JP2001225020A - Apparatus for treating waste electrical appliance - Google Patents
Apparatus for treating waste electrical applianceInfo
- Publication number
- JP2001225020A JP2001225020A JP2000040192A JP2000040192A JP2001225020A JP 2001225020 A JP2001225020 A JP 2001225020A JP 2000040192 A JP2000040192 A JP 2000040192A JP 2000040192 A JP2000040192 A JP 2000040192A JP 2001225020 A JP2001225020 A JP 2001225020A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- materials
- crushed
- ferrous metal
- magnetic
- crusher
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000006148 magnetic separator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003562 lightweight material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 30
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 15
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003584 silencer Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KYKAJFCTULSVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro(fluoro)methane Chemical compound F[C]Cl KYKAJFCTULSVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002843 nonmetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、廃家電製品か
ら、鉄や非鉄金属（アルミニウム等）等の有価物を回収
するために使用される廃家電製品の処理装置に関するも
のである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for processing waste home appliances used for recovering valuable resources such as iron and non-ferrous metals (such as aluminum) from waste home appliances.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】廃棄された家電製品から有価物を回収す
るための処理装置は昔から知られている。従来のこの種
の処理装置は、図４に示すように、破砕機により廃家電
製品を破砕して破砕物とした後、磁力選別機により当該
破砕物から鉄系金属（強磁性金属）を回収し、さらに非
鉄金属選別機でアルミニウム等の非鉄金属（弱磁性金
属）を回収するものが一般的である。図４からわかるよ
うに、従来の処理装置でも鉄系金属と非鉄金属が分離回
収されているが、その回収率は必ずしも満足できるもの
ではなかった。特に、非鉄金属の分離が十分ではなく、
資源の有効利用のため、より確実で収率の高い回収処理
装置が望まれている。なお、上記処理によって金属が回
収された残りは、大半がプラスチックであり、このプラ
スチックも回収されている。2. Description of the Related Art Processing apparatuses for recovering valuable resources from discarded home electric appliances have long been known. As shown in FIG. 4, this type of conventional processing apparatus crushes waste home appliances using a crusher into crushed materials, and then recovers an iron-based metal (ferromagnetic metal) from the crushed materials using a magnetic separator. In general, a non-ferrous metal separator (a weak magnetic metal) such as aluminum is recovered by a non-ferrous metal sorter. As can be seen from FIG. 4, the ferrous metal and the non-ferrous metal are separated and recovered in the conventional processing apparatus, but the recovery rate is not always satisfactory. In particular, the separation of non-ferrous metals is not sufficient,
There is a demand for a more reliable and high-yield recovery treatment apparatus for effective use of resources. Most of the remaining metal from the above processing is plastic, and this plastic is also recovered.
【０００３】上記磁力選別機には、永久磁石や電磁石が
用いられており、磁力により鉄系金属を磁着させて除去
（回収）している。また、非鉄金属選別機は、渦電流選
別機が用いられることが多く、回転ベルトで搬送中の非
鉄金属（弱磁性金属）に磁束を影響させ、回転ベルトの
終端から遠方へ飛ばし、磁束の影響を受けない非金属
（非磁性物）を回転ベルトの終端からほぼ真下に落下さ
せることで、両者を選別している。[0003] A permanent magnet or an electromagnet is used in the above-mentioned magnetic force sorter, and the ferrous metal is magnetically magnetized and removed (recovered) by a magnetic force. An eddy current sorter is often used as a non-ferrous metal sorter. The magnetic flux affects the non-ferrous metal (weakly magnetic metal) being conveyed by the rotating belt, and is scattered away from the end of the rotating belt to influence the magnetic flux. Non-metal (non-magnetic material) that is not affected is dropped almost immediately below the end of the rotating belt, thereby separating the two.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、上記破砕物
は均一な大きさではなく、大小さまざまなサイズのもの
が混じっていて、例えば小さな鉄片が大きな破砕物の下
敷きになっていると、当該大きな破砕物が邪魔になり、
磁力選別機による除去を行うことができないという問題
点があった。しかしながら、磁力選別機は比較的低コス
トであるから、後工程にも磁力選別機を設けることで、
それほどコストを高くすることなく上記問題点を解決
し、鉄の回収率を向上することが可能である。By the way, the above-mentioned crushed material is not uniform in size, but is mixed in various sizes of large and small. For example, if a small iron piece is placed underneath a large crushed material, the size of the large crushed material becomes large. The crushed material gets in the way,
There was a problem that removal by a magnetic separator could not be performed. However, since the magnetic separator is relatively inexpensive, by providing the magnetic separator in the subsequent process,
The above problems can be solved without increasing the cost so much, and the recovery rate of iron can be improved.
