JP3951725B2 - Tunnel boring machine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a tunnel boring machine (hereinafter abbreviated as TBM), and more particularly to a structure capable of excavating a deformed cross section.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, for example, TBM is known as a tunnel excavator that excavates the entire section of a tunnel at once by a mechanical excavation method without using blasting for tunnel excavation. This TBM is equipped with an excavator main body at the tip and a work cart for placing and moving various facilities following the main body, and the excavator main body with the ground around the tunnel as a reaction force by a gripper attached to the excavator main body. The tunnel is excavated while moving forward. After excavation of the tunnel, the inner peripheral surface of the tunnel is protected by spray lining with a spray material such as concrete. The excavation cross section of the tunnel excavated using TBM is circular. This is because the face plate for excavating the face is circular and excavates while rotating the face plate.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, for example, when excavating a tunnel that requires a horseshoe-shaped cross section such as a railway tunnel or a road tunnel using a TBM, an additional excavation part as shown by a hatched part in FIG. As shown by the oblique lines in FIG. 4B, a portion requiring backfilling occurred, and the excavation work and backfilling work and the construction period became longer, which was uneconomical.
[0004]
In large-section tunnels, as shown in FIG. 5, it is common to excavate the advanced guide shaft a using TBM. However, it is necessary to excavate the insufficient cross-section indicated by diagonal lines by the NATM method. In addition, there were problems such as a longer construction period.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above technical problems, and its purpose is to enable excavation by TBM alone without using other construction methods even in the case of non-circular irregular cross sections as described above. TBM is provided.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a tunnel boring machine according to the present invention includes a face plate for excavating a circular cross section included in a deformed cross section to be obtained, and a shortage of cross sections on the left and right sides of the circular cross section excavated by the face plate. An irregular cross-section excavation part for excavation is provided. Therefore, the tunnel boring machine of the present invention can be formed into a deformed cross section along with a circular cross section by excavation work of the tunnel boring machine alone.
[0007]
The modified cross drilling unit, a slide ring moving back and forth in the direction while rotating a right back of said face plate, pivotally mounted on the outer circumference of the slide ring, and, in synchronization with the rotation section It can be provided with a plurality of excavating arms that swing along the outer peripheral locus of the lacking portion, and a cutter bit provided at the tip of each excavating arm. Therefore, the tunnel boring machine of the present invention can perform irregular section excavation simultaneously with circular excavation even in hard rocks, and is particularly suitable for hard rock excavation.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 to 3 show a implementation form developed as suitable for the present invention for hard rock drilling.
[0009]
The TBM in FIG. 1 includes a hollow rectangular tube-shaped beam 1 disposed in the center in the front-rear direction, a face plate 2 rotatably supported at the tip of the beam 1 and having a rear skin covered with a tubular skin plate, a modified cross-sectional excavation 3 provided coaxially 2 immediately back, the fixed sleeve 4 arranged in the back of the modified cross drilling unit 3 on the outer periphery of the beam 1, in the rear portion of the stationary sleeve 4 wherein A rectangular slide block 6 disposed on the outer periphery of the beam 1 and connected to the fixed sleeve 4 via a plurality of thrust jacks 5, a sliding chute 7 disposed below the slide block 6, and a sliding chute 7 The tip is located in the center of the rear part, and the rear part is disposed in the belt conveyor 8 and the beam 1 for discharging the slant, and the rear part is located on the upper side of the belt conveyor 8. It is schematically composed of a belt conveyor 9 Metropolitan for shear emissions. A front gripper 11 is disposed above and below the fixed sleeve 4 via a pair of jacks 10, a main gripper 14 is disposed on the left and right sides of the slide block 6 via a plurality of jacks 12, and the rear left and right sides of the beam Each of these is provided with an end gripper 16 via a support jack 15, and a reaction force at the time of excavation is obtained by bringing each gripper into contact with or separating from the inner wall of the tunnel by expansion and contraction of each jack.
[0010]
2 (a) and 2 (b) show the operation . First, in the state where the excavation operation is stopped as shown in FIG. 2 (a), the front gripper 11 and the end gripper 16 are abutted against the inner wall of the tunnel. The main gripper 14 of the slide block is reduced, the thrust jack 5 is reduced, and the slide block 6 is advanced . Then, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), the main gripper 14 is expanded in diameter and abuts against the inner wall of the tunnel. By fixing the slide block 6 in this manner, the front gripper 11 and the end gripper 16 are reduced, and the thrust jack 5 is extended while the face plate 2 and the irregular section excavating portion 3 are driven to rotate. The excavation part 3 moves forward and excavates for one stroke.
