JPH08189296A - Over-cutter device of hard rock tunnel excavating machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To over-cut a hard rock ground effectively. CONSTITUTION: On the periphery of a cutter head 24, a roller cutter 35 for over-cutting is installed, which can be displaced in swings by a hydraulic cylinder centering on a supporting shaft furnished on the side with the working face. In the projecting condition, the tip of the cutting edge is located on the extension of a locus 34 formed by a stationary roller cutter 33. In the accommodated condition in which the cylinder is contracted, the roller cutter for over- cutting 35 is retracted into the cutter head 24 and is free from wear.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an overcutter device provided for a curved rock excavation machine of a hard rock tunnel excavator (TBM) for excavating a tunnel by crushing rock on a hard rock ground.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a shield machine has been used to excavate a tunnel without excavation in the ground. In a shield machine that excavates a tunnel on soft ground, while constructing a tunnel wall behind it, press the end face of the tunnel wall with a shield jack, and use the reaction force to generate thrust to move forward. I have to. In a hard rock tunnel excavator that excavates hard rock, the ground surface itself of the excavated tunnel is strong, so the ground itself can be used as a support for forward movement. For this reason, in a hard rock tunnel excavator, there are three parts, a slide part that accommodates a retractable slide jack, and a front body part and a rear body part that are connected by the slide part and that can independently hold the machine body with respect to the bedrock. It consists of two parts. On the other hand, in a shield excavator for soft ground, the shield jack presses the end face of the assembled tunnel wall to generate forward thrust, so there is no body holding part and the overall length is compared to a hard rock tunnel excavator. And become shorter.

Shield excavators and tunnel excavators for hard rocks are generally cylindrical in shape, and in order to go straight, it is sufficient to excavate a tunnel having a diameter substantially equal to the cross-sectional shape, but in order to bend, a cross-sectional shape is required. It is necessary to excavate a larger diameter tunnel. Also, the longer the machine length, the larger the excavation diameter is required. In a shield machine for soft ground, such a turning machine may be used, for example, in order to prevent such a turn.
A tea-scatter-type overcutter for removing soft ground, which is disclosed in 200797, is used. In this prior art, the overcutter can be projected and retracted radially outward from the cutter wheel on the front surface of the cylindrical shield body. However, when the ground to be excavated becomes hard, sufficient excavation cannot be performed simply by protruding the tea scatter outward in the radial direction. If the ground is flexible, overcutting can be performed by simply protruding the tea cutter and scraping the ground, but for hard ground, it is necessary to compress and crush the ground with the blade edge of the roller cutter provided at regular intervals. However, overcut cannot be performed simply by protruding the cutter.

FIG. 7 shows a prior art of an overcutter device of a shield machine using a roller cutter. This prior art is disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 61-6598. The inclined roller cutter 2 that can be oscillated about the support shaft 1 is
Both ends of the rotary shaft are supported by the holder 3 and arranged on the outer peripheral side of the cutter head 4. Most of the holding body 3 is housed in the groove 5 of the cutter head 4, and when the hydraulic cylinder 6 pushes the holding body 3 forward 7, the holding body 3 swings and displaces around the support shaft 1 and is indicated by a solid line. As shown, the inclined roller cutter 2 projects outward 8 and an overcut amount V is obtained. When not performing overcut, the hydraulic cylinder 6 contracts,
The inclined roller cutter 2 is located at the position indicated by the chain double-dashed line, the overcut amount V becomes 0, and the inclined roller cutter 2 moves forward 7
Used for excavation.

[0005]

The overcutter device according to the prior art shown in FIG. 7 cannot take a large overcut amount V. This is because the overcut amount V is determined by the tilt angle of the tilt roller cutter 2, and the overcut amount V cannot be increased unless the tilt is increased. Even if the inclination is increased, the bearing provided inside the inclined roller cutter 2 does not change because the pressing force does not change. Therefore, the small diameter side of the cutter has the same size,
Larger only on the large diameter side. When the large diameter side becomes large, the cutter holding body 3 also becomes large and cannot be attached to the peripheral portion of the cutter head 4. This prior art is a shield machine and its overall length is shorter than that of a tunnel excavator for hard rock, so it is estimated that the required amount of overcut is small.