【０００５】回収率で問題となるのは、非鉄金属であ
る。非鉄金属選別機は、アルミニウム等の非鉄金属と非
磁性物（プラスチック等）とを選別する装置であるが、
小さな非鉄金属が大きな非磁性物の下敷きになっている
と、回転ベルトの終端から飛び出すことができず、非磁
性物とともに終端から、ほぼ真下に落下してしまうの
で、非鉄金属として回収することができなくなる。[0005] Non-ferrous metals are problematic in recovery. A non-ferrous metal sorter is a device that sorts non-ferrous metals such as aluminum and non-magnetic materials (such as plastic).
If a small non-ferrous metal is placed beneath a large non-magnetic material, it cannot jump out of the end of the rotating belt and falls almost directly below the end together with the non-magnetic material, so it can be recovered as non-ferrous metal. become unable.
【０００６】また、非磁性物の下敷きになっていなくと
も、小さな非鉄金属の前方に大きな非磁性物がある場合
等には非鉄金属は飛び出すことができないので、その選
別もできなくなる。なお、破砕物の最大サイズを４０ｍ
ｍ以下に細かく破砕しておけば、上記大きな非磁性物に
よって邪魔されて選別が不可能となる問題は解消される
と考えられるが、このように細かく破砕するのは、破砕
コストが高くなりすぎて不経済である。そこで本発明
は、比較的簡単な構造で、コストをそれほど上昇させず
に非鉄金属を収率よく選別することのできる処理装置を
提供することを課題としている。[0006] Even if the non-ferrous metal is not underlayed, the non-ferrous metal cannot fly out when there is a large non-magnetic material in front of a small non-ferrous metal, so that it cannot be sorted out. The maximum size of crushed material is 40m
If it is finely crushed to less than m, the problem that the above-mentioned non-magnetic material is obstructed by the large non-magnetic material and it becomes impossible to sort is thought to be solved. However, crushing finely in this way requires too much crushing cost. And uneconomical. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a processing apparatus which can sort non-ferrous metals with a relatively simple structure and at a high yield without significantly increasing the cost.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決するた
め、本発明は、次のような処理装置を提供する。すなわ
ち、本発明にかかる廃家電製品の処理装置は、廃家電製
品を破砕物に破砕する破砕機と、破砕物から磁性物を除
去する磁力選別機と、磁性物が除去された破砕物を、篩
上物と篩下物とに分離する篩装置と、該篩装置によって
分離された篩上物と篩下物とを別々に処理して非鉄金属
を除去する非鉄金属選別機とを備えたことを特徴として
いる。In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following processing apparatus. That is, the waste home appliance processing apparatus according to the present invention is a crusher that crushes waste home appliances into crushed materials, a magnetic separator that removes magnetic materials from crushed materials, and a crushed material from which magnetic materials have been removed. A sieve device for separating the sifted material and the sifted material, and a non-ferrous metal sorter for separately treating the sifted material and the sifted material separated by the sieving device to remove the non-ferrous metal It is characterized by.
【０００８】この処理装置は、廃家電製品の破砕物を磁
力選別後に大きいサイズのものと小さいサイズのものと
に篩い分け、当該篩い分けられた大きいものと小さいも
のとを別々に処理（非鉄金属選別処理）することによ
り、小さな非鉄金属片が大きな非磁性物に邪魔されて選
別されなくなるような不具合を解決するのである。上記
篩装置としては、浮遊性軽量物を除去できる風力併用型
の篩装置を用いるのが効果的である。[0008] In this treatment apparatus, the crushed waste home appliances are sieved into large and small sizes after magnetic separation, and the sieved large and small products are separately treated (non-ferrous metal). By performing the sorting process, it is possible to solve a problem that a small non-ferrous metal piece is obstructed by a large non-magnetic material and cannot be sorted. As the above-mentioned sieve device, it is effective to use a sieve device of a combined use with wind force capable of removing a floatable lightweight material.
