Bucket conveyor

Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification number Office reference number FI technical display area B09B 5/00 ZABM

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A crushing / separating system for crushing and classifying an object to be processed, comprising: a magnetic separator for separating ferrous metals from a material containing the object to be treated; and a copper from the object to be treated after separating the ferrous metal. , An eddy current separator for separating non-ferrous metals such as aluminum, a crusher for crushing the non-ferrous metals from the eddy current separator, and a first specific gravity for the crushed non-ferrous metals A second non-ferrous substance having a second specific gravity smaller than the first specific gravity but dropping the first non-ferrous substance gives a wind force to move along the wind flow, and a wind power sorter for separating the non-ferrous metals A crushing / separating system characterized by being equipped with. 2. A crushing and classification system for crushing and classifying an object to be processed, comprising an eddy current separator for classifying nonferrous metals below a magnetic separator for classifying ferrous metals, and a crusher for crushing nonferrous metals. A shredding and sorting system characterized by installing a wind power sorter for sorting the shredded non-ferrous metals. 3. A crushing / separating system for crushing and separating an object to be processed, an eddy current separator for separating non-ferrous metals, a crusher for crushing non-ferrous metals, and a crushed non-ferrous metal conveyed upward. A crushing / separating system characterized by installing a bucket conveyor and a wind power sorter for separating the crushed non-ferrous metals. 4. The eddy current sorter and crusher are within the height range of the wind force sorter, and the eddy current sorter is on the upper side.
The crushing / separating system according to claim 3, wherein the crusher is disposed on the lower side. 5. A magnetic separator for separating ferrous metals from those containing a metal object to be treated, and an eddy current for separating nonferrous metals such as copper and aluminum from the object after the ferrous metals have been separated. Sorting machine, a crusher for crushing the non-ferrous metals from the eddy current sorting machine, a bucket conveyor for transporting the crushed non-ferrous metals upward, and for the non-ferrous metals transported by this bucket conveyor, The first non-ferrous substance having the first specific gravity is dropped, but the second non-ferrous substance having the second specific gravity smaller than the first specific gravity gives wind force to move along the wind flow to remove the above non-ferrous metals. It consists of a wind power sorter for sorting, the eddy current sorter, a crusher, a bucket conveyor and a wind sorter are arranged below the magnetic sorter, and the eddy current sorter and the crusher are arranged in a vertical positional relationship. The vortex above and below Flow sorter and within the scope of the total height of the crusher, crushing sorting system wherein the height of the height and wind sorter of the bucket conveyor is selected. 6. A nonferrous metal which is a non-ferrous metal such as copper or aluminum, which is separated from an iron-containing metal after separating the ferrous metal from the metal-containing processed object. A crushing / separating system characterized by crushing metals and subjecting the crushed non-ferrous metals to wind screening to sort two types of non-ferrous substances.