Further, in this prior art, although the inclined roller cutter 2 is used both for straight traveling and for curving, the excavation profile changes as shown in FIG. Collapses. That is, as shown in FIG.
And the blade tip of another fixed roller cutter 9 attached to the cutter head 4 are arranged at the same pitch P0. When the hydraulic cylinder 6 shown in FIG. 7 is expanded to obtain the overcut amount V, the pitch between the fixed roller cutter 9 and the cutting edge of the inclined roller cutter 2 extends to P1, which is different from other pitches P0. Further, the shape of the envelope of the locus of the blade edge of each cutter is not flat, and a smooth shape cannot be maintained.

FIG. 9 shows a rock bed (ground rock) formed by a roller cutter.
10 shows the principle of compression crushing. When the crushing portions 11, 12, 13 are formed at a constant pitch P0, the crushing portion 13 forms the blade edge 14 of the roller cutter in the middle where the crushing portions 11, 12 are formed by the roller cutters that are adjacent to each other on the locus. When formed by, the rock mass between the adjacent crushing section 11 by the roller cutter becomes a crushed piece 15 and is separated. When the pitch P0 increases, the crushed pieces 15 between the adjacent crushing parts
Is difficult to separate, and the compression crushing of the bedrock 10 cannot be performed smoothly. In this way, if the distance between the blade edges of the adjacent cutters fluctuates or the shape of the trajectory of the blade edges does not change smoothly, it becomes difficult to crush hard rock.

As described above, this prior art has the following problems. Excavation cannot be performed efficiently because the position of the cutter blade changes. The shape of the excavated surface cannot be maintained smoothly. A large amount of overcut cannot be taken. If the blade edge of the cutter wears, the required overcut amount cannot be obtained even if the cutter blade is oscillated. Therefore, when excavating rock mass using a roller cutter, the following matters are important. The cutter blade edges are arranged at a constant pitch in the radial direction. The amount of protrusion of the cutter should be the same for all cutters,
Make the profile of the excavation surface smooth.

An object of the present invention is to provide an overcutter device for a hard rock tunnel excavator which can secure a sufficient amount of overcut even when excavating hard ground.

[0010]

The present invention provides a plurality of overcutter devices for a hard rock tunnel excavator for increasing the excavation diameter during bending when a tunnel is excavated by crushing rock into hard rock ground. Roller cutters are arranged on the outer peripheral side surface of the cutter head that forms the face of the cut, and an overcut roller cutter to which a plurality of cutter rings are attached, and an overcut roller cutter are the body of a hard rock tunnel excavator. State that protrudes radially outward than
And the retracting means for switching the state of storing inward in the radial direction from the body of the hard rock tunnel excavator, and each cutter ring of the overcut roller cutter is arranged on the cutter head when in a protruding state by the retracting means. An overcutter device for a hard rock tunnel excavator, which is mounted on an overcut roller cutter so as to extend on an envelope of a locus formed by blade edges of a plurality of roller cutters. Further, the overcut roller cutter of the present invention is capable of transitioning between the projecting state and the stored state by swinging displacement about a support shaft provided on the face face side, and the switching means is the overcutting device. And a jack for swinging and displacing the roller cutter for use. Further, the switching means of the present invention is characterized in that the overcut roller cutter is extruded as a whole to be in the protruding state, and is retracted as a whole to be in the housed state.

[0011]

According to the present invention, the cutter head is provided with a plurality of roller cutters forming a face. An overcut roller cutter to which a plurality of cutter rings are attached is arranged on the outer peripheral side surface of the cutter head. The overcut roller cutter can be switched between a state in which it projects radially outward from the body of the hard rock tunnel excavator and a state in which it is housed inward in the radial direction by the retracting means. When in the protruding state, the cutting edges of the respective cutter rings of the overcut roller cutter are arranged on the extension of the envelope of the locus formed by the cutting edges of the plurality of roller cutters arranged on the cutter head. This enables efficient excavation including overcut. When the overcut roller cutter is stored, the overcut roller cutter does not participate in rock excavation, and therefore wear can be prevented.