【０００９】[0009]
【実施の形態】図１を参照して、この発明の実施形態を
具体的に説明する。図において、１は廃家電製品を破砕
物に破砕する破砕機、２は破砕物を移送するためのコン
ベヤ、３はコンベヤ２の排出側に設けられた磁力選別
機、４は破砕物をその大きさにより篩上物と篩下物に篩
分ける篩装置、５は当該篩装置の篩分け用スクリーン、
６は篩下物を受け入れる非鉄金属選別機、７は篩上物を
受け入れる非鉄金属選別機、８は篩上物から磁性物を除
去する磁力選別機である。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to FIG. In the figure, 1 is a crusher for crushing waste home appliances into crushed materials, 2 is a conveyor for transferring crushed materials, 3 is a magnetic separator provided on the discharge side of the conveyor 2, and 4 is a crushed material having a size. A sieve device for sieving the upper and lower sieves by the screen, 5 is a sieving screen of the sieve device,
Reference numeral 6 denotes a non-ferrous metal sorter for receiving the under-sieved material, 7 a non-ferrous metal sorter for receiving the on-sieved material, and 8 a magnetic force sorter for removing magnetic substances from the on-sieved material.
【００１０】この実施形態の作用を説明する。まず、破
砕機１により、廃家電製品（テレビ、冷蔵庫、洗濯機等
々）を破砕して破砕物とする。この破砕機１は公知の破
砕機（例えば単軸回転剪断破砕機や二軸剪断破砕機等）
であり、この破砕処理により、破砕物の大半（重量で８
０％以上）は４０ｍｍの篩目を通過できるサイズにまで
破砕される。残りはこの篩目を通過できないもので、最
大寸法として１５０ｍｍ程度のものが含まれている。The operation of this embodiment will be described. First, the crusher 1 crushes waste home appliances (TVs, refrigerators, washing machines, etc.) into crushed products. This crusher 1 is a known crusher (for example, a single-shaft rotary shear crusher or a twin-shaft shear crusher).
By this crushing process, most of the crushed material (weight 8%)
(0% or more) is crushed to a size that can pass through a 40 mm sieve. The remainder cannot pass through this sieve, and includes those having a maximum dimension of about 150 mm.
【００１１】この破砕物をコンベヤ２により篩装置４に
移送する。コンベヤ２の排出側には磁力選別機３が設け
られているので、ここで鉄系金属（強磁性物）の大半が
除去される。そして、この強磁性物は、図示省略した移
送手段により、鉄系金属のストックヤードＦに移送され
る。The crushed material is transferred to the sieving device 4 by the conveyor 2. Since the magnetic separator 3 is provided on the discharge side of the conveyor 2, most of the ferrous metal (ferromagnetic material) is removed here. Then, the ferromagnetic material is transferred to the iron-based metal stock yard F by a transfer means (not shown).
【００１２】強磁性物の大部分が除去された破砕物は、
コンベヤ２から篩装置４に導入される。図示の例では、
篩装置４として傾斜振動型の篩装置が用いられており、
この篩装置４は、図示省略した振動手段により、図中の
矢印で示したように斜め方向の振動を繰り返している。
篩装置４には３０ｍｍの篩目を有するスクリーン５（破
砕条件等に応じて２５〜４０ｍｍ程度の篩目のものを使
用することができる）が設けられており、このスクリー
ン５を通過できる小さな物（篩下物）と、通過できない
大きな物（篩上物）とに篩分けられた後、小さなものは
一方の非鉄金属選別機６に、大きなものは他方の非鉄金
属選別機７にそれぞれ分離して送られる。なお、大きな
寸法の篩上物は、磁力選別機８によって混入していた鉄
系金属が除去（回収）された後、非鉄金属選別機７に送
られる。The crushed material from which most of the ferromagnetic material has been removed is:
It is introduced from the conveyor 2 into the sieve device 4. In the example shown,
A tilt vibration type sieve device is used as the sieve device 4.
The sieve device 4 repeats oblique vibrations by vibrating means (not shown) as shown by arrows in the figure.