[0011]
As shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b), a number of cutter bits 17 are arranged in a radial arrangement on the front surface of the face plate 2, and as the face plate 2 rotates, the front face thereof is excavated, The excavated lath is taken into the beam 1 from the chamber surrounded by the skin plate and discharged toward the rear of the mine through belt conveyors 9 and 8.
[0012]
The modified cross-section excavating portion 3 has a diameter smaller than that of the face plate 2, is disposed immediately behind the face plate 2, rotates together with the face plate 2, and has a plurality of thrust jacks 18 (FIGS. 2A and 2 ). ( See (b) ), the outer periphery of the fixed sleeve 4 can be moved back and forth and reciprocally movable, and the outer periphery of the slide ring 19 can be swung via a pin 20 (see FIG. 3B). A plurality of excavating arms 21 supported by the arm 21 and a disc-shaped cutter bit 22 provided at the tip of each arm 21, and the slide ring 19 rotates with the rotation of the face plate 2, and a fixed sleeve 4 reciprocates back and forth on the outer periphery.
[0013]
Each digging arm 21 swings in synchronization with the rotation of the slide ring 19 and draws a horseshoe-shaped trajectory having an arcuate lower portion as shown by an imaginary line in FIG. the horseshoe path and the face plate 2 shown by hatched portion in b) already drilled portion between the drilled circle cross-section.
[0014]
In order to enable the above excavation by each excavation arm 21, for example, a servo motor for oscillation control is provided in each excavation arm 21, and the oscillation control is performed in synchronization with the rotation by computer control or the like. By doing so, the horseshoe excavation locus can be realized. A cam plate having a horseshoe-type cam lead groove similar to the horseshoe-type excavation section is fixed to the back surface of each excavation arm 21, and a pin protruding from the back surface of each excavation arm 21 is engaged with the cam lead groove, The excavation arm 21 can also be swung along the groove trajectory.
[0015]
Regardless of which control method is used, the maximum excavation trajectory by each excavation arm 21 is the trajectory indicated by the broken line in FIG. 3B, so that not only the horseshoe cross section but also the replacement of the cam plate, It becomes possible to excavate in various cross sections according to the change.
[0016]
The sliding chute 7 collects excavation excavation generated by excavation of a horseshoe-type excavated portion, and rotary feathers 23 are arranged on the front left and right as shown in FIG. The scooped up at the front end of 7 is gathered to the center rear and sent to the belt conveyor 8 side.
[0017]
The sliding chute 7 is pivotally attached to the lower portion of the slide block 6 by an elevating jack or the like. When the slide block 6 is moved, the slide chute 7 is raised to prevent the movement block. It is possible to efficiently collect the shearing by grounding when 6 is fixed.
[0018]
Thus, for each excavation operation, circular excavation by the face plate 2 and horseshoe-shaped excavation work by the deformed cross-section excavation part 3 at the rear part are simultaneously performed, and the horseshoe-shaped excavation work is performed only by the TBM without using another construction method. A tunnel with a cross section can be created.
[0019]
【The invention's effect】
As evidenced by the above description, according to the TBM according to the invention, since even irregular cross section Ru can excavation by TBM alone without combination with other method is economical, it can contribute to shortening the construction period.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is a perspective view of TBM by implementation embodiment when the present invention is applied to a hard rock drilling.
2A and 2B are side sectional views of the TBM. FIG.
3A is a front view of the TBM, and FIG. 3B is a front cross-sectional view showing a modified cross-section excavation section.
FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b) are front views showing defects when excavation of a modified cross section is performed using a conventional TBM.
FIG. 5 is a front view showing a problem when a large section excavation is performed using a conventional TBM.
[Explanation of symbols]
2 face plate 3 irregular section excavation part 19 slide ring 21 excavation arm 22 cutter bit

Claims (1)

A face plate for excavating a circular cross section included in the modified cross section to be obtained;
A slide ring that is in the immediate back of the face plate and moves in the front-rear direction while rotating, and is swingably attached to the outer peripheral portion of the slide ring, and along the outer peripheral locus of the insufficient cross section in synchronization with the rotation A deformed cross-section excavating portion configured to excavate a cross-section shortage portion on the left and right of the circular cross-section excavated by the face plate, which includes a plurality of rocking excavating arms and a cutter bit provided at the tip of each excavating arm. Tunnel boring machine characterized by having.

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