JP2002194448A - Method for recovering metal from electronic or electric parts with resin - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for recovering metal from electronic or electric parts with resin in which values metal such as gold, silver and copper can be sorted, and efficiently recovered. SOLUTION: This recovering method comprises a crushing step for crushing the electronic or electric parts with resin into pieces having the size of <=10 mm, a dust-collecting step for collecting the dust generated in the crushing step, a first magnetic force sorting step for sorting the crushed stuff generated in the crushing step into magnetic stuff and non-magnetic stuff with the magnetic force of 100-2,000 Gauss by a magnetic sorting machine, a second magnetic force sorting step for sorting the dust collected in the dust-collecting step into magnetic stuff and non-magnetic stuff with the magnetic force of 100-2,000 Gauss by a magnetic force sorting machine, and a second screening step for screening the non-magnetic stuff obtained in the second magnetic force sorting step. The magnetic stuff obtained in the first and second magnetic force sorting steps and the undersized stuff obtained in the second screening step are mixed to be briquetted, and treated by a copper refining furnace to obtain valued metal.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for recovering valuable metals from electronic and electrical parts with resin, such as home electric appliances and OA equipment.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, wastes such as home electric appliances and OA equipment have been buried as they are or buried after incineration, and at present, valuable metals contained therein are hardly used. Regarding OA equipment, the recovery of precious metals used for connectors has been partially commercialized, but it has been done manually and not systematized.

[0003]

According to the Home Appliance Recycling Law enforced in 2001, manufacturers are obliged to recycle waste items for four types of home appliances, and other electric and electronic devices will be added in the future. There is a movement to be done. As described above, there is a strong demand for recycling of home electric appliances and OA equipment, but at present, a method for efficiently recycling has not yet been provided. Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a method for collecting metals from resin-attached electronic / electric parts that can efficiently collect valuable metals such as gold, silver, copper and nickel. It is intended to provide.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, there is provided a method for recovering a metal from an electronic / electric part with resin according to the present invention, comprising the steps of: crushing an electronic / electric part with resin to a size of 10 mm or less; And a crushed material generated in the crushing step by a magnetic separator.
A first magnetic separation step for separating magnetic and non-magnetic substances at 0 Gauss; and a magnetic separation apparatus for separating dust collected in the dust collection step into magnetic and non-magnetic substances at 100 to 2000 Gauss. A magnetic material obtained in the first and second magnetic force sorting steps, and a second sieving step for sieving the non-magnetic material obtained in the second magnetic force sorting step. It is characterized in that valuable metals are obtained by mixing and briquetting with the undergarment obtained in (1) and treating it in a wrought copper furnace.

[0005] In the system for recovering metals from electronic and electric parts with resin, the most bottleneck is the separation of resin. If this is insufficient, black smoke-like exhaust gas is generated when melting in a wrought copper furnace. Environmental problems. It has been found that in order to prevent the generation of black smoke-like exhaust gas, the content of the resin component in the raw material to be charged into the wrought copper furnace needs to be at most about 15% by weight. Electronic with resin of the present invention
In a method for recovering metal from electrical components (hereinafter simply referred to as a method for recovering metal), the crushed raw material is separated into crushed materials and dust by a crushing step and a dust collecting step, and the first and second materials are separated. Since the magnetic separation step is performed, the resin can be efficiently separated. Furthermore, the present invention includes a second sieving step of sieving non-magnetic substances in dust. Among the dusts, small ones have a high metal content, so that they are selected as net products and used for briquetting, so that the quality of the metal can be improved. Thereby, the processing efficiency in the wrought copper furnace can be improved, and the generation of black smoke-like exhaust gas can be prevented beforehand.

Here, in the present invention, the magnetic flux density in the first and second magnetic force separation steps is 100 to 2000 Gauss. This means that for magnetic flux densities less than 100 Gauss, gold,
Recovery efficiency of precious metals such as silver and copper decreases,
This is because the recovery efficiency does not improve so much even when it exceeds 00 Gauss.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. Crushing process The printed circuit board is removed from the waste OA equipment and the home electric appliances, and is put into a crushing device and crushed to 10 mm or less. The crushing device preferably has a structure in which the raw material is subjected to impact crushing at the upper portion of the device and slidingly crushed at the lower portion of the device to finely divide the crushed material.
It is better to crush to about 0.2 mm.