The sieve device 4 is provided with a screen 5 having a sieve of 30 mm (a screen having a sieve of about 25 to 40 mm can be used depending on the crushing conditions, etc.). After being sieved into a (lower sieve) and a larger one that cannot pass through (an upper sieve), the small one is separated into one non-ferrous metal sorter 6 and the large one is separated into the other non-ferrous metal sorter 7. Sent. The large sieve is sent to the non-ferrous metal sorter 7 after the ferrous metal mixed in by the magnetic sorter 8 is removed (recovered).
【００１３】非鉄金属選別機６，７は、回転ベルト９を
備えた公知のもので、当該回転ベルト９上を移動する非
鉄金属に磁束の影響を与えて、回転ベルト９の終端から
遠方へ飛ばすものである。回転ベルト９上の移動物は、
篩装置４により小さな物と大きな物に篩分けられている
ので、小さな非鉄金属が大きな非磁性物（プラスチック
等）の下敷きになったり、陰に隠れたりすることはな
く、確実に回転ベルト９の終端から遠方へ飛ばされる。
また、プラスチック等の非磁性物は、回転ベルト９のほ
ぼ真下に落下する。そして、これら両非鉄金属選別機
６，７により選別された非鉄金属並びに非磁性物は、図
示を省略した移送手段により、非鉄金属のストックヤー
ドＨと非磁性物のストックヤードＰにそれぞれ移送され
る。The non-ferrous metal sorters 6 and 7 are provided with a rotating belt 9, and apply a magnetic flux to the non-ferrous metal moving on the rotating belt 9 to fly away from the end of the rotating belt 9. Things. The moving object on the rotating belt 9 is
Since the small and large objects are sieved by the sieving device 4, the small non-ferrous metal does not beneath the large non-magnetic material (such as plastic) or hide behind, so that the rotating belt 9 can be securely rotated. It is skipped far from the end.
Further, a non-magnetic material such as plastic falls almost directly below the rotating belt 9. The non-ferrous metals and non-magnetic materials sorted by the non-ferrous metal sorters 6 and 7 are transferred to a non-ferrous metal stock yard H and a non-magnetic material stock yard P by transfer means (not shown). .
【００１４】上記の説明では、篩下物と篩上物をそれぞ
れ別の非鉄金属選別機を用い選別しているが、非鉄金属
選別機を１台とすることもできる。この場合は、回転ベ
ルト９の上に、篩下物用ゾーンと篩上物用ゾーンとに仕
切るための仕切板を設け、回転ベルト９の上面を送り方
向に沿って２分して篩下物と篩上物をそれぞれのゾーン
に導入すればよい。また、篩装置４としては傾斜振動型
のものを用いて説明したが、所定のサイズを基準とし
て、それよりも小さな物と大きな物とに分けることがで
きればよいので、これ以外の、例えば回転ドラム式スク
リーン型などの篩装置を用いることができる。さらに、
非鉄金属選別機としては渦電流型の非鉄金属選別機を用
いて説明したが、リニアモータ型の非鉄金属選別機を用
いることも可能である。In the above description, the sieved material and the sieved material are sorted using different non-ferrous metal sorters, but one non-ferrous metal sorter may be used. In this case, a partition plate is provided on the rotating belt 9 for separating into a zone for sifted material and a zone for sifted material. And the sieve material may be introduced into each zone. Also, the description has been made using the inclined vibration type as the sieving apparatus 4. However, it is sufficient that the sieve apparatus 4 can be divided into smaller ones and larger ones based on a predetermined size. A screen device such as a screen type can be used. further,
Although an eddy current type non-ferrous metal sorter has been described as the non-ferrous metal sorter, a linear motor type non-ferrous metal sorter may be used.
【００１５】次に、上記と異なる実施形態について図２
を参照して説明する。なお、この実施形態においても上
記実施形態と同じ構造の部分があるので、重複をさける
ため、同じ部分には同一符号を付記するとともに、その
説明を省略する。図２において、１０は、廃家電製品を
粗破砕物に破砕する粗破砕機、１１は粗破砕物を破砕機
１に移送するためのコンベヤである。Next, an embodiment different from the above will be described with reference to FIG.
This will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, in this embodiment, since there is a portion having the same structure as that of the above-described embodiment, the same reference numeral is given to the same portion and its description is omitted to avoid duplication. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 10 denotes a coarse crusher for crushing waste home appliances into coarse crushed materials, and reference numeral 11 denotes a conveyor for transferring the coarse crushed materials to the crusher 1.