Further, according to the present invention, the overcut roller cutter moves between the projecting state and the housed state by swinging displacement about a support shaft provided on the facet side, so that the overcutting roller cutter is swung. The force applied to the jack can be received by the support shaft, and the force applied to the jack can be reduced.

Further, according to the present invention, the overcut roller cutter can be switched between the protruding state and the delivery state as a whole. If the stroke between the push-out and the pull-in is increased, the overcut roller cutter can be sufficiently housed in the cutter head in the housed state to prevent abrasion, and replacement when worn can be easily performed.

[0014]

FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of a hard rock tunnel excavator equipped with an overcutter device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
Shows the left side view. The hard rock tunnel excavator 20 is composed of a front body 21, a rear body 22, and a slide portion 23 provided therebetween. A cutter head 24 is rotatably provided on the front portion of the front body 21. A front gripper 25 is arranged behind the front body 21. A rear gripper 26 is arranged on the rear body 22. The front gripper 25 and the rear gripper 26 can independently press the surrounding rock to hold the airframe. Front body 21 and rear body 22
A slide jack 27 is provided between the two, and by adjusting the expansion and contraction and the operating states of the front gripper 25 and the rear gripper 26, the hard rock tunnel excavator 20 expands and contracts in a telescopic manner and is forwardly moved by the cutter head 24. You can move forward while excavating the bedrock. A shield jack 30 for generating a propulsive force by pressing the end face of the tunnel wall formed by assembling the segment 29 by the erector device 28 is also provided in the rear body 22, and excavation is possible even if the ground becomes soft. is there. Hard rock tunnel excavator 2
Inside 0, a conveyor 31 for carrying out the earth and sand excavated by the cutter head 24 to the rear is provided.

The cutter head 24 is rotationally driven by an electric motor 32, and excavates the ground by a plurality of fixed roller cutters 33 arranged on the surface. Fixed roller cutter 3
The cutting edge of 3 forms a locus 34 having a dome-shaped envelope. The locus 34 is adjusted to a shape suitable for excavating the hard ground, and the cutter head 24 is rotationally driven to be a virtual envelope of the locus drawn by each fixed roller cutter 33. To the outside of the cutter head 24 in the radial direction,
An overcut roller cutter 35 is provided.

The fixed roller cutters 33 are arranged on the surface of the cutter head 24 at regular intervals in the radial direction. When the cutter disk 24 rotates, the loci of the blade edges of the fixed roller cutter 33 draw concentric circles. In this embodiment, two overcut roller cutters 35 are arranged on the outer peripheral side surface of the cutter head 24.

FIG. 3 shows the housed state of the overcut roller cutter 35 when the hard rock tunnel excavator 20 moves straight ahead, and FIG. 4 shows the protruding state when it goes forward. The overcut roller cutter 35 is swingably displaceable around the support shaft 41. The support shaft 41 is provided inward of the cutter head 24 in the radial direction, that is, on the face of the cutter member 24.
It is pivotally supported by 2. The roller cutter 35 for the cutter head is
Both ends of the central axis are pivotally supported, and a base end portion is rotatably held by a holding body 43 joined to the support shaft 41. The free end of the holder 43 has a support member 45 fixed to the partition wall 44.
One end of the hydraulic cylinder 46 is pin-connected to the other end of the hydraulic cylinder 46. 3 shows the hydraulic cylinder 46 in a contracted state, and FIG. 4 shows the hydraulic cylinder 46 in an expanded state.

The overcut roller cutter 35 has a plurality of cutter rings 47, 48, 49 laminated. The fixed roller cutter 33 has one cutter disk 50. The standard excavation diameter D0 in the state in which the overcut roller cutter 35 is housed becomes the enlarged excavation diameter D1 in the protruding state of the overcut roller cutter 35, and this difference is twice the overcut amount V. That is, V = (D1-D
0) / 2.

FIG. 5 shows an overcut roller cutter 35.
The profile of the locus 34 of the blade edge of each cutter in a state where the blade is projected is shown. The cutting edges 47, 48, 49 of the overcut roller cutter also have loci 34.
It is on the extension of the envelope of. Cutter ring 47,4
The pitch P0 of the blade edges of Nos. 8 and 49 is substantially the same as the pitch of the blade edges of the cutter ring 50 of the fixed roller cutter. As in this embodiment, two overcut roller cutters 35 are used.
When the above is provided, it is possible to realize a larger amount of overcut by offsetting each other on the extension of the locus 34.