Dust Collection Step Since the printed circuit board is finely crushed as described above, a large amount of dust is generated. Since valuable metal is also contained in this dust, the inside of the crusher is sucked through a duct,
For example, dust is collected by a dust collector such as a cyclone or a bag filter.

First magnetic separation step Magnetic separation is performed on the raw material left in the crushing apparatus. First
As the magnetic force sorting machine in the magnetic force sorting step, one having a structure as shown in FIG. 5 is suitably used. The magnetic separator shown in this figure is
A rotating drum 71 having permanent magnets disposed around the periphery of the casing 70 and a partition 72 disposed below the rotating drum 71 are conveyed from above the casing 70 by a belt conveyor 73 and dropped. Raw material M
Among them, the non-magnetic substance M1 is dropped to the front side of the partition 72, and the magnetic substance A is dropped to the other side of the partition.

Second magnetic separation step The magnetic separation is performed on the dust collected in the dust collection step.
It is desirable that the second magnetic force sorting step performed on dust be performed with higher accuracy than the first magnetic force sorting step. In this case, a magnetic force sorter that conveys a material by a lower belt conveyor and sorts magnetic force by S and N poles of permanent magnets alternately arranged on a belt of an upper belt conveyor is suitable. Then, the magnetic substance B is sorted by the second magnetic force sorting step. In the second magnetic force sorting step, S
It is also possible to use a drum type magnetic separator in which poles and N poles are alternately arranged.

First sieving step It is desirable to carry out a first sieving step of sieving the non-magnetic material obtained in the first magnetic separation step with a sieving machine. Specifically, in the first sieving step, a product of less than 2 mm, 2 mm or more and 3 m
The product is sieved into a product of less than m, a product of 3 mm or more and less than 5 mm, and a product of 5 mm or more and less than 10 mm. It has been empirically found that small and large pieces of crushed material contain a large amount of metal. Therefore, 2 mm obtained in the first sieving process
It is desirable to mix less than product C and less than 5 mm and less than 10 mm product D into briquette material.

FIGS. 2 and 3 show an example of a sieving machine suitable for the first sieving step. The sieving machine shown in these figures has a sieving container 20 mounted on a vibrator 10. As shown in FIG. 3, a lower frame 30, an intermediate lower frame 40, and an intermediate upper frame 5 are provided inside the sieving container 20.
The lower net 35, the intermediate net 45, and the upper net 55 are interposed therebetween. FIG. 3 shows three types of nets 35,
According to 45 and 55, the raw material is sieved into four types of sizes, large, medium, small and minute.

Second sieving step Since non-magnetic substances separated from the dust contain valuable metals, metals are sorted in the second sieving step. The sieving machine in this case is preferably provided with a mesh of 30 to 100 mesh, and the net product E is used as a raw material for briquetting.

First and Second Wind Separation Steps Since valuable metals are contained in the products of 2 mm or more and less than 3 mm and in the products of 3 mm or more and less than 5 mm obtained in the first sieving step, the wind power is separated for each raw material of each size. It is preferable that the material is separated into a heavy material and a light material by performing sorting, and the obtained heavy material F is mixed with the material of the briquette to form a briquette. FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view schematically showing a wind power sorting device suitably used in the first and second wind power sorting processes. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a tower body, and inside the tower body 1, there is provided a flow path 2 which is bent in a zigzag manner in a vertical direction. A raw material inlet 3 is provided at an upper end of the flow path 2, and an air inlet 4 is provided at a lower end of the flow path 2. A cyclone, a bag filter, and a fan are connected to the upper end of the tower 1 in this order. In this wind separation apparatus, air is introduced from the air inlet 4 by sucking air with a fan, and non-magnetic material of crushed material of 2 mm or more and less than 3 mm or 3 mm or more and less than 5 mm is introduced from the material inlet. I do. Thereby, while the heavy object falls along the flow path 2, the light object is sucked up. In addition, the sucked lightweight material is collected by a cyclone and a bag filter. In the first wind separation step, heavy objects in which the metal is concentrated are selected from the lower part of the tower 1 among the products of 3 mm or more and less than 5 mm, and in the second wind separation step, 2 mm or more and 3 m
Among the products of less than m, heavy materials in which the metal is concentrated are sorted at the lower part of the tower 1. The cyclone and the bag filter are separated from the resin in which the resin is concentrated.