【００１６】篩装置には、選別機として風力併用型篩装
置１２が用いられており、篩上物の下方から、空気を送
るための送風機１３と、該空気と篩上物中の浮遊性軽量
物を吸引するための吸引ダクト１４が設けられている。
また、吸引ダクト１４は、捕集機１５を介して排風機１
６に接続されている。なお、１７は捕集機で捕集された
捕集物を減容するための減容機である。The sieve device employs a wind-force type sieve device 12 as a sorter. A blower 13 for sending air from below the sifted material, and a buoyant light and light air in the sifted material. A suction duct 14 for sucking an object is provided.
Further, the suction duct 14 is connected to the exhaust fan 1 via the collector 15.
6 is connected. Reference numeral 17 denotes a volume reducer for reducing the volume of the collected matter collected by the collector.
【００１７】この実施の形態の作用を説明する。まず、
粗破砕機１０により廃家電製品を粗破砕して粗破砕物と
することで破砕効率を高めている。この粗破砕機１０で
は、粗破砕物の大半（重量で８０％以上）は、１５０ｍ
ｍの篩目を通過できるサイズにまで破砕され、最大寸法
としては３００ｍｍ程度のものが含まれている。The operation of this embodiment will be described. First,
The crushing efficiency is enhanced by coarsely crushing the waste home appliances by the coarse crusher 10 to obtain a coarsely crushed product. In this coarse crusher 10, most of the coarse crushed material (80% or more by weight) is 150 m
It is crushed to a size that can pass through a m-size sieve, and includes a maximum size of about 300 mm.
【００１８】この粗破砕物は、コンベヤ１１により前記
と同様の破砕機１に送られて破砕される。なお、コンベ
ヤ１１上で、自動選別が困難な電気コード（銅線）等の
異物や、モータ等の重量物を手選別で回収除去するのが
好ましい。The coarse crushed material is sent to the crusher 1 similar to the above by the conveyor 11 and crushed. In addition, it is preferable to manually collect and remove foreign matter such as an electric cord (copper wire) and a heavy object such as a motor which are difficult to automatically sort on the conveyor 11.
【００１９】破砕機１により破砕された破砕物は、風力
併用型篩装置１２に送られる。そして、スクリーン５を
通過した篩下物は、一方の非鉄金属選別機６に送られ
る。また、スクリーン５を通過しなかった篩上物は、送
風機１３からの上昇空気の作用を受ける。この作用によ
り、篩上物中の浮遊性軽量物が浮遊して空気とともに吸
引ダクト１４に吸い込まれる。この浮遊性物質の大半
は、発泡プラスチックであり、捕集機１５で捕集された
後、減容機にて溶融され、図示を省略した移送手段によ
り減容物のストックヤードＰ’に保管される。The crushed material crushed by the crushing machine 1 is sent to a sieve device 12 combined with wind power. Then, the sieved material that has passed through the screen 5 is sent to one non-ferrous metal sorter 6. The sieve on the screen that has not passed through the screen 5 is subjected to the action of the rising air from the blower 13. By this action, the floating lightweight material in the sieve material floats and is sucked into the suction duct 14 together with the air. Most of the floating substance is foamed plastic, and after being collected by the collector 15 is melted by a volume reducer and stored in a stock yard P 'of the reduced volume by a transfer means (not shown). You.
【００２０】浮遊性軽量物が除去された篩上物は、磁力
選別機８により混入していた鉄系金属が除去（回収）さ
れた後、他方の非鉄金属選別機７に送られる。このよう
にして、上記実施形態の場合と同様に、篩下物と篩上物
はそれぞれ別の非鉄金属選別処理を受ける。この時、浮
遊性軽量物が除去されているので、非鉄金属の選別精度
が高くなる。The sieved material from which the floatable lightweight material has been removed is sent to the other non-ferrous metal sorter 7 after the ferrous metal mixed in by the magnetic sorter 8 is removed (recovered). In this way, as in the case of the above embodiment, the sieved material and the sieved material are subjected to different non-ferrous metal sorting processes. At this time, since the floating lightweight material has been removed, the sorting accuracy of the non-ferrous metal is increased.