FIG. 6 shows the construction of an overcut roller cutter 60 according to another embodiment of the present invention. The parts corresponding to those in the embodiment of FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals. The overcut roller cutter 60 of the present embodiment is a slide base 6.
The slide jack 62 is moved within 1 by expansion and contraction.
FIG. 6 (A) is a retracted state in which it is entirely retracted, FIG. 6 (B)
Indicates the protruding state in which they are entirely extruded, respectively. Cutter ring 6 that constitutes the overcut roller cutter 60
3, 64 project on the extension of the track 34 formed by the blade edge of the fixed roller cutter 65, and are retracted at a distance from the excavation surface when stored.

In each of the embodiments described above, the blade edge of the roller cutter is a dome shape, but the present invention is similarly applied to any shape such as a flat shape that is widely used in tunnel excavators and shield excavators. be able to. Further, not only the roller cutter but also a cutter intended for soft ground such as a tea cutter can be arranged in the cutter head.

[0022]

As described above, according to the present invention, the cutting edge of the overcut roller cutter is projected on the extension line of the envelope of the locus formed by the cutting edges of the plurality of roller cutters arranged on the cutter head. Since it is located, a large overcut can be performed without lowering the excavation efficiency. When the overcut roller cutter is stored, the blade edge is not worn, so that excavation can be effectively performed when overcut is required.

Further, according to the present invention, since the overcut roller cutter is pivotally displaced about the support shaft provided on the facet side, the protruding state and the stored state can be quickly switched even if the displacement amount is small. You can

Further, according to the present invention, the overcut roller cutter is wholly extruded to be in a protruding state and entirely retracted to be in a housed state, so that it can be sufficiently retracted into the cutter head. As a result, abrasion in the stored state can be prevented, and the overcut roller cutter can be efficiently used only when overcut is necessary.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a left side view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a housed state of the overcut roller cutter of the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a partial front cross-sectional view showing a protruding state of the overcut roller cutter of the embodiment of FIG.

5 is a schematic diagram showing the locus of the blade edge of the overcut roller cutter in the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a partial front sectional view showing the operation of the overcutter device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of a prior art overcutter device.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing an operating state of the prior art.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing the principle of compression and crushing of the ground by a roller cutter.

[Explanation of symbols]

 20 Hard Rock Tunnel Excavator 21 Front Body 22 Rear Body 24 Cutter Head 33 Fixed Roller Cutter 34 Trajectory 35, 60 Overcut Roller Cutter 47, 48, 49, 50, 63, 64 Cutter Ring 61 Slide Base 62 Slide Jack P0 Pitch V Overcut amount

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An overcutter device of a hard rock tunnel excavator for enlarging a diameter of excavation when a tunnel is excavated by crushing a rock to a hard rock ground. The overcut roller cutter, which is arranged on the outer peripheral side surface of the cutter head that forms the surface and is equipped with multiple cutter rings, and the overcut roller cutter that projects radially outward from the body of the hard rock tunnel excavator. And the retracting means for switching between the state of storing and the state of storing inside the body of the hard rock tunnel excavator in the radial direction, and each cutter ring of the overcut roller cutter is a cutter when the projecting state by the retracting means. Use the overcut roller cutter so that it is on the extension of the envelope of the locus formed by the blade edges of the multiple roller cutters arranged on the head. Obakatta device hard rock tunneling machine, characterized in that it is deposited. 2. The overcut roller cutter is capable of transitioning between the projecting state and the stored state by swinging displacement about a support shaft provided on the facet side, and the switching means is an overcut. The overcutter device for a hard rock tunnel excavator according to claim 1, further comprising a jack for swinging and displacing the cutting roller cutter. 3. The switching means sets the projecting state by pushing out the overcut roller cutter as a whole, and puts it in the storage state by pulling it in entirely. Overcutter device for hard rock tunnel excavator.