As described above, the magnetic substance A obtained in the first magnetic separation step, the magnetic substance B obtained in the second magnetic separation step,
The product C of less than 2 mm and the product D of 5 mm or more and less than 10 mm obtained in the first sieving process, the under-net product E obtained in the second sieving process, the heavy material F obtained in the first and second wind screening processes are: , Mixed and aggregated and processed in a wrought copper furnace. Briquette is a process of adding a suitable water and binder to a raw material, compressing the raw material, and forming the raw material into a predetermined mass. Slag and blister copper are generated by putting the briquette mineral into a wrought copper furnace and melting it, and valuable metals such as gold, silver, copper, and nickel are refined by electrorefining the blister copper. The wrought copper furnace includes a PS converter used in copper smelting and a C furnace used in the MI method.

[0016]

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. Crushing Step In the crushing step, 20 kg of a printed circuit board made of a metal component shown in Table 1 was charged into a crushing apparatus and crushed.

[0017]

[Table 1]

Dust Collection Step The dust generated in the crushing step was collected by a cyclone and a bag filter. Table 2 shows the components of the collected dust, and Table 3 shows the components of the crushed material left in the crusher. In the table, the distribution ratio indicates the weight ratio of each component distributed to the crusher, the cyclone, and the bag filter.

[0019]

[Table 2]

[0020]

[Table 3]

First Magnetic Separation Step Magnetic separation was performed on the raw material left in the crushing apparatus. For this magnetic force separation, a drum type magnetic separator was used. The magnetic force at that time was set to 1500 Gauss. Table 4 shows the components of the magnetic material obtained in the first magnetic force sorting step, and Table 5 shows the components of the non-magnetic material.

[0022]

[Table 4]

[0023]

[Table 5]

Second magnetic separation step Magnetic separation was performed on the dust. In this magnetic separation,
Use a belt conveyor type dry magnetic separator and set the magnetic force at that time to 5
00 Gauss. Table 6 shows the components of the magnetic substance obtained in the second magnetic force sorting step, and Table 7 shows the components of the non-magnetic substance.

[0025]

[Table 6]

[0026]

[Table 7]

First sieving step The non-magnetic material obtained in the first magnetic separation step was sieved by a sieving machine. In this first sieving step, a product of less than 2 mm, 2 m
The product was sieved into a product of m or more and less than 3 mm, a product of 3 mm or more and less than 5 mm, and a product of 5 mm or more and less than 10 mm. The components are shown in Tables 8-11.

[0028]

[Table 8]

[0029]

[Table 9]

[0030]

[Table 10]

[0031]

[Table 11]

Second sieving step The non-magnetic material separated from the dust was sieved. In the sieving machine used in the second sieving step, a 50-mesh net was used. Tables 12 and 13 show the components of the on-screen product and the under-screen product after the second sieving step, respectively.

[0033]

[Table 12]

[0034]

[Table 13]

First Air Separation Step The first air separation step was performed on the product obtained in the first sieving step, which was 3 mm or more and less than 5 mm, using the air separation apparatus shown in FIG. Table 14 shows the components of the heavy materials under the tower where the metals were concentrated after the wind separation, and Table 15 shows the components on the cyclone and bag filter side where the resin components were concentrated.

[0036]

[Table 14]

[0037]

[Table 15]

Second Wind Separation Step A second wind separation step was performed on the product obtained in the first sieving step and having a size of 2 mm or more and less than 3 mm using the wind separation apparatus shown in FIG. Table 16 shows the components of the heavy material under the tower where the metal was concentrated after the wind separation, and Table 17 shows the components on the cyclone and bag filter side where the resin component was concentrated.

[0039]

[Table 16]

[0040]

[Table 17]

The magnetic substance (No. 1) obtained in the first magnetic force sorting step and the magnetic substance (No. 9) obtained in the second magnetic force sorting step were obtained in the first screening step. No more than 2mm (No. 8) and 5mm or more and less than 10mm (N
o. 3), the undergarment obtained in the second screening step (No.
12), the weights (Nos. 4, 6) obtained in the first and second wind separation processes were mixed and aggregated. Table 18 shows the components of the metal concentrate supplied to the briquette, and Table 19 shows the components of the separated resin concentrates (Nos. 5, 7, and 11).