【００２１】図３は、上記処理装置を備えた処理プラン
トの具体例を表すもので、この処理プラントは、破砕用
のラインとして比較的低速の破砕機１のみを用いるＡラ
インと、粗破砕機１０と破砕機１とを用いるＢラインと
が設けられている。Ａラインは例えば冷蔵庫等を破砕す
るためのラインで、Ｂラインは例えば洗濯機、エアコン
等を破砕するためのラインである。図中の２０は投入コ
ンベヤ、２１供給フィーダー、２２は破砕機用の保全ホ
イスト、２５は破砕機で破砕された破砕物をコンベヤ上
に排出する排出コンベヤである。FIG. 3 shows a specific example of a processing plant equipped with the above-mentioned processing apparatus. This processing plant includes an A line using only a relatively low-speed crusher 1 as a crushing line, and a coarse crusher. 10 and a B line using the crusher 1 are provided. The A line is a line for crushing a refrigerator or the like, for example, and the B line is a line for crushing a washing machine or an air conditioner, for example. In the drawing, reference numeral 20 denotes an input conveyor, 21 a feeder, 22 a maintenance hoist for a crusher, and 25 a discharge conveyor for discharging crushed materials crushed by the crusher onto the conveyor.
【００２２】Ａラインの破砕物はコンベヤ２によって直
接選別機（風力併用型篩装置）１２に供給される。一
方、Ｂラインの粗破砕機１０で破砕された粗破砕物は、
破砕物搬出コンベヤ２７によって破砕機１に送られる
が、その間に作業者による手選によって、モータ等の重
量物やコード等の異物が取り除かれる。Ｂラインの破砕
機１によって破砕された破砕物は、排出コンベヤ２５か
ら破砕物第１コンベヤ３０に移され、さらに破砕物第２
コンベヤ３１で移送されるが、その間に磁力選別機３で
鉄等の磁性物が選別される。選別された磁性物は第１の
鉄分コンベヤ３３と第２の鉄分コンベヤ３４によって鉄
分ストックヤードＦに貯蔵される。磁力選別機３によっ
て鉄分が除去された破砕物は、選別機（風力併用型篩装
置）１２に供給される。The crushed material of the A line is directly supplied to the sorter (wind-type sieve device) 12 by the conveyor 2. On the other hand, the coarsely crushed material crushed by the coarse crusher 10 of the B line is:
The crushed material is conveyed to the crusher 1 by the crushed material carry-out conveyor 27, and during that time, heavy objects such as motors and foreign matters such as cords are removed by manual selection by an operator. The crushed material crushed by the crusher 1 of the B line is transferred from the discharge conveyor 25 to the crushed material first conveyor 30, and further crushed by the crushed material second.
While being conveyed by the conveyor 31, a magnetic material such as iron is sorted by the magnetic force sorter 3 during that time. The sorted magnetic materials are stored in the iron stock yard F by the first iron conveyor 33 and the second iron conveyor 34. The crushed material from which iron has been removed by the magnetic force sorter 3 is supplied to a sorter (wind sieve device) 12.
【００２３】選別機１２は風力を併用する風力併用型篩
装置であり、斜め上下に振動するスクリーン５により、
破砕物がサイズの大きい篩上とサイズの小さい篩下に選
別される。また、風力により篩上物から浮遊性軽量物を
除去（選別）する。この選別機１２には、篩上物から鉄
分を回収する磁力選別機８が付設されており、回収され
た鉄分は、前記鉄分ストックヤードＦに送られる。な
お、篩下物の鉄分を回収する磁力選別機が設けられるこ
ともある。The sorter 12 is a sieve device combined with a wind force that also uses a wind force.
The crushed material is sorted on a large sieve and below a small sieve. In addition, floatable lightweight materials are removed (sorted) from the sieve material by wind power. The separator 12 is provided with a magnetic separator 8 for collecting iron from the sieve material, and the collected iron is sent to the iron stock yard F. In some cases, a magnetic separator for recovering the iron content of the sieved material may be provided.
【００２４】選別機１２によって選別された破砕物のう
ち大きなもの（篩上）は第２の非鉄金属選別機７に送ら
れ、小さなもの（篩下）は第１の非鉄金属選別機６に送
られて、それぞれ別々に選別される。非鉄金属選別機に
よって選別された非鉄金属は、非鉄金属用コンベヤ３５
によって非鉄金属ストックヤードＨに運び込まれ、非鉄
金属以外の破砕物（おもにプラスチック）はプラスチッ
クコンベヤ３６によってプラスチックストックヤ−ドＰ
に運び込まれる。Among the crushed materials sorted by the sorter 12, large ones (on the sieve) are sent to the second non-ferrous metal sorter 7, and small ones (under the sieve) are sent to the first non-ferrous metal sorter 6. And sorted separately. The non-ferrous metal sorted by the non-ferrous metal sorter is transferred to the non-ferrous metal conveyor 35.