[0042]

[Table 18]

[0043]

[Table 19]

As can be seen from Tables 18 and 19, an extremely large amount of valuable metal was recovered from the metal concentrate, and the resin grade was 10.4% by weight. This raw material was put into a copper converter and melted to obtain blister copper, which could be operated without any problem.

[0045]

As described above, in the metal recovery method according to the present invention, the operation of the wrought copper furnace is not hindered.
An effect is obtained in that valuable metals such as gold, silver and copper can be sorted and efficiently collected.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing steps in embodiments and examples of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an entire sieving machine suitable for use in the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a mesh body and the like of the sieving machine.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a wind power sorting device used in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing a drum type magnetic separator suitable for use in the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 71 Rotary drum 72 Partition 73 Belt conveyor A Magnetic material M Raw material M1 Non-magnetic material

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) B07B 4/02 B07B 4/02 9/00 9/00 A B09B 3/00 B09B 3/00 301Z 301 C22B 1 / 14 5/00 ZAB 1/248 C22B 1/14 7/00 A 1/248 11/00 7/00 15/00 // C22B 11/00 B09B 3/00 Z 15/00 5/00 ZABC F-term ( Reference) 4D004 AA22 BA05 CA04 CA08 CA09 CA12 CA14 CA15 CA29 DA03 DA20 4D021 AA03 CA07 CB11 DA13 EA10 EB01 FA02 GA04 GA13 GB01 HA10 4K001 AA01 AA04 AA09 BA22 CA01 CA04 CA25

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A crushing step for crushing an electronic / electric part with resin into a size of 10 mm or less, a dust collecting step for collecting dust generated in the crushing step, and a crushed material generated in the crushing step. A first magnetic separation step of separating magnetic and non-magnetic substances at 100 to 2,000 gauss by a magnetic separator, and dust collected in the dust collection step by a magnetic separator.
The second to sort magnetic and non-magnetic materials at ~ 2000 Gauss
A magnetic force sorting step, and a second screening step of sieving the non-magnetic material obtained in the second magnetic force sorting step, wherein the magnetic material obtained in the first and second magnetic force sorting steps and the second sieve A method of recovering metal from electronic and electrical parts with resin, comprising mixing and briquetting products obtained in a separate process, briquetting the mixture, and treating it with a wrought copper furnace to obtain valuable metals. 2. The non-magnetic material obtained in the first magnetic separation step is a product of less than 2 mm, a product of 2 mm or more and less than 3 mm, a product of 3 mm or more and less than 5 mm, and a product of 5 mm or more and less than 10 mm by a sieving machine.
a first sieving step of sieving into products having a size of less than 2 m
The method for recovering metal from an electronic / electric part with resin according to claim 1, wherein a product having a diameter of less than m is mixed with the material of the briquette to form briquette. 3. A first and second wind turbines each of which separates a product of 2 mm or more and less than 3 mm and a product of 3 mm or more and less than 5 mm obtained in the first sieving process into a heavy material and a light material by a specific gravity separation method such as a wind separation. A sorting step, and the first and second
The method for recovering metal from an electronic / electric component with resin according to claim 2, wherein a heavy material obtained by a wind separation process is mixed with the material of the briquette to form briquette. 4. The magnetic separation machine of the first magnetic separation step, which is performed before the first screening step, performs a magnetic separation by a permanent magnet disposed on a drum, and performs a magnetic separation before the second screening step. In the second magnetic force sorting step, the magnetic force sorting machine conveys the material by the lower belt conveyor and performs magnetic force sorting by the S pole and the N pole of the permanent magnet alternately arranged on the belt of the upper belt conveyor. Claims 1-3
The method for recovering metal from electronic and electrical parts with resin according to any one of the above. 5. The magnetic force sorting machine of the first magnetic force sorting process, which is performed before the first screening process, performs a magnetic force sorting by a permanent magnet arranged on a drum, and performs a magnetic force sorting before the second screening process. The resin separator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the magnetic separator in the second magnetic separator is a magnetic separator using a permanent magnet in which S poles and N poles are alternately arranged on a drum. A method for recovering metals from electronic and electrical components.