Is transported to the non-ferrous metal stock yard H, and the crushed materials (mainly plastic) other than the non-ferrous metal are removed by the plastic conveyor 36 by the plastic conveyor 36.
It is carried to.
【００２５】一方、この処理プラントにはそれぞれ排風
機１６を備えたサイクロン式の集塵機（捕集機）４０，
４１，４２が複数組設けられている。第１の集塵機４０
の吸引ダクト１４，…は前記選別機１２に取り付けられ
ていて、該選別機で発生する浮遊性軽量物を吸引除去す
る。吸引された浮遊性軽量物はサイクロンの排出口に設
けられたウレタンコンベヤ３７で定量供給機４５に送り
込まれ、該定量供給機によって定量ずつ減容機１７に供
給され、そこで溶融減容されて減容物ストックヤード
Ｐ’に送り込まれる。なお、分離された空気は排風機１
６によってサイレンサ４７を通して大気中に放出され
る。On the other hand, this processing plant has a cyclone type dust collector (collector) 40,
A plurality of sets 41 and 42 are provided. First dust collector 40
Are attached to the sorting machine 12, and suck and remove the floating light-weight materials generated in the sorting machine. The sucked floating lightweight material is sent to a fixed-quantity feeder 45 by a urethane conveyor 37 provided at the outlet of the cyclone, and is supplied to the volume reducing machine 17 by the fixed-quantity feeder, where it is melted and reduced in volume. It is sent to the container stockyard P '. The separated air is supplied to the exhaust fan 1
6 through the silencer 47 to the atmosphere.
【００２６】第２の集塵機４１の吸引ダクト１４，…
は、前記Ａラインの破砕機１の入口と出口の付近、及び
前記減容機４６の出口付近に設けられている。そして、
Ａラインの破砕機１で発生する可燃性ガスやフロン等の
ガスを浮遊性軽量物とともに吸引し、集塵機４１で浮遊
性軽量物とガスとを分離し、浮遊性軽量物は前記ウレタ
ンコンベヤ３７へ、ガスはサイレンサ４７を通して図示
を省略したガス処理装置（例えばフロン回収装置等）へ
供給される。The suction ducts 14 of the second dust collector 41,...
Are provided near the inlet and outlet of the crusher 1 of the A-line and near the outlet of the volume reducer 46. And
A gas such as flammable gas or chlorofluorocarbon generated in the crusher 1 of the A line is sucked together with the buoyant lightweight material, and the buoyant lightweight material is separated from the gas by the dust collector 41. The buoyant lightweight material is transferred to the urethane conveyor 37. The gas is supplied through a silencer 47 to a gas processing device (for example, a CFC recovery device or the like) not shown.
【００２７】また、第３の集塵機４２の吸引ダクト１
４，…は、Ｂラインの粗破砕機１９と破砕機１の入口と
出口、コンベヤ２７の手選別作業位置、及び前記磁力選
別機３に付設され、粗破砕機１９と破砕機１及び磁力選
別機３で発生する浮遊性軽量物を回収して収容容器（フ
レコンパック）Ｙに収容する。分離された空気は排風機
１６によりサイレンサ４７を通して大気中に放出され
る。The suction duct 1 of the third dust collector 42
4,... Are provided at the inlet and outlet of the coarse crusher 19 and the crusher 1 of the B line, the hand sorting work position of the conveyor 27, and the magnetic separator 3 and are provided with the coarse crusher 19, the crusher 1, and the magnetic separator. The floating lightweight material generated in the machine 3 is collected and stored in a storage container (flexible pack) Y. The separated air is discharged into the atmosphere by the exhaust fan 16 through the silencer 47.
【００２８】この処理プラントによれば、種々の使用済
み家電製品を破砕して、その破砕物を鉄系金属、非鉄金
属、プラスチック等に分離して回収することができる。
また、浮遊性軽量物やガスも回収することができるの
で、環境汚染等の問題に対しても効果的である。この処
理プラントを廃ＯＡ機器等の処理に使用することができ
ることは言うまでもない。According to this processing plant, various used home electric appliances can be crushed, and the crushed materials can be separated and collected into ferrous metals, non-ferrous metals, plastics and the like.
In addition, since a floating light substance and a gas can also be recovered, it is effective for problems such as environmental pollution. It goes without saying that this processing plant can be used for processing waste OA equipment and the like.
【００２９】[0029]
【発明の効果】以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明
にかかる廃家電製品の処理装置は、非鉄金属選別処理を
行う工程で、大きな破砕物と小さな破砕物を篩分けし、
大きな破砕物と小さな破砕物とを別々に選別するので、
小さな非鉄金属片でも非磁性物に邪魔されずに収率よく
回収することが可能となった。以上の説明では、専ら廃
棄された家電製品の処理について述べたが、この装置を
他の工業製品の選別処理に好適に使用できることは明ら
かである。As is clear from the above description, the processing apparatus for waste household electrical appliances according to the present invention, in the process of sorting non-ferrous metals, screens large crushed materials and small crushed materials,
Since large crushed materials and small crushed materials are sorted separately,
Even small non-ferrous metal pieces can be recovered in good yield without being disturbed by non-magnetic substances. Although the above description has dealt exclusively with the treatment of household electrical appliances that have been discarded, it is clear that this device can be suitably used for sorting other industrial products.
【図１】本発明の１実施形態を表す概略正面図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic front view illustrating an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】上記と異なる実施形態を表す概略正面図であ
る。FIG. 2 is a schematic front view showing an embodiment different from the above.
【図３】廃家電製品の選別処理プラントを例示するブロ
ック図である。FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a waste electric home appliance sorting processing plant.
【図４】従来の処理装置による選別処理方法のフローチ
ャートである。FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a sorting processing method by a conventional processing apparatus.
１ 破砕機 ２ コンベヤ ３ 磁力選別機 ４ 篩装置 ５ スクリーン ６ 非鉄金属選別機 ７ 非鉄金属選別機 ８ 磁力選別機 ９ 回転ベルト １０ 粗破砕機 １１ コンベヤ １２ 風力併用型篩装置 １３ 送風機 １４ 吸引ダクト １５ 捕集機 １６ 排風機 １７ 減容機 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Crusher 2 Conveyor 3 Magnetic separator 4 Screening device 5 Screen 6 Nonferrous metal separator 7 Nonferrous metal separator 8 Magnetic separator 9 Rotating belt 10 Coarse crusher 11 Conveyor 12 Combined wind-type sieve device 13 Blower 14 Suction duct 15 Capture Collector 16 Blower 17 Volume reducer
Claims (2)
と、破砕物から磁性物を除去する磁力選別機と、磁性物
が除去された破砕物を、篩上物と篩下物とに分離する篩
装置と、該篩装置によって分離された篩上物と篩下物と
を別々に処理して非鉄金属を除去する非鉄金属選別機と
を備えたことを特徴とする廃家電製品の処理装置。1. A crusher for crushing waste home appliances into crushed materials, a magnetic separator for removing magnetic materials from the crushed materials, and a crushed material from which the magnetic materials have been removed are separated into upper and lower sieve materials. Disposal of household electrical appliances, comprising: a sieve device for separating, and a non-ferrous metal sorter for separately processing the upper and lower sieves separated by the sieve device to remove non-ferrous metal. apparatus.
る風力併用型篩装置である請求項１に記載の廃家電製品
の処理装置。2. The waste home appliance treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the sieving apparatus is a combined use type wind sieving apparatus capable of removing a floatable lightweight material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000040192A JP3579883B2 (en) | 2000-02-17 | 2000-02-17 | Waste home appliances processing equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000040192A JP3579883B2 (en) | 2000-02-17 | 2000-02-17 | Waste home appliances processing equipment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2001225020A true JP2001225020A (en) | 2001-08-21 |
| JP3579883B2 JP3579883B2 (en) | 2004-10-20 |
Family
ID=18563621
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000040192A Expired - Fee Related JP3579883B2 (en) | 2000-02-17 | 2000-02-17 | Waste home appliances processing equipment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3579883B2 (en) |
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